Annina Haapasalo, Rafael Pasternack, Hannu Kautiainen, Lasse Ylianttila, Erna Snellman, Timo Partonen
{"title":"Influence of ultraviolet A1 exposures on mood states: a randomized controlled study.","authors":"Annina Haapasalo, Rafael Pasternack, Hannu Kautiainen, Lasse Ylianttila, Erna Snellman, Timo Partonen","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00587-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00587-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the effects of daily ultraviolet A1 (UV-A1, 340-400 nm) exposures on mood states (#R19055, approval on 21 October 2020). Based on our earlier findings of the influence of diurnal preference on mood, we investigated further whether diurnal preference plays a role in the influence of UV-A1 on mood states. Forty-one healthy participants aged 19-55 years were randomized to receive either UV-A1 (n = 21) or control (n = 20) exposures (violet light, 390-440 nm). The irradiations were administered on three consecutive mornings on the skin of the buttocks and middle back. Diurnal preference was assessed with the modified 6-item Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (mMEQ). Changes in mood were assessed with Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) score of the 40-item Profile of Mood States (POMS) before the first irradiation, immediately after each irradiation and one week after the last irradiation. Mood improved among those subjected to UV-A1 exposures compared with the controls (p = 0.031). Individuals with more pronounced morningness had mood improvement (p = 0.011), whereas those with more pronounced eveningness did not (p = 0.41). At follow-up of one week after the last irradiation the mood improvement had disappeared.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1229-1238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M J A M Marques, F Alves, M H S Sousa, F E G Guimarães, C Kurachi
{"title":"Morphological aspects and the effectiveness of photodynamic inactivation against Rhizopus oryzae in different life cycles.","authors":"M J A M Marques, F Alves, M H S Sousa, F E G Guimarães, C Kurachi","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00597-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00597-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mucormycosis is an extremely aggressive fungal disease with a high mortality rate, especially in people with compromised immune systems. Most cases of mucormycosis are caused by the fungus Rhizopus oryzae. The treatments used are based on high doses of antifungals, associated with surgical resections, when it is possible. However, even with this aggressive treatment, the estimated attributable mortality rate is high. There is therefore a need to develop adjuvant treatments. Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) may be an auxiliary therapeutic option for mucormycosis. Due to the lack of reports in the literature on the morphology and photodynamic inactivation of R. oryzae, characterization of the fungus using Confocal Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy, and different protocols using Photodithazine® (PDZ), a chlorin e6 compound, as a photosensitizer, were performed. The fungus growth rate under different concentrations and incubation times of the photosensitizer and its association with the surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS) was evaluated. For the hyphae, both in the light and dark phases, in the protocols using only PDZ, no effective photodynamic response was observed. Meanwhile with the combination of SDS 0.05% and PDZ, inhibition growth rates of 98% and 72% were achieved for the white and black phase, respectively. In the conidia phase, only a 1.7 log<sub>10</sub> reduction of the infective spores was observed. High concentration of melanin and the complex and resistant structures, especially at the black phase, results in a high limitation of the PDI inactivation response. The combined use of the SDS resulted in an improved response, when compared to the one obtained with the amphotericin B treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1323-1339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Double difunctionalization of vinyl ether tethered nucleophile with electron-deficient alkene in two-molecule photoredox system.","authors":"Takumi Ikeda, Yosuke Tanaka, Ryoga Hashimoto, Toshiki Furutani, Mugen Yamawaki, Hirotsugu Suzuki, Yasuharu Yoshimi","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00588-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00588-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Double difunctionalization of a vinyl ether tethered hydroxy or carbamoyl group with electron-deficient alkenes such as acrylonitrile or acrylic esters was achieved by visible-light irradiation in a two-molecule photoredox system. Use of anhydrous acetonitrile solution as a solvent promoted both dimerization of the radical cation of electron-rich alkene with electron-rich alkene and intramolecular nucleophilic addition to generate an electron-rich radical that was added to electron-deficient alkene to furnish the double difunctionalized product. A variety of electronically differentiated rich and deficient alkenes were used in the photoreaction; a simple construction of a complex carbon framework containing acetal from simple alkenes was successful under mild conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1417-1423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-level LASER therapy accelerates fungal lesions cicatrization by increasing the production of Th1 and Th2 cytokines.","authors":"Julianne Caravita Grisolia, Lauana Aparecida Santos, Nayara Andrade Dias, Luiz Cosme Cotta Malaquias, Eva Burger","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00595-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00595-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis with serious clinical consequences in which the use of antifungal drugs requires long-term treatment. Therefore, we studied the effect of low-level LASER therapy (LLLT) to evaluate its prospects as a complementary treatment for PCM and improve the clinical response to the disease.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our study focused on the resolution of lesions caused by fungal infection using a subcutaneous air pouch model of infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated cell profile and cytokines, fungi viability, and the presence of fibroblasts and fibrocytes at the site of infection. Inoculation of P. brasiliensis (Pb) was performed using a subcutaneous air pouch model and the LLLT irradiation was performed on alternate days on the rear paws of mice for 10 days, after which the cells from the air pouch were collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In animals irradiated with LLLT, the influx of cells to the air pouch was reduced, but they were more activated and produced pro-inflammatory (IL-12, IL-17 and TNF-α) and neutrophil (PMN) activating cytokines (IL-8, GM-CSF and γ-IFN). A better resolution of the infection, evidenced by the reduction in the number of viable fungi with preserved morphology in the air pouch, and an increase in the number of fibrocytes, indicating a healing profile were also observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LLLT decreased the influx of PMN, but those presents were highly activated, with increased fungicidal activity. LLLT irradiation also resulted in earlier cicatrization at the site of infection, leading to a better outcome of the infection. These data are favorable to the use of LLLT as a complementary therapy in PCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1295-1307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danilo T Amaral, Rachel A Kaplan, Thaís Kaori Enoki Takishita, Daniel R de Souza, Anderson G Oliveira, Simone Policena Rosa
{"title":"Glowing wonders: exploring the diversity and ecological significance of bioluminescent organisms in Brazil.","authors":"Danilo T Amaral, Rachel A Kaplan, Thaís Kaori Enoki Takishita, Daniel R de Souza, Anderson G Oliveira, Simone Policena Rosa","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00590-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00590-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioluminescence, the emission of light by living organisms, is a captivating and widespread phenomenon with diverse ecological functions. This comprehensive review explores the biodiversity, mechanisms, ecological roles, and conservation challenges of bioluminescent organisms in Brazil, a country known for its vast and diverse ecosystems. From the enchanting glow of fireflies and glow-in-the-dark mushrooms to the mesmerizing displays of marine dinoflagellates and cnidarians, Brazil showcases a remarkable array of bioluminescent species. Understanding the biochemical mechanisms and enzymes involved in bioluminescence enhances our knowledge of their evolutionary adaptations and ecological functions. However, habitat loss, climate change, and photopollution pose significant threats to these bioluminescent organisms. Conservation measures, interdisciplinary collaborations, and responsible lighting practices are crucial for their survival. Future research should focus on identifying endemic species, studying environmental factors influencing bioluminescence, and developing effective conservation strategies. Through interdisciplinary collaborations, advanced technologies, and increased funding, Brazil can unravel the mysteries of its bioluminescent biodiversity, drive scientific advancements, and ensure the long-term preservation of these captivating organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1373-1392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140908276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photodegradation of cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC in cannabis plant material.","authors":"Arianna Bini, Sofia Salerno, Stefano Protti, Federica Pollastro, Antonella Profumo, Luca Morini, Daniele Merli","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00589-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00589-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC, the psychotropic cannabinoid in Cannabis sativa L., for many years has been the focus of all the pharmacological attention as the main promising principle of the plant. Recently, however, cannabidiol (CBD) has brought a sudden change in the scenario, exponentially increasing the interest in pharmacology as the main non-psychotropic cannabinoid with potential therapeutic, cosmetical and clinical applications. Although the reactivity of CBD and Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC has been considered, little attention has been paid to the possible photodegradation of these cannabinoids in the vegetal matrix and the data available in the literature are, in some cases, contradictory. The aim of the present work is to provide a characterization of the photochemical behaviour of CBD and Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC in three cannabis chemotypes, namely I (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC 2.50%<sub>w/w</sub>), II (CBD:Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC 5.82%<sub>w/w</sub>:3.19%<sub>w/w</sub>) and III (CBD 3.02%<sub>w/w</sub>).</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1239-1249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140910826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Florencia de la Rosa, Magdalena Pezzoni, Marleen De Troch, Cristina S Costa, Marcelo Hernando
{"title":"Effects of temperature up-shift and UV-A radiation on fatty acids content and expression of desaturase genes in cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa: stress tolerance and acclimation responses.","authors":"Florencia de la Rosa, Magdalena Pezzoni, Marleen De Troch, Cristina S Costa, Marcelo Hernando","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00584-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00584-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temperature up-shift and UV-A radiation effects on growth, lipid damage, fatty acid (FA) composition and expression of desaturase genes desA and desB were investigated in the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. Although UV-A damaging effect has been well documented, reports on the interactive effects of UV radiation exposure and warming on cyanobacteria are scarce. Temperature and UV-A doses were selected based on the physiological responses previously obtained by studies with the same M. aeruginosa strain used in this study. Cells pre-grown at 26 °C were incubated at the same temperature or 29 °C and exposed to UV-A + PAR and only PAR for 9 days. Growth rate was significantly affected by UV-A radiation independently of the temperature throughout the experiment. High temperature produced lipid damage significantly higher throughout the experiment, decreasing at day 9 as compared to 26 °C. In addition, the cells grown at 29 °C under UV-A displayed a decrease in polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) levels, with ω3 PUFA being mostly affected at the end of exposure. Previously, we reported that UV-A-induced lipid damage affects differentially ω3 and ω6 PUFAs. We report that UV-A radiation leads to an upregulation of desA, possibly due to lipid damage. In addition, the temperature up-shift upregulates desA and desB regardless of the radiation. The lack of lipid damage for UV-A on ω3 could explain the lack of transcription induction of desB. The significant ω6 decrease at 26 °C in cells exposed to UV-A could be due to the lack of upregulation of desA.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1167-1178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140875276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rocío B Acosta, Edgardo N Durantini, Mariana B Spesia
{"title":"Evaluation of quantification methods to determine photodynamic action on mono- and dual-species bacterial biofilms.","authors":"Rocío B Acosta, Edgardo N Durantini, Mariana B Spesia","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00586-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00586-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) sensitized by 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-N,N,N-trimethylammoniophenyl)porphyrin (TMAP<sup>4+</sup>) on different components of mono- and dual-species biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was determined by different methods. First, the plate count technique showed that TMAP<sup>4+</sup>-PDI was more effective on S. aureus than E. coli biofilm. However, crystal violet staining revealed no significant differences between before and after PDI biofilms of both bacteria. On the other hand, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method indicated a reduction in viable cells as the light exposure time increases in both, mono- and dual-species biofilms. Furthermore, it was determined that as the irradiation time increases, the amount of extracellular polymeric substances present in the biofilms decreased. This effect was presented in both strains and in the mixed biofilm, being more evident in S. aureus mono-specie biofilm. Finally, scanning electron microscopy analysis showed a decrease in the number of cells forming the biofilm after photosensitization treatments. This information makes it possible to determine whether the photodynamic action is based on damage to metabolic activity, extracellular matrix and/or biomass, which may be useful in establishing a fully effective PDI protocol for the treatment of microorganisms growing as biofilms.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1195-1208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julieta L Sacchetto, Leandro Fuentes Medina, Karina I Toledo, Silvana C Plem, Yamile Jalit, Eduardo A Gatica, Sandra Miskoski, José Natera, Cristian M O Lépori, Walter A Massad
{"title":"Epoxiconazole degradation in water samples: a comparative study of Fenton, photo-Fenton, solar photo-Fenton, and solar photolysis processes.","authors":"Julieta L Sacchetto, Leandro Fuentes Medina, Karina I Toledo, Silvana C Plem, Yamile Jalit, Eduardo A Gatica, Sandra Miskoski, José Natera, Cristian M O Lépori, Walter A Massad","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00582-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00582-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epoxiconazole (EPO) is classified as a persistent organic pollutant due to its ability to persist in the environment for prolonged periods. Its degradation is pivotal in mitigating its environmental impact. This investigation focuses on assessing the degradation of EPO using various methodologies, namely Fenton, photo-Fenton, solar photo-Fenton, and solar photolysis, conducted in both Milli-Q water and groundwater. These experiments encompassed evaluations at both the standard pH typically used in photo-Fenton reactions and the natural pH levels inherent to the respective aqueous environments. Additionally, EPO degradation products were analyzed after a 60-min reaction. Notably, in systems utilizing groundwater, the inclusion of additional iron was unnecessary, as the naturally occurring iron content in the groundwater facilitated the intended processes. Specifically, in Milli-Q water, solar photo-Fenton demonstrated an EPO degradation efficiency of 97%. Furthermore, the substitution of Milli-Q water with groundwater in Fenton-like processes did not significantly affect the efficacy of EPO degradation. These findings underscore the potential of solar photo-Fenton as an economically viable and environmentally sustainable strategy for EPO degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1143-1153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancements in visible-light-induced reactions via alkenyl radical intermediates.","authors":"Helena F Piedra, Manuel Plaza","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00580-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00580-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, visible-light-induced organic transformations have taken a central role driving forward the progress of modern organic synthesis. These processes typically involve the transient generation of highly reactive radical intermediates, facilitating a diverse array of chemical reactions. Despite the abundance of synthetic strategies enabling the access of aryl and alkyl-centered radicals, the exploitation of photochemistry to generate highly reactive alkenyl radicals has remained notably underdeveloped. In this review, we present recent advancements in visible-light-induced transformations that proceed through the generation of alkenyl radicals from alkenyl-containing precursors, predominantly alkenyl halides, showcasing their application in various organic transformations.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1217-1228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}