ACS ES&T Air最新文献

{"title":"Nonlinear Thresholds of Meteorological and Chemical Determinants of Summertime Surface Ozone across China, the United States, and Europe","authors":"Xin Song,&nbsp;Pengfei Tian,&nbsp;Zeren Yu,&nbsp;Shuhua Zeng,&nbsp;Yifei Zhang,&nbsp;Weiming An,&nbsp;Jiening Liang,&nbsp;Xianjie Cao,&nbsp;Min Chen,&nbsp;Yan Ren,&nbsp;Jiayun Li,&nbsp;Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.6c00228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00228","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Surface ozone (O₃) poses significant threatsto humanhealth, ecosystems, and climate. In recent years, summertime ozonepollution has remained severe in China and has shown emerging risksworldwide, creating urgent pressure for more effective early warningand region-specific mitigation. Yet thresholds of key meteorologicaland chemical drivers controlling surface ozone pollution remain poorlyconstrained, and the mechanisms underlying regional differences indominant drivers are not fully understood. Here, we combine interpretablemachine learning, Double Machine Learning, and high versus low O₃ composite diagnostics to identify dominant drivers controllingsurface ozone pollution, quantify region-specific thresholds, andinterpret the underlying formation regimes of summertime maximum daily8 h average ozone (MDA8 O₃) across China, the United States,and Europe. Results reveal that meteorological predictors make thelargest absolute SHAP contribution to summertime MDA8 O₃ in most regions, whereas aerosol-related predictors rank secondin many regions and first among predictor groups in the Pearl RiverDelta. Our approach further identifies region-specific threshold combinationsassociated with elevated MDA8 O₃ and conditional exceedanceprobabilities. High O₃ days consistently occur under hot,dry, weakly cloudy, low-precipitation, and strongly irradiated conditions,but the chemical and dynamical pathways differ substantially amongregions.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"3 10","pages":"2781–2797"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149152842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke: A Systematic Review of Evidence for Its Persistence, Identification, and Effects in the Indoor Environment","authors":"Yunfei Jia,&nbsp;Jenna C. Ditto","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.5c00143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00143","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tobaccosmoke can affect indoor air quality on both short and longtime scales. Active tobacco smoking and secondhand smoke exposureare known to be harmful to human health and to degrade indoor environmentalquality. The potential effects of thirdhand tobacco smoke (THS) onhealth and indoor air are less well characterized. This review summarizesfield measurements and laboratory research to highlight the ubiquity,persistence, and evolution of THS in indoor environments. We assessindoor nicotine concentrations across air, dust, and surfaces andpropose nicotine thresholds to classify indoor environments independentof self-reported smoking designation. Frequently reported THS tracersand biomarkers are evaluated to support targeted THS monitoring andexposure assessment. We examine major THS exposure pathways and exposurelevels from a metabolic perspective, informed by finger nicotine measurements.We discuss the environmental effects of THS, including chemical transformationsand transport. Finally, we evaluate remediation strategies and identifykey opportunities to advance the field of THS research.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"3 10","pages":"2461–2483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149152912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary Aerosol Formation and Potential Reaction Pathways of the Photooxidation of Dimethyl Selenide with and without NOx","authors":"Erin R. Bowey,&nbsp;Linhui Tian,&nbsp;Lillian Tran,&nbsp;Alexa Canchola,&nbsp;Stephanie Salas,&nbsp;Michael Lum,&nbsp;Yumeng Cui,&nbsp;Ying Zhou,&nbsp;James Davies,&nbsp;Don Collins,&nbsp;Ying-Hsuan Lin,&nbsp;Roya Bahreini","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.6c00127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oncemethylated selenium (Se) compounds such as dimethyl selenide(DMSe) are emitted into the troposphere by marine or terrestrial plantsand microbes, they are subject to photooxidation by OH radicals duringthe day. It has been reported that atmospheric processing of thesecompounds can produce oxidized organic and inorganic gaseous pollutantsand Se-containing secondary aerosol particles. However, the detailsof the involved reactions and their dependence on other pollutantssuch as NO_<em>x</em>, the intermediate and productidentities, and chemical properties of the resulting aerosol remainunderstudied, limiting our ability to accurately predict their environmentalfate, transport, and impacts. This study aims to investigate the identitiesof gas- and particle-phase reaction products as well as the bulk propertiesof the aerosol particles generated by DMSe oxidation by OH radicalsin an environmental chamber, in the absence or presence of NO_<em>x</em>, using a suite of on- and offline mass spectrometrytechniques. Differences in particle number concentration and observedproducts were shown between the two conditions. Identified productsincluded but are not limited to inorganics such as selenium dioxide(SeO₂), selenous acid (H₂SeO₃), andselenic acid (H₂SeO₄) under both oxidative conditions,as well as organics such as dimethyl selenone ((CH₃)₂SeO₂), methaneselenonic acid (CH₄SeO₃), and hydroperoxymethylselenoformate (HPMSeF) by OH-dominatedoxidation, and nitrogen-containing species such as CHSeNO₄ and CH₃SeNO₅ only under the NO_<em>x</em>-influenced oxidation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"3 10","pages":"2562–2577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aqueous Photochemistry of Pyruvic Acid: H2O2 Formation and Enhanced SO2-to-Sulfate Conversion","authors":"Yu Lu,&nbsp;Beibei Liu,&nbsp;Lingdong Kong,&nbsp;Lianghai Xia,&nbsp;Yixuan An,&nbsp;Yuwen Wang,&nbsp;Jie Tan,&nbsp;Lin Wang","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.6c00239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00239","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Secondaryorganic aerosols (SOAs) influence atmospheric chemistryand climate, yet the contributions of small-molecular organic acidsin SOAs to atmospheric oxidation remain unclear. Pyruvic acid (PA),a ubiquitous secondary ketoacid in both gas and aqueous phases, hasbeen widely studied for aqueous photolysis, with most research focusingon SOA formation and influencing factors. However, their roles inatmospheric H₂O₂ production and sulfate aerosolformation have received limited attention. Here, we investigate aqueousPA photochemistry and its influence on SO₂ oxidation. Inthe presence of O₂, ultraviolet (UV) light, visible light,and sunlight all initiated PA photolysis and produced reactive oxygenspecies (ROS), including H₂O₂. The generatedH₂O₂ was directly linked to enhanced aqueousSO₂ oxidation and sulfate production in our experimentalsystems. Control experiments further show that the triplet excitedstate ³PA* cannot make a dominant contribution to sulfateformation, as it cannot directly and effectively oxidize S(IV) species.Instead, SO₂ oxidation is mainly driven by the ROS producedby the secondary reactions of ³PA* in the presence of O₂ and PA. These findings reveal that the aqueous PA photochemistrycan produce H₂O₂ and enhance sulfate formation,suggesting a possible atmospheric oxidizing contribution warrantingfurther investigation in cloud, fog, and aerosol systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"3 10","pages":"2798–2810"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149152957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighborhood-Scale O3, NO2, and PM2.5 in Washington, D.C. from a 1 × 1 km2 WRF–SMOKE–CMAQ Framework","authors":"Hoda Hallaji,&nbsp;Siqi Ma,&nbsp;Daniel Q. Tong,&nbsp;Lucas R. F. Henneman","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.6c00155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00155","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Quantifying air pollution concentrations at fine spatialscalesis important for resolving intra-urban exposure variability and identifyingsources that disproportionately impact population groups across locations.We developed a neighborhood-scale resolution (1 × 1 km²) WRF–SMOKE–CMAQ modeling framework to characterizeO₃, NO₂, and PM_2.5 concentrationsin Washington, D.C. in 2017. In evaluations against EPA Air QualitySystem observations and the National Climatic Data Center meteorologicaldata, WRF reproduced the temporal variability of temperature and specifichumidity with reasonable agreement (average <em>r</em> = 0.8and 0.7, respectively), although biases varied across seasons. CMAQreproduced seasonal and diurnal patterns of O₃ and PM_2.5 with r up to 0.7 for hourly O₃, though NO₂ was negatively biased (−14% to −29%), reflectingchallenges in resolving near-road gradients. We identified pronouncedintra-urban concentration variability of NO₂, whose coefficientof variation was greater than that of O₃ and more thanof three times that of PM_2.5. O₃ concentrationswere lower in all months by 4% to 11% in the urban core compared tooutside the urban core due to NO_<em>x</em> titration/inhibition.Relative to 4 × 4 km² resolution, 1 × 1 km² simulations increased population-weighted exposure (PWE)for O₃ (+0.5% to +1.5%) but decreased PWE for NO₂ (−3% to −6%) and PM_2.5 (−1.5% to−3%). VOC/NO_<em>x</em> ratios indicatedpredominantly NO_<em>x</em>-saturated chemistrywithin the urban core. This work presents the value and the remainingchallenges of high-resolution regional air quality modeling in heterogeneousurban settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"3 10","pages":"2640–2653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Airborne Fungal Diversity in Nunavik Housing Using Activated Air Sampling","authors":"Cindy Dumais,&nbsp;Marc Veillette,&nbsp;Spyros Efthymiopoulos,&nbsp;Florent Rossi,&nbsp;Simon Hunt,&nbsp;Boualem Ouazia,&nbsp;Ioanna Ioannou,&nbsp;Wenping Yang,&nbsp;Yasemin Didem Aktas,&nbsp;Caroline Duchaine","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.6c00156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00156","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Airborne fungi are key components of indoor bioaerosolsand playan important role in indoor air quality; however, the indoor microbiotain Arctic and subarctic homes remains poorly characterized. Here,we characterized fungal bioaerosols in 56 residential buildings inNunavik, Québec, Canada, using an activated air sampling approachcombined with ITS2 amplicon-based sequencing. Activated air samplingconsists of resuspending settled dust and mixing airborne particlesprior to collection to capture a more representative indoor fungalburden. To our knowledge, this is the first study combining activatedair sampling and ITS2 sequencing to describe indoor airborne fungaldiversity in Nunavik dwellings. Our findings revealed seasonal variationsin air samples, with richness and diversity significantly lower inwinter compared to summer. Seasonal differences in fungal communitieslikely reflect a combination of environmental and building-relatedfactors, including variations in hygrothermal conditions, ventilationpatterns, outdoor air exchange, and occupant activities. The distinctivecharacteristics of Nunavik dwellings may further contribute to theseasonal structuring of fungal communities. These findings improveunderstanding of indoor airborne fungal dynamics in subarctic housingand underscore the importance of considering northern-specific housingand climatic conditions in indoor air quality assessments. To ourknowledge, this work provides the first sequencing-based characterizationof airborne fungal communities in Nunavik dwellings using activatedair sampling. The findings highlight the importance of seasonalityand subarctic-specific housing characteristics on indoor fungal bioaerosoldynamics. This work improves understanding of fungal bioaerosols innorthern housing and provides a foundation for future indoor air qualityassessments in subarctic and Arctic communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"3 10","pages":"2710–2720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149152970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Trends in Methane Emissions from Landfills through Repeat Aerial Surveys","authors":"Adithya Srikanth,&nbsp;Shannon Stokes,&nbsp;Shuting Yang,&nbsp;Arvind P. Ravikumar","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.6c00089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00089","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Landfills contribute 18% of all anthropogenic methaneemissionsin the US. While prior work has shown that official inventories underestimatelandfill methane emissions compared to measurements, no systematicstudy of the spatiotemporal variation in landfill emissions exists.In this work, we report on results from quarterly, source-resolved,aerial methane measurements across 46 landfills in the AppalachianBasin. While total landfill emissions were found to be consistentacross all surveys, we observe significant variability in emissionsfrom individual landfills, with total annual emissions of 76028 ±1437 t per year. Local rainfall events up to a week before surveysresulted in approximately 29% higher emissions. We see that methaneemissions can be empirically predicted based on the annual rate ofbulk waste disposed, providing an independent method to validate fieldmeasurements. In addition, landfills with renewable natural gas facilitieswere the highest emitters but had the lowest emissions intensity (permetric ton of bulk waste disposed). We estimate a mean measurement-informedlandfill gas collection efficiency of 53 ± 1.9%, significantlylower than the mean reported value of 81%. Our findings underscorethe need to update reporting methods that account for measured datato improve the accuracy of landfill methane emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"3 10","pages":"2538–2548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Daily Taxon-Specific Tree Pollen at a 1-km Resolution in Atlanta, GA from 2020 to 2024","authors":"Xueying Zhang,&nbsp;Wenhao Wang,&nbsp;Yohei Saburi,&nbsp;Hannah R. Paduch,&nbsp;Zhihao Jin,&nbsp;Kai Zhu,&nbsp;Yang Liu","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.6c00218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00218","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Whiletree pollen is a major trigger of respiratory allergies,the lack of high-resolution, taxon-specific exposure data has limitedour ability to identify local taxa. Traditional pollen monitoringnetworks rely heavily on human efforts, thereby being limited to onesite per city. In this study, we leveraged pollen measurements froma monitoring network equipped with automated sensors at eight samplingsites across Atlanta, Georgia, and developed a modeling frameworkintegrating atmospheric dispersion, phenology, and machine learning(Random Forest, XGBoost, and ensemble) to predict daily concentrations(grains/m³) of 13 tree taxa at a 1-km resolution from 2020to 2024. Model performance was evaluated using random 10-fold cross-validation(CV), leave-one-site-out (LOSO) CV, and external validation againstmeasurements from a colocated Rotorod sampler. XGBoost showed higher <em>R</em>² than other models, and the median 10-foldCV <em>R</em>² for pollen season was 0.64 (ranged0.21 to 0.93) across study taxa and years. The <em>R</em>²<em>s</em> were lower for the nonpollen season (0.28)and LOSO–CV (0.31), but the Emory site (0.61) and <em>Pinus</em> taxa (0.76) retained higher <em>R</em>²<em>s</em>. The median Spearman <em>R</em> between our predictionsand the Rotorod sampler was 0.40 (&lt;0 to 0.87). These validationanalyses highlighted the importance of site locations for future automatedpollen monitoring and modeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"3 10","pages":"2732–2743"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 25-Year Spatiotemporal and Human Health Impact Assessment of NO2 Pollution in India – Towards a Tiered Management Strategy","authors":"Ramkesav Shibu,&nbsp;Ajay Sundaresan Vasanthi,&nbsp;Thomas M. Kanthappally,&nbsp;Prathish Krishna Pillai","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.6c00198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00198","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nitrogendioxide (NO₂), a primary byproduct of fossilfuel combustion, is a robust proxy for local combustion intensityand anthropogenic activity. The present study compiled a ground-basedNO₂ dataset spanning 2000–2025 by integrating literature-derivedmeasurements with recent national continuous monitoring records. Applicationof unsupervised machine learning to the multi-decadal dataset identifiedfive distinct urban pollution typologies, capturing heterogeneoustemporal trajectories ranging from stabilizing urban baselines topersistent industrial hotspots. Comparison with a national land-useregression model showed substantial city-level discordance and indicatedthat ground observations remain important for characterizing localizedconcentration peaks and regulatory non-attainment. The BenMAP-CE assessmentestimated that in 2023, while compliance with the Indian NO₂ standard could avoid 8,219 premature deaths, adherence to the stricterWHO guideline could have prevented 233,983 deaths─implyingthat approximately 97% of the modelled mortality burden lies in regionsclassified as compliant under current national regulations. Theseresults, integrated within a single observation-based framework, supporta stratified, risk-based regulatory strategy─absolute emissioncaps for volatile industrial zones and preservation targets for emergingurban centers─for addressing pollution-attributable mortalityin developing economies.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"3 10","pages":"2684–2698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Statistical Relationship between Satellite Data and PM2.5 Monitoring Data to Assess Smoke Exposures from the 2025 LA Wildfires","authors":"Brian Schlaff,&nbsp;Sam J. Silva,&nbsp;Karen McKinnon,&nbsp;Yan Lu,&nbsp;Jiachen Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.6c00136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00136","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The January 2025 Los Angeles (LA) fires burned over 50,000acres,destroyed over 18,000 structures, and killed 31 people, marking themas one of the worst natural disasters in California’s history.In addition to the visible damage they had wreaked, the fires impactedsurface air quality and exposed residents of the LA region to numeroushazardous air pollutants from burning human-made structures and materials.Given the severity of the fires and their location within the mostpopulated county in the U.S., it is critical to understand the extentof ground-level smoke exposure. More specifically for health assessment,it can be necessary to assess the increased exposure to air pollutantsassociated with smoke events. Here, we investigate the relationshipbetween satellite data and PM_2.5 monitoring data to assesssmoke exposures from the 2025 LA wildfires throughout the region.Specifically, we use the satellite-based NOAA Hazard Mapping System(HMS) smoke product and surface PM_2.5 data from both regulatorymonitors and low-cost PurpleAir sensors. We assess the statisticalsignificance of mean PM_2.5 concentrations on days withobserved HMS smoke plumes aloft compared to the mean PM_2.5 of days with no smoke plume. Additionally, we assess for potentialsmoke-impacted days missed by the HMS satellite smoke product. Weestimate that the smoke from these fires led to between 7.21 and 7.44million people exposed to elevated PM_2.5, with approximately2.18 million people exposed to at least 1 day with a daily mean PM_2.5 concentration above 55.5 μg/m³, the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency’s Air Quality Index thresholdfor unhealthy air. Further, we demonstrate the importance of carefulstatistical treatment of data, including accounting for multiple hypothesistesting, when using multiple near-real-time data products for smokeexposure assessment. For the LA fires specifically, our work suggeststhat combining all the HMS smoke product data, including light densitypolygons, with surface stations can provide valuable information onthe spatial extent of ground-level smoke exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"3 10","pages":"2604–2615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}