Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Characterization and evaluation of photolabile (µ-peroxo)(µ-hydroxo)bis[bis(bipyridyl)cobalt caged oxygen compounds to facilitate time-resolved crystallographic studies of cytochrome c oxidase","authors":"Emil Sandelin, Jonatan Johannesson, Ola Wendt, Gisela Brändén, Richard Neutze, Carl-Johan Wallentin","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00558-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-024-00558-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photolabile (µ-peroxo)(µ-hydroxo)bis[bis(bipyridyl)-cobalt-based caged oxygen compounds have been synthesized and characterized by optical absorbance spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography. and the quantum yield and redox stability were investigated. Furthermore, conditions were established where redox incompatibilities encountered between caged oxygen compounds and oxygen-dependant cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase (CcO) could be circumvented. Herein, we demonstrate that millimolar concentrations of molecular oxygen can be released from a caged oxygen compound with spatio-temporal control upon laser excitation, triggering enzymatic turnover in cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase. Spectroscopic evidence confirms the attainment of a homogeneous reaction initiation at concentrations and conditions relevant for further crystallography studies. This was demonstrated by the oxidizing microcrystals of reduced CcO by liberation of millimolar concentrations of molecular oxygen from a caged oxygen compound. We believe this will expand the scope of available techniques for the detailed investigation of oxygen-dependant enzymes with its native substrate and facilitate further time-resolved X-ray based studies such as wide/small angle X-ray scattering and serial femtosecond crystallography.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of natural extracts with photoprotective activity: a 2015–2023 patent prospection","authors":"Ana Maria Santos Oliveira, Daniel de Souza Batista, Tailaine Nascimento de Castro, Izabel Almeida Alves, Ricardo Bizogne Souto, Milleno Dantas Mota, Mairim Russo Serafini, Gomathi Rajkumar, Edith Cristina Laignier Cazedey","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00559-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-024-00559-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Synthetic sunscreen offers protection against excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, and protects the skin from possible damage. However, they have low efficacy against the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are highly reactive molecules that can be generated in the skin when it is exposed to UV radiation, and are known to play a role in oxidative stress, which can contribute to skin aging and damage. Thus, there is an ongoing search for sunscreens that do not have these negative effects. One promising source for these is natural products. Therefore, the current patent review summarizes topical formulations made from natural compounds that have antioxidant properties and can be used as photoprotective or anti-aging agents, either using a single natural extract or a combination of extracts. The review reports basic patent information (applicant country, type of applicant, and year of filing) and gives details about the invention, including its chemical composition, and the in vitro and in vivo tests performed. These patents describe natural products that can be used to protect the skin and validate their efficacy, and safety, in addition to standardizing their formulations. The compositions described illustrate the consistent innovation in the use of natural products to protect against UV damage and photoaging disorders, a promising field which is receiving growing global recognition.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"miR-1246-overexpressing exosomes improve UVB-induced photoaging by activating autophagy via suppressing GSK3β","authors":"Wei Gao, Limin Yuan, Yue Zhang, Fangzhou Huang, Chen Ai, Tianci Lv, Jiale Chen, Hui Wang, Yixin Ling, Yu-shuai Wang","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00567-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-024-00567-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stem cell paracrine has shown potential application in skin wound repair and photoaging treatment. Our previous study demonstrated that miR-1246-overexpressing Exosomes (OE-EXs) isolated from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) showed superior photo-protecting effects on UVB-induced photoaging than that of the vector, however, the underlying mechanism was unclear. The simultaneous bioinformatics analysis indicated that miR-1246 showed potential binding sites with GSK3β which acted as a negative regulator for autophagy. This study was aimed to explore whether OE-EXs ameliorate skin photoaging by activating autophagy via targeting GSK3β. The results demonstrated that OE-EXs significantly decreased GSK3β expression, enhanced autophagy flux and autophagy-related proteins like LC3II, while suppressed p62 expression. Meanwhile, OE-EXs markedly reversed the levels of intracellular ROS, MMP-1, procollagen type I and DNA damage in human skin fibroblasts caused by UVB irradiation, but the ameliorating effects were significantly inhibited when 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) was introduced to block the autophagy pathway. Further, OE-EXs could reverse UVB-induced wrinkles, epidermal hyperplasia, and collagen fibers reduction in Kunming mice, nevertheless, the therapeutical effects of OE-EXs were attenuated when it was combinative treated with 3-MA. In conclusion, OE-EXs could cure UVB induced skin photoaging by activating autophagy via targeting GSK3β.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of impedance spectroscopy in assessing 405 nm laser-induced inactivation of saccharomyces cerevisiae","authors":"Beng Jiong Ang, Nursakinah Suardi, Eugene Boon Beng Ong, Siti Nur Hazieqah Khasim, Sylvester Jande Gemanam, Iskandar Shahrim Mustafa, Jing Heng Fong","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00564-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-024-00564-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Impedance spectroscopy was employed to assess the electrical properties of yeast following 405 nm laser irradiation, exploring the effects of visible, non-ionizing laser-induced inactivation as a more selective and safer alternative for photoinactivation applications compared to the use of DNA targeting, ionizing UV light. Capacitance and impedance spectra were obtained for yeast suspensions irradiated for 10, 20, 30, and 40 min using 100 and 200 mW laser powers. Noticeable differences in capacitance spectra were observed at lower frequencies (40 Hz to 1 kHz), with a significant increase at 40 min for both laser powers. β-dispersion was evident in the impedance spectra in the frequency range of 10 kHz to 10 MHz. The characteristic frequency of dielectric relaxation steadily shifted to higher frequencies with increasing irradiation time, with a drastic change observed at 40 min for both laser powers. These changes signify a distinct alteration in the physical state of yeast. A yeast spot assay demonstrated a decrease in cell viability with increasing laser irradiation dose. The results indicate a correlation between changes in electrical properties, cell viability, and the efficacy of 405 nm laser-induced inactivation. Impedance spectroscopy is shown to be an efficient, non-destructive, label-free method for monitoring changes in cell viability in photobiological effect studies. The development of impedance spectroscopy-based real-time studies in photoinactivation holds promise for advancing our understanding of light-cell interactions in medical applications.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary thymidine dimer excretion reflects personal ultraviolet radiation exposure levels","authors":"Catharina Margrethe Lerche, Nynne Johanne Sahl Frederiksen, Ida Schwarz Thorsteinsson, Brian Køster, Lars Nybo, Andreas D. Flouris, Jakob Heydenreich, Peter Alshede Philipsen, Merete Hædersdal, Hans Christian Wulf, Jonatan Riber Granborg","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00563-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-024-00563-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) leads to skin DNA damage, specifically in the form of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, with thymidine dimers being the most common. Quantifying these dimers can indicate the extent of DNA damage resulting from UVR exposure. Here, a new liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method was used to quantify thymidine dimers in the urine after a temporary increase in real-life UVR exposure. Healthy Danish volunteers (<i>n</i> = 27) experienced increased UVR exposure during a winter vacation. Individual exposure, assessed via personally worn electronic UVR dosimeters, revealed a mean exposure level of 32.9 standard erythema doses (SEDs) during the last week of vacation. Morning urine thymidine dimer concentrations were markedly elevated both 1 and 2 days post-vacation, and individual thymidine dimer levels correlated with UVR exposure during the last week of the vacation. The strongest correlation with erythema-weighted personal UVR exposure (Power model, <i>r</i>² = 0.64, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) was observed when both morning urine samples were combined to measure 48-h thymidine dimer excretion, whereas 24-h excretion based on a single sample provided a weaker correlation (Power model, <i>r</i>² = 0.55, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Sex, age, and skin phototype had no significant effect on these correlations. For the first time, urinary thymidine dimer excretion was quantified by LC–MS to evaluate the effect of a temporary increase in personal UVR exposure in a real-life setting. The high sensitivity to elevated UVR exposure and correlation between urinary excretion and measured SED suggest that this approach may be used to quantify DNA damage and repair and to evaluate photoprevention strategies.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic activity enhancement of two-step and one-pot synthesis of Pd/ZnO nanocomposites: an experimental and DFT study","authors":"María de Lourdes Ruiz Peralta, J. C. Moreno-Hernandez, C. E. Rocha-Díaz, J. H. Camacho-García, A. Escobedo-Morales, U. Salazar-Kuri","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00562-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-024-00562-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pd/ZnO nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by means of one and two pot synthesis and applied in the photodegradation of Rh6G. The nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopies. It was found the presence of PdZn₂, PdO and agglomerated particles in the support surface for the Palladium-based nanocomposites fabricated by one-pot route; the two-step method allowed the formation of spherical Pd nanoparticles, with homogeneous distribution in the nanocomposite matrix, with an average size of 2.16 nm. The results show higher photocatalytic efficiency for the samples fabricated under the two-step approach compared to the one-pot synthesis. Based on experimental results, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to understand the enhancement photocatalytic of Pd/ZnO nanocomposites. To achieve it, the ZnO (001) and (101) surfaces were built and decorated by different Pd coverages. The theoretical results indicated two different photocatalytic mechanisms. In ZnO (001) case, the electrons flowed from surface to Pd, generating the superoxide radical anion (⋅O₂⁻). Furthermore, the density of states of the ZnO (001) surface was modified by impurity Pd–d states at proximity to the conduction states, which may work as electron acceptors states. On the other hand, we found that the electrons flow from Pd to ZnO (101) surface, inducing the formation of ⋅OH and ⋅O₂⁻ for the degradation of Rh6G. The density of states of the ZnO (101) revealed a reduction in its bandgap, due to Pd–d states localized above valence states. Hence, our theoretical results suggest that the Pd–d states may facilitate the mobility of electrons and holes in (001) and (101) surfaces, respectively, reducing the rate of charge recombination.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Europium-based β-hydroxyketone complexes: synthesis, optoelectronic, thermal and computational analyses","authors":"Pratibha Ahlawat, Poonam Kumari, Vaishnavi Lather, Bhawna Rathee, Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00561-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-024-00561-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Six red-light-emitting Eu(III) complexes having a β-hydroxyketone as ligand and heterocyclic ring containing compounds as ancillary ligands were synthesized to explore their use in displays and optoelectronics. The coordinating behavior of complexes was determined by various techniques such as FTIR (Fourier transform infrared), ¹H-NMR (Nuclear magnetic resonance), and ¹³C-NMR that establishes a bonding of ligand and ancillary ligand with the Eu(III) ion. Morphology and purity were investigated through XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDS (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) analyses that suggest semicrystalline and pure complex formation. Thermal analysis of complexes by TGA/DTG (thermogravimetric/derivative thermogravimetric) indicates that complexes are stable upto 200 ºC temperature making them suitable for use in display devices. Analysis of the photophysical properties was carried out in both solid and solution states using PL (photoluminescence) studies, color parameters, J–O (Judd–Ofelt) analysis and bandgap. Most emissive transition (⁵D₀ → ⁷F₂) is responsible for the red emission in the complexes. The CIE (Commission International de I’Eclairage) coordinates of complexes also indicate the red emission on UV excitation. The bandgap which was obtained in the range of 2.54–3.02 eV reveals the semiconducting behavior of complexes. Values of J–O parameters and Ω₂ in the complexes reflect asymmetric chemical environment around Eu (III) and less covalence and the Ω₄ indicates that complexes are less rigid. Bandgap calculated through DFT (density function theory) for complexes is in range of 2.37–2.77 eV, and intensity parameters (J–O), energy transfer rates, and spherical coordinates were determined by LUMPAC software. The computational data are in good harmony with the experimental data. Further biological aspects of complexes were studied using antioxidant and antimicrobial studies.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca Salento-1 to light at 410 nm","authors":"Gianluca Bleve, Nicola Trivellin, Daniela Chirizzi, Annamaria Tarantini, Viviana Teresa Orlandi, Francesco Milano","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00556-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-024-00556-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>All over the world, from America to the Mediterranean Sea, the plant pathogen <i>Xylella fastidiosa</i> represents one of the most difficult challenges with many implications at ecological, agricultural, and economic levels. <i>X. fastidiosa</i> is a rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the family of <i>Xanthomonadaceae</i>. It grows at very low rates and infects a wide range of plants thanks to different vectors. Insects, through their stylets, suck a sap rich in nutrients and inject bacteria into xylem vessels. Since, until now, no antimicrobial treatment has been successfully applied to kill <i>X. fastidiosa</i> and/or prevent its diffusion, in this study, antimicrobial blue light (aBL) was explored as a potential anti-<i>Xylella</i> tool. <i>Xylella fastidiosa</i> subsp. <i>pauca</i> Salento-1, chosen as a model strain, showed a certain degree of sensitivity to light at 410 nm. The killing effect was light dose dependent and bacterial concentration dependent. These preliminary results support the potential of blue light in decontamination of agricultural equipment and/or plant surface; however, further investigations are needed for in vivo applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of antifungal activity of visible light-activated doped TiO2 nanoparticles","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00557-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-024-00557-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is a well-known material for its biomedical applications, among which its implementation as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy has attracted considerable interest due to its photocatalytic properties, biocompatibility, high chemical stability, and low toxicity. However, the photoactivation of TiO₂ requires ultraviolet light, which may lead to cell mutation and consequently cancer. To address these challenges, recent research has focused on the incorporation of metal dopants into the TiO₂ lattice to shift the band gap to lower energies by introducing allowed energy states within the band gap, thus ensuring the harnessing of visible light. This study presents the synthesis, characterization, and application of TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) in their undoped, doped, and co-doped forms for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) against <em>Candida albicans</em>. Blue light with a wavelength of 450 nm was used, with doses ranging from 20 to 60 J/cm² and an NP concentration of 500 µg/ml. It was observed that doping TiO₂ with Cu, Fe, Ag ions, and co-doping Cu:Fe into the TiO₂ nanostructure enhanced the visible light photoactivity of TiO₂ NPs. Experimental studies were done to investigate the effects of different ions doped into the TiO₂ crystal lattice on their structural, optical, morphological, and chemical composition for APDT applications. In particular, Ag-doped TiO₂ emerged as the best candidate, achieving 90–100% eradication of <em>C. albicans</em>.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastics in the environment in the context of UV radiation, climate change and the Montreal Protocol: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2023.","authors":"Marcel A K Jansen, Anthony L Andrady, Janet F Bornman, Pieter J Aucamp, Alkiviadis F Bais, Anastazia T Banaszak, Paul W Barnes, Germar H Bernhard, Laura S Bruckman, Rosa Busquets, Donat-P Häder, Mark L Hanson, Anu M Heikkilä, Samuel Hylander, Robyn M Lucas, Roy Mackenzie, Sasha Madronich, Patrick J Neale, Rachel E Neale, Catherine M Olsen, Rachele Ossola, Krishna K Pandey, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Laura E Revell, Sharon A Robinson, T Matthew Robson, Kevin C Rose, Keith R Solomon, Mads P Sulbæk Andersen, Barbara Sulzberger, Timothy J Wallington, Qing-Wei Wang, Sten-Åke Wängberg, Christopher C White, Antony R Young, Richard G Zepp, Liping Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00552-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00552-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This Assessment Update by the Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP) of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) considers the interactive effects of solar UV radiation, global warming, and other weathering factors on plastics. The Assessment illustrates the significance of solar UV radiation in decreasing the durability of plastic materials, degradation of plastic debris, formation of micro- and nanoplastic particles and accompanying leaching of potential toxic compounds. Micro- and nanoplastics have been found in all ecosystems, the atmosphere, and in humans. While the potential biological risks are not yet well-established, the widespread and increasing occurrence of plastic pollution is reason for continuing research and monitoring. Plastic debris persists after its intended life in soils, water bodies and the atmosphere as well as in living organisms. To counteract accumulation of plastics in the environment, the lifetime of novel plastics or plastic alternatives should better match the functional life of products, with eventual breakdown releasing harmless substances to the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140183227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}