ACS ES&T Air最新文献_第4页

Improving VOC Quantitation Methodology Using Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry

ACS ES&T Air Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.4c0026310.1021/acsestair.4c00263

Benjamin M. Gordon, Jaisree Iyer, Christopher A. Harvey, Daniel A. Mew, Karly D. Knox, Susan A. Carroll, Sarah C. Chinn and Steven A. Hawks*,

{"title":"Improving VOC Quantitation Methodology Using Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Benjamin M. Gordon, Jaisree Iyer, Christopher A. Harvey, Daniel A. Mew, Karly D. Knox, Susan A. Carroll, Sarah C. Chinn and Steven A. Hawks*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.4c0026310.1021/acsestair.4c00263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00263https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00263","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring initial volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations (c0) is an important first step in the development of mass-transport models in diverse fields, including indoor air quality, food packaging, and biocompatibility. Here, we highlight a previously overlooked methodological issue with techniques employing a re-equilibration step and present an improved experiment based on selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). Specifically, the overlooked aspect of these techniques is unaccounted for VOC loss from the sample during the headspace flushing step. Diffusion modeling indicates that this loss can be significant even when the flushing time is a fraction of the diffusion time. To experimentally demonstrate the impact of mass loss during flushing, we compare the initial concentrations of several volatile methyl siloxanes in Sylgard 184 obtained from multiple headspace extraction (MHE) and a real-time extraction method: TD-SIFT-MS. We find that the TD-SIFT-MS method reports higher c0 values than MHE with a lower temperature dependence. A technique like TD-SIFT-MS is advantageous because it does not require numerous lengthy equilibration steps and offers full awareness of the system dynamics over the course of the experiment.","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"2 2","pages":"277–285 277–285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Notable Features of Volatile Chemical Products (VCPs) in China

ACS ES&T Air Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.4c0025010.1021/acsestair.4c00250

Xuemei Wang*, Bin Yuan*, Min Shao, Weihua Chen, Weiwei Hu and Yibo Huangfu,

引用次数: 0

Evaluating Multi-pollutant Impacts of Sulfur Reduction Strategies in the United States: A Cost-Benefit Approach

ACS ES&T Air Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.4c0011410.1021/acsestair.4c00114

Xinran Wu*, Tracey Holloway, Paul Meier and Morgan Edwards,

{"title":"Evaluating Multi-pollutant Impacts of Sulfur Reduction Strategies in the United States: A Cost-Benefit Approach","authors":"Xinran Wu*, Tracey Holloway, Paul Meier and Morgan Edwards, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.4c0011410.1021/acsestair.4c00114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00114https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00114","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity generation units (EGUs) emit a mix of health- and climate-relevant air emissions through coal combustion, with the potential to impact multiple emissions. Previous studies have focused on evaluating the cobenefits of climate policies on air quality, studies that consider how air pollution controls affect carbon emissions remain relatively sparse. To evaluate different emission reduction strategies’ impacts on multiple air pollutants and carbon dioxide (CO2), here we apply a multi-pollutant analysis framework, focused on sulfur dioxide (SO2) controls on coal-fired EGUs in the United States (U.S.). Eighty-nine EGUs without SO2 controls in the contiguous U.S. as of 2020 are identified and investigated. Results show that add-on pollution controls like flue gas desulfurization (FGD) reduce SO2 emissions from coal combustion, but increase emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and CO2. A coal-to-natural gas transition reduces all pollutants except VOCs. A coal-to-renewable transition reduces all studied pollutants. We find that add-on SO2 controls could generate a total annual net benefit of $13.4 billion nationwide when considering a multi-pollutant portfolio of emissions, as compared with $32.9 billion total annual net benefits from coal-to-natural gas transition and $40.5 billion from coal-to-renewable transition. Our results highlight the potential of implementing the multi-pollutant analysis framework to evaluate multi-pollutant emission reduction strategies.","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"2 2","pages":"141–150 141–150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fine Scale Spatial and Temporal Allocation of NOx Emissions from Unconventional Oil and Gas Development Can Result in Increased Predicted Regional Ozone Formation.

ACS ES&T Air Pub Date : 2024-12-30 eCollection Date: 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.4c00077

Mrinali Modi, Yosuke Kimura, Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz, David T Allen

{"title":"Fine Scale Spatial and Temporal Allocation of NOx Emissions from Unconventional Oil and Gas Development Can Result in Increased Predicted Regional Ozone Formation.","authors":"Mrinali Modi, Yosuke Kimura, Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz, David T Allen","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.4c00077","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsestair.4c00077","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of detailed spatial and temporal allocation of unconventional oil and gas development (UOGD) NOx emissions on predicted ozone formation was examined using hydraulic fracturing emissions in the Eagle Ford Shale region of Texas as a case study. Hydraulic fracturing occurs at specific well sites, lasting only 1-2 weeks prior to production. Four scenarios for spatial and temporal allocation of hydraulic fracturing NOx emissions were developed. In one scenario, NOx emissions were evenly distributed to all active wells in the Eagle Ford region, with continuous emissions throughout the year. In other scenarios, NOx emissions from hydraulic fracturing engines in Karnes County were allocated only to fractured wells, with durations ranging from 2 days to 2 weeks. In the month of August, predicted daily maximum of 8 h average (MDA8) O3 concentrations were consistently 6, 8, and 10 ppb higher over wide regions for the two-week, one-week, and two-day emission periods, respectively, compared to the annual county level distribution, demonstrating that detailed spatial and temporal allocation of NOx emissions in regions like the Eagle Ford Shale, with abundant biogenic VOCs, impacts predicted ozone formation.","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"2 2","pages":"130-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fine Scale Spatial and Temporal Allocation of NOx Emissions from Unconventional Oil and Gas Development Can Result in Increased Predicted Regional Ozone Formation

ACS ES&T Air Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.4c0007710.1021/acsestair.4c00077

Mrinali Modi, Yosuke Kimura, Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz and David T. Allen*,

{"title":"Fine Scale Spatial and Temporal Allocation of NOx Emissions from Unconventional Oil and Gas Development Can Result in Increased Predicted Regional Ozone Formation","authors":"Mrinali Modi, Yosuke Kimura, Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz and David T. Allen*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.4c0007710.1021/acsestair.4c00077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00077https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00077","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of detailed spatial and temporal allocation of unconventional oil and gas development (UOGD) NOx emissions on predicted ozone formation was examined using hydraulic fracturing emissions in the Eagle Ford Shale region of Texas as a case study. Hydraulic fracturing occurs at specific well sites, lasting only 1–2 weeks prior to production. Four scenarios for spatial and temporal allocation of hydraulic fracturing NOx emissions were developed. In one scenario, NOx emissions were evenly distributed to all active wells in the Eagle Ford region, with continuous emissions throughout the year. In other scenarios, NOx emissions from hydraulic fracturing engines in Karnes County were allocated only to fractured wells, with durations ranging from 2 days to 2 weeks. In the month of August, predicted daily maximum of 8 h average (MDA8) O3 concentrations were consistently 6, 8, and 10 ppb higher over wide regions for the two-week, one-week, and two-day emission periods, respectively, compared to the annual county level distribution, demonstrating that detailed spatial and temporal allocation of NOx emissions in regions like the Eagle Ford Shale, with abundant biogenic VOCs, impacts predicted ozone formation.Allocating certain emissions from unconventional oil and gas development to specific point sources at the times that the emissions are active can significantly impact predicted ozone formation in some regions.","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"2 2","pages":"130–140 130–140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsestair.4c00077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atmospheric Deposition of Microplastics in South Central Appalachia in the United States. 微塑料在美国阿巴拉契亚中南部的大气沉积。

ACS ES&T Air Pub Date : 2024-12-26 eCollection Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.4c00189

Adam Elnahas, Austin Gray, Jennie Lee, Noora AlAmiri, Nishan Pokhrel, Steve Allen, Hosein Foroutan

{"title":"Atmospheric Deposition of Microplastics in South Central Appalachia in the United States.","authors":"Adam Elnahas, Austin Gray, Jennie Lee, Noora AlAmiri, Nishan Pokhrel, Steve Allen, Hosein Foroutan","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.4c00189","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsestair.4c00189","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increased prevalence of plastic pollution globally, atmospheric deposition of microplastics (MPs) is a significant issue that needs to be better understood to identify potential consequences for human health. This study is the first to quantify and characterize atmospheric MP deposition in the Eastern United States. Passive sampling was conducted at two locations within the Eastern United States, specifically in remote South Central Appalachia, from March to September 2023. Each location had five sampling periods, with collections over a 21 day period. Samples were processed to remove biological material, and the presence of MPs was confirmed using Raman spectroscopy to match particles based on polymer similarity. The relative average atmospheric MP deposition in South Central Appalachia was determined to be 68 MPs m-2 d-1. Most verified MPs were fibers, and the most abundant polymer type identified was poly(ethylene terephthalate) PETE. This study's average MP deposition rate is qualitatively comparable to rates reported in other studies that employed a similar methodology in a similar landscape. Scaling up our measured deposition rate to all of South Central Appalachia, an area of over 94,000 km2 and home to five million people, suggests a yearly MP deposition of approximately 321 metric tonnes. Our study highlights the prevalence of MP deposition in the Eastern United States, providing baseline data for future work to further assess routes of MP introduction.","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"2 1","pages":"64-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atmospheric Deposition of Microplastics in South Central Appalachia in the United States

ACS ES&T Air Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.4c0018910.1021/acsestair.4c00189

Adam Elnahas, Austin Gray, Jennie Lee, Noora AlAmiri, Nishan Pokhrel, Steve Allen and Hosein Foroutan*,

{"title":"Atmospheric Deposition of Microplastics in South Central Appalachia in the United States","authors":"Adam Elnahas, Austin Gray, Jennie Lee, Noora AlAmiri, Nishan Pokhrel, Steve Allen and Hosein Foroutan*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.4c0018910.1021/acsestair.4c00189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00189https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00189","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increased prevalence of plastic pollution globally, atmospheric deposition of microplastics (MPs) is a significant issue that needs to be better understood to identify potential consequences for human health. This study is the first to quantify and characterize atmospheric MP deposition in the Eastern United States. Passive sampling was conducted at two locations within the Eastern United States, specifically in remote South Central Appalachia, from March to September 2023. Each location had five sampling periods, with collections over a 21 day period. Samples were processed to remove biological material, and the presence of MPs was confirmed using Raman spectroscopy to match particles based on polymer similarity. The relative average atmospheric MP deposition in South Central Appalachia was determined to be 68 MPs m–2 d–1. Most verified MPs were fibers, and the most abundant polymer type identified was poly(ethylene terephthalate) PETE. This study’s average MP deposition rate is qualitatively comparable to rates reported in other studies that employed a similar methodology in a similar landscape. Scaling up our measured deposition rate to all of South Central Appalachia, an area of over 94,000 km2 and home to five million people, suggests a yearly MP deposition of approximately 321 metric tonnes. Our study highlights the prevalence of MP deposition in the Eastern United States, providing baseline data for future work to further assess routes of MP introduction.There is currently no research on the atmospheric deposition of microplastics in the Eastern United States. This study quantifies and characterizes atmospheric microplastic deposition at two locations in South Central Appalachia.","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"2 1","pages":"64–72 64–72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsestair.4c00189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143086741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical Health Symptoms and Perceptions of Air Quality among Residents of Smoke-Damaged Homes from a Wildland Urban Interface Fire. 来自野外城市界面火灾的烟雾受损房屋的居民的身体健康症状和空气质量感知。

ACS ES&T Air Pub Date : 2024-12-23 eCollection Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.4c00258

Colleen E Reid, Jessica Finlay, Michael Hannigan, Emma S Rieves, Hannah Walters, Courtney Welton-Mitchell, Christine Wiedinmyer, Joost de Gouw, Katherine Dickinson

{"title":"Physical Health Symptoms and Perceptions of Air Quality among Residents of Smoke-Damaged Homes from a Wildland Urban Interface Fire.","authors":"Colleen E Reid, Jessica Finlay, Michael Hannigan, Emma S Rieves, Hannah Walters, Courtney Welton-Mitchell, Christine Wiedinmyer, Joost de Gouw, Katherine Dickinson","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.4c00258","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsestair.4c00258","url":null,"abstract":"The Marshall Fire was a wildland urban interface (WUI) fire that destroyed more than 1000 structures in two communities in Colorado. High winds carried smoke and ash into an unknown number of buildings that, while not incinerated, were significantly damaged. We aimed to understand whether smoke or ash damage to one's home was associated with physical health impacts of the fire event for people living in and around the fire zone whose homes were not completely destroyed. We analyzed data collected from participants who responded to Wave 1 (six months postfire; N = 642) or Wave 2 (one-year postfire; N = 413) of the Marshall Fire Unified Research Survey. We used self-reported exposure to smells and ash in their homes as measures of exposure and also created spatial exposure measures based on proximity to destroyed structures. Reporting a headache was statistically significantly associated with all exposure metrics (self-reported and spatial proximity), and reporting a strange taste in one's mouth was also significantly associated with having more destroyed buildings within 250 m of the home. Study findings can inform response planning for future WUI fires to protect the health of residents of smoke-damaged homes.","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"2 1","pages":"13-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical Health Symptoms and Perceptions of Air Quality among Residents of Smoke-Damaged Homes from a Wildland Urban Interface Fire

ACS ES&T Air Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.4c0025810.1021/acsestair.4c00258

Colleen E. Reid*, Jessica Finlay, Michael Hannigan, Emma S. Rieves, Hannah Walters, Courtney Welton-Mitchell, Christine Wiedinmyer, Joost de Gouw and Katherine Dickinson,

{"title":"Physical Health Symptoms and Perceptions of Air Quality among Residents of Smoke-Damaged Homes from a Wildland Urban Interface Fire","authors":"Colleen E. Reid*, Jessica Finlay, Michael Hannigan, Emma S. Rieves, Hannah Walters, Courtney Welton-Mitchell, Christine Wiedinmyer, Joost de Gouw and Katherine Dickinson, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.4c0025810.1021/acsestair.4c00258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00258https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00258","url":null,"abstract":"The Marshall Fire was a wildland urban interface (WUI) fire that destroyed more than 1000 structures in two communities in Colorado. High winds carried smoke and ash into an unknown number of buildings that, while not incinerated, were significantly damaged. We aimed to understand whether smoke or ash damage to one’s home was associated with physical health impacts of the fire event for people living in and around the fire zone whose homes were not completely destroyed. We analyzed data collected from participants who responded to Wave 1 (six months postfire; N = 642) or Wave 2 (one-year postfire; N = 413) of the Marshall Fire Unified Research Survey. We used self-reported exposure to smells and ash in their homes as measures of exposure and also created spatial exposure measures based on proximity to destroyed structures. Reporting a headache was statistically significantly associated with all exposure metrics (self-reported and spatial proximity), and reporting a strange taste in one’s mouth was also significantly associated with having more destroyed buildings within 250 m of the home. Study findings can inform response planning for future WUI fires to protect the health of residents of smoke-damaged homes.People with smoke or ash damaged homes reported more physical health symptoms six months postfire than those in nondamaged homes.","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"2 1","pages":"13–23 13–23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsestair.4c00258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143085599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transmission and Distribution Pipeline Leak Identification and Characterization by Walking Survey and Soil Flux Measurements

ACS ES&T Air Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.4c0010910.1021/acsestair.4c00109

Ellis S. Robinson, and , Peter F. DeCarlo*,

{"title":"Transmission and Distribution Pipeline Leak Identification and Characterization by Walking Survey and Soil Flux Measurements","authors":"Ellis S. Robinson,  and , Peter F. DeCarlo*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.4c0010910.1021/acsestair.4c00109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00109https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00109","url":null,"abstract":"We identified fugitive methane (CH4) leaks within natural gas transmission and distribution pipeline rights of way (ROWs) around Pittsburgh, PA, and Baltimore, MD, by means of a walking survey while measuring ambient methane and ethane (C2 H6) mixing ratios. We used the methane time series to determine discrete leaks using a simple algorithm and verified that the methane was fossil in origin via the methane-to-ethane ratio. For transmission ROWs, we found an average of 23 leaks (range of 12 to 47) over 20.1 total km, corresponding to an activity factor (AF) of 1.1 leaks/km (range 0.60 to 2.3 leaks/km). We also quantified total methane emissions for a subset (N = 5) of the identified leaks using a soil flux measurement chamber. The mean leak emission rate (ER) was 172 g/h/leak (range 17 to 452 g/h/leak). Our AF is higher than the Environmental Protection Agency’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory (GHGI) estimate for transmission pipelines, which is 0.02 leaks/km. Our mean ER is also larger than the GHGI estimate for protected steel pipelines (44 g/h/leak). This study provides a model for making AF and ER measurements in vegetated environments with difficult terrain and suggests fugitive emissions from transmission pipelines may be a more significant source of atmospheric methane than is currently outlined in the GHGI.This study presents activity (leaks per km) and emission rates (grams per hour per leak) measurements from natural gas transmission pipelines, which have received very little attention as a source of fugitive methane compared to distribution and gathering pipelines. Our results indicate that transmission pipelines may be a more substantial source of fugitive methane than is suggested by current inventories.","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"2 1","pages":"31–39 31–39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsestair.4c00109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143085611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0