Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Bempedoic Acid in Patients at Elevated Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.","authors":"Ahmed Sayed, Omar Shazly, Leandro Slipczuk, Chayakrit Krittanawong, Farhala Baloch, Salim S Virani","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07474-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07474-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Statins are first-line agents to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and cardiovascular risk, however, they are insufficient and/or intolerable in many patients. To that end, we conducted a meta-analysis of Bempedoic Acid (BA), a novel LDL-C lowering agent.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrieved randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of BA by searching Pubmed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Clinicaltrials.gov. We used the Mantel-Haenszel method to pool estimates. The I² measure was used to quantify heterogeneity. Treatment effects are provided as relative risks (RR), absolute risk differences (ARD), and number needed to treat/harm (NNTB/H). Analyses were conducted using R, version 4.1.2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>11 trials enrolling 18,496 patients were included. Compared to placebo, BA reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (RR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.80 to 0.95; ARD: -1.63%; NNT: 62), myocardial infarction (RR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.66 to 0.89; ARD: -1.03%; NNT: 98), unstable angina hospitalization (RR: 0.70; 95%: CI: 0.55 to 0.89; ARD: -0.57%; NNT: 177), revascularization (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.72 to 0.91; ARD: -1.31%; NNT: 77), and myalgia (RR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75 to 0.95; ARD: -0.99%; NNT: 102). BA significantly increased the risk of gout (RR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.27 to 1.91; ARD: 0.99%; NNH: 101), renal impairment (RR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.22 to 1.49; ARD: 2.54%; NNH: 40), and cholelithiasis (RR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.43 to 2.44; ARD: 1.01%; NNH: 100).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BA effectively reduces the risk of cardiovascular events and myalgia but increases the risk of gout, cholelithiasis, and renal impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1415-1420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11680617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9554557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutant CYP3A4/5 Correlated with Clinical Outcomes by Affecting Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.","authors":"Xiaoye Li, Zhichun Gu, Zi Wang, Qing Xu, Chunlai Ma, Qianzhou Lv","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07495-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07495-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was designed to investigate the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism-encoded cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP3A4/5) on clinical outcomes of rivaroxaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) based on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) aspects.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A prospective study enrolling 165 rivaroxaban-treated patients with NVAF was conducted. Genotyping of CYP3A4 (rs2242480, rs2246709, rs3735451, and rs4646440) and CYP3A5 (rs776746) was performed to explore their impact on the trough plasma concentrations (C_trough) of rivaroxaban, coagulation indicators at the C_trough including activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT), and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with mutant genotype CYP3A4 (rs2242480, rs2246709, and rs3735451) and CYP3A5 (rs776746) had higher levels of rivaroxaban C_trough, PT values than that of wild-type. Furthermore, a positive relationship was revealed between C_trough and PT (r = 0.212, p = 0.007), while no significant correlation was found between C_trough and APTT. Regarding the clinical outcomes, the minor allele carriers on rs3735451 and the minor allele (A) carriers on rs2246709 were associated with higher incidence of minor bleeding (p = 0.028 and p = 0.038, respectively) and were identified as the independent risk factors of minor bleeding treated with rivaroxaban (p = 0.024 and p = 0.036, respectively), with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve validated (AUC = 0.8956, 95% CI: 0.829-0.962).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CYP3A4 polymorphisms (rs2242480, rs2246709, and rs3735451) and CYP3A5 rs776746 were associated with variations in rivaroxaban PK/PD. The minor allele (C) carriers on rs3735451 and the minor allele (A) carriers on rs2246709 were correlated with clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1315-1325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9931912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Parallel Wire-based Antegrade Dissection Re-entry Technique for Failed Retrograde Attempt of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions with Risk Nomogram Analysis.","authors":"Yuanji Ma, Hao Lu, Yiqing Hu, Jianquan Liao, Jianying Ma, Chenguang Li, Lei Ge, Juying Qian, Kang Yao, Junbo Ge","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07500-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07500-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rapid development in coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) interventional techniques and devices have achieved a greater success rate with favorable outcomes. Antegrade dissection re-entry (ADR) technique is an important CTO crossing strategy and a desirable approach for long CTOs with good distal landing zone. However, unsuccessful procedures in contemporary CTO-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain, especially in lesions with non-interventional collaterals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Based on a single center experience, a hybrid interventional algorithm, parallel wire-based ADR (PW-ADR) combines the advantages of parallel wire technique (PWT) and device-based ADR to target CTO lesions with failed retrograde approach. A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent PW-ADR was performed. A risk nomogram was created to identify patients at high risk for technical failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 57 patients treated with PW-ADR were ultimately included in the present study. A total of 46 (80.7%) cases achieved technical success and procedural success, with low incidence of in-hospital complications or 1-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The risk nomogram identified 3 predictor variables associated with technical failure of PW-ADR, including tortuous vessel, J-CTO score, and times of antegrade coronary angiography (CAG) during ADR, with promising accuracy (AUROC 0.947).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The novel hybrid CTO-PCI algorithm, PW-ADR, provided an alternative interventional approach for complex CTO lesions with a promising success rate. The risk nomogram served as a prompter for high-risk cases, which may warrant a change in treatment strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1337-1348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10172954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Versus Mono Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients with Acute Mild-to-Moderate Stroke: A Multicentre Perspective Cohort Study.","authors":"Kaili Zhang, Tingting Liu, Haimei Fan, Yongle Wang, Yanan Li, Juan Li, Yali Li, Yaqin Yu, Junhui Wang, Lixi Xue, Wenxian Du, Wenhua Niu, Yuping Yan, Xiaolei Gao, Gaimei Li, Qingping Liu, Yuting Liu, Yanhong Fan, Jing Ren, Xinyi Li, Xuemei Wu, Xiaoyuan Niu","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07468-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07468-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between different antiplatelet therapy regimens and the functional outcomes and bleeding complications among mild-to-moderate ischaemic stroke patients based on real-world data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the SEACOAST trial (Safety and efficacy of aspirin-clopidogrel in acute noncardiogenic minor ischaemic stroke) to analyse the data of patients with mild-to-moderate stroke within 72 h after onset who were treated with aspirin or clopidogrel alone or a combination of clopidogrel and aspirin from September 2019 to November 2021. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance the differences between groups. We performed an analysis to evaluate the association of different antiplatelet regimens and 90-day disability, which was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score ≥2, as well as disability ascribed to index or recurrent stroke by the local investigator. In terms of safety, we then compared the bleeding events between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2822 mild-to-moderate ischaemic stroke patients were treated with either clopidogrel plus aspirin (n = 1726, 61.2%) or aspirin/clopidogrel (n = 1096, 38.8%). Of 1726 patients in the dual antiplatelet group, 1350 (78.5%) received less than or equal to 30 days of combined therapy. At 90 days, 433 (15.3%) patients were disabled. Patients who received combined therapy had a lower overall disability rate (13.7% versus 17.9%; OR 0.78 (0.6-1.01); P = 0.064). However, investigators found that index stroke was the reason for significantly fewer patients in the dual antiplatelet group having disability (8.4% versus 12%; OR, 0.72 (0.52-0.98); P = 0.038). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of moderate to severe bleeding complications between the dual and mono antiplatelet drug regimens (0.4% versus 0.2%; HR 1.5 (0.25, 8.98); P = 0.657).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aspirin plus clopidogrel was associated with a reduction in the incidence of disability attributed to index stroke. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of moderate to severe bleeding complications between the two antiplatelet drug regimens.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>ChiCTR1900025214.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1259-1270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9625206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rivaroxaban Combined with Atorvastatin Inhibits Acute Pulmonary Embolism by Promoting the Expression of NRF2/NQO1.","authors":"Yang Chen, Cuncun Fan, Jinkun Wang, Mingming Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07479-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07479-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atorvastatin and direct oral factor Xa inhibitors (for instance, rivaroxaban) are co-administrated in patients with atrial fibrillation. However, no studies have been conducted on the function of these two agents in acute pulmonary embolism (APE). Therefore, we investigated the effects of rivaroxaban + atorvastatin in rats with APE and explored the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with APE were enrolled, and rats with APE were generated for different regimens. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), heart rate, and PaO₂ of APE patients and rats were measured. The plasma levels of oxidative stress- and inflammation-related factors were measured, and the expression of platelet activation markers (CD63 and CD62P) was detected. The proteins targeted by rivaroxaban and atorvastatin, the targets associated with APE, and the genes aberrantly expressed in rats with APE were intersected to obtain candidate factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rivaroxaban + atorvastatin reduced mPAP and increased PaO₂ in patients and rats with APE. Rivaroxaban + atorvastatin repressed oxidative stress, inflammatory levels, and platelet activation during APE. NRF2 and NQO1 were increased in the lung of rats treated with rivaroxaban + atorvastatin. The therapeutic effect of the combination on APE rats was suppressed after NRF2 downregulation. NRF2 promoted the NQO1 transcription. NQO1 eliminated the inhibitory effect of sh-NRF2 on the combined therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The alleviating effect of rivaroxaban + atorvastatin administration against APE correlates with NRF2/NQO1 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1271-1287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9989178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Efficacy and Safety Between Drug-Coated Balloons Versus Drug-Eluting Stents in the Treatment of De Novo Coronary Lesions in Large Vessels: A Study-Level Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials.","authors":"Bing Sun, Xu Tong Zhang, Rui Rui Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07526-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07526-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drug-coated balloons (DCB) can be used as an alternative to drug-eluting stents (DES) in patients with de novo small vessel coronary artery disease. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of solely using DCB versus DES in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for de novo coronary lesions in large vessels.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A database search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and http://Clinicaltrials.gov for trials comparing DCB only with DES in treating de novo coronary lesions in large vessels. Efficacy outcomes included coronary angiography (CAG), follow-up minimal lumen diameter (MLD), and late luminal loss (LLL). Safety outcomes included target lesion failure [TLF: cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), target lesion revascularization (TLR)] and their individual components.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included seven randomized control trials (RCTs) with 816 patients, of which 422 and 394 patients were in the DCB and DES groups, respectively. MLD measured during the 6-12 months follow-up in the DCB group was statistically significantly smaller than in the DES group (MD -0.21, 95% CI -0.34 to -0.07, P = 0.003, I² = 52%). LLL measured at 6-12 months follow-up was statistically significantly lower in the DCB group than in the DES group (MD -0.13, 95% CI -0.22 to -0.05, P = 0.003, I² = 60%). TLF, cardiac death, MI, and TLR, were not statistically significantly different between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of DCB was associated with less LLL at 6-12 months than DES and was not associated with any increase in adverse clinical events. This data suggests DCB are as effective in treating de novo coronary lesions in large vessels as DES.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1375-1384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138298426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation Restores Myocardial Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Levels, Improves Survival, and Promotes Protective Environment Post Myocardial Infarction.","authors":"Cynthia Tannous, Rana Ghali, Ahmed Karoui, Nada J Habeichi, Ghadir Amin, George W Booz, Mathias Mericskay, Marwan Refaat, Fouad A Zouein","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07525-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07525-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) is a coenzyme in oxidative phosphorylation and substrate of sirtuins and poly-ADP ribose polymerases, enzymes critical for cardiac remodeling post-MI. Decreased NAD⁺ is reported in several heart failure models with paradoxically an upregulation of nicotinamide riboside kinase 2, which uses nicotinamide riboside (NR) as substrate in an NAD⁺ biosynthetic pathway. We hypothesized that stimulating nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 pathway by NR supplementation exerts cardioprotective effects.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>MI was induced by LAD ligation in 2-3-month-old male mice. NR was administered daily (1 µmole/g body weight) over 7 days. RT-PCR showed a 60-fold increase in nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 expression 4 days post-MI with a 60% drop in myocardial NAD⁺ and overall survival of 61%. NR restored NAD⁺ levels and improved survival to 92%. Assessment of respiration in cardiac fibers revealed mitochondrial dysfunction post-MI, and NR improved complexes II and IV activities and citrate synthase activity, a measure of mitochondrial content. Additionally, NR reduced elevated PARP1 levels and activated a type 2 cytokine milieu in the damaged heart, consistent with reduced early inflammatory and pro-fibrotic response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data show that nicotinamide riboside could be useful for MI management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1385-1396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138298427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of PCSK9 Improves the Development of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Via Down-Regulating Notch3 Expression.","authors":"Peng Ye, Xiao-Min Jiang, Wei-Chun Qian, Juan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07458-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07458-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease characterized by continuous constriction and occlusion of small pulmonary arteries, leading to the development of right ventricular failure and death. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a kind of serine protease enzyme that increases low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) levels through degrading low-density lipoprotein cholesterol receptors (LDLr). However, whether inhibition of PCSK9 can alleviate PAH has not been reported.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We reported that PCSK9 expression was up-regulated in lung tissues of PAH patients. In addition, we used PCSK9 monoclonal antibody subcutaneously to inhibit PCSK9 expression in mice exposed to chronic hypoxia (10%) in combination with SU5416, a VEGF receptor inhibitor. Hypoxia plus SU5416-induced PAH was attenuated in PCSK9 monoclonal antibody-treated mice compared with wild-type mice. PCSK9 inhibited pulmonary vascular remodeling in mice. Moreover, PCSK9 knockdown significantly altered the proliferation and migration of hypoxia-induced PASMCs. We also found that PCSK9 monoclonal antibody inhibited Notch3 expression in vivo and in vitro.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that the PCSK9-Notch3 signaling pathway is critical for the proliferation and migration of PASMCs and provides a potential drug target for the treatment of PAH.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1223-1234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9551943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the Relationship Between Statins and Muscle Problems in the ELSA-Brasil MSK Cohort.","authors":"Aline Fernandes Pedroso, Sandhi Maria Barreto, Rosa Weiss Telles, Luciana A C Machado, Maria de Fátima Haueisen Sander Diniz, Bruce Bartholow Duncan, Roberta Carvalho Figueiredo","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07476-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07476-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the association between statins and muscle problems in a highly diverse sample of Brazilian civil servants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional data analysis at baseline of the ELSA-Brasil MSK cohort. Pain was identified through self-reported symptoms in large muscle groups (lower back and/or hips/thighs). Muscle strength was assessed using the five-times-sit-to-stand (FTSTS) and handgrip tests, with weakness defined as the lowest and highest quintiles of age- and sex-stratified handgrip strength and FTSTS performance time, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the association between statin use and muscle pain and weakness. Secondary analyses explored the impact of different types of statins and their duration of use on the response variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2156 participants (mean age 55.6 ± SD 8.9, 52.8% women) were included, of whom 21.1% were taking statins and 25.1% reported muscle pain. We found no significant association between statin use and muscle problems. Secondary analysis on different types of statins revealed an association between atorvastatin and muscle weakness, as measured by the five-times-sit-to-stand test (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.12-3.37), but not by the handgrip test (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.29-1.42). No evidence was found to support a link between the duration of statin treatment and muscle problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study challenges previous claims of an efficacy-effectiveness gap between experimental and observational literature on statins. The findings indicate that statin use does not contribute to muscular problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1409-1414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9607365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SR-B1-/-ApoE-R61h/h Mice Mimic Human Coronary Heart Disease.","authors":"Andrea Staršíchová","doi":"10.1007/s10557-023-07475-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10557-023-07475-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the modern world. Atherosclerosis underlies the majority of these pathologies and may result in sudden life-threatening events such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Current concepts consider a rupture (resp. erosion) of \"unstable/vulnerable\" atherosclerotic plaques as a primary cause leading to thrombus formation and subsequent occlusion of the artery lumen finally triggering an acute clinical event. We and others described SR-B1-/-ApoE-R61h/h mice mimicking clinical coronary heart disease in all major aspects: from coronary atherosclerosis through vulnerable plaque ruptures leading to thrombus formation/coronary artery occlusion, finally resulting in myocardial infarction/ischemia. SR-B1-/-ApoE-R61h/h mouse provides a valuable model to study vulnerable/occlusive plaques, to evaluate bioactive compounds as well as new anti-inflammatory and \"anti-rupture\" drugs, and to test new technologies in experimental cardiovascular medicine. This review summarizes and discuss our knowledge about SR-B1-/-ApoE-R61h/h mouse model based on recent publications and experimental observations from the lab.</p>","PeriodicalId":9557,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1123-1137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10240136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9575337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}