Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Exploration the Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Olive Leaf Extract on Physiological and Histopathological Changes on the Kidney of Diabetes Rats.","authors":"Mervat Ahmed AbdRabou, Ahmed Atwa, Zahrah R Alrayes, Diaa Massoud, Fawzyah A Alghamdi, Aml M Asran, Mousa O Germoush, Hanan M Alharbi, Hadeel K Alruwaili, Khadija Abdul Jalil Faddladdeen, Ahmed B M Mehany","doi":"10.33594/000000748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy, defined as diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester, often asymptomatic. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of olive leaf extracts and stem cells in mitigating GDM-induced complications, particularly focusing on renal function, oxidative stress, and pancreatic cell regeneration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Measurements were made in gravid female rats with or without intraperitoneal administration of Streptozotocin (35 mg/kg body weight). Biochemical analyses were conducted to evaluate renal function markers (urea, uric acid, creatinine) and oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase levels). Histopathological and immunohistopathological evaluations of kidney tissues were performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining and specific markers (p53, Insulin, and PCNA) to assess cellular changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The diabetic group exhibited significantly elevated levels of urea, uric acid, and creatinine (p<0.01) compared to the control group. Treatment with stem cells and olive leaf extracts significantly reduced these levels. Malondialdehyde levels were elevated in the diabetic group (p<0.01) but showed marked improvement in the treatment groups. Additionally, glutathione and superoxide dismutase activities were diminished in the diabetic rats (p<0.05) but increased following treatment. Histopathological and immunohistopathological analyses revealed cellular regeneration and improved tissue morphology in the treatment groups compared to the diabetic group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stem cells and olive leaf extracts exhibit significant therapeutic potential in ameliorating renal dysfunction, oxidative stress, and tissue damage associated with GDM, highlighting their role in enhancing pancreatic cell regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"58 6","pages":"807-822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of Blood Donor Nutrition: Blood Donor Health Improvement Studies.","authors":"Natalia Kurhaluk, Małgorzata Gradziuk, Halina Tkaczenko","doi":"10.33594/000000747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review provides an analysis of the current literature on the health and nutrition of blood donors, examining key aspects that affect the quality of donated blood and the well-being of donors. The review discusses effective iron absorption facilitated by key nutrients and presents evidence on the importance of a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients, such as vitamin B12 and folic acid. The review examines the differences in iron levels between men and women and highlights the role of sex hormones in regulating iron metabolism. In addition, the review discusses the link between psycho-emotional well-being and diet, showing that proper dietary habits can improve mental health, reduce stress, and enhance the donation experience. This article provides practical recommendations to support donor well-being and the effectiveness of blood donation programmes worldwide. By highlighting the differences between a modern diet and a diet tailored specifically for blood donors, we aim to emphasise the importance of a nutrient-dense diet for blood donors, which is critical for effective recovery and overall health maintenance. It is important to understand and incorporate different nutrient-dense foods that influence iron absorption for optimal health in blood donors. Donor health is also influenced by regular physical activity and psycho-emotional well-being. The 'healthy donor effect' and its implications for maintaining higher standards of donor health are explored in this review. This article highlights the fact that the diet of blood donors is influenced by gender, as men and women have different nutritional needs and physiological responses, particularly with regard to iron levels and recovery. The importance of enhancing or inhibiting iron absorption provides valuable evidence for food fortification as a cost-effective solution to reduce iron deficiency in blood donors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"58 6","pages":"756-806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate and Efficient Algorithm for Detection of Alzheimer Disability Based on Deep Learning.","authors":"Fayez Alfayez, Sergey Rozov, Mohamed S El Tokhy","doi":"10.33594/000000746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that severely affects cognitive functions and memory. Early detection is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. However, traditional diagnostic tools, such as MRI and PET scans, are costly and less accessible. This study aims to develop an automated, cost-effective digital diagnostic approach using deep learning (DL) and computer-aided detection (CAD) methods for early AD identification and classification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The proposed framework utilizes pretrained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature extraction, integrated with two classifiers: multi-class support vector machine (MSVM) and artificial neural network (ANN). A dataset categorized into four groups-non-demented, very mild demented, mild demented, and moderate demented-was employed for evaluation. To optimize the classification process, a texture-based algorithm was applied for feature reduction, enhancing computational efficiency and reducing processing time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The system demonstrated high statistical performance, achieving an accuracy of 91%, precision of 95%, and recall of 90%. Among the initial set of twenty-two texture features, seven were identified as particularly effective in differentiating normal cases from mild AD stages, significantly streamlining the classification process. These results validate the robustness and efficacy of the proposed DL-based CAD system.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study presents a reliable and affordable solution for early AD detection and diagnosis. The proposed system outperforms existing state-of-the-art models and offers a valuable tool for timely treatment planning. Future research should explore its application to larger, more diverse datasets and investigate integration with other imaging modalities, such as MRI, to further enhance diagnostic precision.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"58 6","pages":"739-755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-Treatment with Cranberry and Vitamin-C Mitigates Reproductive Toxicities Induced by Phenobarbital in Male Rats.","authors":"Heba Ali Abd El-Rahman, Ahmed Flayyih Hasan, Thura Alyasiri, Hany M El-Wahsh, Sarah A Althubyani, Mohamed A Basyony, Sabry Ali El-Naggar, Doha Hanafy Mahmod","doi":"10.33594/000000745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Phenobarbital (PB), commonly used for epilepsy management, is associated with testicular dysfunction after prolonged use. This study aimed to evaluate the ameliorative effects of cranberry (CB) and vitamin C (Vit-C) on PB-induced reproductive toxicity in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. G1 was the negative control, while G2 received PB (160 mg/kg orally) for one month. Groups G3 and G4 received PB followed by CB (500 mg/kg) and Vit-C (27 mg/kg) treatments, respectively. G5 received PB followed by a combined CB and Vit-C regimen. The levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reduced (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined using standard biochemical assays. Histological changes in testicular tissues were assessed, and caspase-3 expression was quantified via immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PB exposure increased MDA levels, reduced SOD and CAT activity, and disrupted testicular histology, with elevated caspase-3 expression indicating heightened apoptosis. Treatment with CB or Vit-C significantly restored antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced MDA levels, and ameliorated histological abnormalities. Co-treatment with CB and Vit-C yielded the most pronounced protective effects, including reduced caspase-3 expression and improved testicular structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CB and Vit-C demonstrate significant protective effects against PB-induced testicular toxicity, likely due to their antioxidative and anti-apoptotic properties. Co-administration of these agents offers an effective strategy to mitigate reproductive toxicities associated with prolonged PB use.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"58 6","pages":"722-738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Olive Leaf Extract Against Cytotoxicity Induced by Streptozotocin in Gestational Diabetes Rats.","authors":"Mervat Ahmed AbdRabou, Ahmed Atwa, Diaa Massoud, Aml M Asran, Zahrah R Alrayes, Aljohara M Al- Otaibi, Fawzyah A Alghamdi, Mousa O Germoush, Hadeel K Alruwaili, Ahmed Nabeeh, Ahmed B M Mehany","doi":"10.33594/000000744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), a prevalent complication in pregnancy, is characterized by the Diabetes Association as diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester, often remaining asymptomatic. This study investigates the intricate effects of Streptozotocin on pregnant rats, unraveling its impact on Gestational Type 2 Diabetes (GTD). The research delves into the potential therapeutic roles of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and olive leaf extract (OLE) in mitigating the consequences of Streptozotocin-induced pancreatic impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female rats were divided into control group, diabetic group, group treated with stem cells after diabetes, group treated with olive leaf extract after diabetes, and group treated with olive leaf extract and stem cells after diabetes. A comprehensive analysis was conducted for all study groups, including diabetic patients' files, hormonal dynamics, histopathological changes, tissue immune responses, and antioxidant mechanisms for all study groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the study showed that diabetes causes changes in the level of insulin, HB A1C, Fructosamine, HOMA-IR and hormones compared to control group. On the contrary, there was a noticeable improvement in these parameters after treatment with olive leaf extract and stem cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that the combination of OLE and MSCs emerges as a promising approach, demonstrating enhanced glycemic control, modulation of insulin resistance, and improvements in pancreatic islet health. Aso, histopathological results underscore positive effects on pancreatic islet integrity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stem Cells and Olive Leaf Extract demonstrate favorable effects on regenerative pancreatic cells under normal conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"58 6","pages":"702-721"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tendon Cell Biology: Effect of Mechanical Loading.","authors":"Mikołaj Stańczak, Bartłomiej Kacprzak, Piotr Gawda","doi":"10.33594/000000743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tendons play a crucial role in the musculoskeletal system, connecting muscles to bones and enabling efficient force transfer. However, they are prone to acute and chronic injuries, which, if not properly repaired, can significantly impair function. Tendinopathy, a prevalent condition affecting approximately 20% of musculoskeletal complaints, arises from an imbalance between micro-injury accumulation and repair processes. The extracellular matrix (ECM) of tendons is a hierarchical structure comprising collagen fibrils, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins that regulate organization, hydration, and mechanical properties. Mechanotransduction pathways, mediated by integrins and focal adhesion complexes, activate signaling cascades such as MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt, driving tenocyte gene expression and ECM remodeling. Adaptations to load involve region-specific remodeling, with tensile regions favoring aligned Type I collagen and compressive regions promoting proteoglycans like aggrecan. Stress shielding or reduced loading disrupts these pathways, leading to matrix disorganization and inflammation, predisposing tendons to degenerative changes. Insights into these molecular mechanisms inform rehabilitation strategies to enhance tendon repair and mitigate tendinopathy progression in both athletic and general populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"58 6","pages":"677-701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared from Camellia Sinensis Extracts in Multi-Drug Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus.","authors":"Hawazen Salih, Rami Altameemi, Ahmed Al-Azawi","doi":"10.33594/000000741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000741","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background/aims: &lt;/strong&gt;The nano-method has been used as a technique for creating novel, non-traditional antimicrobial agents. This effective method for treating infectious diseases has many advantages over conventional antibiotics, including increased efficacy against species that have developed drug resistance, and the ability to circumvent the development of resistance that disrupts a number of biological pathways. As a result, the objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles using phenolic compounds obtained from &lt;i&gt;Camellia sinensis&lt;/i&gt; . The nanoparticles were then used as antibacterial agents on the multidrug resistant &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus,&lt;/i&gt; as well as&lt;i&gt;,&lt;/i&gt; biofilm formation mechanism were also investigated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Ten isolates of &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; were acquired from the labs of the University of Baghdad's Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute. The VITEK-2 system was used to confirm the diagnosis. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of &lt;i&gt;Camellia sinensis&lt;/i&gt; leaves were used to create silver nanoparticles and obtain CAgNPs, which were then characterized using Atomic Fluorescence Microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Zeta potential analyzers. The extracts were put through a series of assays, including High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), antibacterial activity assessments, and the microtiter plate method to determine the lowest inhibitory concentration (MIC) and antibiofilm formation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Both aqueous and methanolic extracts containing silver nanoparticles included spherical nanoparticles that may be single or combined. The HPLC results showed the presence of two phenolic compounds (gallic acid and caffeine) by comparing their retention durations to those of the reference compounds. The results of the antibacterial activity of (CAgNPs) showed that the methanolic (CAgNPs) extract was more effective than the aqueous (CAgNPs) extract, producing inhibitory zones of 15.67 ± 0.58 and 20.33 ± 0.58 mm, at 375 and 750 ppm respectively, when compared to the aqueous (CAgNPs) extract, which produced inhibitory zones of 12.33 ± 0.58 and 15.67 ± 0.58 mm, respectively. The MIC result also showed that the CAgNPs methanolic extract was more effective than the CAgNPs aqueous extract. The MIC of the CAgNPs methanolic extract on &lt;i&gt;S. aureus&lt;/i&gt; isolates were 11.718 and 23.43 µg/ml, while the MIC of the CAgNPs aqueous extract on all &lt;i&gt;S. aureus&lt;/i&gt; isolates were 46.87 µg/ml except isolate No. 3 and 6 which was 11.718 and 93.75 µg/ml respectively. Additionally, The anti-biofilm in &lt;i&gt;S. aureus&lt;/i&gt; was increased when CAgNPs methanolic extract were used compared with the CAgNPs aqueous extract, the CAgNPs methanolic extract inhibited 80%, 90% and 100% of the biofilm formation of &lt;i&gt;S. aureus&lt;/i&gt; in 23.43, 46.87 and 93.75 µg/ml respectively, while the anti-biofilm activity of the CAgNPs aqueous extract on &lt;i&gt;S. au","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"58 6","pages":"659-676"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction.","authors":"","doi":"10.33594/000000739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000739","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"58 5","pages":"657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction.","authors":"","doi":"10.33594/000000736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000736","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"58 5","pages":"654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction.","authors":"","doi":"10.33594/000000740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33594/000000740","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9845,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"58 5","pages":"658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}