Chinese clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"A case report of successful combined intra-arterial immunotherapy and cytokine genetic therapy treatment in a patient with recurrent glioblastoma.","authors":"Anna V Alyasova, Amir M Ben Ammar, Vladimir T Zarkua, Andrey G Rerberg","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with very poor prognosis due to frequent recurrence and short overall survival (OS) time, which according to different sources, is not longer than 17 months after the diagnosis. Infiltrative growth pattern often leads to tumor propagation into functionally significant brain areas while surgery is cytoreductive and does not necessarily alter the prognosis. Many patients are in the working age, thus finding conservative approaches to the treatment of this type of neoplasms is of utmost importance. The aim of the work is to demonstrate the effectiveness of treatment of GBM using cytokine genetic therapy (CGT) and present an algorithm for patient management.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>This paper describes the first case of successful intra-arterial (IA) bevacizumab therapy with following CGT of a 46-year-old patient with recurrent GBM after a combined treatment. Sixteen courses of 15 mg/kg IA bevacizumab with hyperosmolar opening of blood-brain barrier (BBB) resulted in stabilization of the neoplastic process. After that, 9 courses of CGT with recombinant interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-thymosin α1 were performed. Both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast and positron emission tomography (PET) confirmed a complete response to the combined treatment. OS time is currently more than 25 months from the diagnosis. The observation continues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case study expands the range of treatment options for GBM, especially in the context of intolerance and high toxicity of cytostatic drugs, and may lead to improved recurrence-free survival (RFS).</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary angiosarcoma of the breast: a literature review.","authors":"Yidan Zhu, Shogo Nakamoto, Takahiro Tsukioki, Yuko Takahashi, Yoko Iwatani, Tsuguo Iwatani, Xinfeng Zhang, Maki Tanioka, Tadahiko Shien","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Primary angiosarcoma of the breast (PBA) is an extremely rare and heterogeneous disease. PBA is difficult to diagnose and has a poor prognosis. In order to better understand the disease and provide evidence-based treatment for PBA patients, a review of the published literature in the English language was conducted.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review in agreement with the PRISMA protocol was conducted. Medline and Cochrane databases were searched for English articles on PBA patients in September 2023 with a predetermined strategy. The articles were categorized and assessed based on hierarchical levels of scientific evidence.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>A total of 255 articles were identified, among these 137 publications which included 1,888 patients met the criteria for inclusion in the final analysis. No prospective, randomized trials exclusive to PBA have been recognized. This article provides an overview of the most current and comprehensive evidence concerning the epidemiology, etiology, genomic features, clinical presentations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PBA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the fact that current evidence is largely derived from retrospective studies, database analyses, and case reports, we utilized this information to tackle important clinical questions concerning optimal patient management practices for PBA. Complete surgical excision continues to be the mainstay treatment for PBA. However, the effectiveness of adjuvant therapies is still unclear. This narrative review highlights the urgent need for more rigorously designed research to enhance the management and treatment strategies for PBA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Befotertinib in first-line treatment for Chinese non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring common EGFR-mutations reveals similar efficacy to other third-generation EGFR-TKIs but somewhat different safety profile.","authors":"Jens Benn Sørensen, Eric Santoni-Rugiu, Edyta Maria Urbanska","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefit from addition of local therapy in oligometastatic oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Yuvnik Trada, Fiona Day, Jarad Martin","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-41","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic inhibition of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations in glioma and cholangiocarcinoma: new insights and promises-a narrative review.","authors":"Valeria Internò, Assunta Melaccio, Pasquale Vitale, Roberta Spedaliere, Massimo Buonfantino, Raffaella Messina, Anna Laura Lippolis, Francesco Signorelli, Raffaele Addeo, Francesco Giuliani","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>The identification of mutation hot spots in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes is one of the most important cancer genome-wide sequencing discoveries with relevant impact in the treatment of some orphan tumors. These genes were mostly found mutated in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and in cholangiocarcinoma. This aberrant genomic condition represents a therapeutic target of great interest in cancer research, especially in AML, given the limitations of currently approved therapies in this field. In this review, we investigate the role of IDH mutation and the mutant IDH (mIDH)- targeted therapies for cholangiocarcinoma and glioma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we provide an overview of the IDH mutation role and discuss its role in tumorigenesis and progression of some solid cancers, in which the therapeutic strategy can be completely changed thanks to these brand-new therapeutic options.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>The encouraging early clinical data demonstrated to be a proof of concept for investigational mIDH1/2 inhibitors in tumors with a paucity of therapeutic possibilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Moreover, we list the most important randomised clinical trials still active with their preliminary results.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Befotertinib: one more drug targeting EGFR-the more may be the merrier.","authors":"Guilherme Sacchi de Camargo Correia, Yanyan Lou, Rami Manochakian","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-50","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibition strategies: tailoring immunotherapy for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Takayuki Kobayashi, Taiki Hakozaki","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-20","DOIUrl":"10.21037/cco-24-20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141431556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AB093. Pixel-wise classification of glioma using deep learning for accurate tumour mapping on magnetic resonance imaging.","authors":"Kiran Aftab, Salma Asif, Ansar Rahman, Ummul Wara, Faryal Raees, Ahmad Raza Shahid, Amna Farrukh, Ceemal Fareed, Manal Nasir, Rabeet Tariq, Muhammad Sameer, Meher Angez, Zeba Saleem, Komal Naeem, Muhammad Nouman Mughal, Fatima Mubarak, Syed Ather Enam","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-ab093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Central nervous system (CNS) tumours, especially glioma, are a complex disease and many challenges are encountered in their treatment. Artificial intelligence (AI) has made a colossal impact in many walks of life at a low cost. However, this avenue still needs to be explored in healthcare settings, demanding investment of resources towards growth in this area. We aim to develop machine learning (ML) algorithms to facilitate the accurate diagnosis and precise mapping of the brain tumour.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We queried the data from 2019 to 2022 and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of glioma patients were extracted. Images that had both T1-contrast and T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2-FLAIR) volume sequences available were included. MRI images were annotated by a team supervised by a neuroradiologist. The extracted MRIs thus obtained were then fed to the preprocessing pipeline to extract brains using SynthStrip. They were further fed to the deep learning-based semantic segmentation pipelines using UNet-based architecture with convolutional neural network (CNN) at its backbone. Subsequently, the algorithm was tested to assess the efficacy in the pixel-wise diagnosis of tumours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 69 samples of low-grade glioma (LGG) were used out of which 62 were used for fine-tuning a pre-trained model trained on brain tumor segmentation (BraTS) 2020 and 7 were used for testing. For the evaluation of the model, the Dice coefficient was used as the metric. The average Dice coefficient on the 7 test samples was 0.94.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With the advent of technology, AI continues to modify our lifestyles. It is critical to adapt this technology in healthcare with the aim of improving the provision of patient care. We present our preliminary data for the use of ML algorithms in the diagnosis and segmentation of glioma. The promising result with comparable accuracy highlights the importance of early adaptation of this nascent technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AB050. Novel treatment vs. standard of care in melanoma-associated leptomeningeal metastases: a systematic review & network meta-analysis.","authors":"Jia Jia Teo, Razan Nossier, Angad Chauhan, Tuan Zea Tan, Vincent Diong Weng Nga","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-ab050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Melanoma stands as a prevalent instigator of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) within the realm of cancer. Given the poor prognosis accompanying this condition, ongoing trials explore a spectrum of treatment modalities in pursuit of more effective interventions. To ascertain the most effective therapeutic strategies, we aim to compare novel treatments against the current standard of care for melanoma-associated LMD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Web of Science for relevant studies published from January 2014 to January 2024. We included primary research studies, including observational studies, randomised control trials, quasi-experimental design studies, clinical trials, and experimental studies focusing on LMD caused by metastatic melanoma. Data extraction was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and quality assessment/risk of bias is performed individually using the GRADE method. A network meta-analysis is conducted to evaluate the effects of multiple interventions within the study. Overall survival outcomes were quantified using log hazard ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 680 records screened for eligibility, seven carefully chosen studies, meeting our specific inclusion criteria, provide insights into the management of 397 patients grappling with LMD due to metastatic melanoma. These studies vary in design: one observational cohort study with 29 participants, a clinical trial with 25 patients, four retrospective cohort studies ranging from 39 to 190 participants and one experimental study with 24 patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the escalating breakthroughs of treatment options in melanoma-associated LMD, further studies may be imperative to conclusively determine whether the newer therapeutic options yield superior outcomes compared to the current standard of care treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AB057. A rare case of anterior skull base metastasis secondary to follicular thyroid carcinoma presenting as proptosis: a systematic review and illustrative case.","authors":"Keith Gerard Cheng, John Emmanuel Torio, Elmer Jose Meceda","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-ab057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skull base metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is uncommon. A single study, encompassing 473 cases of thyroid carcinoma, revealed a mere 2.5% incidence of such metastasis. Much is unknown about FTC skull base metastasis, and a streamlined algorithm is yet to be created.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We present a case of a 63-year-old female, with a history of a non-toxic goiter, complaining of a chronic history of progressive L proptosis, associated with headache and vision loss. History and radiologic findings were incompatible, hence, a biopsy was performed, revealing FTC metastasis. With this experience, we performed a systematic review of available literature for FTC skull base metastasis to help guide management for future cases. Using PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search across PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library using MeSH keywords \"Skull base\", \"Metastasis\", and \"Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma\", identified 18 records. Fifteen articles were assessed for eligibility, but only eight studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis, including demographics, pathological characteristics, surgical approaches, clinical outcomes, and follow-up data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Included studies showcased a consistent age range (43 to 69 years) among patients diagnosed with FTC, with variability in management for the primary malignancy. Metastatic presentation varied depending on tumor location, with symptoms including dysphagia, proptosis, epistaxis, facial dysesthesia, and visual impairment. Tumor size ranged from 3 cm × 3 cm × 2 cm to 6.8 cm × 3.9 cm × 5.3 cm, greatly influencing surgical management strategies, from punch biopsy to complete resection and reconstruction. Adjuvant therapies included combinations of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with immunotherapy, I-131 therapy, oral radioiodine ablation, and radiotherapy alone, with outcomes showing improvement in most cases. Follow-up duration varied from 12 to 60 months, reflecting a wide range of outcome results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FTC skull base metastasis remains to be an uncommon entity in neurosurgery. Its rarity creates a lack of established guidelines and treatment algorithms. A high index of suspicion as well as good history and physical examination skills are necessary to achieve an adequate diagnosis. Multi-disciplinary teams form the cornerstone of a patient-tailored approach to its management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}