Chinese Journal of Catalysis最新文献

{"title":"Precise construction of Pt-O-W active sites via atom replacement on CuWOx nanoislands for efficient glycerol hydrogenolysis to 1,3-propanediol","authors":"Jieqi Zou ,&nbsp;Qian He ,&nbsp;Lei Liu ,&nbsp;Binbin Zhao ,&nbsp;Jinxiang Dong","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(25)64898-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(25)64898-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interfacial engineering is central to heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation. However, achieving the precise control of bimetallic interfaces in supported bifunctional catalysts remains a critical issue. Herein, we present a strategic atom-replacement approach in which Cu acts as a spatial mediator and anchoring site, enabling Pt to be selectively deposited onto CuWO_<em>x</em> nanoislands, thereby forming well-defined high-density Pt-WO_<em>x</em> active sites for the selective hydrogenolysis of glycerol. The characterization results demonstrate that Cu species modulate the electronic states of the Pt-WO_<em>x</em> centers, while the cooperative interaction between Pt and Cu enhances the hydrogen spillover across the Pt-WO_<em>x</em> interface. This synergy promotes the formation of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) by optimizing the reaction pathway. Consequently, the Pt-WO_<em>x</em>/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst achieved 65% selectivity to 1,3-PDO with a space-time yield of 0.302 g_1,3-PDO·g_cat⁻¹·h⁻¹ at a high glycerol concentration (30.0 wt%), outperforming all previously reported Al₂O₃-based systems. This work not only provides a new approach for nanoisland synthesis, but also offers valuable insights into interfacial control in heterogeneous catalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 347-358"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amorphous-crystalline heterostructured RuMoNiN/Ni-MoO2 for highly efficient and stable alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction","authors":"Mingtao Chu ,&nbsp;Huimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Bianqing Ren ,&nbsp;Jing Cao ,&nbsp;Teng Zhang ,&nbsp;Ping Song ,&nbsp;Zizhun Wang ,&nbsp;Ce Han ,&nbsp;Weilin Xu","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65011-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65011-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The amorphization and heterostructuralization of noble metal-based materials are effective approaches to enhance the electrocatalytic performance towards the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water splitting. Herein, (NH₄)₄[NiH₆Mo₆O₂₄]·5H₂O (NiMo₆) polyoxometalate was employed for the Ru combination to fabricate a heterostructured catalyst consisting of amorphous Ru_MoNiN and crystalline Ni-MoO₂ (Ru_MoNiN/Ni-MoO₂) via a simple annealing process under Ar/NH₃ atmosphere. Comprehensive structural characterizations and theoretical investigations suggest that the formation of such unique amorphous-crystalline heterostructures is governed by the application of NiMo₆ precursor and Ar/NH₃ atmosphere, which leads to the joint regulation on the electronic structure of Ru sites through -NH₂ coordination and heterostructured interaction, and thus facilitating the water dissociation and H intermediates sorption steps in the alkaline HER process. Accordingly, the as-fabricated Ru_MoNiN/Ni-MoO₂ manifests excellent HER performance demanding an overpotential of only 18.3 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm⁻² with a minimal overpotential decay rate of 0.62 mV h⁻¹ during continuous operation at 1 A cm⁻². This work offers constructive suggestions for the facile construction and structural regulation of amorphous-crystalline heterostructured noble metal-based electrocatalysts for various promising energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 96-105"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photothermal synergistic catalysis for enhancing hydrogen production activity","authors":"Xinyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Kewen Hu ,&nbsp;Shuang Cao ,&nbsp;Lingyu Piao","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)64953-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)64953-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production is regarded as an effective approach to address the energy crisis. Despite its rapid development, challenges such as low overall solar energy utilization efficiency persist, remaining far from meeting industrialization requirements. To overcome these limitations, we developed a highly active and cost-effective photothermal synergistic catalytic system by immobilizing a weakly hydrophobic mesoporous brookite TiO₂ photocatalyst on carbonized wood. Through gas-solid interface reconstruction (optimizing the traditional gas-liquid-solid three-phase system into a gas-solid configuration) and catalytic interface optimization (performing weak hydrophobic modification), the system facilitates more favorable water adsorption and efficient H₂ desorption. Meanwhile, the elevated reaction temperature accelerates kinetics, providing both thermodynamic and kinetic advantages. This system achieves an exceptional H₂ evolution rate of 11.98 μmol/(cm²?h) in pure water and 25.82 μmol/(cm²?h) in X-3B wastewater-surpassing state-of-the-art substrate-supported photothermal systems by 8–9 times in pure water splitting and outperforming non-substrate photothermal wastewater systems by 400-fold. Notably, this process enables simultaneous high-efficiency H₂ production and complete pollutant mineralization, offering a dual-benefit solution for sustainable energy and environmental remediation. These findings demonstrate the system's potential for scalable industrial hydrogen production, bridging the gap between laboratory-scale research and practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 106-116"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing built-in electric field within single-atom-anchored hollow architectures for efficient solar-thermal regulation in plastic photoreforming","authors":"Yi-Wen Han ,&nbsp;Run-Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Yu-Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Ye ,&nbsp;Phuc T.T. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Tian-Jun Gong ,&nbsp;Xue-Bin Lu ,&nbsp;Yao Fu ,&nbsp;Ning Yan","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)64974-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)64974-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The strategic engineering of nanostructure architecture and the in-depth understanding of structure-property relationships are pivotal for photocarrier-behavior dependent solar-thermal regulation. We present a general morphology-structure-control strategy for fabricating the isolated metal sites anchored chalcogenide hollow nanoreactors (single-atom metal/chalcogenide HNR, metal includes Pt, Pd, Ru, chalcogenide includes CdS, ZnIn₂S₄, Zn_0.5Cd_0.5S, CdIn₂S₄), they act as photothermal catalysts for plastic photoreforming. This methodology encompasses confinement cavity modulation via templated chalcogenide epitaxial growth and built-in electric field (BIEF) establishment via defect-mediated interface chemical bond construction. As-fabricated heterostructures integrate multilight scattering and directional charge transfer, leveraging hollow architectures and strong BIEF for stimulating the high-concentration carrier generation and driving continuous photocarrier localization and delocalized-electron transportation, thereby enhancing the photocarrier dynamics. Subsequently, photogenerated electron excitation-induced hot electron generation amplifies the photothermal response at atomically dispersed metal sites. Synergistic photothermal catalysis in these nanoreactors promotes complementary adsorption of key intermediates and unlocks low-dissociation-energy pathways of critical chemical bonds, thereby achieving selective transformation of hydroxyl to carbonyl coupled with clean hydrogen production. This work provides a paradigm for manipulating interfacial BIEFs between hollow nanostructure and single-atom sites, elucidating the substantial impact of these tailored architectures on photocarrier dynamics and solar-thermal regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 301-313"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial confinement and nitrogenous defect anchoring synergistically enhance Ru nanoparticles catalyst performance for industrial current densities hydrogen evolution","authors":"Zijie Wan ,&nbsp;Yuqi Yang ,&nbsp;Zhenquan Wang ,&nbsp;Linrui Wu ,&nbsp;Haipeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingfang Shi ,&nbsp;Xiang Liu ,&nbsp;Hanlin Yang ,&nbsp;Bohan Kang ,&nbsp;Quan Xu ,&nbsp;Jiaqing Luo ,&nbsp;Jian Liu","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65000-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65000-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) are emerging as a sustainable platform for efficient hydrogen production. However, the sluggish hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media remains a major challenge, primarily due to the lack of highly active and durable non-Pt catalysts. Herein, development of a high-performance alkaline HER catalyst is achieved through a triple-synergy strategy that combines spatial confinement, nitrogenous defect anchoring, and electronic modulation. The catalyst consists of ultrafine ruthenium nanoparticles supported on a three-dimensional spherical porous N-doped carbon framework (Ru/3DSPNC), synthesized through a soft-template method followed by stepwise pyrolysis. The optimized Ru/3DSPNC exhibits an ultralow overpotential of 11.2 mV at 10 mA/cm² in 1.0 mol/L KOH. When applied as the cathode in an AEMWE at 30 °C, it delivers a cell voltage of 1.9 V at 1 A/cm², with less than 5.6% voltage degradation over 310 h, outperforming commercial Pt/C. The excellent catalytic activity and long-term durability could be attributed to that the micropore-mesopore hierarchical architecture and nitrogenous defect provide effective spatial confinement and strong chemical anchoring for highly homogeneously dispersion Ru nanoparticles, and substrate nitrogen doping induces favorable orientation of interfacial H₂O for HER and generation of Ru^<em>δ</em>+ site possessing optimized Δ<em>G</em>_H*. This work presents a rational design strategy for advanced catalysts for the alkaline HER.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 130-143"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking catalyst synthesis strategies to CO2-modified Fischer-Tropsch performance in iron-carbon systems","authors":"Shican Jiang ,&nbsp;Mingyu Yi ,&nbsp;Zuozheng Liu ,&nbsp;Abhishek Dutta Chowdhury","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65007-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65007-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct thermocatalytic hydrogenation of CO₂ into value-added hydrocarbons is vital for advancing a sustainable carbon economy. However, the structural complexity and multi-step nature of catalyst synthesis often obscure the direct relationship between synthesis protocol and catalytic performance. To address this gap, we present an operationally simpler, safer to start up, and scalable strategy to develop carbon-coated iron-based catalysts (Fe@C and Fe@NC) through ball milling or impregnation of commercial iron salts with simple organic ligands (trimesic acid or salicylic acid), followed by pyrolysis. These catalysts feature tunable porosity, particle size, and surface composition, enabling systematic performance optimization in CO₂-modified Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (CO₂-FTS). Ball milling proved more effective for Fe@C systems, while impregnation was superior for Fe@NC systems, both achieving high selectivity for long-chain (C₅⁺) hydrocarbons and suppressing undesired C₁ byproducts. Ball milling promotes active site dispersion and carburization via porous frameworks, whereas impregnation facilitates cavity formation favorable for catalysis. Coupling these iron-based catalysts with ZSM-5 zeolites enabled aromatics production with enhanced stability. Correlations between synthesis route, catalyst architecture, and performance (activity, selectivity, structural control) were established. This work offers a practical synthesis–performance framework for designing CO₂-FTS catalysts, supporting future developments in carbon valorization and e-fuel production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 236-249"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly efficient upgrading of 1-butanol into 2‐ethyl‐1‐hexanol catalyzed by nickel pincer complexes","authors":"Xintao Zhu ,&nbsp;Qiuling Xia ,&nbsp;Yue Hu ,&nbsp;Yinjun Xie","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)64997-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)64997-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Guerbet reaction of biomass-derived 1-butanol offers a sustainable route to valuable 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (2-EH), yet faces significant challenges, including low conversions, poor selectivity and reliance on noble metal catalysts and additional solvents. Herein, we report a highly efficient nickel pincer-catalyzed system that achieves new records of 86% 1-butanol conversion and 80% 2-EH yield. This constitutes the first homogeneous non-noble metal catalyst for 1-butanol upgrading to higher alcohols with both high conversion and high TON. Furthermore, the protocol demonstrates broad applicability, enabling selective valorization of diverse alcohol feedstocks to their elongated counterparts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 368-374"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-engine active centers of Ru single atoms and nanoclusters synergistically enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction","authors":"Peilin Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaqing Zhuang ,&nbsp;Tianze Cui ,&nbsp;Zisen Wei ,&nbsp;Hua Xu ,&nbsp;Ruolin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuqi Yang ,&nbsp;Jiaqing Luo ,&nbsp;Weiyu Song ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Kong ,&nbsp;Zhenxing Li ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhao ,&nbsp;Jian Liu ,&nbsp;Yuanqing Sun","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65023-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65023-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of multiple active sites has been demonstrated to significantly enhance the electrocatalytic performance of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the precise construction of synergistic SAs/NCs sites and a thorough understanding of their reaction mechanisms remain challenging. Herein, a straightforward synthetic strategy is developed for the fabrication of Ru SAs and NCs supported on nitrogen-doped carbon spheres derived from m-aminophenol/formaldehyde resin (denoted as Ru_{1–<em>n</em>}@AFCS), achieved by tuning the ratio of resorcinol to m-aminophenol during phenolic resin polymerization. The optimized Ru_{1–<em>n</em>}@AFCS HER performance in alkaline media, requiring an overpotential of only 11.2 mV to achieve 10 mA cm⁻² and displaying a mass activity of 5158.2 A g⁻¹, which is 60 times higher than that of commercial 20% Pt/C (85.4 A g⁻¹) at –0.025 V <em>vs</em>. RHE. When integrated into an anion-exchange-membrane water electrolyzer, the catalyst achieves a current density of 1 A cm⁻² at 1.80 V with a remarkable noble metal mass activity of 55.2 A mg-Ru⁻¹. Combined experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that the nitrogen-doped carbon support modulates electronic structure of Ru NCs, while adjacent isolated Ru SAs facilitate hydrogen transfer via strong hydroxyl adsorption, collectively forming a “dual-engine” catalytic center that significantly enhances alkaline HER performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 80-95"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defect-engineered S-scheme charge transfer in TiO2/Zn0.5Cd0.5S heterojunction for high-efficiency photocatalytic hydrogen evolution","authors":"Baolong Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Sun ,&nbsp;Xingpeng Liu ,&nbsp;Wenyu Liu ,&nbsp;Shaonan Gu ,&nbsp;Guowei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(25)64909-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(25)64909-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic water splitting for H₂ evolution represents a viable approach to address energy and environmental challenges, but it still remains a significant challenge by inefficient light absorption, insufficient charge separation, and weak redox potentials. To tackle these problems, a defect-engineered S-scheme photocatalyst is designed and constructed by <em>in-situ</em> growing Zn_0.5Cd_0.5S nanoparticles on flower-like TiO₂ microspheres with oxygen vacancies (TiO₂-Ov) via a hydrothermal method, thus forming defect-engineered TiO₂-Ov/Zn_0.5Cd_0.5S S-scheme heterojunction. Remarkably, the optimal heterojunction achieves a superior H₂ evolution rate of 15.31 mmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹, surpassing those of TiO₂, TiO₂-Ov, Zn_0.5Cd_0.5S, and defect-free TiO₂/Zn_0.5Cd_0.5S by factors of 306.2, 56.7, 4.7, and 1.9, respectively. Notably, the presence of oxygen vacancies in TiO₂-Ov enables a broadened light absorption and introduces an intermediate energy level to provide an additional photo-induced charge transfer channel within the S-scheme heterojunction. Combining with defect engineering and S-scheme mechanism, the photocatalytic system significantly exhibits enhanced light-harvesting ability, accelerated the spatial separation and transfer of photo-induced charge, and preserved strong redox power. Simultaneously, the S-scheme charge transfer pathway in the TiO₂-Ov/Zn_0.5Cd_0.5S heterojunction is systematically validated through a combination of <em>in-situ</em> irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, kelvin probe force microscopy, femtosecond transient absorption spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance, and density functional theory calculation. This work highlights the synergistic effect of defect engineering and S-scheme heterojunction in boosting photocatalytic H₂ evolution, offering insights for designing high-performance photocatalyst.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 117-129"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zirconia-mediated interfacial catalysis for CO2 hydrogenation","authors":"Zhiyao Liu ,&nbsp;Tangkang Liu ,&nbsp;Chuan Qin ,&nbsp;Guoliang Liu ,&nbsp;Anmin Zheng","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)64996-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(26)64996-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Catalytic CO₂ hydrogenation to high-value chemicals/fuels by using green hydrogen, stemming from renewable energy, is regarded as one of the most promising approaches to alleviate the emissions of CO₂ and to build a carbon neutral society in the future. This requires the development of advanced catalyst design strategy. Zirconia has been widely used as a good catalyst support/promoter for the CO₂ hydrogenation reactions, because of its significant advantages in high thermal stability, tunable surface acidity/basicity, oxygen vacancy-mediated activation, and strong metal-support interactions. In the past few years, there has been an increasing number of advanced Zr-containing catalysts, mainly for methanol synthesis reaction. Despite some reviews involving Zr-containing catalyst systems, there is still lacking of a specific review to comprehensively address the role of Zr-induced synergistic sites/interfaces as well as their activation mechanism in CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol. Herein, this review will systematically summarize the representative four types of Zr-containing catalysts, including metal/ZrO₂ catalysts, oxide catalysts, multi-component catalysts, and MOF-derived catalysts in recent years, and deeply explore the nature of active sites/interfaces and reaction mechanisms in multiple dimensions. In addition, we will discuss the influence of surface hydroxyl groups on Zr-containing catalysts and water on the activity of methanol synthesis. Finally, we expand the research to CO₂ hydrogenation to higher alcohols/olefins and propose future research scopes for catalyst design. This review aims to provide fundamental insights into the rational design and optimization of high-performance Zr-containing catalysts for CO₂ hydrogenation reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}