3DCP composite systems: Additive manufacturing of a concrete and cellulose interlocking wall

Architecture, Structures and Construction Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI:10.1007/s44150-025-00162-2

João Ribeiro, Tatiana Campos, Filipe Brandão, Bruno Figueiredo, Paulo J.S. Cruz

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Abstract

This study explores the sequential use of Additive Manufacturing with two distinct materials– concrete and cellulose– for the fabrication of a modular hybrid wall system made up of a set of uniquely shaped, self-supporting interlocking blocks. At a functional level, the proposed system is composed of two layers: (1) a 3D-printed structural concrete panel which forms the exterior finish and ensures the fit between components; and (2) a 3D-printed cellulose coating that forms the interior finish of the wall and plays the role of acoustic insulator through a formal optimization process. Furthermore, the block design supports dry assembly and disassembly, aligning with principles of Design for Disassembly and promoting reusability. A full-scale wall section is prototyped and compared to its digital model to evaluate geometric conformity and assembly performance. This research underscores both the potential and current limitations of combining 3D Concrete Printing with 3D-printed biomaterials, advancing towards prefabrication solutions for adaptable, circular construction practices.

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3DCP复合系统：混凝土和纤维素互锁壁的增材制造

本研究探索了用两种不同的材料（混凝土和纤维素）连续使用增材制造来制造模块化混合墙系统，该系统由一组独特形状的、自支撑的互锁块组成。在功能层面上，拟议的系统由两层组成：(1)3d打印结构混凝土面板，形成外部饰面并确保组件之间的配合；(2) 3d打印的纤维素涂层，通过形式优化过程形成墙体的内部饰面并起到隔音的作用。此外，块设计支持干式组装和拆卸，与拆卸设计原则一致，促进可重用性。一个全尺寸的壁段原型，并与其数字模型进行比较，以评估几何一致性和装配性能。这项研究强调了将3D混凝土打印与3D打印生物材料相结合的潜力和当前的局限性，朝着适应性强、循环建筑实践的预制解决方案迈进。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Architecture, Structures and Construction

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