Chinese clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Befotertinib: one more drug targeting EGFR-the more may be the merrier.","authors":"Guilherme Sacchi de Camargo Correia, Yanyan Lou, Rami Manochakian","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-50","DOIUrl":"10.21037/cco-24-50","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic-assisted trans-mesocolic side-to-side duodenojejunostomy for palliative management of malignant distal duodenal obstruction.","authors":"Han Yin, Devesh Sharma, Jaeyun Jane Wang, Amir Ashraf Ganjouei, Abdul Kouanda, Kenzo Hirose, Eric Nakakura, Kimberly Kirkwood, Carlos Corvera, Adnan Alseidi, Mohamed Abdelgadir Adam","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-87","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant duodenal obstruction is a common issue affecting up to 20% of patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies. Distal duodenal obstruction (DDO) poses unique surgical challenges, such as the need to drain the stomach and the proximal portions of the duodenum. The traditional approach, gastrojejunostomy, may not be as effective for relieving DDO, as gastrojejunostomy does not necessarily drain the duodenum. In this situation, a duodenojejunostomy could be more advantageous due to its ability to provide dual (stomach and duodenal) drainage. Here we present a case of a 75-year-old female with distal (D4) duodenal obstruction due to metastatic duodenal adenocarcinoma. Despite being previously treated with a gastrojejunostomy stent at an outside hospital, the patient presented with recurrent malignant DDO for which a robotic-assisted trans-mesocolic duodenojejunostomy was performed. This approach leverages the duodenal drainage ability of duodenojejunal bypass and the advantages of the minimally invasive robotic approach, resulting in effective and efficient relief of the obstruction. The patient's postoperative course was characterized by minimal postoperative pain, rapid resumption of solid intake, and early re-initiation of chemotherapy, underscoring the potential of this technique. This innovative surgical technique has notable clinical implications for patients in need of palliation from distal duodenal or proximal jejunal obstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A periungual eccrine poroma masquerading as amelanotic melanoma: a case report.","authors":"Sha Yi, Shang-Shang Wang","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-94","DOIUrl":"10.21037/cco-24-94","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eccrine poroma (EP) is a benign cutaneous neoplasm that originates from the acrosyringium of the eccrine sweat duct. EP can be found on any skin area with sweat glands and typically occurs on the palmoplantar areas. They usually present as solitary, asymptomatic, well-circumscribed, smooth or verrucous papules or nodules that range in color from skin-colored to red or brown. However, some cases may be difficult to diagnose clinically, especially when the distribution and morphology are not typical. The periungual region represents an uncommon localization for these neoplasms and can easily be misdiagnosed.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>Here, we present a rare case of a 52-year-old man who presented with a 2-year history of a painless, slowly growing, erythematous nodule on the lateral nail fold of his right toe. The lesion was initially suspected to be an amelanotic melanoma, but histopathological revealed a tumor composed of broad anastomosing bands of cuboidal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and round nuclei within the dermis, confirmed to be an EP. After complete surgical excision of the lesion with 1 mm margins, the wound healed well and there was no recurrence or metastasis after 12 months of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EPs in the periungual region are exceedingly rare. Their presentation and atypical appearance can lead to misdiagnosis and missed opportunities for early treatment. Clinicians should be aware of this possibility and perform biopsies of any suspicious periungual lesion to ensure timely and appropriate management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Papillon trial, a major advance in the management of patients with metastatic, mutated-EGFR exon 20 insertion non-small-cell lung cancer.","authors":"Christos Chouaïd, Jean-Baptiste Assié, Jean-Bernard Auliac","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and considerations in non-inferiority trials: a narrative review from statisticians' perspectives.","authors":"Ruizhe Chen, Qian Shi","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-84","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Non-inferiority (NI) study is a popular randomized controlled trial design that aims to demonstrate whether a test treatment, considering its auxiliary benefits, is not unacceptably worse compared to a standard active control treatment. There is extensive work in the literature that discusses NI trials' merits, issues, and how certain clinical and statistical challenges can be addressed. Here, we are aimed to provide a narrative review of NI studies in terms of its design considerations, potential issues, and corresponding solutions from the perspectives of biostatisticians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a wide literature search on clinical and statistical methodology papers related to NI trials.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>In the \"Fundamentals of NI study\" section, we start from the formulation of the margin and the NI hypothesis test and then focus on the underlying two fundamental assumptions (the constancy assumption and assay sensitivity). We present experts and regulatory agencies' opinions on how certain statistical issues of NI studies are caused and how they could be addressed. We focus on key aspects of NI studies, which include formulations of an NI hypothesis test, definition of NI margins, determining historical evidence of the active control drug, checking assay sensitivity and constancy assumption, etc. We also briefly touch on topics such as comparisons between the fixed-margin method and the synthesis method for NI evaluation, analysis principle in presence of treatment non-adherence, Bayesian design of NI studies, and restricted mean survival time (RMST) as a measure for designing NI studies. Figures and examples are given throughout the article to better illustrate ideas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We believe that NI design, with its issues addressed by appropriate statistical and clinical considerations, still plays a pivotal role in clinical research by improving patients' experience and alleviating healthcare inequalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new era for EGFR exon20 targeting in non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Petros Christopoulos","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric radiotherapy preparation: a scoping review.","authors":"Sam Y C Chan, Kelvin C K Liu, Jerry C F Ching, Anthony P Y Liu, Shara W Y Lee","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-95","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric radiotherapy (RT) presents unique challenges due to the need for young patients to remain still during treatment, often in unfamiliar and intimidating environments. To achieve compliance and immobilization, many children, particularly those under six, are routinely administered general anesthesia (GA) or sedation, despite the associated risks and complications. These include respiratory and neurocognitive side effects, increased healthcare costs, and the strain on clinical resources. To address these challenges, various preparatory strategies have been developed globally, aiming to reduce the need for GA by enhancing patient understanding, cooperation, and comfort through physical, psychological, and educational interventions. This scoping review examines the current landscape of pediatric RT preparation, focusing on identifying service gaps, evaluating the effectiveness of existing approaches, and exploring opportunities for improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases, covering literatures from 2000 to 2023. The search strategy focused on terms related to pediatric RT preparation. Studies were included if they detailed preparation services, and data extraction emphasized intervention types, outcomes, and identified service gaps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 593 papers identified, 73 met the inclusion criteria. Approximately 24% of the papers highlighted challenges faced by pediatric patients and their carers, including anxiety and misunderstandings about RT. Notably, for all paediatric patients aged under 21 years, 46% of them require GA or sedation for RT. For the age group below 3 years, 60% patients require GA or sedation for RT. For the age group above 3 years, 37% patients require GA or sedation for RT. Furthermore, 19% of papers reported rare but severe neurocognitive and respiratory complications associated with GA. Emerging strategies such as pre-treatment visits, virtual reality (VR) simulations, play therapy, and distraction techniques show promise in reducing GA reliance. However, significant gaps remain, including limited multidisciplinary collaboration and a lack of specialized pediatric facilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review highlights the urgent need for enhanced preparatory strategies in pediatric RT. Emphasizing pre-treatment support, gamification, advanced technologies, multidisciplinary collaboration, and specialized facilities can foster more positive treatment experiences and potentially decrease the dependence on GA or sedation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sub-cluster of cancer cells indicates poor prognosis in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Hai-Feng Zhou, Wei Yang, Fei-Da Wu, Di Zhu, Yu-Guan Xie, Bi-Fei Wu, Zhi-Hui Hong, Hai-Bin Shi, Sheng Liu, Wei-Zhong Zhou","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-58","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is emergent to focus on elucidating different classifications of intratumoral heterogeneity and understanding the mechanisms of treatment resistance to improve prognosis. This study aims to classify the sub-clusters of cancer cells in patients diagnosed with advanced HCC, and identify the genes, pathways and microenvironment associated with prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-cell transcriptomic profiling were conducted on advanced HCC samples. Bulk RNA-seq transcriptome data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Prognosis analysis was performed for survival stratification within the identified sub-clusters. Enriched genes and pathways were determined, and the association and underlying mechanism of the identified sub-cluster of cancer cells were elucidate with other cellular components within advanced HCC tumor tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 26,800 cells were obtained from two patients with advanced HCC. Seven sub-clusters were identified, and only the CancerCell 6 cluster were exhibited significant disparities in both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates according to the 370 HCC patients from the TCGA database. The CancerCell 6 cluster was associated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-related pathways and the high expression of pyruvate kinase M (PKM). It also demonstrated a strong interaction ability with mononuclear phagocytes (MPs). The MPs_MMP9 cluster showed strong interactions between the CancerCell 6 cluster and related signaling pathways of EDN and NOTCH, indicating a tendency toward M2 polarization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified the CancerCell 6 cluster associated with a poor prognosis and characterized by ATP-related metabolism. This cluster demonstrated interactions with MPs inclined to M2 polarization.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between dietary intake of zinc and selenium and breast cancer: findings from a NHANES cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yanbo Wang, Zhen Du, Haowei Du, Jianchun Zhao, Yuting Duan, Aimin Wang","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-83","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>zinc and selenium are essential trace elements that have been suggested to influence cancer development, but their relationship with breast cancer remains unclear. Additionally, biomarkers such as bilirubin, uric acid, and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) are associated with various metabolic processes that could affect cancer progression. This research aimed to examine the associations between zinc and selenium levels and breast cancer, and the extent to which bilirubin, uric acid and GGT mediate the effect on breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In all, 25,244 females were enrolled from the 1999-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The associations between zinc and selenium intake and prevalent breast cancer were explored through meticulous adjustments for covariates utilizing both multivariate and stratified logistic regression analyses. Furthermore, the mediation and interaction effects were performed by mediation analyses and generalized linear model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalent breast cancer was associated with race, marital status and age. Additionally, participants with breast cancer showed lower zinc (10.2 vs. 12.0 mg, P=0.001) and selenium levels (95.7 vs. 114.4 µg, P<0.001) and higher incidence of diabetes (2.60% vs. 97.40%, P<0.001) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (3.07% vs. 96.93%, P<0.001) comorbidities than the control group. Logistic regression analysis showed a strong linear protective association between zinc and selenium levels and breast cancer. After further adjustment in Model 3, statistical significance remained for each unit increase in selenium [odds ratio (OR), 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.47-0.93; P=0.02], as well as for Q4 versus Q1 for zinc (OR, 0.48; 95% CI: 0.27-0.86; P=0.01). In addition, a significant age-effect modification was observed for zinc (Pinteraction=0.07) associations were stronger in women aged over 40 years compared to younger women. Finally, bilirubin potentially mediated the protective association between zinc and breast cancer, while bilirubin, uric acid, and GGT levels mediated approximately 10% of the relationship between selenium and breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlighted negative correlations between zinc and selenium intake and breast cancer in women. The mediation analysis has shown that bilirubin, uric acid and GGT play an indirect role.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is metastasis-directed local therapy the new standard of care for patients with oligometastasic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?-a perspective on the ESO-Shanghai 13 Trial.","authors":"Neil B Newman, Krishan R Jethwa","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-57","DOIUrl":"10.21037/cco-24-57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}