Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of Stilbene Derivatives in Sensitizing Breast Cancer Cells to Ionizing Radiation.","authors":"Dominika Komorowska, Agnieszka Zaczek, Sebastian Kalenik, Aleksandra Rodacka","doi":"10.33594/000000725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>One of the treatments for breast cancer is surgical resection of the tumour and prevention of recurrence with postoperative radiotherapy. Unfortunately, radiotherapy is not always effective enough due to the low sensitivity of cancer cells to ionising radiation. This study aimed to evaluate the radiosensitising properties of resveratrol, piceatannol and polydatin on breast cancer cells, which differ in the presence of hormonal receptors on their surface.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The experimental part was carried out on triple-negative breast cancer cells (HCC38) and hormone-dependent cells (MCF7). The study assessed the level of cell death, changes in the expression of genes (BAX, BCL-2) and proteins related to the apoptosis process (CASPASE 3, 8 and P53), changes in the expression of antioxidant enzymes (CATALASE, SOD, GPx1/2) and NRF-2. Additionally, the expression level of RAD51 protein and histone H2AX, which are involved in DNA repair processes, was assessed. Statistical significance was evaluated by a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ionising radiation in combination with resveratrol or piceatannol activates the apoptosis process by internal and external pathways. Greater sensitivity of MCF7 cells compared to HCC38 cells to ionising radiation in combination with resveratrol is associated with a weaker antioxidant response of cells and reduced intensity of DNA damage repair. DNA repair induced by ionising radiation occurs more effectively in HCC38 cells than in MCF7 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Resveratrol has the highest radiosensitising potential among the tested stilbene for cells of both lines. The effectiveness of ionizing radiation in combination with resveratrol (to a lesser extent with piceatannol) is more significant in MCF7 than in HCC38 cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lemon Juice and Peel Constituents Potently Stabilize Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells.","authors":"Aki Sato, Yu Kikuta, Itsuro Kazama","doi":"10.33594/000000723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Lemons (<i>Citrus limon</i> ) contain various nutrients and are among the most popular citrus fruit. Besides their antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties, clinical studies have indicated their anti-allergic properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the differential-interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, we examined the effects of lemon juice and peel constituents, such as citric acid, ascorbic acid, hesperetin and eriodictyol, on the degranulation from rat peritoneal mast cells. Using fluorescence imaging with a water-soluble dye, Lucifer Yellow, we also examined their effects on the deformation of the plasma membrane.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lemon juice dose-dependently decreased the number of degranulated mast cells. At concentrations equal to or higher than 0.25 mM, citric acid, hesperetin, and eriodictyol significantly reduced the number of degranulating mast cells in a dose-dependent manner, while ascorbic acid required much higher doses to exert significant effects. At 1 mM, citric acid, hesperetin, and eriodictyol almost completely inhibited exocytosis and washed out the Lucifer Yellow trapped on the mast cell surface, while ascorbic acid did not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides <i>in vitro</i> evidence for the first time that lemon constituents, such as citric acid, hesperetin, and eriodictyol, potently exert mast cell-stabilizing properties. These properties are attributable to their inhibitory effects on plasma membrane deformation in degranulating mast cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142124967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern.","authors":"","doi":"10.33594/000000724","DOIUrl":"10.33594/000000724","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142124966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of SK-N-SH Cells as a Model for NMDA Receptor Induced Toxicity.","authors":"Gunnar Goerges, Paul Disse, Stefan Peischard, Nadine Ritter, Christoph Brenker, Guiscard Seebohm, Nathalie Strutz-Seebohm, Julian A Schreiber","doi":"10.33594/000000722","DOIUrl":"10.33594/000000722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Over the years, the number of patients with neurodegenerative diseases is constantly rising illustrating the need for new neuroprotective drugs. A promising treatment approach is the reduction of excitotoxicity induced by rising (<i>S</i>)-glutamate levels and subsequent NMDA receptor overactivation. To facilitate the search for new NMDA receptor inhibitors neuronal cell models are needed. In this study, we evaluated the suitability of human SK-N-SH cells to serve as a cell model for neurodegeneration induced by NMDA receptor overstimulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cytoprotective effect of the unselective NMDA receptor blocker ketamine as well as the GluN2B-selective inhibitor WMS14-10 was evaluated utilizing different cell viability assays, such as endpoint (LDH, CCK-8, DAPI/FACS) and time dependent methods (bioimpedance).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Non-differentiated as well as differentiated SK-N-SH cells express GluN1 and GluN2B subunits. Furthermore, 50 mM (<i>S</i>)-glutamate led to an instantaneous decrease in cell survival. Only application of unselective channel blocker ketamine could protect differentiated cells against this effect, while the selective inhibitor WMS14-10 did not significantly increase cell survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SK-N-SH cells show an increased sensitivity to (<i>S</i>)-glutamate mediated cytotoxicity with higher differentiation level, that is only partially induced by NMDA receptor overstimulation. Furthermore, we showed that only unselective NMDA receptor inhibition can partially reverse (<i>S</i>)-glutamate-induced toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Ceramide ScFv Prophylaxis for First Responders to a Limited Nuclear Attack.","authors":"Jin Cheng, Prashanth K B Nagesh, Regina Feldman, Tambudzai Shamu, Zhigang Zhang, Zvi Fuks, Richard Kolesnick","doi":"10.33594/000000721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>After 9/11, multiple government agencies instituted programs aimed at developing medical radiation countermeasures (MRCs) for two syndromes lethal within weeks of a limited nuclear attack; the hematopoietic-acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) and the higher-dose gastrointestinal-acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS). While re-purposing drugs that enhance marrow repopulation treats H-ARS, no mitigator protects GI tract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recently reported anti-ceramide 6B5 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) pre-treatment abrogates ongoing small intestinal endothelial apoptosis to rescue Lgr5⁺ stem cells, preventing GI-ARS lethality in C57B/L6J mice. Here, with US Department of Defense support, we provide evidence that humanized anti-ceramide scFv (CX-01) is a promising prophylactic MRC for first responders, who risk exposure upon entering a radiation-contaminated site.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CX-01, when delivered up to 90 min before irradiation, is highly-effective in preventing small intestinal endothelial apoptosis in mice and lethality in both sexes. Unexpectedly, females require an ~2-fold higher CX-01 dose than males for full protection. CX-01 is effective subcutaneously and intramuscularly, a property critical for battlefield use. Increasing the maximally-effective dose 5-fold does not extend duration of bioeffectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While CX-01 prevents GI-ARS lethality, structural modification to extend half-life may be necessary to optimize first responder prophylaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulation of Aquaporin-3 and Glyceryl Glucoside Restoring Action in Hidradenitis Suppurativa in Vitro Models.","authors":"Cecilia Del Vecchio, Rossella Gratton, Cécile Nait-Meddour, Elena Maria Nardacchione, Ronald Moura, Eduardo Sommella, Chiara Moltrasio, Angelo Valerio Marzano, Blendi Ura, Donatella Mentino, Michele Boniotto, Adamo Pio d'Adamo, Giuseppe Calamita, Sergio Crovella, Paola Maura Tricarico","doi":"10.33594/000000720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is an aquaglyceroporin and peroxiporin that plays a crucial role in skin barrier homeostasis. Dysregulated AQP3 expression has been observed in different inflammatory skin conditions. Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is an autoinflammatory keratinization disease that typically appears between 10 and 21 years of age, characterized by alteration of skin barrier homeostasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To evaluate <i>in vitro</i> the role of AQP3 in the development of HS, we performed real-time PCR and Western blot to analyze gene and protein levels in human keratinocyte cell lines knock-out (KO) for <i>NCSTN</i> and <i>PSENEN</i> genes, simulating genetic-associated HS. Additionally, we investigated the impact of Glyceryl Glucoside (GG) on biological processes by performing MTT, scratch, proliferation assays and proteome studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We detected a significant decrease of the levels of AQP3 gene and protein in KO cell lines. GG effectively elevated the levels of mRNA and protein, significantly decreased the hyperproliferation rate, and enhanced cell migration in our <i>in vitro</i> model of genetic Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Pathway enrichment analysis further confirmed GG's role in the migration and proliferation pathways of keratinocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that AQP3 may act as a new novel actor in HS etio-pathogenesis, and GG could be further explored as potential treatment option for managing HS in patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flour Fortification Using Lablab Purpureus Evaluation with a Biosensor.","authors":"Felipe Jadán Piedra, Rodolfo Andrés Rivadeneira Z, María Isabel Zambrano Vélez, José Patricio Muñoz Murillo, Frank Guillermo Intriago Flor, Andrés Miguel Anchundia Loor, Yanelis Ramos Alfonso, Jose Alberto Vigueras Moreno, Herman Cevallos Sánchez, Jorge Milton Velepucha Sánchez, Efrain Pérez Vega, Lorena Daniela Domínguez Brito","doi":"10.33594/000000719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Due to rapid metabolic and growth rates during the first two years of life, the nutritional needs of young children are high. Given the small portion sizes consumed by children between the ages of 6 and 24 months, it is necessary to improve diets to meet the nutritional needs of this age group. Therefore, the analysis of lysine content is an important parameter in the evaluation of enriched foods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The utilization of an enzymatic sensor employing lysine-α-oxidase (LOx) as a biorecognition element represents an alternative to the existing methods. This sensor was optimized for quantifying the lysine content in flour mixtures: Quinoa-Lablab purpureus rye - Lablab purpureus, and pole beans - Lablab purpureus, with a maximum ratio of 85g/100g.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The addition of lablab purpureus significantly increased the lysine concentration in the enriched samples. When 30 percent was substituted in quinoa, it reached a 143 percent increase. And when 15 percent was substituted in the rye flour, the final concentration of this amino acid increased by 64 percent. In order to quantify the lysine concentration, it was necessary to optimize various parameters during the use of the sensor, e.g. a potentiometric signal was detected upon the depletion of oxygen present during the oxidation of lysine in the samples, and the sensor response was recorded at 2 s. This was possible due to the modification of the pH and the thickness of the membrane. The oxidation of lysine is catalyzed by LOx using molecular oxygen as the electron acceptor. The corresponding acidic compounds and hydrogen peroxide were formed in the reaction medium.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was possible to increase and verify the concentration of lysine in all the flours tested through the use of the biosensor, which turned out to be a valid method for controlling the nutritional quality of flours.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Copper and Cobalt Complexes for Antimicrobial Potential Applications.","authors":"Suhailah S Al-Jameel, Ibtisam M Ababutain, Azzah I Alghamdi, Amor Ben-Ali, Aml H Al-Nasir, Asayel H Alqhtani, Latifah K Aldewely, Mariam M Alhassan, Reem E Bakhurji, Wasan M AlGhamdi, Rana A Alzahrani, Israa A Alrabghi","doi":"10.33594/000000718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>The naturally occurring phenolic chemical curcumin (CUR), which was derived from the Curcuma longa plant, has a variety of biological actions, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Curcumin is known for its restricted bioavailability due to its hydrophobicity, poor intestinal absorption, and quick metabolism. To boost the biological effects of these bioactive molecules, it is necessary to raise both their bioavailability and their solubility in water. Aim: The aim of this study is to synthesize and characterize hybrid organic-inorganic complexes of copper and cobalt, and to evaluate their antimicrobial potential against a range of pathogenic microorganisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The synthesis of metal curcumin complexes (Cu-CUR and Co-CUR) was achieved by mixing curcumin with copper acetate monohydrate. The solid residue was isolated, filtered, and dried in an oven. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to identify the structure and phase of the prepared samples. FTIR spectra were recorded using a Shimadzu 2200 module. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared complexes was evaluated against four bacterial strains and two Candida species. The chemical materials were dissolved in DMSO to a final concentration of 20%, and the plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The results showed that the prepared complexes had antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study compared the Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of prepared copper and cobalt complexes to pure curcumin, revealing new, isostructural complexes. The FTIR analysis showed that the Cu-CUR and Co-CUR complexes varied in their inhibitory effect against microorganisms, with Co-CUR being more effective. The results are consistent with previous studies showing the cobalt-curcumin complex was effective against various bacterial genera, with inhibition activity varying depending on the species and strains of microorganisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Copper and cobalt curcumin complexes, synthesized at room temperature, exhibit high crystallinity and antimicrobial activity. Co-CUR, with its superior antibacterial potential, outperforms pure curcumin in inhibiting microbes. Further investigation is needed to understand their interaction mechanisms with bacteria and fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Oleuropein in AIF and MMP-9 in Traumatic Brain Injury Rat Model.","authors":"Abdurrahman Mousa, Ridha Dharmajaya, Julia Reveny, Khairul Putra Surbakti, Hanif Gordang Tobing, Syafruddin Ilyas, Rosita Juwita Sembiring, Cut Aria Arina, Wibi Riawan","doi":"10.33594/000000717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Traumatic brain injury is a significant public problem with an incidence of 10 million people per year, causing the largest deaths and disabilities worldwide. Head injuries can be classified into primary and secondary head injuries. Secondary head injuries can be caused by several factors such as ischemia, cerebral edema, and neuroinflammation. AIF and MMP-9 are two parameters that can be indicators in measuring the effect of Oleuropein on traumatic brain injury in rats. Oleuropein itself has many activities such as antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 grams) were exposed to head injury, with or without intraperitoneal administration of Oleuropein. Within 24-72 hours brain tissue was isolated for immunohistochemical analysis, ELISA, and TUNEL. AIF, GFAP, MMP-9, and HMGB-1 levels were determined using immunohistochemistry in both the control and treatment groups. Statistical analysis was made using the One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and paired t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that Oleuropein was able to reduce AIF and MMP-9 levels in rats with traumatic brain injury. This indicates that Oleuropein has a neuroprotective effect by reducing inflammation and apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oleuropein has a potential neuroprotective effect in traumatic brain injury by reducing inflammation and apoptosis. Therefore, Oleuropein can be considered as a potential therapeutic agent for traumatic brain injury in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidation of the Role of L-Arginine and N^ω-Nitro-L-Arginine in the Treatment of Rats with Different Levels of Hypoxic Tolerance and Exposure to Lead Nitrate.","authors":"Halina Tkaczenko, Oleksandr Lukash, Piotr Kamiński, Natalia Kurhaluk","doi":"10.33594/000000716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Individual resistance to hypoxia is an important feature of the physiological profile of an organism, particularly in relation to lead-induced toxicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study focused on evaluating parameters of mitochondrial oxygen consumption, microsomal oxidation, intensity of lipoperoxidation processes and antioxidant defences in the liver of rats with low (LR) and high (HR) resistance to hypoxia to elucidate the mechanisms of action of L-arginine and the NO synthase inhibitor L-NNA before or after exposure to lead nitrate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study suggests that the redistribution of oxygen-dependent processes towards mitochondrial processes under the influence of the nitric oxide precursor amino acid L-arginine is an important mechanism for maintaining mitochondrial respiratory chain function during <i>per os</i> lead nitrate exposure (3.6 mg lead nitrate/kg bw per day for 30 days). Animals were given L-arginine at a dose of 600 mg/kg bw (i.p., 30 min) before and after exposure to lead nitrate or the NO synthase inhibitor N^ω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) at a dose of 35 mg/kg bw (i.p., 30 min) before and after exposure to lead nitrate. Our experiments demonstrated the efficacy of using lead nitrate to simulate lead-related toxic processes via Pb levels in liver tissue; we demonstrated significantly reduced levels of nitrites and nitrates, i.e. stable metabolites of the nitric oxide system, in both LR and HR animals. The effect of the amino acid L-arginine stabilised the negative effects of lead nitrate exposure in both groups of LR and HR rats. We observed the efficiency of mitochondrial energy supply processes and showed a greater vulnerability of NADH-dependent oxidation during lead nitrate exposure in the liver of HR rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>L-arginine initiated the processes of oxidation of NADH-dependent substrates in the LR group, whereas in the HR group this directionality of processes was more effective when the role of the nitric oxide system was reduced (use of L-NNA). Our study of key antioxidant enzyme activities in rat liver tissue during lead nitrate exposure revealed changes in the catalase-peroxidase activity ratio. We found different activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver tissue of rats treated with lead nitrate and L-arginine or L-NNA, with a significant increase in GPx activity in the LR group when L-arginine was administered both before and after exposure to lead nitrate.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}