Chinese Journal of Catalysis最新文献

{"title":"Focus on the catalysts to resist the phosphate poisoning in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells","authors":"Liyuan Gong ,&nbsp;Li Tao ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Xian-Zhu Fu ,&nbsp;Shuangyin Wang","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60162-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60162-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>ABSTRACT</h3><div>Investigating highly effective electrocatalysts for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC) requires the resistance to phosphate acid (PA) poisoning at cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Recent advancements in catalysts have focused on alleviating phosphoric anion adsorption on Pt-based catalysts with modified electronic structure or catalytic interface and developing Fe-N-C based catalysts with immunity of PA poisoning. Fe-N-C-based catalysts have emerged as promising alternatives to Pt-based catalysts, offering significant potential to overcome the characteristic adsorption of phosphate anion on Pt. An overview of these developments provides insights into catalytic mechanisms and facilitates the design of more efficient catalysts. This review begins with an exploration of basic poisoning principles, followed by a critical summary of characterization techniques employed to identified the underlying mechanism of poisoning effect. Attention is then directed to endeavors aimed at enhancing the HT-PEMFC performance by well-designed catalysts. Finally, the opportunities and challenges in developing the anti-PA poisoning strategy and practical HT-PEMFC is discussed. Through these discussions, a comprehensive understanding of PA-poisoning bottlenecks and inspire future research directions is aim to provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 155-176"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective utilization of formaldehyde stabilizing additive and methoxy groups in lignin for the production of high-carbon-number arenes","authors":"Lin Dong ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Fang ,&nbsp;Qianbo Yuan ,&nbsp;Yong Fan ,&nbsp;Yong Yang ,&nbsp;Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Shixiong Sheng ,&nbsp;Yanqin Wang ,&nbsp;Zupeng Chen","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60186-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60186-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>ABSTRACT</h3><div>Many strategies have been proposed to produce arenes from lignin as liquid fuel additives. However, the development of these methods is limited by the low yield of products, low atom utilization, and inefficient lignin depolymerization. Herein, we develop an energy-efficient synthetic method for the production of high-carbon-number arenes from sustainable lignin with a total yield of 23.1 wt%. Particularly, high carbon number arenes are obtained by fully utilizing the formaldehyde stabilizing additive and the methoxy group in lignin. The process begins with the reductive depolymerization of formaldehyde-stabilized lignin, followed by transmethylation between lignin monomers over Au/Nb₂O₅ catalyst, and the Ru/Nb₂O₅-catalyzed hydrodeoxygenation. This work demonstrates the potential of value-added arenes production directly from lignin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 356-365"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dimethoxymethane carbonylation and disproportionation over extra-large pore zeolite ZEO-1: Reaction network and mechanism","authors":"Shaolei Gao ,&nbsp;Peng Lu ,&nbsp;Liang Qi ,&nbsp;Yingli Wang ,&nbsp;Hua Li ,&nbsp;Mao Ye ,&nbsp;Valentin Valtchev ,&nbsp;Alexis T. Bell ,&nbsp;Zhongmin Liu","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60187-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60187-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>ABSTRACT</h3><div>Methyl methoxyacetate (MMAc) and methyl formate (MF) can be produced directly by heterogeneous zeolite-catalyzed carbonylation and disproportionation of dimethoxymethane (DMM), with near 100% selectivity for each process. Despite continuous research efforts, the insight into the reaction mechanism and kinetics theory are still in their nascent stage. In this study, ZEO-1 material, a zeolite with up to now the largest cages comprising 16×16-MRs, 16×12-MRs, and 12×12-MRs, was explored for DMM carbonylation and disproportionation reactions. The rate of MMAc formation based on accessible Brönsted acid sites is 2.5 times higher for ZEO-1 (Si/Al = 21) relative to the previously investigated FAU (Si/Al = 15), indicating the positive effect of spatial separation of active sites in ZEO-1 on catalytic activity. A higher MF formation rate is also observed over ZEO-1 with lower activation energy (79.94 <em>vs.</em> 95.19 kJ/mol) compared with FAU (Si/Al = 30). Two types of active sites are proposed within ZEO-1 zeolite: <strong>Site 1</strong> located in large cages formed by 16×16-MRs and 16×12-MRs, which is active predominantly for MMAc formation, and <strong>Site 2</strong> located in smaller cages for methyl formate/dimethyl ether formation. Kinetics investigation of DMM carbonylation over ZEO-1 exhibit a first-order dependence on CO partial pressure and a slightly inverse-order dependence on DMM partial pressure. The DMM disproportionation is nearly first-order dependence on DMM partial pressure, while it reveals a strongly inverse dependence with increasing CO partial pressure. Furthermore, ZEO-1 exhibits good catalytic stability, and almost no deactivation is observed during the more than 70 h test with high carbonylation selectivity of above 89%, due to the well-enhanced diffusion property demonstrated by intelligent-gravimetric analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 230-245"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A stable acyl cobalt-based catalyst with exceptionally elevated activity for the carbonylation of epoxides into β-lactones","authors":"Jianwei Jiang ,&nbsp;Vinothkumar Ganesan ,&nbsp;Inrack Choi ,&nbsp;Jeongcheol Shin ,&nbsp;Sungho Yoon ,&nbsp;Kiyoung Park","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60182-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60182-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>ABSTRACT</h3><div>Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a well-known biodegradable polymer, features <em>β</em>-lactones as its monomers, which can be selectively synthesized through ring-expansion carbonylation of epoxides using well-defined [Lewis acid]⁺[Co(CO)₄]^– catalysts. However, the decomposition of [Co(CO)₄]^– species at temperatures exceeding 80 °C presents a hurdle for the development of commercially viable processes under high-temperature reaction conditions to reduce reaction time. Drawing insights from stable {(acyl)Co(CO)_<em>n</em>} intermediates involved in historical HCo(CO)₄-catalyzed hydroformylation processes, we sought to the high-temperature catalytic activity of epoxide ring-expansion carbonylation. The developed catalyst system, [(acetyl)Co(CO)₂dppp] and [(TPP)CrCl], exhibited exceptional catalytic performance with an unprecedented initial turnover frequency of 4700 h^–1 at 100 °C and a turnover numbers of 93000. Notably, the catalyst displayed outstanding stability, operating at 80 °C for 168 h while selectively generating <em>β</em>-lactones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 336-344"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-entropy alloy nanocrystals boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution coupled with selective oxidation of cinnamyl alcohol","authors":"Xianglin Xiang ,&nbsp;Bei Cheng ,&nbsp;Bicheng Zhu ,&nbsp;Chuanjia Jiang ,&nbsp;Guijie Liang","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60167-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60167-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>ABSTRACT</h3><div>Photocatalysis provides a promising solution to the worldwide shortages of energy and industrially important raw materials by utilizing sunlight for coupled hydrogen (H₂) production with controllable organic transformation. Herein, we demonstrate that PtFeNiCoCu high-entropy alloy (HEA) nanocrystals can act as efficient cocatalysts for H₂ evolution coupled with selective oxidation of cinnamyl alcohol to cinnamaldehyde by cubic cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots (QDs) with uniform sizes of 4.0 ± 0.5 nm. HEA nanocrystals were prepared <em>via</em> a simple solvothermal approach, and were successfully integrated with CdS QDs by an electrostatic self-assembly method to construct HEA/CdS composites. The optimized HEA/CdS sample presented an enhanced photocatalytic H₂ production rate of 7.15 mmol g^–1 h^–1, which was 13 times that of pure CdS QDs. Moreover, a cinnamyl alcohol conversion of 96.2% with cinnamaldehyde selectivity of 99.5% was achieved after photoreaction for 3 h. The integration of HEA with CdS QDs extended the optical absorption edge from 475 to 484 nm. From <em>d</em>-band center analysis, Pt atoms in the HEA are the active sites for H₂ evolution, exhibiting higher catalytic activity than pure Pt. Meanwhile, the band structure of the CdS QDs enables the oxidative transformation of cinnamyl alcohol to cinnamaldehyde with high selectivity. Moreover, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy shows that HEA can significantly promote the separation of photogenerated carriers in CdS, which is vital for achieving enhanced photocatalytic activity. This work inspires atomic-level design of photocatalytic materials for coordinated production of green energy carriers and value-added products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 326-335"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A visible-light-driven CoS2/CuS@CNT-C3N4 photocatalyst for high-performance rechargeable zinc-air batteries beyond 500 mW cm–2","authors":"Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Nengneng Xu ,&nbsp;Bingbing Gong ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Ye ,&nbsp;Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Zhaodi Wang ,&nbsp;Biyan Zhuang ,&nbsp;Min Wang ,&nbsp;Woochul Yang ,&nbsp;Guicheng Liu ,&nbsp;Joong Kee Lee ,&nbsp;Jinli Qiao","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60173-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60173-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>ABSTRACT</h3><div>Storing solar energy in battery systems is crucial to achieving a green and sustainable society. However, the efficient development of photo-enhanced zinc-air batteries (ZABs) is limited by the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers on the photocathode. In this work, the visible-light-driven CoS₂/CuS@CNT-C₃N₄ photocatalyst with unique petal-like layer structure was designed and developed, which can be used as air electrode for visible-light-driven ZABs. The superior performance of ZABs assembled by CoS₂/CuS@CNT-C₃N₄ was mainly attributed to the successful construction of Schottky heterojunction between g-C₃N₄ and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which accelerates the transfer of electrons from g-C₃N₄ to CoS₂/CuS cocatalysts, improves the carrier separation ability, and extends the carrier lifetime. Thereinto, the visible-driven ZABs assembled by CoS₂/CuS@CNT-C₃N₄ photocatalyst has a power density of 588.90 mW cm^–2 and a charge-discharge cycle of 643 h under visible light irradiation, which is the highest performance ever reported for photo-enhanced ZABs. More importantly, the charge-discharge voltage drop of ZABs was only 0.54 V under visible light irradiation, which is significantly lower than the voltage drop (0.94 V) in the dark. This study provides a new idea for designing efficient and stable visible-light-driven ZABs cathode catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 300-310"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semiconductor-cocatalyst interfacial electron transfer in actual photocatalytic reaction","authors":"Jiazang Chen","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60178-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60178-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>ABSTRACT</h3><div>Semiconductor-cocatalyst interfacial electron transfer has widely been considered as a fast step occurring on picosecond-microsecond timescale in photocatalytic reaction. However, the formed potential barriers severely slow this interfacial electronic process by thermionic emission. Although trap-assisted charge recombination can transfer electrons from semiconductor to cocatalyst and can even be evident under weak illumination, the parallel connection with thermionic emission makes the photocatalytic photon utilization encounter a minimum along the variation of light intensity. By this cognition, the light-intensity-dependent photocatalytic behaviors can be predicted by simulating the photoinduced semiconductor-cocatalyst interfacial electron transfer that mainly determines the reaction rate. We then propose a (photo)electrochemical method to evaluate the time constants for occurring this interfacial electronic process in actual photocatalytic reaction without relying on extremely high photon flux that is required to generate discernible optical signal in common instrumental methods based on ultrafast pulse laser. The evaluated decisecond-second timescale can accurately guide us to develop certain strategies to facilitate this rate-determining step to improve photon utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 213-222"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversible encapsulation tailored interfacial dynamics for boosting the water-gas shift performance","authors":"Nanfang Tang ,&nbsp;Qinghao Shang ,&nbsp;Shuai Chen ,&nbsp;Yuxia Ma ,&nbsp;Qingqing Gu ,&nbsp;Lu Lin ,&nbsp;Qike Jiang ,&nbsp;Guoliang Xu ,&nbsp;Chuntian Wu ,&nbsp;Bing Yang ,&nbsp;Zhijie Wu ,&nbsp;Hui Shi ,&nbsp;Jian Liu ,&nbsp;Wenhao Luo ,&nbsp;Yu Cong","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60193-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60193-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>ABSTRACT</h3><div>Revealing the structure evolution of interfacial active species during a dynamic catalytic process is a challenging but pivotal issue for the rational design of high-performance catalysts. Here, we successfully prepare sub-nanometric Pt clusters (~0.8 nm) encapsulated within the defects of CeO₂ nanorods <em>via</em> an <em>in-situ</em> defect engineering methodology. The as-prepared Pt@<em>d</em>-CeO₂ catalyst significantly boosts the activity and stability in the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction compared to other analogs. Based on controlled experiments and complementary (<em>in-situ</em>) spectroscopic studies, a reversible encapsulation induced by active site transformation between the Pt²⁺-terminal hydroxyl and Pt^<em>δ</em>+-O vacancy species at the interface is revealed, which enables to evoke the enhanced performance. Our findings not only offer practical guidance for the design of high-efficiency catalysts but also bring a new understanding of the exceptional performance of WGS in a holistic view, which shows a great application potential in materials and catalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 394-403"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Ni-Co synergy in bifunctional hydroxide cocatalysts for better cooperation of CO2 reduction and H2O oxidation in 2D S-scheme photosynthetic systems","authors":"Lingxuan Hu ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qian Lin ,&nbsp;Fengying Cao ,&nbsp;Weihao Mo ,&nbsp;Shuxian Zhong ,&nbsp;Hongjun Lin ,&nbsp;Liyan Xie ,&nbsp;Leihong Zhao ,&nbsp;Song Bai","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60174-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60174-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>ABSTRACT</h3><div>Layered transition metal hydroxides show distinct advantages in separately co-catalyzing CO₂ reduction and H₂O oxidation at the electron-accumulating and hole-accumulating sites of wrapped heterojunction photocatalysts, while concurrently preventing side reactions and photocorrosion on the semiconductor surface. Herein, Ni-Co bimetallic hydroxides with varying Ni/Co molar ratios (Ni_<em>x</em>Co_{1–<em>x</em>}(OH)₂, <em>x</em> = 1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25, and 0) were grown <em>in situ</em> on a model 2D/2D S-scheme heterojunction composed of Cu₂O nanosheets and Fe₂O₃ nanoplates to form a series of Cu₂O/Fe₂O₃@Ni_<em>x</em>Co_{1–<em>x</em>}(OH)₂ (CF@NiCo) photocatalysts. The combined experimental and theoretical investigation demonstrates that incorporating an appropriate amount of Co into Ni(OH)₂ not only modulates the energy band structure of Ni_<em>x</em>Co_{1–<em>x</em>}(OH)₂, balances the electron- and hole-trapping abilities of the bifunctional cocatalyst and maximizes the charge separation efficiency of the heterojunction, but also regulates the <em>d</em>-band center of Ni_<em>x</em>Co_{1–<em>x</em>}(OH)₂, reinforcing the adsorption and activation of CO₂ and H₂O on the cocatalyst surface and lowering the rate-limiting barriers in the CO₂-to-CO and H₂O-to-O₂ conversion. Benefiting from the Ni-Co synergy, the redox reactions proceed stoichiometrically. The optimized CF@Ni_0.75Co_0.25 achieves CO and O₂ yields of 552.7 and 313.0 μmol g_cat^–1 h^–1, respectively, 11.3/9.9, 1.6/1.7, and 4.5/5.9-fold higher than those of CF, CF@Ni, and CF@Co. This study offers valuable insights into the design of bifunctional noble-metal-free cocatalysts for high-performance artificial photosynthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 311-325"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divulging the potential role of wide band gap semiconductors in electro and photo catalytic water splitting for green hydrogen production","authors":"Athira Krishnan ,&nbsp;K. Archana ,&nbsp;A.S. Arsha ,&nbsp;Amritha Viswam ,&nbsp;M.S. Meera","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60156-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-2067(24)60156-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>ABSTRACT</h3><div>Green hydrogen is the most promising option and a two in one remedy that resolve the problem of both energy crisis and environmental pollution. Wide band gap semiconductors (WBG) (<em>E</em>_g &gt;2 eV) are the most prominent and leading catalytic materials in both electro and photocatalytic water splitting (WSR); two sustainable methods of green hydrogen production. WBGs guarantee long life time of photo charge carriers and thereby surface availability of electrons and holes. Therefore, WBG (with appropriate VB-CB potential) along with small band gap materials or sensitizers can yield extraordinary photocatalytic system for hydrogen production under solar light. The factors such as, free energy of hydrogen adsorption (Δ<em>G</em>_H*) close to zero, high electron mobility, great thermal as well as electro chemical stability and high tunability make WBG an interesting and excellent catalyst in electrolysis too. Taking into account the current relevance and future scope, the present review article comprehends different dimensions of WBG materials as an electro/photo catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction. Herein WBG semiconductors are presented under various classes; viz. II-VI, III-V, III-VI, lanthanide oxides, transition metal based systems, carbonaceous materials and other systems such as SiC and MXenes. Catalytic properties of WBGs favorable for hydrogen production are then reviewed. A detailed analysis on relationship between band structure and activity (electro, photo and photo-electrochemical WSR) is performed. The challenges involved in these reactions as well as the direction of advancement in WBG based catalysis are also debated. By virtue of this article authors aims to guideline and promote the development of new WBG based electro/photocatalyst for HER and other applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9832,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 103-154"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}