Elsevier最新文献

{"title":"Expression of concern: \"Hydrogen-rich saline improves memory function in a rat model of amyloid-beta-induced Alzheimer's disease by reduction of oxidative stress\" [BRAIN RES, Volume 1328 (2010) 152-161].","authors":"Jian Li, Cai Wang, John H Zhang, Jian-Mei Cai, Yun-Peng Cao, Xue-Jun Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149685","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1861 ","pages":"149685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of concern: \"Sulforaphane protects brains against hypoxic-ischemic injury through induction of Nrf2-dependent phase 2 enzyme\" [BRAIN RES, Volume 1343 (2010) 178-185].","authors":"Zhang Ping, Wenwu Liu, Zhimin Kang, Jianmei Cai, Qiusha Wang, Ni Cheng, Sujian Wang, Shizhong Wang, John H Zhang, Xuejun Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149686","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1861 ","pages":"149686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling misunderstandings: A farmer-led approach to improve the usability of multi-decadal climate services","authors":"Stephen Snow ,&nbsp;Aysha Fleming ,&nbsp;Yuwan Malakar ,&nbsp;Emma Jakku ,&nbsp;Simon Fielke ,&nbsp;Rebecca Darbyshire ,&nbsp;Graham Bonnett","doi":"10.1016/j.cliser.2025.100593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cliser.2025.100593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Future climate projections are incorporated into a growing number of interactive online platforms, changing the way users interact with climate information. Motivated by user-centred research, this paper bridges the micro-level considerations of interface design, usability, comprehension and interpretation with more macro-level interaction design concerns, including adoption. We examine users’ understanding and navigation of short-term <em>weather</em> websites relative to longer-term <em>climate</em> projections. Focusing on farmers’ first impressions of a multi-decadal climate service, called My Climate View, we detail how they used and interpreted the interface and highlight where misunderstandings occurred. Our findings show how: (a) Users’ experience of climate projections are shaped by past experiences, including local knowledge and weather knowledge. (b) Misunderstandings of data, although uncommon, can severely undermine perceived usefulness and trust and can occur despite users reporting satisfactory interface usability. These findings underscore how usability and comprehension research can extend broader social science work on technology acceptance, behaviour and social connections. We provide suggestions for the design of online multi-decadal climate services that seek to maximise usefulness and usability and minimise misunderstandings of the information they provide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51332,"journal":{"name":"Climate Services","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100593"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping carbon stock and growth of individual street trees using LiDAR-camera fusion-based mobile mapping system","authors":"Tackang Yang ,&nbsp;Youngryel Ryu ,&nbsp;Ryoungseob Kwon ,&nbsp;Changhyun Choi ,&nbsp;Zilong Zhong ,&nbsp;Yunsoo Nam ,&nbsp;Seongwoo Jo","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2025.114895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rse.2025.114895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban street trees account for a significant fraction of trees in urban areas, yet the amount and changes of their carbon stocks remain largely unexamined. This study introduces a framework utilizing a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)-camera fusion-based Mobile Mapping System (MMS) to estimate carbon stocks in individual street trees regularly. This system allows repetitive and simultaneous collection of species information and structural parameters on a city-wide scale, enabling the estimation of carbon stock and its change. The framework comprises two principal components: the detection of individual street trees and the estimation of their respective carbon stocks. To detect individual street trees, we initially employed image-based deep learning model to diminish the effort needed in constructing point cloud training data and designing a universal rule applicable to complex and diverse urban streetscapes. In the carbon stock estimation phase, we used species-specific allometric equations based on species information derived from YOLOv3 and Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) measurements from trunk point cloud circle fitting. The proposed individual street tree detection method achieved an F1-score of 81.9 %, precision of 86.3 %, and recall of 78.5 % in city-scale experiments. Additionally, the Root Mean Square Error for the estimates of DBH and tree height (H) was 3.2 cm (11.4 %) and 1.8 m (18.3 %), respectively. Repeated acquisitions between two years revealed the median change of H, DBH, and carbon stock as 0.4 m yr⁻¹, 1.4 cm yr⁻¹, and 27.1 kgC yr⁻¹, respectively. Applying our method in most vehicle accessible streets in Suwon, Republic of Korea, we mapped 34,124 street trees, revealing a total carbon stock of 6.18 GgC. These results underscore the accuracy and scalability of the framework, highlighting its potential to facilitate efficient urban carbon management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":417,"journal":{"name":"Remote Sensing of Environment","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 114895"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical management of the giant scrotal lymphedema: A case report at a tertiary facility in northern Tanzania","authors":"Donald Dominick Lema ,&nbsp;Bartholomeo Nicholaus Ngowi ,&nbsp;Orgeness Jasper Mbwambo ,&nbsp;Frank Bright ,&nbsp;Daniel Mwakibibi ,&nbsp;Alex Mremi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Scrotal lymphedema is a chronic lymphatic disorder characterised by swelling of the scrotum due to lymphatic obstruction, often caused by filarial infection, malignancy, or inguinal surgery. This condition can lead to fibrosis, functional impairment, and recurrent infections. Treatment mainly involves surgical intervention. The presence of pan-urethral warts, as seen in this rare case, complicates management.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 38-year-old Maasai man presented with chronic, massive penoscrotal lymphedema following childhood bilateral inguinal surgery. He developed a secondary infection, requiring surgical debridement and definitive scrotoplasty. Histology confirmed scrotal lymphedema without malignancy. Subsequently, excision of elephantoid skin and genital reconstruction was done and later on, the genital warts were excised and 5 % imiquimod cream was applied to clear the lesions. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, with good functional and cosmetic outcomes maintained at the six-month follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical discussion</h3><div>Genital lymphedema rarely occurs together with genital warts but may do so due to local immune impairment in lymphedematous skin. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, with histological confirmation of the findings. Management involves surgical excision. Delayed presentation for these patients extends the treatment and recovery period.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Scrotal lymphedema is characterised by an enlargement of the scrotum due to lymphatic obstruction, often linked to filariasis or surgery. It rarely occurs with genital warts, suggesting local immune compromise in such cases and requiring a combined approach of surgical and medical management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48113,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 111622"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of laser-induced breakdown spectrometry for elemental mapping in fish-mint plant (Houttuynia cordata Thunb.) leaves exposed to iron","authors":"Leon de Oliveira Lima ,&nbsp;Aline Pereira de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Higor Bolignano de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Cassiana Seimi Nomura ,&nbsp;Juliana Naozuka","doi":"10.1016/j.talanta.2025.128552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talanta.2025.128552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) emerges as a rapid, direct analysis method requiring minimal or no sample preparation. In plant science, LIBS adds another interesting applicability, which is the possibility to obtain spatial distribution information through elemental mapping. Spatial distribution allows to verify the uptake, translocation and accumulation of elements in different plant parts, resulting in studies of metabolic pathways and phytotoxicity studies. In front of this, in this work, seedlings of <em>Houttuynia cordata</em> Thunb. (<em>dokudami,</em> or fish-mint plant) were exposed via foliar application to solution of 600 μg L⁻¹ of Fe (Fe(NO₃)₃∙9H₂O). The total concentration of Ca, Fe, K, and Mg in the control and Fe-exposed leaves were determined by ICP OES after digestion using microwave oven and diluted oxidant mixture. The elemental mapping by LIBS covered the entire abaxial surface of the leaf with 1.5 mm of distance between the ablation points, considering a predefined point-to-point pattern. The emission intensities in each region were used to elemental mapping construction. The emission intensity of C (247.856 nm) was applied as a correction standard. The Fe exposition promoted the Ca and K accumulation, while reducing Mg levels. The elemental variation was observed by LIBS mapping, revealing applicability in biological, as well as nutritional and toxicity studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":435,"journal":{"name":"Talanta","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 128552"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-scooters and public transit: unveiling the conditions for a connection using trip and survey data","authors":"Maha Ahmad ,&nbsp;Hossain Mohiuddin ,&nbsp;Kailai Wang ,&nbsp;Andrea Broaddus ,&nbsp;Mike Fortier ,&nbsp;Giovanni Circella","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2025.101090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2025.101090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shared e-scooters have become a popular alternative for short trips and can serve as a first- and last-mile connector to transit. This study investigates the factors motivating e-scooter users to connect to public transit through the analysis of 48,301 e-scooter trips in 20 US cities. While most e-scooter studies, to date, rely on geo-spatial assumptions to assess whether a transit connection was made, this study uses rider survey data where users reported transit connections upon ending their e-scooter trip. Presented during the parking process, the rider survey asked when the decision to use the e-scooter was made. Responses were analyzed using a binary logit model on the decision to use e-scooters in connection to transit. The model includes urban and built environment characteristics to control for heterogeneity across urban spaces. People who decide to use an e-scooter spontaneously are found to be more likely to connect to transit than those who plan their trip in advance. This research provides novel insights into modal substitution, demonstrating how an e-scooter trip may substitute for just a portion of a transit trip rather than the full trip. Respondents were segmented into four groups based on their propensity for connecting with public transit: complements (20.5%), substitutes (3.2%), no interaction (72.9%), and mixed effects (3.3%). Trips that substituted for transit averaged 1.82 miles, a statistically significant longer distance than those complementing transit trips or that had no transit interaction. We conclude that these trips may otherwise have been made by rideshare, and previous assessments have overestimated the modal substitution of e-scooters for transit. Among the 6.5% of trips for which respondents say they would have used transit if e-scooters were not available, approximately half connected to transit before/after using the e-scooter, suggesting a more nuanced adjustment in how e-scooters complement the use of transit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101090"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Powering fairness in climate adaptation capabilities: Evaluating the influence of air conditioning rebates in a hot climate","authors":"Kester Wade ,&nbsp;Destenie Nock ,&nbsp;Xue Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Assisting households with maintaining adequate energy supply is one method for improving overall quality of life. Households experiencing energy insecurity may be unable to afford to use energy for necessary services at home (e.g., unable to purchase air conditioners). Energy efficiency (EE) can reduce energy costs for low-income households–requiring less energy for essential activities. While existing research has identified the groups that are less likely to participate in energy efficiency programs, there is limited research on how participation impacts energy insecurity among vulnerable households when they participate.</div><div>Using over 138,000 households in Tallahassee, Florida we study participants in a neighborhood program that targeted underserved communities. We conduct quasi-experimental difference-in-difference comparisons for seasonal energy consumption, energy bills, and energy burden during the cooling season in response to air conditioning (AC) appliance purchases. We compare impacts for households in the program (REACH) and higher income non-REACH qualified households.</div><div>We find that REACH homes, on average, save approximately 300kWh-eq on energy or $25 seasonally after purchasing an AC unit. While AC rebates reduce seasonal energy burden by 0.6 % in non-REACH homes, there is no statistically significant change in seasonal energy burden for REACH homes. The difference in energy reduction between REACH and non-REACH qualified homes could be due to increases in AC use among REACH homes after rebates. Further work could explore this trend of potential increases in efficient appliance use among low-income homes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104204"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ChatGPT-4.0 and DeepSeek-R1 does not yet provide clinically supported answers for knee osteoarthritis","authors":"Haodong Wu ,&nbsp;Shuxin Yao ,&nbsp;Huanli Bao ,&nbsp;Yishun Guo ,&nbsp;Chao Xu ,&nbsp;Jianbing Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.knee.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.knee.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT-4.0 and DeepSeek-R1 provide advanced natural language capabilities, but they also raise concerns regarding accuracy in medical applications. There is a lack of systematic evaluation of their performance against orthopedic guidelines, particularly for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This study assessed the accuracy and consistency of these LLMs in relation to the most recent Chinese clinical practice guidelines for KOA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Queries regarding 17 guideline-recommended KOA therapeutic strategies were posed to ChatGPT-4.0 and DeepSeek-R1. Two independent reviewers evaluated response concordance (Concordance, Discordance, or No Concordance) with guidelines. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient. A chi-square test was employed to compare the response patterns between the two models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ChatGPT-4.0 showed 59 % concordance; DeepSeek-R1 achieved 71 %. Both models gave inconsistent recommendations for ozone therapy and arthroscopy. ChatGPT-4.0 had five inconsistent responses; DeepSeek-R1 had three. Inter-rater agreement was high (κ = 0.90 and 0.86). No significant difference was found in concordance rates (P = 0.7; P = 1). Only DeepSeek-R1 provided references (38 in total), but just 8 were fully verifiable.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Neither ChatGPT-4.0 nor DeepSeek-R1 consistently produced responses aligned with evidence-based clinical guidelines. These findings highlight the need for cautious interpretation of medical advice generated by current AI platforms, both by clinicians and patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56110,"journal":{"name":"Knee","volume":"56 ","pages":"Pages 386-396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse Hall-Petch and nanocrystal-amorphous transition of broad-spectrum W content NiW alloys","authors":"Zhifei Yu ,&nbsp;Shaojia Shi ,&nbsp;Xingwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Zesheng You ,&nbsp;Yonghao Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fabricating metallic materials with grain sizes below 10 nm, particularly in the range between 2.4 and 7.2 nm, poses a challenge. However, it is crucial to accurately identify Hall-Petch breakdown within this range. Moreover, there are differing opinions regarding the change in strength that occurs when nanocrystals transform into amorphous materials. This study involved the electroplating preparation of amorphous or nanometer NiW coatings spanning 1.9–15.8 nm by adjusting current density and temperature. The microstructure under tungsten atoms solid solution was characterized and measured surface hardness. The results revealed that the tungsten solid solution in FCC Ni alloy refines grain size and the strength follows the Hall-Patch relationship while the hardness of nanocrystal NiW alloy with 12.3 at% W regional maximum at 7.79 GPa at the critical point of 5.9 nm, significantly surpassing the 5.29 GPa hardness of pure nickel at 22.0 nm. After that, reverse Hall-Petch abnormal phenomenon begin. The annealed alloy of Ni-15.0 at% W had the similar trend and critical point at 5.0 nm. Following the transformation into an amorphous state, hardness further rises, reaching a pinnacle of 8.95 GPa of Ni-20.9 at%W. The values of solid solution hardening under various content of tungsten atoms were calculated. It suggests that the solid solution limitation of nanocrystal NiW which grain size bellowed 10.0 nm expanded. After removing the hardening by atoms solid solution, the similar Hall-Petch breakdown phenomenon was observed while the critical point was expansion offset to 8.6 nm which was approaching the critical point of nickel electrodeposited coating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148774"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}