Applications in Energy and Combustion Science最新文献

{"title":"Clean energy technology: Hydro-processing of waste tyre pyrolysis oil (WTPO) to diesel fuel in a continuous reactor using Co/SBA-15 catalyst","authors":"P. Tamizhdurai ,&nbsp;P. Arthi ,&nbsp;V.L. Mangesh ,&nbsp;P. Santhana Krishnan ,&nbsp;Nadavala Siva Kumar ,&nbsp;P. Saravanan ,&nbsp;A. Subramani ,&nbsp;P. Sasikumar ,&nbsp;Mohammed F. Alotibi ,&nbsp;Salwa B. Alreshaidan ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz A.M. Abahussain ,&nbsp;Ahmed S. Al-Fatesh ,&nbsp;R. Kumaran","doi":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The need for sustainable fuel sources and efficient waste management has led researchers to explore innovative methods for converting waste into fuel. One promising avenue is the utilization of 100 % tyre oil (TO), which could offer a profitable and environmentally friendly solution for disposing of waste tyres. With rising fossil fuel costs, environmental concerns, and the challenges of waste tyre landfilling, there is increased interest in waste tyre pyrolysis oils (WTPO) as an alternative energy source. This study examines the hydro processed WTPO (HWTPO) was analysed using a metallic catalyst, specifically Co/SBA-15. This method involves hydrolysing WTPO with the metallic catalyst, assessing the physical-chemical properties, formulation efficiency compared to petroleum products, and diesel engine performance like the impact on fuel consumption, combustion, and emissions. The synthetic HWTPO's chemical and physical properties were found to be comparable to European diesel specifications (European standard 590). Under hydroprocessing conditions (80 bar and 375 °C), the Co/SBA-15 catalyst produced isoalkanes, n-alkanes, and aromatics in quantities nearly equivalent to 100 % diesel. HWTPO demonstrated the potential to maximize greenhouse gas emissions reduction and enhance the performance of diesel-powered engines. The favourable properties of HWTPO suggest that waste tyre pyrolysis oil could be a viable transportation fuel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100104,"journal":{"name":"Applications in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100305"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerosol ignition in iron powder flames stabilized on a new type of jet-in-hot-coflow burner","authors":"J. Hameete,&nbsp;L.J. Boone,&nbsp;T.A.M. Homan,&nbsp;Y. Shoshyn,&nbsp;N.J. Dam,&nbsp;L.P.H. de Goey","doi":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel Jet-in-Hot-Coflow burner for the combustion of solid metallic particles is presented. This system features an electrically preheated coflow to ignite particles without the need for a pilot flame, mimicking exhaust gas recirculation, a method often used in industry to suppress NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> emissions and stabilize or control a combustion process. Two different iron powder samples with different particle size distributions were combusted, and their combustion products were analyzed using quantitative XRD to study the effect of particle size and interparticle heating on the ignition temperature of a suspension. It was found that a large fraction of the larger particles failed to ignite, probably due to insufficient heating during the residence time in the hot coflow. An increase in the dust concentration, expected to increase local temperatures and interparticle heating effects, did not significantly decrease the suspension ignition temperature for these powders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100104,"journal":{"name":"Applications in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100301"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future technological directions for hydrogen internal combustion engines in transport applications","authors":"J.W.G. Turner","doi":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper discusses some of the requirements, drivers, and resulting technological paths for manufacturers to develop hydrogen combustion engines for use in two types of market application – on-road heavy- and light-duty. One of the main requirements is legislative certainty, and this has now been afforded – at least in the major market of Europe – by the European Union's recent adoption into law of tailpipe emissions limits specifically designed to encourage the uptake of hydrogen engines in heavy-duty vehicles, giving manufacturers the confidence they need to invest in productionized solutions to offer to customers.</div><div>It then discusses combustion systems and boosting systems for the two market types, emphasizing that heavy-duty vehicles need best efficiency throughout their operating map while light-duty ones, since they are rarely operated at full load, will mainly primarily need efficiency in the part-load region. This difference will likely cause a divergence in solutions, with heavy-duty engines running very lean everywhere and light-duty ones likely operating at the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, at least for most of the map. The impacts of the strategies on engine systems and vehicle integration are discussed.</div><div>It is postulated that due to reasons of preignition avoidance and efficiency hydrogen engines will rapidly adopt direct injection and that the long-term heavy-duty types will migrate towards the typical current spark-ignition-type cylinder head architecture where tumble, rather than swirl, will ultimately be needed for air motion in the cylinder for these reasons. They may also adopt active pre-chamber technology to ignite extremely lean mixtures for maximum efficiency and minimum emissions of oxides of nitrogen.</div><div>It is suggested that light-duty engines will evolve less from their current gasoline architectural norm since they already contain all of the necessary fundamentals for hydrogen combustion. However, since part-load efficiency will be important, some new strategies may become desirable. Developing dual-fuel light-duty engines could accelerate their uptake as the heavy-duty market simultaneously accelerates the creation of the fuel supply infrastructure.</div><div>The likely technological evolution suggests that variable valve trains, and specifically cam profile switching technology, would be extremely useful for all types of hydrogen engine, especially since they are readily available in different gasoline engines now. New operating strategies afforded by variable valve trains would benefit both heavy- and light-duty engines, and these strategies will become more sophisticated. There will therefore likely be a convergence of technologies for the two markets, albeit with some key differences maintained due to their vehicle applications and their differing operation in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100104,"journal":{"name":"Applications in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100302"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of flame temperature on structure and CO oxidation properties of Pt/CeO2 catalyst by flame-assisted spray pyrolysis","authors":"Naoya Minegishi ,&nbsp;Peizhou Li ,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Nagasawa ,&nbsp;Hidenori Kosaka","doi":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flame synthesis offers the potential for the synthesis of structure-controlled catalysts. In this study, Pt/CeO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized via flame-assisted spray pyrolysis (FASP) and used as CO oxidation catalysts. The catalysts were synthesized using a burner diffusion flame at three different flame temperatures (maximum flame temperatures, <span><math><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></math></span> = 1556, 1785, and 2026 K), and their particle structure and CO oxidation activity were evaluated. The synthesized Pt/CeO₂ catalysts had a bimodal structure containing 100 nm-scale CeO₂ loaded with 10 nm-scale Pt and fine CeO₂ &lt; 10 nm loaded with highly dispersed Pt (less than 1 nm). As the flame temperature increases from 1556 to 2026 K, the formation of fine CeO₂ particles dominates, resulting in an increase in BET specific surface area from 7.97 to 112 m²/g and Pt dispersion from 4.67 to 20.6%. Insight into the particle formation routes that determine the catalyst structure is provided by numerical simulation of droplet evaporation in a burner flame. CO oxidation experiments showed that the temperature at which CO conversion reached 100% (<em>T</em>₁₀₀) decreased from 513 to 378 K with increasing flame temperature in FASP. In addition, the thermal stability test showed that the Pt dispersion after thermal degradation was higher for Pt/CeO₂ catalyst made by FASP at <span><math><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></math></span> = 2026 K than that prepared by the impregnation method, and the <em>T</em>₁₀₀ for CO oxidation was lower by 20 K.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100104,"journal":{"name":"Applications in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100303"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of film cooling on the heat release within a rotating detonation combustor","authors":"Shreyas Ramanagar Sridhara ,&nbsp;Antonio Andreini ,&nbsp;Marc D. Polanka ,&nbsp;Myles D. Bohon","doi":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rotating detonation combustors establish a detonation wave that continuously circulates inside a small annulus. The presence of the detonation wave and the downstream oblique shock within the small annulus coupled with high mass flow induces a high heat load to the combustor wall. Preliminary analysis shows that for higher thermal power, internal air cooling alone is not sufficient to remove the heat out of the walls to maintain them below the maximum temperature of the metal. A possible solution is to use film cooling to reduce the heat flux to the combustor walls. One issue, though, is that the introduction of film cooling provides additional air into the system that can influence the combustion process as well as providing a location for secondary combustion.</div><div>This paper represents the first investigation to study the secondary implications on combustion of using film cooling in a rotating detonation combustor. The TU Berlin RDC architecture was modified with the introduction of 480 film cooling holes placed in the oblique shock region. High fidelity LES investigations were performed for different coolant plenum pressures to show the benefits of using film cooling. However, due to the presence of unburnt fuel in this post-detonation region, the coolant can result in additional combustion leading to an increase in temperature near the wall. One the one hand, these secondary reactions result in an increase of the overall heat release increasing combustion efficiency, however this also results in higher temperatures and reduced film cooling effectiveness. A simulation performed with nitrogen as a coolant enabled the effects of increased mixing caused by the ejection of coolant gases to be separated from the additional heat release. The simulation with nitrogen shows a reduction of 88% in the local heat release in the post detonation region resulting in similar performance as the uncooled case and significantly cooler walls.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100104,"journal":{"name":"Applications in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100300"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow field and emission characterization of a novel enclosed jet-in-hot-coflow canonical burner","authors":"Thimo van den Berg,&nbsp;Rishikesh Sampat,&nbsp;Arvind Gangoli Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The jet-in-hot-coflow is a canonical combustion setup, which has been used in several studies to study Flameless/MILD combustion and auto-ignition of fuels. However, the NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and CO emission measurements from these combustion setups were not possible due to the entrainment of laboratory air and a lack of a well-defined physical system limit. These limitations have been overcome by a new enclosed jet-in-hot-coflow setup. The combustor was operated by injecting a mixture of CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-Air in the central jet, and the coflow comprised of hot products from CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-Air combustion in burners upstream. The coflow composition was further controlled by adding diluents such as N<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>. Measurements were done using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry, suction probe gas analysis, thermocouples, and chemiluminescence imaging. Increasing central jet velocity and equivalence ratio led to lower NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and a reaction zone that enlarged and shifted downstream. The reduction in NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> emission was attributed to the returning mechanism. Adding CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and N<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> as diluents in the coflow resulted in a longer combustion zone and reduced temperatures in the combustion chamber, leading to decreased NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> production and increased reburning. These experiments provide relevant flowfield and emissions data for modelers and help characterize combustion regimes such as Flameless/MILD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100104,"journal":{"name":"Applications in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of fuel temperature and injection timing effects on ammonia direct injection in an optical engine","authors":"Valentin Scharl ,&nbsp;Karl Oskar Pires Bjørgen ,&nbsp;David Robert Emberson ,&nbsp;Terese Løvås","doi":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigates the effects of fuel temperature and injection timing on ammonia direct injection in an optical engine using a multi-hole injector. Flash-boiling may occur over various engine-relevant conditions due to ammonia’s high vapor pressure. This phenomenon impacts spray characteristics and, in severe cases, facilitates cavitation inside the nozzle. Both fuel temperature and injection timing (i.e., ambient conditions during injection) impact the intensity of flash-boiling during fuel injection. Therefore, this work varies fuel temperature (from <span><math><mrow><mn>320</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>K</mi></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>388</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>K</mi></mrow></math></span>) and injection timing (from <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>60</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>CAD</mi><mspace></mspace><mi>aTDC</mi></mrow></math></span> (crank angle degrees after top dead center) to <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>6</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>CAD</mi><mspace></mspace><mi>aTDC</mi></mrow></math></span>) to assess their impact on injection mass flux, discharge coefficients, and macroscopic spray characteristics using an ammonia injection pressure of <span><math><mrow><mn>200</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>bar</mi></mrow></math></span>. For this purpose, the injection mass is measured by analyzing exhaust gas compositions during engine operation with ammonia injections but without combustion. In addition, diffuse background illumination (DBI) images capture the liquid phase of the fuel spray to characterize spray behavior. The findings reveal that increasing fuel temperature decreases ammonia’s injection mass by up to 12.8% but has little impact on discharge coefficients for late injection timings and high in-cylinder pressures. However, discharge coefficients decrease by up to 17.4% (from 0.58 to 0.48) for early injection timings if fuel temperatures are high. The individual sprays of the 6-hole GDI injector may collapse into a uniform spray at high-density conditions without flash-boiling or under strongly flash-boiling conditions. The findings clarify the impact of ammonia’s high vapor pressure on injection mass and prove the relevance of different spray collapse mechanisms in ammonia direct injection engines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100104,"journal":{"name":"Applications in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100299"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on oxy-fuel combustion for supercritical CO2 direct-fired power cycle","authors":"Francesco Di Sabatino,&nbsp;Brian J. Connolly,&nbsp;Owen M. Pryor,&nbsp;Steve H. White","doi":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the potential of oxy-fuel direct-fired supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂) power cycles, proposing them as a promising strategy towards achieving near-total carbon capture while utilizing existing fossil fuels. It offers insights into the future of CO₂- and sCO₂-diluted combustion science and combustor design, supported by a review of the current state of the art. The paper is divided into four sections: chemical kinetics and the development of chemical mechanisms, numerical simulations tools, combustion and laser ignition experimental efforts, and the current state of the art and perspectives of combustor design efforts. The paper underscores the need for additional experimental measurements to validate chemical mechanisms, numerical simulations, and combustor design to advance understanding of CO₂ and sCO₂-diluted combustion science. The authors advocate for increased collaboration within the scientific community and the development of standardized lab-scale burners and combustor geometries to facilitate comparison and validation as well as reduce development costs. The paper emphasizes that significant research and development efforts are crucial to ensuring the safety, reliability, and efficiency of CO₂ and sCO₂-diluted combustion processes and combustor design. The knowledge and strategies applicable to conventional gas turbines may not directly transfer to sCO₂ cycles, necessitating dedicated research efforts to advance this promising technology towards widespread adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100104,"journal":{"name":"Applications in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation of irradiance from combustion in porous media with different geometries","authors":"Petra Weinbrecht,&nbsp;Björn Stelzner,&nbsp;Peter Habisreuther,&nbsp;Christof Weis,&nbsp;Dimosthenis Trimis","doi":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiant porous burners with a high power density, emitting intense radiation were investigated. Different geometrical structures were applied as porous inlay in a state-of-the-art, two-layer porous burner with a rectangular shape. Structures were made of SiSiC and manufactured by the replica method using foaming and hybrid additive manufacturing. Subject to the study were foam structures as well as lattice structures with random strut distribution based on the Voronoi tessellation and with regular distribution based on the Kelvin and Hendecahedron cell geometry. The structures were designed with the intention of enhancing the irradiation by optimising the specific surface area distribution along the flow direction. The additive manufacturing method enables this through a local increase in pore density and the implementation of additional surfaces. Image processing was used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach and to characterise the structures in specific surface areas. Volume averaged values and distribution along the thickness were analysed. The radiation efficiency was derived from measurements of the radiation intensity on discrete points in parallel to the radiating surface using a radiometer. The burner was operated with methane as fuel at a specific burner power in the range of 600<!--> <!-->kW<!--> <!-->m⁻² to 1000<!--> <!-->kW<!--> <!-->m⁻² and an equivalence ratio of <span><math><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></math></span>. Measured radiation efficiency was compared to a limiting radiation efficiency obtained from theoretical calculations. Highest radiation efficiency was obtained for a foam structure with a specific surface area of 622<!--> <!-->m⁻¹. Structures based on the geometry of a hendecahedron and a kelvin cell achieved comparable efficiencies. The lowest values were observed for a randomly distributed lattice structure with nominal pore density of 10 PPI. A relation between volume averaged specific surface area values and measured radiation efficiency is derived and proven. Additionally, efficiency could be improved by targeted surface area increase applying closed windows or a gradient in pore size respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100104,"journal":{"name":"Applications in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow-field analysis and performance assessment of rotating detonation engines under different number of discrete inlet nozzles","authors":"Sebastian Valencia ,&nbsp;Andres Mendiburu ,&nbsp;Luis Bravo ,&nbsp;Prashant Khare ,&nbsp;Cesar Celis","doi":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores in depth rotating detonation engines (RDEs) fueled by premixed stoichiometric hydrogen/air mixtures through two-dimensional numerical simulations including a detailed chemical kinetic mechanism. To model the spatial reactant non-uniformities observed in practical RDE combustors, the referred simulations incorporate different numbers of discrete inlet nozzles. The primary focus here is to analyze the influence of reactant non-uniformities on detonation combustion dynamics in RDEs. By systematically varying the number of reactant injection nozzles (from 15 to 240), while maintaining a constant total injection area, the study delves into how this variation influences the behavior of rotating detonation waves (RDWs) and the associated overall flow field structure. The numerical results obtained here reveal significant effects of the number of inlets employed on both RDE stability (self-sustaining detonation wave) and performance. RDE configurations with a lower number of inlets exhibit a detonation front with chaotic behavior (pressure oscillations) due to an increased amount of unburned gas ahead of the detonation wave. This chaotic behavior can lead to the flame extinguishing or decreasing in intensity, ultimately diminishing the engine's overall performance. Conversely, RDE configurations with a higher number of inlets feature smoother detonation propagations without chaotic transients, leading to more stable and reliable performance metrics. This study uses high-fidelity numerical techniques such as adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) and the PeleC compressible reacting flow solver. This comprehensive approach enables a thorough evaluation of critical RDE characteristics including detonation velocity, fuel mass flow rate, impulse, thrust, and reverse pressure waves under varying reactant injection conditions. The insights derived from the numerical simulations carried out here enhance the understanding of the fundamental processes governing the performance of RDE concepts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100104,"journal":{"name":"Applications in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100296"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}