Chemical Engineering Journal Advances最新文献

{"title":"Innovations and future directions in hybrid non-thermal plasma-catalyst systems for VOC decomposition","authors":"Kamaladdin Abedi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Jamshidi Rastani ,&nbsp;Kian Dana","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are challenging to abate because conventional thermal and adsorption approaches trade high energy use for incomplete mineralization and by-product formation. Hybrid non-thermal plasma–catalyst (NTP–catalyst) systems address these limits by coupling plasma-generated oxidants with surfaces that steer reaction pathways at near-ambient bulk temperatures. This review examines NTP–catalyst performance across dielectric-barrier discharge, corona, and gliding-arc reactors, and across catalysts including oxygen-vacancy-rich MnO_x and CeO₂, TiO₂, zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and noble-metal dopants. We organize disparate results using five “matchings”: (i) position (in-plasma vs post-plasma placement), (ii) time-scale (microsecond plasma pulses vs millisecond–second surface kinetics), (iii) energy (specific input energy (SIE) optima beyond which carbon balance and CO₂ selectivity degrade), (iv) material (multi-metal sites and vacancy engineering), and (v) operation (temperature, humidity, and residence time). We synthesize trends on conversion, CO₂ selectivity, ozone slip, and partial-oxidation by-products, and discuss durability (coking, halogen/sulfur poisoning, plasma aging) alongside mitigation via robust supports, sacrificial oxygen, and periodic regeneration. Finally, we chart future directions: Nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) and frequency-tunable power supplies; structured catalysts and reactors (honeycomb, packed/fluidized beds, and 3D-printed dielectrics) for uniform plasma–solid contact; multi-process hybrids (plasma + photocatalysis/ozonation) to lower energy intensity; in-situ/operando diagnostics and microkinetic–plasma modeling; and data-driven control (AI/ML) for real-time optimization and scale-up. This synthesis provides design guidance and research priorities toward industrially scalable, energy-efficient VOC abatement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9749,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100882"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzo-12-crown-4-ether-mediated lithium transport in supercritical CO2: A preliminary study for recycling lithium-ion battery cathode materials","authors":"Rakhi Mondal ,&nbsp;Nicolas Stoffregen ,&nbsp;Joshua Vauloup ,&nbsp;Cécile Bouilhac ,&nbsp;Nicolas Coppey ,&nbsp;Laure Monconduit ,&nbsp;Moulay T. Sougrati ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Stievano ,&nbsp;Patrick Lacroix-Desmazes","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design of metal-complexing copolymer architectures is essential to enable solvent-free recovery of critical metals, and of interest for a large number of applications. In this study, the lithium transport efficiency of benzo-12-crown-4-ether (B12C4) from various salts (LiNO₃, LiOAc, Li₂SO₄ and Li₂CO₃) in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) was investigated. Among these salts, only Li⁺ from LiNO₃ was effectively complexed by B12C4 in scCO₂. As both B12C4 and the [B12C4-Li]NO₃ complex are poorly soluble in scCO₂, a scCO₂-philic gradient polymer, poly(B12C4 ethyl methacrylamide-<em>grad</em>-1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorodecyl acrylate) [P(B12C4EMAAm-<em>grad</em>-FDA)] was synthesized by RAFT polymerization. In this copolymer, the FDA unit is CO₂-philic, while B12C4EMAAm acts as a metal-complexing group. The solubility of the copolymer was determined by cloud point measurement and compared to that of a PFDA homopolymer. The lithium recovery yield from lithium nitrate, quantified by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis, reached 83 % under supercritical conditions (40 °C and 250 bar) in the presence of a small amount of water (molar ratio [water]/[LiNO₃]=7.6), whereas only 25 % was recovered under dry conditions. The Li⁺ transport efficiency of the copolymer was also evaluated in the presence of cobalt ions. Using a mixture of lithium nitrate and cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (molar ratio [B12C4EMAAm]:[Li]:[Co]=3.6:1:1), recovery yields of 46 % and 84 % for lithium and cobalt were obtained, respectively. Despite its lack of selectivity toward lithium, P(B12C4EMAAm-<em>grad</em>-FDA) demonstrates strong potential as a complexing ligand for both lithium and cobalt under scCO₂ conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9749,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100883"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of fiber properties on floc formation and turbidity removal","authors":"Krishnaveni Kannan ,&nbsp;Florent Blancho ,&nbsp;Haifa Rjab ,&nbsp;Mathieu Lapointe ,&nbsp;Nathalie Tufenkji","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The water treatment industry is interested in sustainable approaches to minimize chemical demand in the coagulation and flocculation process. In conventional physicochemical treatment, lower water temperatures act to slow down particle collisions, chemical reactions, floc formation, and floc settling rates. This study explored the use of fiber-based super-bridging agents to compensate for the effect of temperature on the coagulation-flocculation process. The efficacy of recycled cellulose fibers was evaluated at the lab scale (250 mL) at various temperatures, demonstrating high turbidity removal with both settling and screening as floc separation methods. For the fiber-based treatment, turbidity differences at temperatures near 5 °C, 10 °C, and 20 °C were minimal indicating that this technology is more effective than the conventional approach (coagulant and flocculant) which showed significant variations between temperatures. Furthermore, regardless of the fiber source and properties, different cellulose fibers were efficient in turbidity removal acting as a super-bridging agent. Additional experiments were conducted to understand how fiber length and diameter distributions influenced the performance of the fiber-based treatment. Fibers of length &gt; 2000 µm and diameter &lt; 100 µm were more efficient in reducing turbidity and translated to lower chemical demand (i.e., 20 % reduction in alum demand for a target water quality of 20 NTU) in the coagulation and flocculation process. This sustainable fiber-based water treatment approach has the potential to lower the operational cost of water treatment plants operating at different water temperatures as a function of the season and geographical location, though techno-economic analysis is required to validate this hypothesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9749,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100880"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing coarse particles recovery: Pilot trial of a novel flotation cell","authors":"Marly Carvalho ,&nbsp;Ian Sherrell ,&nbsp;Jyry Niskala ,&nbsp;Juuso Saloranta ,&nbsp;Risto Aho ,&nbsp;Antti Rinne ,&nbsp;Saija Lukkanen","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coarse particle flotation (CPF) has been studied as a potential technology for improving mineral resource efficiency and supporting decarbonization. However, existing CPF systems are often complex, capital-intensive, and require substantial auxiliary infrastructure. This study presents the development and pilot-scale evaluation of a novel flotation cell based on the froth feeding principle, which represents an alternative approach for coarse particle recovery. In this configuration, feed is introduced directly into the froth phase, bypassing the slurry–froth interface and reducing drop-back losses. The technology operates using standard flotation parameters and does not require feed classification for effective performance. Continuous pilot testing was conducted at the largest copper concentrator in Europe, using scavenger tailings as feed. Two flowsheets were assessed: unclassified and classified tailings (cut at 125 µm). Application of the froth-fed CPF cell reduced the Cu grade in the +125 µm tailings to 0.031 % (vs. 0.052 % without the cell) and indicated potential for further reductions in overall plant tailings grade. Laboratory reference experiments were consistent with the pilot-scale findings. Classification improved froth stability and reduced mass yield, thereby doubling the coarse concentrate grade. These results indicate that froth-fed flotation is a technically and operationally feasible approach for enhancing coarse particle recovery, with the potential to provide a more compact, energy- and water-efficient solution for both scavenging and pre-concentration applications in base metal concentrators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9749,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100879"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis-acidity modulated TiO2@GO with enriched functional groups for efficient photodegradation of trace contaminant","authors":"Tong Li ,&nbsp;Xiao Dong ,&nbsp;Markus Engelhart ,&nbsp;Wei Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As environmental pollution gets increasingly severe, the removal of trace contaminants has become a critical challenge in the field of water treatment. TiO₂@GO-based catalysts have exhibited excellent photodegradation performance, but so far, current research mainly focuses on investigating the function of oxygen vacancies while overlooking other potential factors, such as the role of GO, which hindered comprehensive understanding of TiO₂@GO-based catalysts. To address this, we propose a simple one-pot sol-gel method, where the catalyst properties are tuned by adjusting the synthesis acidity. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and Raman spectroscopy were employed to comprehensively characterize the physicochemical properties of the synthesized catalysts. Both the oxygen vacancy and surface functional group densities of the serial TiO₂@GO catalysts, as well as their photodegradation performance of indigo carmine are investigated. With increasing synthesis acidity, the surface oxygen vacancy proportion showed an increase–decrease pattern with a maximum at 0.1 mol l^-1 HCl, while the surface functional group density and photocatalytic efficiency toward indigo carmine exhibited a decrease-increase-decrease trend, also peaking at 0.1 mol l^-1 HCl but following a different overall pattern. Besides the common understanding that oxygen vacancies enhance photocatalytic degradation, the adsorption effects of functional groups on TiO₂@GO surface proved to be more significant. Additionally, TiO₂@GO also exhibits promoted photodegradation performance and a hydroxyl radical degradation mechanism via a common trace contaminant and radical probe, para-chlorobenzoic acid (pCBA). Density functional theory calculations further reveal that the surface functional groups would significantly enhance the adsorption of pCBA on TiO₂@GO, thereby improving their photodegradation performance. Our study provides new perspectives on understanding how enhancing the surface functionalization of TiO₂@GO-based catalysts helps to improve photocatalytic activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9749,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100878"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing lithium-ion battery slurry extrusion through neuro-adaptive controller and predictive modeling","authors":"Somayeh Hosseinhashemi,&nbsp;Marcel Weber,&nbsp;Tim Grenda,&nbsp;Arno Kwade,&nbsp;Carsten Schilde","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industrial-scale extrusion of lithium-ion battery slurries is a complex process where maintaining stability is critical for final product quality. This study introduces a neuro-adaptive controller designed to optimize and stabilize cathode slurry extrusion, addressing the common industrial challenge of limited data availability. The core innovation of our work is the integration of a data-efficient predictive model, which functions as a high-fidelity AI simulator, directly into a feedforward control loop. This hybrid approach uniquely addresses the challenge of process optimization in data-scarce environments by enabling virtual exploration of the entire operational parameter space, eliminating the need for costly and time-consuming physical experiments. We first generated a dataset (68 data points) through systematic experiments varying solids content, screw speed, and mass flow rate. We then demonstrate that a gradient boosting regressor model outperforms a more complex deep neural network for this sparse industrial dataset, establishing it as the ideal foundation for our AI simulator. The neuro-adaptive controller leverages this trained AI simulator to proactively predict critical process outputs (specific energy and torque) and identify optimal input parameters that minimize process deviations. This integrated approach, validated in a laboratory setting, confirms that our neuro-adaptive controller framework enhances the stability and efficiency of slurry extrusion, presenting a practical and data-efficient pathway toward smart battery manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9749,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100868"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in SnO₂-modified electrodes for electrochemical oxidation of persistent organic pollutants: Mechanisms, challenges, and opportunities","authors":"Nur Ameera Rosli ,&nbsp;Syahmi Fikri Mohd Shairuddin ,&nbsp;Ebrahim Mahmoudi ,&nbsp;Wei Lun Ang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The treatment of industrial wastewater contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) remains a critical global challenge due to their strong resistance to conventional degradation methods. Electrochemical oxidation (EO) has emerged as a promising technology for the effective removal of POPs, particularly with the use of advanced electrode materials. Among them, tin oxide (SnO₂)-modified electrodes stand out for their high conductivity and stability, which significantly enhance EO performance. Further improvements can be achieved through doping with inorganic, metallic, non-metallic, or rare earth elements. These dopants have been shown to increase electrocatalytic activity by inducing oxygen vacancies, modifying surface chemistry, and facilitating the generation of hydroxyl radical (•OH), all of which contribute to more efficient POPs degradation. This review summarizes recent advances in fabrication methods, doping strategies, mechanistic insights into the role of different dopants, and operational approaches. It also addresses key challenges, including the complexity of fabrication, the potential formation of secondary pollutants, and cost constraints. Finally, future directions are highlighted, with emphasis on the development of low-cost dopants, optimization of EO operational parameters, and integrated reactor design strategies to further enhance the performance of SnO₂-based electrodes, advancing the evolution in electrochemical technologies for environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9749,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100876"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable gamma irradiation strategy for GO and rGO modification: Impact on electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency","authors":"Jovana Prekodravac Filipovic ,&nbsp;Mila Milenkovic ,&nbsp;Duska Kleut ,&nbsp;Kamel Haddadi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Yasir ,&nbsp;Warda Saeed ,&nbsp;Danica Bajuk Bogdanovic ,&nbsp;Svetlana Jovanovic","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromagnetic interference (EMI) has emerged as a significant issue in contemporary electronic systems, particularly within aerospace, defense, and communication technology. Graphene-derived materials, including graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), present remarkable potential for lightweight, flexible, and EMI shielding solutions owing to their adjustable electrical conductivity and structural integrity. This study introduces an eco-friendly method for adjusting the EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of free-standing films made from GO and rGO by controlled gamma irradiation at low (50 kGy) and high (300 kGy) doses, conducted in two types of media: air and isopropyl alcohol (IPA). The structural alterations generated by irradiation were characterized by Raman and Infrared spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and contact angle measurements, indicating changes in defect density, surface roughness, and hydrophilicity. Results indicate that gamma irradiation can precisely adjust the oxidation/reduction equilibrium, hence boosting conductivity in rGO and improving interfacial polarization in GO. Remarkably, rGO films exposed to air demonstrated exceptional EMI SE values above 20 dB in the X-band (8–12 GHz), signifying their suitability for advanced shielding applications. This research illustrates the effectiveness of gamma irradiation as an environmentally friendly, scalable method for modifying the characteristics of graphene-based materials, facilitating their incorporation into advanced aeronautical and electronic equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9749,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100873"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of PES membrane loaded with Fe, Ni-BMOF/g-C3N4 nanomaterials and investigation of photocatalytic removal, antifouling and permeability properties in cephalexin aqueous solution","authors":"Shahnaz Nayeri,&nbsp;Jalal Basiri Parsa","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PES/g-C₃N₄−MIL88B (Fe, Ni) composite membrane was created by growing the crystals of bimetal-organic frameworks MIL88B (Fe, Ni) on g-C₃N₄ nanosheets by hydrothermal method as a new photocatalyst. These nanoparticles were used in the polyethersulfone-based membrane matrix in the Cross-flow ultrafiltration system was used to degrade cephalexin antibiotics (CPX) under visible light irradiation. The heterogeneous structures formed between MIL88B (Fe, Ni) and g-C₃N₄, improved the photocatalytic performance, electron-hole separation and antifouling properties of the PES/g-C₃N₄−MIL88B (Fe, Ni) composite membrane. Under visible light irradiation, compared to PES/g-C₃N₄ and PES/MIL88B (Fe, Ni), the composite membrane of PES-g-C₃N₄/MIL88B (Fe, Ni) exhibited greater photocatalytic activity. CPX removal efficiency of 72 % and pure water flux of 720 kg/m².h was reported by PES/g-C₃N₄−MIL88B (Fe, Ni) membrane. This research showed that the photocatalytic membrane reactor (PMR) is an effective and sustainable system for wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9749,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100872"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene-based conductometric monitoring of hydrogen purity (Proof of Concept)","authors":"Amanzhol Turlybekuly ,&nbsp;Yernar Shynybekov ,&nbsp;Nazerke Sagidolda ,&nbsp;Aiganym Tebenova ,&nbsp;Bauyrzhan Myrzakhmetov ,&nbsp;Yanwei Wang ,&nbsp;Fail Sultanov ,&nbsp;Ihar Razanau ,&nbsp;Uladzimir Novikau ,&nbsp;Almagul Mentbayeva","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen (H₂), a clean, safe, and eco-friendly energy source, is pivotal in addressing global energy challenges. However, its production involves separating pure H₂ from compounds such as water (H₂O) and methane (CH₄), where even trace impurities critically affect the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In this study, for the first time, a conductometric gas sensor based on few-layered graphene powder (FLGP) was applied to detect impurities in hydrogen. The sensor exhibited a remarkable response of ∼25 % to 100 ppm CH₄ at 50 °C, significantly outperforming many conventional metal-oxide sensors that require &gt;200 °C. It also demonstrated detectable responses to 2 ppm CO₂ (4.3 %), 5 ppm O₂ (3.3 %), and 5 ppm N₂O (8.7 %) in H₂ atmosphere, meeting ISO14687 impurity thresholds. First-principles calculations revealed that the adsorption energy of a single CH₄ molecule on graphene (–0.20 eV) is approximately twice as strong as H₂ (–0.10 eV), and decreases further (–0.09 eV) in the presence of 10 H₂ molecules, confirming a competitive adsorption mechanism. This combined experimental–theoretical study provides the first proof of concept that pure graphene powders can serve as compact, low-temperature, and cost-effective sensors for hydrogen fuel purity monitoring, opening new horizons for safe and sustainable hydrogen energy technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9749,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100871"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}