中国实用医药最新文献

{"title":"Spontaneous hematomas in hospital patients with new coronavirus infection","authors":"M. Plotnikov, A. V. Maksimov, A. Teregulov, R. M. Mullakhmetov","doi":"10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-82-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-82-87","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment of the new coronavirus infection (NCVI) is associated with high risks of hemorrhagic complications. This is due to the use of anticoagulants to prevent coagulopathy and thrombotic complications, which are the most frequent and severe complications of NCVI. The article presents the results of a retrospective analysis of 80 cases of spontaneous hematomas in patients with NCVI who were treated in a temporary infectious diseases hospital of the Republic of Clinical Hospital. Verification of the diagnosis was carried out using clinical data, ultrasound diagnostics, and computed tomography. The mean age of the patients was 62.4 ± 14.47 years. The most common localizations of spontaneous hematoma were: abdominal wall — 31.3%, retroperitoneal hematoma — 26.3%, chest hematoma — 16.3%, lower or upper limb — 8.8%, neck — 3.8%, combined hematomas — 5%. The number of small hematomas was 87.5%, large – 12.5%. The highest incidence of spontaneous hematomas (74%) and mortality (22%) was recorded in the group of patients receiving therapeutic doses of anticoagulants. X-ray endovascular diagnosis of the source of bleeding and its embolization was performed in 15 patients. The use of therapeutic doses in patients with NCVI is accompanied by a high risk of developing spontaneous hematomas and, as a result, increases the risk of death. X-ray endovascular embolization of spontaneous hematomas is an effective and safe method of treatment in patients with NCVI.","PeriodicalId":9821,"journal":{"name":"中国实用医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78311822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To the 200th anniversary of teaching Pediatrics and to the 90th anniversary of Pediatric Faculty of Kazan State Medical University. Contribution of Kazan scientists to the development of Russian pediatrics","authors":"S. Malcev, O. I. Pikuza, E. Generalova, F. Rizvanova","doi":"10.32000/2072-1757-2023-1-105-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-1-105-110","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the history of Russian pediatrics development contributes, on the one hand, to the preservation of continuity and traditions, and on the other hand, serves as a foundation for further study of topical problems of pediatrics. The purpose — to analyze the contribution of Kazan scientists to the development of Russian pediatrics. Material and methods. A review of periodic and monographic literature was carried out. Results. The article presents information about the contribution of Kazan scientists to the development of Russian pediatrics. The development of the Kazan school of pediatricians and pediatric infectologists is consistently traced — from the birth of the pediatric school in Kazan in the 19th century to the present time. The contribution of outstanding representatives of the Kazan school to the national pediatrics is described, and the continuity between pediatricians of different generations is also noted. Conclusion. The research of Kazan scientists has always corresponded to the most pressing problems of pediatrics and was designed to solve them.","PeriodicalId":9821,"journal":{"name":"中国实用医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79905262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and instrumental diagnostics of early changes in the atlantoaxial area in ankylosing spondylitis","authors":"A. Garaeva, S. Lapshina, V. Anisimov, R. Abdrakipov, E. Sukhorukova, Z. Gabdullina, E. S. Zamanova, D. Abdulganieva, E. Bogdanov","doi":"10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-68-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-68-73","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose — to assess the early imaging changes in the atlantoaxial area and to compare them with clinical and laboratory characteristics in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Material and methods. 20 patients with AS were examined, the average age is 44.2 ± 12.66 y. o. Activity (ASDAS(CRP)): very high — 85%, high — 5%, low — 10%. X-ray stage of sacroiliitis: 2 — 60%, 3 — 15%, 4 — 25%. Functional deficiency (FD): 3 — 55%, 2 — 20%, 1 — 25%. The duration of illness was 176 [2; 360] months. The extended clinical examination included: assessment of neurological status, presence of components of neuropathic pain (NP) and central sensitization (CS), assessment of quality of life, degree of functional disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the craniovertebral junction was performed with the measurement of 5 craniometric parameters (CMP) for the presence of translocation of the dens axis. Results. Neck pain syndrome — 75%: inflammatory — 95%, non-inflammatory — 80% (NP — 65%, CS — 50%). VAS: 5.75 ± 2.09. FD: BASMI — 3.86 [2; 7], BASFI — 4,84 [0,7; 8,7]. 75% — limitation of neck rotation, 65% — increase in the distance of the trestle-wall. CMP: 100% — decrease in the retroflex angle, 20% — increase in the anterior atlantodental index, 15% — translocation relative to the Chamberlain line, 10% increase in pB-C2, 5% — decrease in the posterior atlantodental index. A correlation was revealed between the CMP with the X-ray stage (rSp = 0.629; p = 0.021), BASMI (rSp = 0.575; p = 0.04) and the psychological component SF-36 (rSp = 0.570; p = 0.042). The angle of retroflexion with the duration of the disease (rSp = -0.580; p = 0.038), CRP (rSp = 0.624; p = 0.023). Conclusions. All patients with AS had pathological MRI changes in the form of initial manifestations of translocation of the dens, which had nonspecific clinical manifestations. Changes in craniovertebral transition to MRI did not correlate with disease activity (ASDAS (CRP)), but were associated with the level of CRP, duration of the disease, X-ray stage of sacroiliitis and functional indices (BASMI).","PeriodicalId":9821,"journal":{"name":"中国实用医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75997577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treating diaphyseal fracture of shin bones in children and adolescents","authors":"P. Andreyev, A. Skvortsov, I. Tsoy, R. F. Khasanov","doi":"10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-36-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-36-40","url":null,"abstract":"The report is based on the study of the results of treatment of 102 patients with diaphyseal fractures of shin bones [DFSB], aged 4–17 y. o., treated in the children’s Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics of Children’s Republic Clinical Hospital of the Republic of Tatarstan. In 18 patients with stable fractures of shin bones, the fracture was repositioned and fixed with a plaster cast. 31 patients with unstable fractures underwent bypass polysynostosis after a closed manual reposition of a fracture of shin bones with a plaster cast. Osteosynthesis with elastic nails (TEN) was performed in 32 patients after closed reposition. 21 patients were treated with extra-focal transosseous osteosynthesis. The authors developed an algorithm for the treatment of patients with shin bones fractures in children and adolescents.","PeriodicalId":9821,"journal":{"name":"中国实用医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76208254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the issue of providing medical assistance to patients with community-acquired pneumonia in rural hospitals of Stavropol Territory","authors":"N. E. Afanasiev, O. Pozdnyakova","doi":"10.32000/2072-1757-2023-1-59-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-1-59-62","url":null,"abstract":"A retrospective analysis of medical documentation of 1134 patients with community-acquired pneumonia in round-the-clock hospitals in the Shpakovsky district of Stavropol Territory was carried out. The sensitivity of the main bacterial pathogens of the disease, such as Streptococcus pneumonia, Enterobacteriacea spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp., Haemophilus influenza, was determined in 65.0% of patients. The search for epidemiologically significant pathogens of the respiratory tract infectious pathology, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, was not carried out during the analyzed period. The wrong choice of starting antibiotic therapy was made in 34% of cases. In half of the hospitalized patients the antibiotic therapy effectiveness was reviewed. Evaluation of the antibacterial therapy results showed a violation of the management tactics in patients with community-acquired pneumonia and its inconsistency with clinical recommendations. The identified problems of therapy in patients with community-acquired pneumonia led to long periods of hospitalization and increased health care costs.","PeriodicalId":9821,"journal":{"name":"中国实用医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87861245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurotoxic complications of chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","authors":"O. Koryakina, D. S. Cherepanova","doi":"10.32000/2072-1757-2023-4-139-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-4-139-142","url":null,"abstract":"Modern therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children shows high efficiency. However, the outcome of the disease is often determined by the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs. In particular, neurotoxicity, which is characteristic of most anticancer drugs, can lead to severe neurological disorders, which significantly aggravates the course of the underlying disease and determines the formation of disability. The article presents two clinical cases that demonstrate severe chemoinduced neurological disorders in children. In the first case, damage to the central nervous system due to intraventricular administration of methotrexate is described. The second case demonstrates a severe degree of chemoinduced polyneuropathy with vincristine. Both children received the status of a patient in need of palliative care because of the complications received. The presence of such cases in practice dictates the need to develop new diagnostic methods aimed at early detection of neurotoxic complications, as well as to identify groups with high risk of the formation of chemoinduced neurological disorders.","PeriodicalId":9821,"journal":{"name":"中国实用医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83871775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of nailfold capillaroscopy in assessing microvasculature in rheumatic diseases","authors":"I. F. Fayrushina","doi":"10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-40-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-40-43","url":null,"abstract":"Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) is a non-invasive and safe tool for microvasculature assessment. Since its recent inclusion to classification criteria for systemic sclerosis (American College of Rheumatology (ACR) / European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR), 2013) and monitoring disease progression, the importance of NFC in rheumatology has increased. Given its growing use by a variety of physicians worldwide, both in daily practice to differentiate primary and secondary Raynaud’s syndrome, and in the context of research to predict the progression of the disease and evaluate the treatment effectiveness, the description of the acquisition and analysis of capillaroscopic images remains relevant. This report provides information on the interpretation of NFC changes, particularly in systemic sclerosis and other rheumatic diseases.","PeriodicalId":9821,"journal":{"name":"中国实用医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82833127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Headache in patients with connective tissue dysplasia","authors":"D. Mansurov, D. Khaibullina","doi":"10.32000/2072-1757-2023-4-41-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-4-41-46","url":null,"abstract":"Headache in patients with connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) is an urgent problem of modern medicine. The article discusses different types of headache in patients with connective tissue dysplasia. The most well studied are differentiated forms of connective tissue dysplasia (Ehlers — Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome, etc.) and, accordingly, variants of cephalgia in them are described. A significant problem is the dissection of the carotid and vertebral arteries, which are variants of acute cerebrovascular accident. The interrelation of primary and secondary headaches with CTD syndrome is shown. The variety of clinical manifestations of headaches and connective tissue dysplasia in the same patient makes it difficult to diagnose, which can contribute to the chronicity of cephalalgia, the appointment of inadequate therapy and the development of complications. Further study of headache options in patients with CTD will improve the provision of medical care to this category of patients.","PeriodicalId":9821,"journal":{"name":"中国实用医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80734559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for using immunostimulating agents with nonspecific antiviral activity in the complex treatment of children with chronic adenoiditis","authors":"E. Pokrovskaya, S. V. Khaliullina, V. Krasnozhen, E. Mannanova","doi":"10.32000/2072-1757-2023-2-79-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-2-79-84","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies on using inosine pranobex in children with pharyngeal tonsils hypertrophy of the 3rd degree after surgical intervention to prevent the development of pharyngeal tonsillitis relapses and compensatory hypertrophy of palatine tonsils in the postoperative period. 355 children aged 3 to 7 years old with a diagnosis of pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy of the 3rd degree were examined. Laboratory methods of examination included qualitative studies to detect DNA of lymphotropic herpesviruses (EBV, CMV, HHV-6) in flushes from the nasopharyngeal mucosa. As a result of the conducted research, it was revealed that the inclusion of inosine pranobex in the complex treatment of children with chronic adenoiditis with verified herpesvirus infection is clinically effective and helps to reduce the risk of recurrence of pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy and compensatory palatine tonsil hypertrophy.","PeriodicalId":9821,"journal":{"name":"中国实用医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75580713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational and effective pharmacotherapy as an actual opportunity for reducing financial costs. Review of clinical cases","authors":"A. Z. Nigmedzyanova, L. Kulagina, E. R. Kadyseva, R. V. Davletshina","doi":"10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-134-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-134-137","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents clinical cases of pharmacotherapy errors; in case of rational approach to prescribing medication therapy, it is possible to reduce financial costs without deteriorating the quality of medical assistance.","PeriodicalId":9821,"journal":{"name":"中国实用医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85055168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}