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Constraining Dike Opening Models With Seismic Velocity Changes Associated With the 2023–2024 Eruption Sequence on the Reykjanes Peninsula
IF 8.3
AGU Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1029/2024AV001516
E. Bird, J. Atterholt, J. Li, E. Biondi, Q. Zhai, L. Li, Y. Yang, J. Fang, X. Wei, V. Hjörleifsdóttir, A. Klesh, V. Kamalov, T. Gunnarsson, Z. Zhan
{"title":"Constraining Dike Opening Models With Seismic Velocity Changes Associated With the 2023–2024 Eruption Sequence on the Reykjanes Peninsula","authors":"E. Bird,&nbsp;J. Atterholt,&nbsp;J. Li,&nbsp;E. Biondi,&nbsp;Q. Zhai,&nbsp;L. Li,&nbsp;Y. Yang,&nbsp;J. Fang,&nbsp;X. Wei,&nbsp;V. Hjörleifsdóttir,&nbsp;A. Klesh,&nbsp;V. Kamalov,&nbsp;T. Gunnarsson,&nbsp;Z. Zhan","doi":"10.1029/2024AV001516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024AV001516","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The stress field perturbation caused by magmatic intrusions within volcanic systems induces strain in the surrounding region. This effect results in the opening and closing of microcracks in the vicinity of the intrusion, which can affect regional seismic velocities. In late November 2023, we deployed a distributed acoustic sensing interrogator to convert an existing 100-km telecommunication fiber-optic cable along the coast of Iceland's Reykjanes peninsula into a dense seismic array, which has run continuously. Measuring changes in surface wave moveout with ambient noise cross-correlation, we observe up to 2% changes in Rayleigh wave phase velocity <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>d</mi>\u0000 <mi>v</mi>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <mi>v</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $(dv/v)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> following eruptions in the peninsula's 2023–2024 sequence that are likely associated with magmatic intrusions into the eruption-feeding dike. We apply a Bayesian inversion to compute the posterior distribution of potential dike opening models for each eruption by considering <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>d</mi>\u0000 <mi>v</mi>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <mi>v</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $dv/v$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> measurements for varying channel pairs and frequency bands, and assuming this velocity change is tied to volumetric strain associated with dike-opening. Our results are in agreement with those based on geodetic measurement and provide independent constraints on the depth of the dike, demonstrating the viability of this novel inversion and new volcano monitoring directions through fiber sensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":100067,"journal":{"name":"AGU Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024AV001516","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reading the Record of Baselevel Change, River Incision, and Surface Uplift on the Colorado Plateau 解读科罗拉多高原基底变化、河流切割和地表隆起的记录
IF 8.3
AGU Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1029/2025AV001669
Lon D. Abbott
{"title":"Reading the Record of Baselevel Change, River Incision, and Surface Uplift on the Colorado Plateau","authors":"Lon D. Abbott","doi":"10.1029/2025AV001669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025AV001669","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Ever since geologist John Wesley Powell led the first daring descent through the canyons of the Colorado Plateau's Green and Colorado Rivers in 1869, their origin has been the subject of intense study (Powell, &lt;span&gt;1875&lt;/span&gt;). In fact, historians of science often assert that debates Powell had about canyon formation with contemporaries William Morris Davis, G.K. Gilbert, and Clarence Dutton were integral to the birth of geomorphology, the first scientific discipline to originate in North America (Oldroyd &amp; Grapes, &lt;span&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A distinctive feature of many Colorado Plateau rivers is that instead of detouring around locales where tectonic processes have arched and uplifted the rocks (the famous Colorado Plateau anticlines and monoclines), the rivers instead flow directly into the deformed rocks and cut majestic canyons, including the Grand Canyon. Powell and his colleagues understandably focused on the puzzle of how and when the rivers managed to do that, pondering whether they were “antecedent” (with courses established prior to deformation), or “superimposed” (lowered onto the deformed rocks from above, with courses originally set on undeformed rocks that erosion has since removed) (Rabbitt, &lt;span&gt;1969&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;But deformed rocks are the exception, not the rule, on the Colorado Plateau. So, a second puzzle is how and when the Plateau rose to its current 2,000 m average elevation absent major deformation. Despite over 150 years of research, the intertwined puzzles of canyon incision and plateau uplift remain unsolved. Obtaining consensus answers to these questions is important, especially since incision of the Colorado River, the master stream draining 642,000 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; of the American Southwest, controls the tempo of geomorphic change across this vast region. No one study will singlehandedly solve these puzzles, but Tanski et al. (&lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;) move our understanding forward in important ways by deriving incision histories for the Colorado River in Glen (Figure 1) and Meander Canyons, analyzing longitudinal profiles of the river and its tributaries, and constructing a model to track upstream migration of a wave of rapid incision associated with integration of the modern Colorado River.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We now know the Colorado Plateau anticlines and monoclines formed ∼65 Ma, during the Laramide Orogeny (Davis &amp; Bump, &lt;span&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;), and the modern course of the Colorado River wasn't established until ∼5.3 Ma, when drainage integrated across the Colorado Plateau-Basin and Range boundary at the Grand Wash Cliffs (R. S. Crow et al., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;; Dorsey et al., &lt;span&gt;2007&lt;/span&gt;). So, strictly speaking, the Colorado River can't be antecedent, but since many processes cause river reaches to mix and match, debate rages over how integration of the modern Colorado River was accomplished (e.g., Barnett et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;; Blackwelder, &lt;span&gt;1934&lt;/span&gt;; Flowers &amp; Farley, &lt;span&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;; Hill &amp; P","PeriodicalId":100067,"journal":{"name":"AGU Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025AV001669","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Mystery of Baselevel Controls in the Incision History of the Central Colorado Plateau 科罗拉多中部高原侵蚀史中的基底控制之谜
IF 8.3
AGU Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1029/2024AV001359
Natalie M. Tanski, Joel L. Pederson, Alan J. Hidy, Tammy M. Rittenour, James P. Mauch
{"title":"The Mystery of Baselevel Controls in the Incision History of the Central Colorado Plateau","authors":"Natalie M. Tanski,&nbsp;Joel L. Pederson,&nbsp;Alan J. Hidy,&nbsp;Tammy M. Rittenour,&nbsp;James P. Mauch","doi":"10.1029/2024AV001359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024AV001359","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Erosion can remain active and changing in landscapes long after tectonic drivers have ceased, potentially due to local-geologic controls, climate changes, or geodynamics. We present new fluvial incision-rate histories and terrain analyses of the Colorado River system through the central Colorado Plateau to understand what has caused the variable erosion across this post-orogenic landscape. Results from new cosmogenic and luminescence dating of fluvial terrace and upland gravel deposits in Glen and Meander Canyons establish incision-rate histories that are marked by an Early-Middle Pleistocene erosion hiatus, followed by ∼200 m of rapid incision over the last ∼350 kyr. Projection of fluvial topography from above knickzones of the Colorado River drainage system roughly agree with the observed magnitude of recent incision and reflect a common baselevel fall from Pliocene river integration through Grand Canyon, which is still propagating through the drainage. A response-time model indicates that baselevel fall from integration likely took 2–4 Myr to reach the central Colorado Plateau and 100s kyr to travel across the study area, potentially accounting for incision rate changes in the fluvial terrace records of Meander and Glen Canyons. The upstream-migrating incision has likely been partitioned into multiple waves across the landscape due to the local geologic controls of lava damming, salt tectonics, and heterogenous bedrock. As baselevel fall from Pliocene Colorado River integration diffuses upstream, it can only account for perhaps a quarter of the total ∼2 km of exhumation in the central Colorado Plateau, demanding an unknown driver for significant erosion in the Pliocene.</p>","PeriodicalId":100067,"journal":{"name":"AGU Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024AV001359","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clear-Sky Convergence, Water Vapor Spectroscopy, and the Origin of Tropical Congestus Clouds 晴空辐合、水蒸气光谱和热带丛云的起源
IF 8.3
AGU Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1029/2024AV001300
Francisco E. Spaulding-Astudillo, Jonathan L. Mitchell
{"title":"Clear-Sky Convergence, Water Vapor Spectroscopy, and the Origin of Tropical Congestus Clouds","authors":"Francisco E. Spaulding-Astudillo,&nbsp;Jonathan L. Mitchell","doi":"10.1029/2024AV001300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024AV001300","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Congestus clouds, characterized by their vertical extent into the middle troposphere, are widespread in tropical regions and play an important role in Earth's climate system. However, fundamental questions regarding their formation and prevalence remain unanswered. Here, we endeavor to answer how congestus cloud tops form by detraining preferentially at altitudes between 5 and 6 km and why this detraining outflow is invigorated by drier mid-tropospheric conditions. We construct a clear-sky radiative-convective framework of congestus cloud-top formation that is grounded in the discovery of an important spectroscopic property of water vapor. In this mass- and energy-conserving framework, convective detrainment maximizes at a height of 5 and 6 km due to a swift decline in radiative cooling in clear-sky regions. This decline is, in turn, a consequence of water vapor spectroscopy: more specifically, a drop in the number of strong absorption lines in the water vapor rotation band. In a simple spectral model, we link this spectroscopic property to the shape of the rotation band, which can be approximated as the product of a power law and a sine wave representing the band's deviation from statistical log-linearity. The characteristic “C”-shaped relative humidity profile in the tropics further strengthens the outflow in drier mid-level conditions by amplifying vertical decreases in the clear-sky cooling rate. Essential to this process are strong RH gradients, which are most pronounced under the driest conditions and induce a vertical decrease in the optical depth lapse rate across the mid-troposphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":100067,"journal":{"name":"AGU Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024AV001300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Global Warming Is Likely Affecting Regional Drought Across Eurasia
IF 8.3
AGU Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1029/2024AV001289
Kate Marvel, Benjamin I. Cook, Edward Cook
{"title":"Global Warming Is Likely Affecting Regional Drought Across Eurasia","authors":"Kate Marvel,&nbsp;Benjamin I. Cook,&nbsp;Edward Cook","doi":"10.1029/2024AV001289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024AV001289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While rising global temperatures have altered global drought risk and are projected to continue to change large-scale hydroclimate, it has proved difficult to detect the influence of external factors on drought-relevant variables at regional scales. In addition to the inherent difficulty in identifying signals in noisy data, detection and attribution studies generally rely on general circulation models, which may fail to accurately capture the characteristics of naturally forced and internal hydroclimate variability. Here, we use a long tree-ring based paleoclimate record of drought to estimate pre-industrial variability in the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), a commonly used metric of drought risk. Using a Bayesian framework, we estimate the temporal and spatial characteristics of hydroclimate variability prior to 1850. We assess whether observed twenty-first century PDSI is compatible with this pre-industrial variability or is better explained by a forced response that scales with the global mean temperature. Our results suggest that global warming likely contributed to dry PDSI in Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean, and Arctic Russia and to wet PDSI in Northern Europe, East-central Asia, and Tibet.</p>","PeriodicalId":100067,"journal":{"name":"AGU Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024AV001289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interplay of Gravity Waves and Disturbance Electric Fields to the Abnormal Ionospheric Variations During the 11 May 2024 Superstorm
IF 8.3
AGU Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1029/2024AV001379
Fuqing Huang, Jiuhou Lei, Xinan Yue, Zhongli Li, Ning Zhang, Yihui Cai, Shun-Rong Zhang, Yihan Wang, Jiahao Zhong, Xiaoli Luan
{"title":"Interplay of Gravity Waves and Disturbance Electric Fields to the Abnormal Ionospheric Variations During the 11 May 2024 Superstorm","authors":"Fuqing Huang,&nbsp;Jiuhou Lei,&nbsp;Xinan Yue,&nbsp;Zhongli Li,&nbsp;Ning Zhang,&nbsp;Yihui Cai,&nbsp;Shun-Rong Zhang,&nbsp;Yihan Wang,&nbsp;Jiahao Zhong,&nbsp;Xiaoli Luan","doi":"10.1029/2024AV001379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024AV001379","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The strongest geomagnetic storm in the preceding two decades occurred in May 2024. Over these years, ground-based observational capabilities have been significantly enhanced to monitor the ionospheric weather. Notably, the newly established Sanya incoherent scatter radar (SYISR) (Yue, Wan, Ning, &amp; Jin, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-022-01684-1), one of the critical infrastructures of the Chinese “Meridian Project,” provides multiple parameter measurements in the upper atmosphere at low latitudes over Asian longitudies. Unique ionospheric changes on superstorm day 11 May were first recorded by the SYISR experiments and the geostationary satellite (GEO) total electron content (TEC) network over the Asian sector. The electron density or TEC displayed wavelike structures rather than a regular diurnal pattern. Surprisingly, two humps, a common feature in the daytime equatorial ionization anomaly structure, disappeared. The SYISR observations revealed that multiple wind surges accompanied the downward phase propagation caused by atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) originating from auroral zones. Meanwhile, strong upward and large downward drifts were respectively observed in the daytime and around sunset. The Thermosphere-Ionosphere Electrodynamics Global Circulation Model (TIEGCM) simulations demonstrated that abnormal ionospheric changes were attributed to meridional wind disturbances associated with AGWs and recurrent penetration electric fields corresponding to larger <i>B</i><sub><i>z</i></sub> southward excursions and disturbance dynamo. The complicated interplay between AGWs and disturbance electric fields contributed to this unique ionospheric variation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100067,"journal":{"name":"AGU Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024AV001379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prediction of Equatorial Plasma Bubble Formation Using Ionosonde Observations From India
IF 8.3
AGU Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1029/2024AV001323
A. K. Patra, S. K. Das
{"title":"Prediction of Equatorial Plasma Bubble Formation Using Ionosonde Observations From India","authors":"A. K. Patra,&nbsp;S. K. Das","doi":"10.1029/2024AV001323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024AV001323","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Prediction of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) is a need of the hour for many modern navigation/communication applications. In this paper, we demonstrate an ionosonde based technique for the prediction of EPB formation overhead and its robustness using a large ionosonde data set, covering diverse solar flux and geomagnetic conditions, from three low-latitude Indian stations, namely, Trivandrum, Sriharikota and Gadanki. The technique relies on localized upwelling at the bottomside <i>F</i> layer, characterized by the second time derivative of the base height of the <i>F</i> layer observed by ionosonde, as the prime criterion deciding whether EPB will be formed overhead or not. Results show that prediction for the formation of EPB over an ionosonde station can be made with an accuracy of 99.86%. The accuracy of prediction of EPB formation over a station using data from a nearby station separated by 3.2° in longitude, however, is found to be only 83.87%, underlining the crucial role of longitudinally localized background ionospheric conditions at the bottom of the <i>F</i> region. We discuss the prospective of the present technique and propose a cost effective approach for developing an effective EPB prediction strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":100067,"journal":{"name":"AGU Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024AV001323","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Subduction Zone Obliquity Dictates Global Trench-Parallel Inner Forearc Deformation
IF 8.3
AGU Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1029/2024AV001468
Kristin D. Morell, Kellan Gilroy, Theron Finley, Nicolas Harrichhausen
{"title":"Subduction Zone Obliquity Dictates Global Trench-Parallel Inner Forearc Deformation","authors":"Kristin D. Morell,&nbsp;Kellan Gilroy,&nbsp;Theron Finley,&nbsp;Nicolas Harrichhausen","doi":"10.1029/2024AV001468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024AV001468","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although subduction zones are characterized by convergence, the upper plates of subduction zones exhibit a diverse range of deformation styles that are often inconsistent with regional convergence. While several theories have been proposed to explain these variations, the underlying factors driving these differences are still not fully understood. In this study, we analyze <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>∼</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${sim} $</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>24,000 km of active global subduction zones around the globe to determine how subduction zone obliquity affects deformation in the trench-parallel and horizontal directions on land above subduction zones. We take advantage of recently published worldwide data sets of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) velocities and global active fault catalogs in order to examine deformation at 13 of the world's forearcs. We analyze deformation over both short (decadal) timescales, captured by GNSS, and long (millennial to million-year) timescales, observed through trench-parallel active forearc faults. The results reveal a strong link between subduction obliquity and both the sense and amount of forearc rotation detected by GNSS, as well as the sense and rate of deformation along trench-parallel strike-slip faults. Unlike previous studies indicating that subduction obliquity affects forearc deformation only beyond a certain threshold, we demonstrate that even low to moderate obliquity significantly influences the observed deformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100067,"journal":{"name":"AGU Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024AV001468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Canopy Temperature Reveals Disparities in Urban Tree Benefits
IF 8.3
AGU Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1029/2024AV001438
Jean V. Wilkening, Xue Feng
{"title":"Canopy Temperature Reveals Disparities in Urban Tree Benefits","authors":"Jean V. Wilkening,&nbsp;Xue Feng","doi":"10.1029/2024AV001438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024AV001438","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Urban trees are increasingly used by cities for cooling and climate adaptation. However, efforts to increase tree cover across cities have neglected to account for the trees' health and function, which are known to control their associated environmental benefits but have been difficult to assess at scales relevant for management. Here, we use remotely sensed, high resolution canopy temperature as a proxy for tree health and function and evaluate its relation to the built environment across Minneapolis-St. Paul (MSP) using machine learning analyses. We develop a new index that incorporates information on urban trees' health and function, in addition to their presence. This index, when applied across MSP, suggests that canopy benefits may not be distributed equally even in neighborhoods with similar canopy cover. Furthermore, accounting for tree health and function can yield more effective and equitable benefits by guiding the location and magnitude of intervention for urban tree management.</p>","PeriodicalId":100067,"journal":{"name":"AGU Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024AV001438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Satellite-Aided Disaster Response
IF 8.3
AGU Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1029/2024AV001395
Julie Rolla, Aditya Khuller, Karen An, Robert Emberson, Eric Fielding, Lori Schultz, Kimberley Miner
{"title":"Satellite-Aided Disaster Response","authors":"Julie Rolla,&nbsp;Aditya Khuller,&nbsp;Karen An,&nbsp;Robert Emberson,&nbsp;Eric Fielding,&nbsp;Lori Schultz,&nbsp;Kimberley Miner","doi":"10.1029/2024AV001395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024AV001395","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing frequency and severity of natural disasters, driven by climate change and anthropogenic activities, pose unprecedented challenges to emergency response agencies worldwide. Satellite remote sensing has become a critical tool for providing timely and accurate data to aid in disaster preparedness, response, and recovery. This Commentary explores the role of satellite remote sensing in managing climate-driven disasters, highlighting the use of technologies such as Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) for creating damage proxy maps. These maps are instrumental in assessing disaster impacts and guiding response efforts, as demonstrated by the 2023 Wildfires in Hawaii. Despite the promise of these tools, challenges remain, including the need for rapid data processing, automation in data pipelines, and robust international collaborations. The future missions composing the Earth System Observatory, including the upcoming NASA-ISRO SAR mission, represents a significant advancement with its global coverage and frequent, detailed measurements. This study emphasizes the importance of continued investment in advanced satellite technologies and international cooperation to enhance disaster response capabilities, ultimately building a more resilient global community.</p>","PeriodicalId":100067,"journal":{"name":"AGU Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024AV001395","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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