Chinese clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Adjuvant CDK4/6 inhibitors and novel therapies in early breast cancer: lessons from monarchE overall survival data.","authors":"Tatsunori Shimoi","doi":"10.21037/cco-2026-1-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-2026-1-0004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"15 3","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Back to the future: \"7+3\" joins the venetoclax plus intensive chemotherapy movement.","authors":"Michael Canonico, Somedeb Ball","doi":"10.21037/cco-2026-1-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-2026-1-0021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"15 3","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network pharmacology of Sijunzi decoction in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Rujia Zheng, Qitai Chen, Mengting Zhang, Xishan Yang, Yi Zang, Zhe Zhang","doi":"10.21037/cco-2025-1-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-2025-1-174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) commonly used for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but its mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates its molecular basis using network pharmacology and molecular docking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Active compounds and targets of SJZD were identified via Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) Database and Analysis Platform, and PDAC-related targets were retrieved from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and GeneCards. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, Gene Ontology (GO)/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and tissue distribution analyses were conducted. Molecular docking evaluated binding affinities between compounds and targets. The anti-PDAC effects of SJZD were evaluated in vitro using human pancreatic cancer cell lines (CFPAC-1 and MiaPaCa-2) and in vivo using a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SJZD comprises 131 compounds and 260 targets, with key targets such as AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), BCL2 associated agonist of cell death (BAD), BCL2 apoptosis regulator (BCL2), and tumor protein p53 (TP53) identified through PPI analysis. Enrichment analyses highlighted the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/protein Kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) and apoptosis pathways as primary therapeutic mechanisms. SJZD exhibited cytotoxic effects against PDAC cells in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo, with mechanistic analyses confirming its regulatory effects on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and apoptosis pathways. Molecular docking revealed strong binding affinities, particularly for compounds targeting estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2). These findings suggest that SJZD exerts anti-PDAC effects via multi-target modulation, primarily through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling axis, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, and anti-inflammatory activity. The involvement of classic compounds supports the rationale of its traditional use, while experimental validation provides a mechanistic foundation for future clinical development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study clarifies the active components, targets, and mechanisms of SJZD in treating PDAC, offering insights into the therapeutic potential of TCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"15 3","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-induced liver injury and acute pancreatitis during trastuzumab therapy in a BRCA1-mutated, HER2-positive breast cancer patient: a case report.","authors":"Karolina Kinga Kruczkowska, Natalie Gąsiorek, Robert Wiraszka","doi":"10.21037/cco-2025-aw-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-2025-aw-148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coexistence of a germline BRCA1 mutation and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer is rare and represents a distinct clinical and therapeutic challenge. The mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. The HER2-positive subtype is associated with a more aggressive clinical course, but responds well to targeted anti-HER2 therapy, including trastuzumab. Although trastuzumab therapy is generally well tolerated, rare but potentially serious organ complications may occur.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report the case of a 41-year-old woman with a germline BRCA1 mutation and HER2-positive breast cancer who underwent bilateral mastectomy, removal of the ovaries and systemic treatment including chemotherapy and trastuzumab therapy. During treatment, she developed a marked elevation of liver enzymes consistent with drug-induced liver injury. After initial clinical improvement, she developed acute pancreatitis without biliary or metabolic causes, suggesting possible treatment-related toxicity. The clinical course was further complicated by Clostridioides difficile infection, likely associated with prior antibiotic exposure and immunosuppressive therapy. Following temporary interruption of systemic treatment and supportive management, the patient improved and was able to continue oncological therapy under close biochemical monitoring.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the potential for rare but serious multi-organ complications during trastuzumab-based therapy. Early recognition and appropriate management of such complications may allow continuation of oncological treatment. The case also emphasizes the need for further research on targeted therapeutic strategies, such as PARP inhibitors, for patients with HER2-positive, BRCA1-mutated breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"15 3","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biliary neuroendocrine tumors: a narrative review of current diagnostics and management strategies.","authors":"Hima B Darapu, Ashish Manne, Anup Kasi, Ravi Kumar Paluri","doi":"10.21037/cco-25-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-25-76","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Biliary neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are exceedingly rare malignancies that differ substantially from more common biliary tract cancers such as cholangiocarcinomas. Recent advances in imaging, pathology, and systemic therapies have prompted a re-evaluation of their clinical management. As research on these tumors grows, a clear and standardized synthesis of emerging evidence is necessary to guide clinicians and inform future investigations. In this article we summarized and critically discuss current knowledge on biliary tract NETs, with the aim of providing a structured narrative review that enhances understanding of their epidemiology, therapeutic approaches, and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review of the literature integrates findings from searches of electronic medical databases, manual reference checks, and authoritative clinical and pathological sources to gather contemporary data on the incidence, diagnostic modalities, treatment strategies, and prognostic factors for biliary NETs.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Current evidence on biliary NETs is examined, including global epidemiologic trends, diagnostic challenges, advances in imaging and histopathological classification, and evolving therapeutic options such as surgery, systemic therapy, and loco-regional treatments. Practical implications for multidisciplinary management are highlighted, with emphasis on how recent data may influence clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Biliary NETs are a biologically heterogeneous and rare group of neoplasms. The present management guidelines are largely based on the larger gastrointestinal endocrine tumor (GEP-NET) literature, due to the lack of prospective biliary-specific clinical trials. Localized, well-differentiated lesions can only be cured by surgical resection, but high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas require platinum-based systemic therapy. Future research must focus on holistic molecular characterization, the development of multicenter registries and the conduct of site-specific therapeutic trials to augment the accuracy of evidence-based clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"15 3","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clonal hematopoiesis in breast cancer: moving beyond prevalence toward clinical relevance.","authors":"Farah Shah, Catherine C Coombs","doi":"10.21037/cco-2026-1-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-2026-1-0028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"15 3","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can recurrence-free survival replace overall survival for resectable esophageal cancer?","authors":"Jane E Rogers, Jaffer A Ajani","doi":"10.21037/cco-2026-1-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-2026-1-0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"15 3","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiating glioma recurrence from radiation necrosis: a narrative review of positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging and their diagnostic accuracies.","authors":"David Leen, Monica Wong, Eddie Lau, Sweet Ping Ng","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Differentiating glioma recurrence from radiation necrosis remains a critical diagnostic challenge in neuro-oncology due to overlapping imaging features. Positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offer complementary metabolic and structural information that may enhance diagnostic accuracy. This narrative review evaluates the performance of PET, advanced MRI techniques, and their integration in distinguishing tumour recurrence from post-treatment effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of PubMed, Medline, and Embase databases was conducted to identify studies published after April 2020. Inclusion criteria comprised studies on histologically diagnosed gliomas using PET and MRI, reporting sensitivity, specificity, or accuracy.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Eight cohort studies met the inclusion criteria, examining PET tracers (18F-FDG, 18F-FET, 11C-MET, 18F-DOPA) and advanced MRI techniques [diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)]. The integration of PET and MRI outperformed standalone modalities in diagnostic accuracy in all but one study. 18F-FET PET demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with sensitivity up to 95% and no diagnostic improvement when combined with MRI in high-grade glioma, though its availability remains limited. MRI alone had variable sensitivity (33-77%) and specificity (50-100%), depending on the technique and tracer used. DKI showed promise in enhancing sensitivity (72-100%). Heterogeneity in protocols and patient cohorts limited direct comparisons across studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of PET and MRI provides a superior diagnostic approach for differentiating glioma recurrence from radiation necrosis, with 18F-DOPA PET and advanced MRI sequences emerging as the most effective pairing. Further multicenter studies with standardized protocols are required to validate these findings and address challenges related to tracer accessibility and protocol variability. These advancements have the potential to optimize patient management in neuro-oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"15 3","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network pharmacology of Sijunzi decoction in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Rujia Zheng, Qitai Chen, Mengting Zhang, Xishan Yang, Yi Zang, Zhe Zhang","doi":"10.21037/cco-2025-1-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-2025-1-174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) commonly used for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but its mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates its molecular basis using network pharmacology and molecular docking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Active compounds and targets of SJZD were identified via Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) Database and Analysis Platform, and PDAC-related targets were retrieved from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and GeneCards. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, Gene Ontology (GO)/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and tissue distribution analyses were conducted. Molecular docking evaluated binding affinities between compounds and targets. The anti-PDAC effects of SJZD were evaluated in vitro using human pancreatic cancer cell lines (CFPAC-1 and MiaPaCa-2) and in vivo using a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SJZD comprises 131 compounds and 260 targets, with key targets such as AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), BCL2 associated agonist of cell death (BAD), BCL2 apoptosis regulator (BCL2), and tumor protein p53 ( TP53) identified through PPI analysis. Enrichment analyses highlighted the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/protein Kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) and apoptosis pathways as primary therapeutic mechanisms. SJZD exhibited cytotoxic effects against PDAC cells in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo, with mechanistic analyses confirming its regulatory effects on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and apoptosis pathways. Molecular docking revealed strong binding affinities, particularly for compounds targeting estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2). These findings suggest that SJZD exerts anti-PDAC effects via multi-target modulation, primarily through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling axis, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, and anti-inflammatory activity. The involvement of classic compounds supports the rationale of its traditional use, while experimental validation provides a mechanistic foundation for future clinical development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study clarifies the active components, targets, and mechanisms of SJZD in treating PDAC, offering insights into the therapeutic potential of TCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148223660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Venetoclax with intensive chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia.","authors":"Logan Shaver, Omer Jamy","doi":"10.21037/cco-2026-1-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-2026-1-0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148223638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}