Chinese Journal of Catalysis最新文献

{"title":"Graph neural network-driven prediction of high-performance CO2 reduction catalysts based on Cu-based high-entropy alloys","authors":"Zihao Jiao ,&nbsp;Chengyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Ya Liu ,&nbsp;Liejin Guo ,&nbsp;Ziyun Wang","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60264-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60264-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-entropy alloy (HEA) offer tunable composition and surface structures, enabling the creation of novel active sites that enhance catalytic performance in renewable energy application. However, the inherent surface complexity and tendency for elemental segregation, which results in discrepancies between bulk and surface compositions, pose challenges for direct investigation via density functional theory. To address this, Monte Carlo simulations combined with molecular dynamics were employed to model surface segregation across a broad range of elements, including Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, and Al. The analysis revealed a trend in surface segregation propensity following the order Ag &gt; Au &gt; Al &gt; Cu &gt; Pd &gt; Pt. To capture the correlation between surface site characteristics and the free energy of multi-dentate CO₂ reduction intermediates, a graph neural network was designed, where adsorbates were transformed into pseudo-atoms at their centers of mass. This model achieved mean absolute errors of 0.08–0.15 eV for the free energies of C₂ intermediates, enabling precise site activity quantification. Results indicated that increasing the concentration of Cu, Ag, and Al significantly boosts activity for CO and C₂ formation, whereas Au, Pd, and Pt exhibit negative effects. By screening stable composition space, promising HEA bulk compositions for CO, HCOOH, and C₂ products were predicted, offering superior catalytic activity compared to pure Cu catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 197-207"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microenvironment engineering of nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres encapsulated with Pd catalysts for highly selective hydrodeoxygenation of biomass-derived vanillin in water","authors":"Jun Wu ,&nbsp;Liqian Liu ,&nbsp;Xinyue Yan ,&nbsp;Gang Pan ,&nbsp;Jiahao Bai ,&nbsp;Chengbing Wang ,&nbsp;Fuwei Li ,&nbsp;Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60261-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60261-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Development of efficient and stable metal catalysts for the selective aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of biomass-derived oxygenates to value-added biofuels is highly desired. An innovative surface microenvironment modulation strategy was used to construct the nitrogen-doped hollow carbon sphere encapsulated with Pd (Pd@NHCS-<em>X</em>, <em>X</em>: 600–800) nanoreactors for catalytic HDO of biomass-derived vanillin in water. The specific surface microenvironments of Pd@NHCS catalysts including the electronic property of active Pd centers and the surface wettability and porous structure of NHCS supports could be well-controlled by the calcination temperature of catalysts. Intrinsic kinetic evaluations demonstrated that the Pd@NHCS-600 catalyst presented a high turnover frequency of 337.77 h^–1 and a low apparent activation energy of 18.63 kJ/mol. The excellent catalytic HDO performance was attributed to the unique surface microenvironment of Pd@NHCS catalyst based on structure-performance relationship analysis and DFT calculations. It revealed that pyridinic N species dominated the electronic property regulation of Pd sites through electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) and produced numerous electron-rich active Pd centers, which not only intensified the dissociation and activation of H₂ molecules, but also substantially improved the activation capability of vanillin <em>via</em> the enhanced adsorption of –C=O group. The fine hydrophilicity and abundant porous structure promoted the uniform dispersion of catalyst and ensured the effective access of reactants to catalytic active centers in water. Additionally, the Pd@NHCS-600 catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic stability and broad substrate applicability for the selective aqueous phase HDO of various biomass-derived carbonyl compounds. The proposed surface microenvironment modulation strategy will provide a new consideration for the rational design of high- performance nitrogen-doped carbon-supported metal catalysts for catalytic biomass transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 267-284"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced conversion of lignin into mono-cycloalkanes via C–C bonds cleavage over multifunctional Pt-Nb/MOR catalyst","authors":"Zhiruo Guo,&nbsp;Xiaohui Liu,&nbsp;Yong Guo,&nbsp;Yanqin Wang","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60260-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60260-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficient conversion of lignin into mono-cycloalkanes via both C–O and C–C bonds cleavage are attractive, but challenging due to the high C–C bond dissociation energy. Previous studies have demonstrated that NbO_<em>x</em>-based catalysts exhibited exceptional capabilities for C_Ar–C bond cleavage and broken the limitation of lignin monomers. In this work, we presented an economical multifunctional Pt-Nb/MOR catalyst that achieved an impressive monomer yield of 147% during the depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of lignin into mono-cycloalkanes. Reaction pathway studies showed that unlike traditional NbO_<em>x</em>-based catalytic system, bicyclohexane was an important intermediate in this system and followed the C_<em>sp</em>3–C_<em>sp</em>3 cleavage pathway after complete cyclic-hydrogenation. Deep investigations demonstrated that the doping of Nb in Pt/MOR not only enhanced the activation of hydrogen by Pt, but also increased the acidity of MOR, both of these are favor for the hydrogenolytic cleavage of C_<em>sp</em>3–C_<em>sp</em>3 bonds. This work provides a low-cost catalyst to obtain high-yield monomers from lignin under relatively mild conditions and would help to design catalysts with higher activity for the valorization of lignin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 285-296"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying a bi-molecular synergetic adsorption mechanism for catalytic transformation of ethanol/acetaldehyde into 1,3-butadiene","authors":"Xianquan Li ,&nbsp;Jifeng Pang ,&nbsp;Yujia Zhao ,&nbsp;Lin Li ,&nbsp;Wenguang Yu ,&nbsp;Feifei Xu ,&nbsp;Yang Su ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Yang ,&nbsp;Wenhao Luo ,&nbsp;Mingyuan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60262-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60262-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The catalytic synthesis of 1,3-butadiene (1,3-BD) from bio-based ethanol offers an alternative and sustainable process beyond petroleum. However, the intrinsic active sites and corresponding mechanism of 1,3-BD formation have not been fully elucidated yet. By correlating systematic characterization results with catalytic performance, the open Zr species, i.e., Zr(OH)(OSi)₃ moieties, were identified as the active site over the Zr/MFI-BM catalysts for the catalytic transformation of ethanol-acetaldehyde into 1,3-BD. In conjunction with controlled experiments and theory calculations, ethanol and acetaldehyde are proposed to synergistically co-adsorb on the Zr(OH)(OSi)₃ species in a bi-molecular mode, which assists the acetaldehyde condensation and accelerates the critical Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley-Oppenauer reduction, and accordingly promotes 1,3-BD formation. These findings will stimulate the search towards new metal-zeolite combinations for efficient production of value-added 1,3-BD via biomass-derived ethanol and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 297-307"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoration mechanism of photocatalytic H2O2/H2 production stability of ZnO/ZnS S-scheme heterojunction","authors":"Jindou Hu ,&nbsp;Miaomiao Zhu ,&nbsp;Zahid Ali Ghazi ,&nbsp;Yali Cao","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60240-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60240-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfide photocatalysts are one of the widely recognized excellent photocatalysts. However, the stability of sulfide photocatalysts has always been a challenging problem in the field of photocatalysis. Herein, an in-situ oxidation strategy was designed to construct ZnO/ZnS homologous S-scheme catalysts and solve its poor stability problem. The results indicates that the obtained ZnO/ZnS homologous heterojunction not only has dual-function performance, but also has good recover ability in photocatalytic performance: the photocatalytic H₂O₂ yield can reach 517.32 μmol g^–1 (in pure water) after two hours, the photocatalytic H₂ yield is 140.45 mmol g^–1 in 5 h, which were 2.2 times and 84 times than that of the ZnS, respectively. Excitingly, the recovery rate of photocatalytic performance can be increased from 33.3% to 97.2%. The excellent photocatalytic performance is attributed to that the obtained homologous heterojunction can not only broaden the light absorption capacity (370–600 nm), but also facilitate the separation and transfer of photogenerated electrons. The high recovery rate of photocatalytic stability is due to the re-generation of zinc oxide in the oxidation process, which makes the photocatalyst return to the original homologous heterojunction structure. Meanwhile, experimental results, density functional theory calculations and Kelvin probe force microscopy indicate that the photo-induced carrier transfer pathway follows the S-scheme heterojunction mechanism. This work provides new ideas and breakthroughs for the design and construction of sulfide photocatalysts with excellent photocatalytic stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 319-329"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous hydrogen production with photo reforming of lactic acid over MXene derived MoS2/TiO2/Ti3C2 nanowires","authors":"Seemal Mansoor ,&nbsp;Zixu Hu ,&nbsp;Yuxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tayyab ,&nbsp;Mazhar Khan ,&nbsp;Zeeshan Akmal ,&nbsp;Liang Zhou ,&nbsp;Juying Lei ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nasir ,&nbsp;Jinlong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60244-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60244-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing efficient photocatalysts to address collaborative energy and environmental crises still faces significant challenges. In this report, we present a highly efficient MXene–based photocatalyst, which is combined with MoS₂ nano patches and TiO₂/Ti₃C₂ (TTC) nanowires through hydrothermal treatment. Of all the composites tested, the optimized photocatalyst gave a remarkable H₂ and revolving polylactic acid (PLA) into pyruvic acid (PA). Achieving a remarkable H₂ evolution rate of 637.1 and 243.2 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹, in the presence of TEOA and PLA as a sacrificial reagent under UV-vis (<em>λ</em> ≥ 365 nm) light irradiation. The improved photocatalytic activity is a result of the combination of dual cocatalyst on the surface of TTC photocatalyst, which create an ideal synergistic effect for the generation of PA and the production of H₂ simultaneously. The MoS₂TiO₂/Ti₃C₂ (MTT) composite can generate more photoexcited charge carriers, leading to the generation of more active radicals, which may enhance the system's photocatalytic activity. This work aims at demonstrating its future significance and guide the scientific community towards a more efficient approach to commercializing H₂ through photocatalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 234-245"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic upgrading of waste PET to dimethyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate over defective sulfonated UiO-66def-SO3H supported Ru catalyst","authors":"Weitao Ou ,&nbsp;Yingdan Ye ,&nbsp;Yibin Zhang ,&nbsp;Huaiyuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Weichen Du ,&nbsp;Zhaoyin Hou","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60242-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60242-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly(ethylene glycol-co-1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol terephthalate) (PETG) possesses excellent properties and stability than traditional poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). However, the production and application of PETG are restricted by the expensive monomer (1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, CHDM). Direct upgrading of waste PET to dimethyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate (DMCD) can promote the production of CHDM in large scale. In this work, a bifunctional Ru/UiO-66_def-<strong>SO₃H</strong> catalyst was synthesized and utilized in coupled methanolysis (of waste PET to dimethyl terephthalate (DMT)) and hydrogenation (of DMT to DMCD) under mild condition. Characterizations revealed that Ru/UiO-66_def-<strong>SO₃H</strong> possessed mesopores (dominant channels of 2.72 and 3.44 nm), enlarged surface area (998 m²·g^–1), enhanced acidity (580 μmol·g^–1), and Ru nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed highly (45.1%) compared to those of Ru/UiO-66. These combined advantages could accelerate the methanolysis and hydrogenation reactions simultaneously, promoting the performance of direct upgrading of PET to DMCD in one pot. In particular, the conversion of PET and yield of DMCD over Ru/UiO-66_def-<strong>SO₃H</strong> reached 100% and 97.7% at 170 °C and 3 MPa H₂ within 6 h. Moreover, Ru/UiO-66_def-<strong>SO₃H</strong> was also capable for the upcycling of waste PET-based products including beverage bottles, textile fiber and packaging film to DMCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 363-374"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promotional effect of silica shell coated NiO physically mixed with Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst on methane dehydroaromatization","authors":"Jangeon Roh ,&nbsp;Kihun Nam ,&nbsp;Yong Hyun Lim ,&nbsp;Yeseul Hwang ,&nbsp;Hae Won Ryu ,&nbsp;Kyoungmin Kim ,&nbsp;Gyeongmin Seok ,&nbsp;Yangho Jeong ,&nbsp;Jong Hun Kang ,&nbsp;Jungyeop Lee ,&nbsp;Jong-Ki Jeon ,&nbsp;Do Heui Kim","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60267-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60267-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In our previous study, the activity and stability of the Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst were enhanced by mixing physically with NiO in methane dehydroaromatization (MDA) reaction. It has been confirmed that the physically mixed NiO not only promoted the dispersion of MoC_<em>x</em> active sites but also reduced the coke formation on the MoC_<em>x</em> owing to the CNTs growth on Ni. However, the promotional effect of NiO was limited when the particle size was reduced, due to the excessive interaction with MoO_<em>x</em> (forming NiMoO₄) which is detrimental to the MoC_<em>x</em> dispersion. In this study, to overcome the limitation, silica shell on NiO particles with various sizes (5, 15, 110 nm) was introduced. The catalyst with silica shell coated NiO with the size of 15 nm exhibited a significant improvement in both BTX yield and stability, and the catalyst with silica shell coated NiO with the size of 5 nm achieved the highest maximum BTX yield, about 7.2%. This study demonstrates that the catalytic performance improved as the NiO particle size decreased with the introduction of the silica shell. Combined transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed surface reaction of methane, CO chemisorption, visible Raman, and thermogravimetric analysis allowed us to confirm that a thin silica shell further enhances the MoC_<em>x</em> dispersion while preventing the formation of Ni-Mo complexes. However, when the size of NiO decreased to 5 nm, CNT growth on Ni was limited during the reaction, which is crucial for reducing coke formation on Mo active sites, thereby resulting in the decreased catalyst stabilization ability of Ni. Overall, this study indicates that the introduction of a silica shell in a controlled way can significantly enhance the promotional effect of physically mixed NiO on MDA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 220-233"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron carbide-catalyzed deoxygenative coupling of benzyl alcohols toward bibenzyls under hydrogen atmosphere","authors":"Yichao Wang ,&nbsp;Leilei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Pan ,&nbsp;Aiqin Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60256-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60256-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct deoxygenative homo-coupling of benzyl alcohols holds great promise to build up bibenzyl motifs in organic synthesis, yet it remains a grand challenge in selectivity and activity control. Herein, we first discovered that iron carbide catalysts displayed high efficiency and selectivity in the catalytic deoxygenative homo-coupling of benzyl alcohols into bibenzyls using H₂ as the reductant. Ir-promoted Fe⁰@Fe₅C₂ gave the best performance among the investigated catalysts, and a broad scope of substrates with diverse functional groups could be smoothly converted into bibenzyls, with the yield up to 85%. In addition, in the presence of alkenes, three-component coupling reactions between alcohols and alkenes were also for the first time achieved to construct more complex multi-ring molecules. The radical-trapping experiment and FTIR measurements revealed the radical nature of the reaction and the significantly promoted C–O bond activation after carbonization, respectively. This work will provide guidelines for the rational design of efficient and selective catalysts for the alcohol-involved carbon-carbon coupling reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 179-186"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic conversion of biomass waste to methane without external hydrogen source","authors":"Wenbing Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Si ,&nbsp;Mengjie Li ,&nbsp;Zhenggang Liu ,&nbsp;Rui Lu ,&nbsp;Fang Lu","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60237-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60237-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methane, the primary constituent of natural gas, shale gas, and flammable ice, serves as a crucial carbon-based energy source and chemical feedstock. Traditional gas reserves are universally acknowledged as limited and non-renewable resources over an extended timespan stretching from decades to millennia. Biomethane, with its unique renewable properties, showcases remarkable development potential and presents a compelling supplement and even alternative for fossil fuel. Although catalytic hydrothermal processes appear as promising valorization routes to transfer biomass to sustainable methane, the safety and supply source of high-pressure hydrogen remain key factors restricting the widespread application. Herein, a catalytic approach without an external hydrogen source was developed to transform waste biomass resources into CH₄ under the Ni-Mo catalyst. The total carbon yield of gas products reached up to 92.2%, of which the yield of methane and C₂–C₄ hydrocarbons were 44.9% and 3.0%, respectively. And it's calculated that approximately 343.6 liters of CH₄ could potentially be generated from 1 kilogram of raw biomass. Ni-based catalysts exhibited the robust activity in cleaving C–C and C–O bonds. And the introduction of an appropriate amount of molybdenum significantly enhanced catalytic performance of reforming and subsequent methanation reaction, likely due to the high adsorption capacity of highly dispersed Ni-Mo catalysts for carbon monoxide and hydrogen molecules, facilitating the methanation reaction. The pathway of catalytic methane production might be inferred that CO, H₂ and a large number of oxygen-containing intermediates were formed via decarbonylation, dehydrogenation, and retro-aldol condensation reaction under hydrothermal condition. These intermediates then underwent the reforming reaction to generate H₂ and CO₂, ultimately forming CH₄ through the methanation reaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 246-255"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}