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Effect of Recycling on the Cellular Structure of Polylactide in a Batch Process 间歇过程中回收对聚乳酸细胞结构的影响
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Cellular Polymers Pub Date : 2018-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/026248931803700202
Joanna Ludwiczak, S. Frąckowiak, Rafał Łużny
{"title":"Effect of Recycling on the Cellular Structure of Polylactide in a Batch Process","authors":"Joanna Ludwiczak, S. Frąckowiak, Rafał Łużny","doi":"10.1177/026248931803700202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026248931803700202","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work is to demonstrate the possibility of using recycled biodegradable material as a cellular material with a reduced weight. An experimental study on the influence of recycling on the properties and foam ability of polylactide (PLA) was carried out. The influence of recycling on the polymer crystallinity, thermal and viscoelastic properties was investigated. During the batch process the cellular structure in PLA and recycled PLA were created. A higher degree of crystallinity, a lower viscosity value and a lower melt strength for recycled PLA, as compared to original material, were observed. For the recycled PLA, a fine cellular structure and low density (0.60 g/cm3) were obtained.","PeriodicalId":9816,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Polymers","volume":"37 1","pages":"69 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/026248931803700202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46234614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Cellular Morphology Optimization of Polypropylene/CaCO3 Composite Films Designed for Piezoelectric Applications 压电型聚丙烯/CaCO3复合薄膜的细胞形态优化
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Cellular Polymers Pub Date : 2018-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/026248931803700301
Eric Audet, F. Mighri, D. Rodrigue, A. Ajji
{"title":"Cellular Morphology Optimization of Polypropylene/CaCO3 Composite Films Designed for Piezoelectric Applications","authors":"Eric Audet, F. Mighri, D. Rodrigue, A. Ajji","doi":"10.1177/026248931803700301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026248931803700301","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the cellular morphology of polypropylene (PP)/calcium carbonate (CaCO3) composite films was optimized with respect to piezoelectric cellular films criteria. To do this, a series of PP films filled with CaCO3 micro-particles of three different particle sizes (3, 6 and 12 microns) were developed at various weight concentrations (3 to 44 wt. %). Before going through a gas diffusion expansion (GDE) step to inflate the initiated cells, all composite films were first produced via extrusion/calendaring then biaxially stretched to initiate the cellular structure by interfacial delamination between the CaCO3 particles and PP matrix. After biaxial stretching and GDE, it was observed that only films with filler contents above 23 wt.% and 12 μm particle size presented a well-developed cellular structure. By optimizing the extrusion, biaxial stretching and GDE steps, we were able to generate a required cellular morphology where the average cell height ranged between 5 and 8 μm, which is considered good for further Corona charging. Also, the average cell aspect ratio (cell length divided by cell height) ranged between 4 and 10 with an average cell wall thickness between 7 and 12 μm, which is also considered as optimum for good piezoelectric properties.","PeriodicalId":9816,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Polymers","volume":"37 1","pages":"103 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/026248931803700301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43214018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Compression Properties of Syntactic Foam Reinforced by Warp-knitted Spacer Fabric: Theoretical Compression Strength Model and Experimental Verification 经编间隔织物增强复合泡沫的压缩性能：理论压缩强度模型与实验验证
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Cellular Polymers Pub Date : 2018-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/026248931803700102
Chao Zhi, Guoqing Zhu, J. Meng, Jinhua Jiang, H. Long, Lingjie Yu
{"title":"Compression Properties of Syntactic Foam Reinforced by Warp-knitted Spacer Fabric: Theoretical Compression Strength Model and Experimental Verification","authors":"Chao Zhi, Guoqing Zhu, J. Meng, Jinhua Jiang, H. Long, Lingjie Yu","doi":"10.1177/026248931803700102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026248931803700102","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a theoretical model based on the fiber buckling theory was established to predict the compression strength of a new type of syntactic foam, namely the syntactic foam reinforced by the warp-knitted spacer fabric (SF-WKSF). In order to verify the availability of this model, compression strength values of theoretical simulations were compared with the experiment results. The comparison results showed that the model can accurately simulate the compression strength values of different SF-WKSF samples with slight deviation. Finally, the causes of deviation was analyzed in detail.","PeriodicalId":9816,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Polymers","volume":"37 1","pages":"21 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/026248931803700102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42178384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Rotomolding of Foamed and Unfoamed GTR-LLDPE Blends: Mechanical, Morphological and Physical Properties 发泡和未发泡GTR-LLDPE共混物的旋转成型：机械、形态和物理性能
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Cellular Polymers Pub Date : 2018-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/026248931803700201
Y. Dou, D. Rodrigue
{"title":"Rotomolding of Foamed and Unfoamed GTR-LLDPE Blends: Mechanical, Morphological and Physical Properties","authors":"Y. Dou, D. Rodrigue","doi":"10.1177/026248931803700201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026248931803700201","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a simple method is presented to produce ground tire rubber (GTR) -linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) compounds and foams via rotational molding. In particular, different GTR concentrations (0 to 50% wt.) were dry-blended with different chemical blowing agent (CBA) content (0 to 1% wt.). From the samples produced, a complete set of characterization was performed in terms of mechanical properties (tensile, flexural and impact), density and morphological properties. The results show that increasing GTR content or CBA content not only decreased both tensile and flexural moduli, but decreased ultimate strength and strain at break. As expected, increasing blowing agent content decreased density. Besides, with respect to impact strength, the value of all samples decreased with the addition of GTR or CBA except for 0.2% wt. CBA of GTR-LLDPE composite foams, which nearly remain at the same level.","PeriodicalId":9816,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Polymers","volume":"37 1","pages":"55 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/026248931803700201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49011196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Multi-Stage Recycling Induced Morphological Transformations in Solid-State Microcellular Foaming of Polystyrene 多级回收诱导聚苯乙烯固态微孔发泡的形态转变
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Cellular Polymers Pub Date : 2018-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/026248931803700302
Indrajeet Singh, A. Gandhi, M. Biswal, S. Mohanty, S. K. Nayak
{"title":"Multi-Stage Recycling Induced Morphological Transformations in Solid-State Microcellular Foaming of Polystyrene","authors":"Indrajeet Singh, A. Gandhi, M. Biswal, S. Mohanty, S. K. Nayak","doi":"10.1177/026248931803700302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026248931803700302","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the general-purpose polystyrene was reprocessed four times. The effect of repeated reprocessing of polystyrene on its polymeric properties and on its microcellular, foaming behaviour were investigated. It was observed that reprocessing leads to break of long polymeric chains into short chains, which resulted increment in PDI and MFI. Molecular weight and Glass transition temperature were found to decrease with increasing recycling stages. Reprocessing resulted abruptly decrement in viscosity of neat polystyrene. Effect of reprocessing on foaming behaviour was analysed properly in this report and it was found that reprocessing resulted in improvement in cell sizes and their distribution. A positive effect on expansion ratio was also observed during foaming of reprocessed specimens. Cell density was found to decrease with increasing recycling stages. The effect of saturation pressure and foaming temperature on microcellular foam morphology along with recycling were investigated. Effect of foaming time on cell size, cell size distribution, cell density, expansion ratio and cell wall thickness was investigated.","PeriodicalId":9816,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Polymers","volume":"37 1","pages":"121 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/026248931803700302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49128545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
The new method of manufacturing porous castings from styrene–acrylic dispersion 介绍了用苯乙烯-丙烯酸分散体制备多孔铸件的新方法
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Cellular Polymers Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/0262489318797513
Paweł Palutkiewicz
{"title":"The new method of manufacturing porous castings from styrene–acrylic dispersion","authors":"Paweł Palutkiewicz","doi":"10.1177/0262489318797513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0262489318797513","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents an innovative method for producing porous castings from polymer dispersion with wood flour. The method described for forming porous castings from blends, in which the aqueous dispersions of polymers are binders, enables the manufacturing of wood-like products with a cork-like structure. The casting technology and selected properties of finished castings (density, compression strength) are presented. The structurual investigations of the obtained castings are also presented.","PeriodicalId":9816,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Polymers","volume":"37 1","pages":"206 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0262489318797513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42736068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of processing conditions on the cellular morphology of polyethylene hollow fiber foams for membrane applications 加工条件对膜用聚乙烯中空泡沫纤维细胞形态的影响
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Cellular Polymers Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/0262489318795967
Z. Razzaz, A. Mohebbi, D. Rodrigue
{"title":"Effect of processing conditions on the cellular morphology of polyethylene hollow fiber foams for membrane applications","authors":"Z. Razzaz, A. Mohebbi, D. Rodrigue","doi":"10.1177/0262489318795967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0262489318795967","url":null,"abstract":"A continuous method without any solvent is proposed to produce porous hollow fibers for membrane (HFM) applications. In this case, linear low-density polyethylene was combined with azodicarbonamide to produce samples via extrusion. In particular, the processing (chemical blowing agent content and temperature profile) and post-processing (stretching velocity) conditions were optimized to obtain a cellular structure having a high cell density and uniform cell size distribution. From the samples obtained, a complete set of characterization was performed (morphological, mechanical, physical, and gas transport). The results show that HFM having a higher cell density can increase gas permeability, especially for hydrogen. Overall, it is shown that low-cost polyolefins having a suitable cellular structure can be used for gas separation membranes.","PeriodicalId":9816,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Polymers","volume":"37 1","pages":"169 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0262489318795967","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41572967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Optimization of the cellular morphology of biaxially stretched thin polyethylene foams produced by extrusion film blowing 挤出吹塑法制备双轴拉伸聚乙烯薄泡沫的细胞形态优化
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Cellular Polymers Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/0262489318797517
Ouassim Hamdi, F. Mighri, D. Rodrigue
{"title":"Optimization of the cellular morphology of biaxially stretched thin polyethylene foams produced by extrusion film blowing","authors":"Ouassim Hamdi, F. Mighri, D. Rodrigue","doi":"10.1177/0262489318797517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0262489318797517","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the production of cellular polymer films using extrusion blowing to impose biaxial stretching on the cellular structure while processing. The materials selected are linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) as the matrix, azodicarbonamide as the chemical blowing agent, and talc as the nucleating agent. The processing parameters, namely, the temperature profile, screw speed, feed rate, take-up ratio, blow-up ratio, and the matrix composition were all optimized to produce a homogeneous cellular structure with defined morphologies. The optimized films had a thickness below 300 µm, a relative density around 0.6, a cell density above 2 × 106 cells/cm3, and biaxially stretched cells with aspect ratios above 4 longitudinally and 3.8 transversally.","PeriodicalId":9816,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Polymers","volume":"37 1","pages":"153 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0262489318797517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43752528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Preparation and properties of flexible poly(lactic acid) blend foams 柔性聚乳酸共混泡沫的制备与性能
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Cellular Polymers Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/0262489318797514
Liu Wei, He Shicheng, Zhou Hongfu
{"title":"Preparation and properties of flexible poly(lactic acid) blend foams","authors":"Liu Wei, He Shicheng, Zhou Hongfu","doi":"10.1177/0262489318797514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0262489318797514","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance poly(lactic acid) (PLA) foam has been recognized as a promising material because of its biodegradability. However, low flexibility and foamability of PLAs has limited its use in different fields. In this study, a blend-toughening technology was used to toughen PLA and prepare flexible foams. The mechanical properties of PLA blends were evaluated, and the cellular structure of these foaming blends was characterized. The results show that the blending components significantly affected the overall mechanical properties and foaming behavior of PLA. The toughness of PLA was enhanced by adding poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and rigid particles. The rheological behavior of PLA was also affected by adding PBAT. Therefore, the cellular structure of the PLA foams was affected. A constitutive model was also used to fit the experimental results of the compression property of the PLA foam.","PeriodicalId":9816,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Polymers","volume":"37 1","pages":"189 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0262489318797514","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49155708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Effect of Compatibilization on the Properties and Foaming Behavior of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Poly(ethylene-octene) Blends 相容性对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/聚辛烯共混物性能和发泡行为的影响
IF 1.6 4区 医学
Cellular Polymers Pub Date : 2017-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/026248931703600602
Wenbo Wang, Kesong Yu, Hongfu Zhou, Xiangdong Wang, Jianguo Mi
{"title":"The Effect of Compatibilization on the Properties and Foaming Behavior of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Poly(ethylene-octene) Blends","authors":"Wenbo Wang, Kesong Yu, Hongfu Zhou, Xiangdong Wang, Jianguo Mi","doi":"10.1177/026248931703600602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/026248931703600602","url":null,"abstract":"The methodology for improving the properties and foaming behavior of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly(ethylene-octene) (POE) blends through compatibilization was proposed. In this paper, PET/POE blends were prepared through a melt blending method, POE was employed as elastomer toughener, maleic anhydride grafted POE (mPOE) was selected as compatibilizer, and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) was used as chain extender. The content of mPOE was changeable to study the effect of compatibility on crystallization behavior, toughness, dispersion morphology, and rheological behavior of PET/ POE blends. The results demonstrated that the crystallization peak of PET/POE blends shifted towards high temperatures from 196.97°C to 201.24°C with the content of mPOE increasing. The brittle-ductile transition for PET/POE blends occurred at the mPOE content in the range of 4–5 phr. The particle size of POE dispersed phase decline firstly and then was almost unchanged with an increasing content of mPOE. The storage modulus and complex viscosity of compatibilized PET/POE blends were obviously higher than that of uncompatibilized PET/POE blends. Then PET/POE blends were foamed using supercritical CO2 as physical blowing agent. The results showed that the cell size, cell density, and tensile properties of the PET/POE blending foams were affected by the content of mPOE strongly. With the content of mPOE, the cell size decreased and then kept stable as well as the cell density the trend of cell size increased then remained unchanged. In addition, the elongation at break of PET/POE blending foams was higher than that of the uncompatibilized PET/POE blending foam. PET/POE blending foams with fine cell morphology and good ductility could be achieved with a proper content of compatibilizer in the blends.","PeriodicalId":9816,"journal":{"name":"Cellular Polymers","volume":"36 1","pages":"313 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/026248931703600602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48032029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
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