Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis: Participants and Therapists.","authors":"Xiaoyu Liu, Shuchao Pang, Yangyang Jiang, Lixin Wang, Yi Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07513-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07513-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, atherosclerosis, characterized by the dysfunction of lipid metabolism and chronic inflammation in the intimal space of the vessel, is considered to be a metabolic disease. As the most abundant innate immune cells in the body, macrophages play a key role in the onset, progression, or regression of atherosclerosis. For example, macrophages exhibit several polarization states in response to microenvironmental stimuli; an increasing proportion of macrophages, polarized toward M2, can suppress inflammation, scavenge cell debris and apoptotic cells, and contribute to tissue repair and fibrosis. Additionally, specific exosomes, generated by macrophages containing certain miRNAs and effective efferocytosis of macrophages, are crucial for atherosclerosis. Therefore, macrophages have emerged as a novel potential target for anti-atherosclerosis therapy. This article reviews the role of macrophages in atherosclerosis from different aspects: origin, phenotype, exosomes, and efferocytosis, and discusses new approaches for the treatment of atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"459-472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49674642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness of Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Preserved or Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction: the DELIVER Trial.","authors":"Lu Lin, Qiu-Ping Xiu, Fei Liu, Hou-Jing Zhang, Yi-Feng Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07515-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07515-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The DELIVER trial demonstrated the efficacy of dapagliflozin in reducing primary endpoint (cardiovascular (CV) mortality or worsening heart failure) for heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This study assessed the economic and clinical effects of incorporating dapagliflozin into a standard treatment regimen for HFpEF and HFmrEF cases in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multistate Markov model was used to assess the clinical and economic effects of adding dapagliflozin to the usual treatment regimen for HFpEF and HFmrEF. A log-logistic formula was used to represent the cumulative incidence of hospitalization, readmission, and CV mortality. A 5% annual discount was applied to all costs. The health outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), measured using quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and life years (LYs). The findings were examined using sensitivity and scenario analyses to assess robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the HFpEF or HFmrEF population, the 11.2-year incremental QALYs was 0.15 and LYs was 0.2, yielding an ICER of $10,615.87 per QALY and $7,763.08 per LY. These ICER values are lower than China's per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of $12,752 in 2022. The one-way sensitivity analysis revealed that non-hospital CV death was the most influential parameter. Furthermore, there was a 68% chance that dapagliflozin was cost-effective as an additional treatment, given a willingness-to-pay limit of three times the GDP ($38,256).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dapagliflozin adjunctive therapy was cost-effective in patients with HFpEF or HFmrEF from the perspective of Chinese national insurance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"297-305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138797863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary Circulation Under Pressure: Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Implications of BK Channel.","authors":"Thais S Barenco-Marins, Fernando A C Seara, Cristiano G Ponte, Jose H M Nascimento","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07503-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07503-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The large-conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ (BK) channel is widely expressed in the pulmonary blood vessels and plays a significant role in regulating pulmonary vascular tonus. It opens under membrane depolarization, increased intracellular Ca⁺² concentration, and chronic hypoxia, resulting in massive K⁺ efflux, membrane hyperpolarization, decreased L-type Ca⁺² channel opening, and smooth muscle relaxation. Several reports have demonstrated an association between BK channel dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension (PH) development. Decreased BK channel subunit expression and impaired regulation by paracrine hormones result in decreased BK channel opening, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, and pulmonary arterial pressure being the cornerstone of PH. The resulting right ventricular pressure overload ultimately leads to ventricular remodeling and failure. Therefore, it is unsurprising that the BK channel has arisen as a potential target for treating PH. Recently, a series of selective, synthetic BK channel agonists have proven effective in attenuating the pathophysiological progression of PH without adverse effects in animal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"415-433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10069866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long Non-coding RNA Involved in the Pathophysiology of Atrial Fibrillation.","authors":"Zikan Zhong, Xintao Li, Longzhe Gao, Xiaoyu Wu, Yutong Ye, Xiaoyu Zhang, Qingye Zeng, Changzuan Zhou, Xiaofeng Lu, Yong Wei, Yu Ding, Songwen Chen, Genqing Zhou, Juan Xu, Shaowen Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07491-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07491-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent and chronic cardiovascular disorder associated with various pathophysiological alterations, including atrial electrical and structural remodeling, disrupted calcium handling, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, aberrant energy metabolism, and immune dysregulation. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AF.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This discussion aims to elucidate the involvement of AF-related lncRNAs, with a specific focus on their role as miRNA sponges that modulate crucial signaling pathways, contributing to the progression of AF. We also address current limitations in AF-related lncRNA research and explore potential future directions in this field. Additionally, we summarize feasible strategies and promising delivery systems for targeting lncRNAs in AF therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, targeting AF-related lncRNAs holds substantial promise for future investigations and represents a potential therapeutic avenue for managing AF.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"435-458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10224348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming Hypertension Treatment: Zilebesiran's Possible Impact.","authors":"Muhammad Owais, Arisha Akhtar, Priyadarshini Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1007/s10557-024-07656-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-024-07656-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"237-238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between the Magnitude of Glycemic Control and Body Weight Loss With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of Randomized Diabetes Cardiovascular Outcomes Trials.","authors":"Daniel A Gomes, João Presume, Pedro de Araújo Gonçalves, Manuel Sousa Almeida, Miguel Mendes, Jorge Ferreira","doi":"10.1007/s10557-024-07547-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-024-07547-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Reduction of major atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (MACE) has not been consistent among different glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to assess the association between the magnitude of glycemic control, body weight loss, and reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) achieved through GLP-1 RA therapy and MACE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases (MEDLINE, CENTRAL, SCOPUS) were searched through March 2023. Studies were eligible if they were cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) comparing GLP-1 RAs versus placebo in T2DM patients. The outcome of interest was 3-point MACE - cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Random-effects meta-regression analyses evaluated the associations between reductions of HbA_1c, body weight, SBP and LDL-C and reduction of MACE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 8 CVOTs were included (60079 patients, 30693 with GLP-1 RAs). Reductions of HbA_1C were associated with the reduction of 3P-MACE (Log RR -0.290 [95% CI -0.515;-0.064], p = 0.012), with an estimated RR reduction of 25% for each 1% absolute reduction in HbA_1C levels. Body weight loss was associated with the reduction of 3P-MACE (Log RR -0.068 [95% CI -0.135;-0.001], p = 0.047), with an estimated RR reduction of 7% for each 1 kg reduction in body weight. Reductions of SBP (Log RR -0.058 [95% CI -0.192;0.076], p = 0.396) and LDL-C (Log RR -0.602 [95% CI -4.157;2.953], p = 0.740) were not associated with the reduction of 3P-MACE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In T2DM patients, more potent GLP-1 RAs in reducing HbA1c and body weight were associated with greater reductions of MACE.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"337-345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139429549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Genotype Affect the Efficacy of PCSK9 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Familial Hypercholesterolemia?","authors":"Fistra Janrio Tandirerung","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07505-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07505-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review discusses whether patients' genotype affects the efficacy of PCSK9 inhibitors in treating familial hypercholesterolemia and how this might influence clinical management.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Currently, available evidence consistently demonstrates and is in good agreement that, in general, the LDL-C-lowering effect of PCSK9 inhibitors is similar across genotypes, except for compound heterozygous and homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). However, it remains to be seen whether the comparable therapeutic effect in lowering LDL-C level also leads to a comparable degree of cardiovascular risk reduction with different genotypes. Generally, the level of LDL-C reduction following PCSK9 inhibitor treatment is similar within different genotypes. Hence, genotype is a less reliable predictor for further LDL-C level reduction on PCSK9 inhibitor therapy, and attention should be given to other external influences, especially for heterozygous FH.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"405-413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10049296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of CYP2C19 Genotype on the Platelet Reactivity Index (PRI) among Chronic Coronary Syndromes (CCS) Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI): Affectability of Rapid Genetic Testing.","authors":"Mohammed Ahmed Akkaif, Nur Aizati Athirah Daud, Dzul Azri Mohamed Noor, Abubakar Sha'aban, Muhamad Ali Sk Abdul Kader, Baharudin Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s10557-024-07544-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-024-07544-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the Asian population, the presence of the CYP2C19 loss-of-function (LOF) allele is a known genetic variation. This allele is associated with a reduced capacity to metabolize clopidogrel into its active forms through the CYP2C19 enzyme, resulting in diminished platelet inhibition and an elevated risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. Regulatory authorities have recommended an alternative P2Y12 inhibitor, ticagrelor, for individuals carrying the LOF allele. Consequently, this study seeks to assess the impact of the CYP2C19 genotype on the Platelet reactivity index (PRI) using a rapid genetic testing approach in Asian patients with chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study employed a parallel design, single-center design, and randomized approach. Genotyping for the CYP2C19*2 and *3 polymorphisms was conducted using the Nested Allele-Specific Multiplex PCR (NASM-PCR) technique. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria underwent genotyping for CYP2C19 polymorphisms. Following PCI, patients were randomly assigned to receive either ticagrelor or clopidogrel. PRI assessments were performed four hours after loading dose administration. The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT05516784.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 94 patients recruited for the study, 40 (42.55%) were identified as carriers of the LOF allele for CYP2C19*2 and *3 (*1/*2, *2/*2, *1/*3). Out of the 84 patients evaluated for PRI (44 receiving clopidogrel and 40 receiving ticagrelor), 21 (47.7%) of the clopidogrel group and 39 (97.5%) of the ticagrelor group exhibited a favorable response to antiplatelet therapy (PRI < 50). Patients treated with ticagrelor demonstrated superior antiplatelet responses compared to those receiving clopidogrel, regardless of LOF carrier status (P = 0.005 and < 0.001 for non-LOF and LOF carriers, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NASM-PCR as a rapid genetic test holds promise for personalizing antiplatelet therapy in Asian CCS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"347-356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139466335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isoimperatorin Inhibits Angiogenesis by Suppressing VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Yating Xu, Di Xia, Shan Deng, Minglu Liang","doi":"10.1007/s10557-024-07561-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-024-07561-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Angiogenesis involves in many pathological processes, including tumor metastasis, diabetic retinopathy, and rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, identifying therapeutic drugs that target angiogenesis may be a promising strategy for disease treatment. Isoimperatorin is a furanocoumarin with anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects. However, the impacts of isoimperatorin on angiogenesis and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to verify its effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced endothelial angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed various assays including 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, transwell migration assay, wound healing assay, tube formation assay, and Western blot to evaluate the effects of isoimperatorin on angiogenesis in vitro. Additionally, we utilized Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis to examine the activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 and its downstream signaling pathways following isoimperatorin treatment. To further validate the anti-angiogenic effects of isoimperatorin in vivo, we conducted a matrigel plug assay and established an orthotopic tumor model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrated that pretreatment with isoimperatorin inhibited VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Isoimperatorin also suppressed angiogenesis in vivo in a matrigel plug assay and in an orthotopic tumor model. Our results revealed that isoimperatorin exhibited anti-angiogenic effects via inhibiting VEGFR2 and its downstream signaling pathways activation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study showed that isoimperatorin suppressed angiogenesis by targeting the VEGFR2 signaling pathway and could be a potential therapeutic agent for targeting angiogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"275-286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139740493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Broken Heart: Exploring Metabolic Anti-ischemic Solutions for Takotsubo Syndrome.","authors":"Uğur Özkan, Kenan Yalta, Nicholas G Kounis","doi":"10.1007/s10557-024-07651-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-024-07651-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"233-235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}