Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines最新文献

{"title":"First-in-class drug oroxylin A tablets for treating hepatic and gastrointestinal disorders: from preclinical development to clinical research","authors":"Chengju Luo ,&nbsp;Xuhong Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Gao ,&nbsp;Junyi Yang ,&nbsp;Weiming Fang ,&nbsp;Libin Wei","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60910-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60910-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oroxylin A (OA) is a natural flavonoid primarily derived from the plants <em>Oroxylum indicum</em> and <em>Scutellaria baicalensis</em>. Currently, OA is obtainable through chemical synthesis and exhibits polypharmacological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and multi-organ protective effects. The first-in-class drug OA tablets are presently undergoing phase Ib/IIa clinical trials for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Substantial evidence suggests that OA demonstrates therapeutic potential against various hepatic and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, including HCC, hepatic fibrosis, fatty liver disease, hepatitis, liver injury, colitis, and colorectal cancer (CRC). OA exerts its therapeutic effects primarily by modulating several crucial signaling pathways, including those associated with apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, glucolipid metabolism, and fibrosis activation. The oral pharmacokinetics of OA is characterized by phase II metabolism, hydrolysis, and enterohepatic recycling. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the critical stages involved in the development of OA tablets, presenting a holistic perspective on the progression of this first-in-class drug from preclinical to clinical phases. It encompasses the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological efficacy, toxicology, drug delivery, and recent advancements in clinical trials. Importantly, this review examines the potential mechanisms by which OA may influence the gut-liver axis, hypothesizing that these interactions may confer health benefits associated with OA that transcend the limitations posed by its poor bioavailability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 7","pages":"Pages 801-814"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural diosmin alleviating obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating the activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway","authors":"Can Liu ,&nbsp;Siyu Hao ,&nbsp;Mengdi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xueyu Wang ,&nbsp;Baiwang Chu ,&nbsp;Tingjie Wen ,&nbsp;Ruoyu Dang ,&nbsp;Hua Sun","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60914-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60914-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are linked to numerous chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, and type II diabetes. Previous research identified the natural flavonoid diosmin, derived from <em>Chrysanthemum morifolium</em>, as a regulator of glucose metabolism. However, its effects on lipid metabolism and underlying mechanisms remained unexplored. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway serves a critical function in glucose and lipid metabolism. The relationship between diosmin and the AMPK pathway has not been previously documented. This investigation examined diosmin's capacity to reduce lipid content through AMPK pathway activation in hepatoblastoma cell line G2 (HepG2) and 3T3-L1 cells. The study revealed that diosmin inhibits lipogenesis, indicating its potential as an anti-obesity agent in obese mice. Moreover, diosmin demonstrated effective MASLD alleviation <em>in vivo</em>. These findings suggest that diosmin may represent a promising therapeutic candidate for treating obesity and MASLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 7","pages":"Pages 863-870"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five new meroterpenoids from Rhododendron anthopogonoides and their anti-inflammatory activity","authors":"Mengtian Li ,&nbsp;Norbu Kelsang ,&nbsp;Yongqin Zhao ,&nbsp;Wensen Li ,&nbsp;Feng Zhou ,&nbsp;Pema ,&nbsp;Lu Cui ,&nbsp;Xianjie Bao ,&nbsp;Qian Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Feng ,&nbsp;Minghua Yang","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60850-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60850-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Five meroterpenoids, rhodonoids K–M (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>2</strong>), daurichromene E (<strong>3</strong>), and grifolins A–B (<strong>4</strong>–<strong>5</strong>), together with seven known compounds (<strong>6</strong>–<strong>12</strong>), were isolated from <em>Rhododendron anthopogonoides</em>. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated through comprehensive analysis of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), ultraviolet (UV), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. Their absolute configurations were determined by comparing experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra with computed values. Notably, compounds <strong>1</strong> and <strong>3</strong> demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. These compounds markedly suppressed the mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) while also down-regulating the protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 7","pages":"Pages 881-887"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-microbe co-metabolism system as potential targets: the promising way for natural medicine to treat atherosclerosis","authors":"Yun Wang ,&nbsp;Ziwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Haiping Hao ,&nbsp;Lijuan Cao","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60909-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60909-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The host-microbe co-metabolism system, generating diverse exogenous and endogenous bioactive molecules that influence the host's immune and metabolic functions, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have elucidated the interaction between natural medicines and this co-metabolism system. Upon oral administration, natural medicine ingredients can undergo transformation by gut microbiota, potentially enhancing their bioavailability or anti-atherogenic efficacy. Furthermore, natural medicines can exert anti-atherogenic effects <em>via</em> modulation of endogenous host-microbe co-metabolism. This review presents an updated understanding of the dual association between natural medicines and host-microbe co-metabolites. It explores the critical function of microbial exogenous metabolites derived from natural medicines and uncovers the mechanisms underlying natural medicines’ intervention on key nodes of endogenous host-microbe co-metabolism. These insights may offer new perspectives for cardiovascular disease (CVD) treatment and guide future drug discovery efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 7","pages":"Pages 790-800"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paclitaxel anti-cancer therapeutics: from discovery to clinical use","authors":"Haizheng Yu ,&nbsp;Fen Lan ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhuang ,&nbsp;Qizhang Li ,&nbsp;Lianqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongchang Tian ,&nbsp;Xiao Bu ,&nbsp;Ruibing Chen ,&nbsp;Yingying Gao ,&nbsp;Zhuo Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60833-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60833-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paclitaxel (PTX), a valuable natural product derived from <em>Taxus</em> species, exhibits remarkable anti-cancer properties. It penetrates nanopores in microtubule walls, interacting with tubulin on the lumen surface and disrupting microtubule dynamics, thereby inducing cytotoxic effects in cancer cells. PTX and its derivatives have gained approval for treating various diseases due to their low toxicity, high efficiency, and broad-spectrum application. The widespread success and expanding applications of PTX have led to increased demand, raising concerns about accessibility. Consequently, researchers globally have focused on developing alternative production methods and applying nanocarriers in PTX delivery systems to enhance bioavailability. This review examines the challenges and advancements in PTX sourcing, production, physicochemical properties, anti-cancer mechanisms, clinical applications, trials, and chemo-immunotherapy. It aims to provide a comprehensive reference for the rational development and effective utilization of PTX.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 7","pages":"Pages 769-789"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharides combined with hesperidin exerted the synergistic effect of relieving ulcerative colitis in mice by modulating PI3K/AKT and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways","authors":"Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Quanwei Sun ,&nbsp;Xuefei Xu ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Li ,&nbsp;Wenheng Gao ,&nbsp;Yunlong Li ,&nbsp;Ye Yang ,&nbsp;Dengke Yin","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60913-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60913-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with a complex etiology, characterized by intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction. <em>Platycodon grandiflorus</em> polysaccharides (PGP), the primary component of <em>Platycodon grandiflorus</em>, and hesperidin (Hesp), a prominent active component in <em>Citrus aurantium</em> L. (CAL), have both demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the synergistic effect of PGP combined with Hesp on UC, focusing on the coordinated interaction between the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways. A mouse model of UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and a cell model using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7/IEC6 cells were employed to investigate the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> anti-inflammatory effects of PGP combined with Hesp on UC and its potential mechanism of action. The results indicated that compared to the effects of either drug alone, the combination of PGP and Hesp significantly modulated inflammatory factor levels, inhibited oxidative stress, regulated colonic mucosal immunity, suppressed apoptosis, and restored intestinal barrier function <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. Further <em>in vitro</em> studies revealed that PGP significantly inhibited the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, while Hesp significantly inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The use of inhibitors and activators targeting both pathways validated the synergistic effects of PGP combined with Hesp on the PI3K/AKT and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. These findings suggest that PGP combined with Hesp exhibits a synergistic effect on DSS-induced colitis, potentially mediated through the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/PI3K/AKT and interleukin-6 (IL-6)/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 7","pages":"Pages 848-862"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Withanolide derivatives from Physalis angulata var. villosa and their cytotoxic activities","authors":"Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Jue Yang ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Jin ,&nbsp;Meijun Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaojiang Hao ,&nbsp;Chunmao Yuan ,&nbsp;Ping Yi","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60881-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60881-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive phytochemical investigation of the leaves and twigs of <em>Physalis angulata.</em> var. <em>villosa</em> resulted in the isolation of 23 withanolide derivatives, including one novel 13,20-<em>γ</em>-lactone withanolide derivative (<strong>1</strong>) and three new withanolide derivatives (<strong>2</strong>−<strong>4</strong>). Architecturally, physalinin A (<strong>1</strong>) represents the first identified type B withanolide featuring a 13,20-<em>γ</em>-lactone moiety. The molecular structures of all isolates were elucidated using an integrated approach combining nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and quantum chemical calculations to confirm structural assignments. The antiproliferative activities of all isolated withanolides were evaluated against four human cancer cell lines (HEL, HCT-116, Colo320DM, and MDA-MB-231). Among them, eight derivatives (<strong>2</strong>, <strong>5</strong>–<strong>8</strong>, <strong>14</strong>, <strong>15</strong>, and <strong>23</strong>) exhibited significant inhibitory effects, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 0.18 ± 0.03 to 17.02 ± 0.21 μmol·L⁻¹. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis suggested that the presence of an epoxide ring enhances anticancer activity, potentially through increased reactivity or specific interactions with molecular targets involved in cancer progression. These findings underscore the pharmacological potential of withanolides as promising lead compounds for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 762-768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of Artemisia argyit essential oil on flagellum-mediated Salmonella infections","authors":"Linlin Ding ,&nbsp;Lei Xu ,&nbsp;Na Hu ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Jiazhang Qiu ,&nbsp;Qingjie Li ,&nbsp;Xuming Deng","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60890-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60890-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salmonellosis represents a global epidemic, and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) <em>Salmonella</em> and its sustained transmission worldwide constitutes a significant public health concern. Flagellum-mediated motility serves as a crucial virulence trait of <em>Salmonella</em> that guides the pathogen toward the epithelial surface, enhancing gut colonization. <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil, a traditional herb extract, demonstrates efficacy in treating inflammation-related symptoms and diseases; however, its effects on flagellum assembly and expression mechanisms in anti-<em>Salmonella</em> activity remain inadequately explored. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil addresses <em>Salmonella</em> infections. Network pharmacological analysis revealed that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) <em>Artemisia argyit</em> exhibited anti-<em>Salmonella</em> infection potential and inhibited flagellum-dependent motility. The application of <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil induced notable motility defects through the downregulation of flagellar and fimbriae expression. Moreover, it significantly reduced <em>Salmonella</em>-infected cell damage by interfering with flagellum-mediated <em>Salmonella</em> colonization. <em>In vivo</em> studies demonstrated that <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil administration effectively alleviated <em>Salmonella</em> infection symptoms by reducing bacterial loads, inhibiting interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production, and diminishing pathological injury. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified forty-three compounds in <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil, with their corresponding targets and active ingredients predicted. Investigation of an <em>in vivo</em> model of <em>Salmonella</em> infection using the active ingredient demonstrated that alpha-cedrene ameliorated <em>Salmonella</em> infection. These findings suggest the potential application of <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil in controlling <em>Salmonella</em>, the predominant food-borne pathogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 714-726"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactivity-guided discovery of antiviral templichalasins A‒C from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus templicola","authors":"Teng Cai ,&nbsp;Jingzu Sun ,&nbsp;Wenxuan Chen ,&nbsp;Qiang He ,&nbsp;Baosong Chen ,&nbsp;Yulong He ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanhong Wei ,&nbsp;Hongwei Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Cai","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60880-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60880-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bioactivity-guided isolation of potentially active natural products has been widely utilized in pharmaceutical discovery. In this study, by screening fungal extracts against coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), three new aspochalasins, templichalasins A‒C (<strong>1</strong>‒<strong>3</strong>), along with six known aspochalasins (<strong>4</strong>‒<strong>9</strong>) were isolated from an active extract derived from the endophytic fungus <em>Aspergillus templicola</em> LHWf045. Compound <strong>1</strong> features a unique 5/6/5/7/5 pentacyclic ring system, while compounds <strong>2</strong> and <strong>3</strong> possess unusual 5/6/6/7 tetracyclic skeletons. Their structures were characterized through extensive spectroscopic analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Additionally, we demonstrated that compound <strong>4</strong> can be readily converted into compounds <strong>1</strong>‒<strong>3</strong> under mild acidic conditions and proposed a plausible mechanism for this conversion. Bioactivity evaluation of compounds <strong>1</strong>‒<strong>9</strong> against CVB3 revealed the inhibitory effects of all compounds against the virus. Notably, compound <strong>9</strong> exhibited superior antiviral activity, surpassing the commercial drug ribavirin in selectivity index (SI) value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 754-761"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential therapeutic role of ginsenosides on fibrosis-associated diseases: a review on molecular mechanisms and call for further research","authors":"Mengguang Wei ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Sun ,&nbsp;Lianwen Qi ,&nbsp;Qun Liu","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60817-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60817-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fibrosis is characterized as an aberrant reparative process involving the direct replacement of damaged or deceased cells with connective tissue, leading to progressive architectural remodeling across various tissues and organs. This condition imposes a substantial burden, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. Ginseng (<em>Panax ginseng</em> C. A. Meyer), renowned for its medicinal properties, has been incorporated as a key component in Chinese patent medicines to mitigate fibrotic diseases. Ginsenosides, the primary bioactive compounds in ginseng, have garnered significant attention. Over the past five years, extensive research has explored the pharmaceutical potential of ginsenosides in diverse organ fibrosis conditions, including liver, myocardial, renal, and pulmonary fibrosis. Studies have elucidated that ginsenosides demonstrate potential effects on inflammatory responses stemming from parenchymal cell damage, myofibroblast activation leading to extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and myofibroblast apoptosis or inactivation. Additionally, potential downstream targets and pathways associated with these pathological processes have been identified as being influenced by ginsenosides. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the efficacious treatments utilizing ginsenosides for various tissue fibrosis types and their potential anti-fibrotic mechanisms. Furthermore, it offers a reference for the development of novel candidate drugs for future organ fibrosis therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 673-686"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}