Canadian Journal of Plant Science最新文献_第3页

Canola variety, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur fertilization affect yield, quality, and fatty acid profile 油菜品种、氮、磷、硫施肥影响产量、品质和脂肪酸分布

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2023-0055

S. Crittenden, G. Clayton, Marley Boyce, X. Deng, C. Grant

{"title":"Canola variety, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur fertilization affect yield, quality, and fatty acid profile","authors":"S. Crittenden, G. Clayton, Marley Boyce, X. Deng, C. Grant","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2023-0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2023-0055","url":null,"abstract":"Canola yield and quality are important for food, feed, and industrial end-uses. There may be trade-offs between the agronomic and quality aspects of canola production depending on varietal traits and management. The objective of this work was to assess the effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) fertilization on agronomic and quality properties of canola varieties with distinct oleic acid contents. Nitrogen fertilization rates were 0, 25, 50, or 100 kg ha-1, P rates were 0 or 30 kg ha-1, and S rates were 0 or 20 kg ha-1. Canola was grown in 2003, 2004, and 2005 at Brandon, a private farm close to Brandon, and at Lacombe, Canada. Canola yields averaged 2.36 t ha-1 for conventional, 2.53 t ha-1 for low, and 2.2 t ha-1 for the high oleic acid varieties at maximum fertilization of N, P, and S. The high oleic acid variety averaged 75 % oleic acid content, whereas the low variety averaged 65 %, and the conventional variety 62 %. Total saturated fatty acids were greatest with the conventional oleic acid variety, and tended to increase with N, decrease with S, and were not influenced by P. The high oleic acid variety yielded slightly less than the other two varieties but tended to have lower glucosinolate and saturated fatty acid contents. This work could have implications for human nutrition or other end-uses. Current canola varieties and fertility management should be studied to produce canola with quality tailored for the end use.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47791124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultraviolet-C irradiation has no short-term, direct effects on cyclamen mite (Phytonemus pallidus (Banks)) in strawberry. 紫外- c辐射对草莓中的仙客来螨(Phytonemus pallidus, Banks)无短期直接影响。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2023-0009

J. Renkema, F. Takeda, W. Janisiewicz

{"title":"Ultraviolet-C irradiation has no short-term, direct effects on cyclamen mite (Phytonemus pallidus (Banks)) in strawberry.","authors":"J. Renkema, F. Takeda, W. Janisiewicz","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclamen mite is a nearly global pest of strawberry, inhabiting concealed spaces within folded leaves and flower buds emerging from plant crowns. It feeds on new plant tissue causing leaf discoloration and deformation, stunted plants, fruit bronzing and cracking, and yield losses at high population levels. Because UV-C irradiation is a promising new tool for disease and pest management in strawberry, and because there are few control options for cyclamen mite, we tested the direct, short-term effects of UV-C on cyclamen mite populations in potted strawberry plants in a controlled environment. Results from three experiments showed few differences in cyclamen mite populations on controls versus plants treated with UV-C (0.237 W m-1) for three or four weeks. In the second experiment, using a different strawberry cultivar and directing the UV-C from above the plant crown only, there was indication of a mild effect that may be due to some direct mortality and/or indirectly to plant defenses. However, longer-term studies will need to be conducted to determine whether pre-infestation exposure to UV-C can enable strawberry plants to better resist or tolerate cyclamen mite populations. Direct mortality did not occur as in previous experiments with pests, like twospotted spider mite, that live primarily on opened leaves.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49116445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

UA CountyGold imidazoline herbicide-resistant non-transgenic open-pollinated spring Brassica napus canola UA CountyGold咪唑啉除草剂抗性非转基因开放授粉春油菜

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2023-0060

H. Rahman

引用次数: 0

Impact of green manure and weeds on selected soil health indicators in an organic grain cropping system in Nova Scotia 新斯科舍省有机谷物种植系统中绿肥和杂草对选定土壤健康指标的影响

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2023-0004

M. McNeil, D. Lynch, M. Z. Alam, A. Mills, Carolyn B. Marshall

引用次数: 0

Productivity, nutritive value, and profitability of high digestibility alfalfa cultivars harvested at two stages of development in eastern Canada 加拿大东部两个发展阶段收获的高消化率苜蓿品种的生产力、营养价值和盈利能力

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2023-0025

Marie-Soleil Boucher, G. Tremblay, P. Seguin, M. Thériault, É. Charbonneau, Jean-Philippe Laroche, A. Bertrand, A. Claessens, G. Bélanger, C. Halde

{"title":"Productivity, nutritive value, and profitability of high digestibility alfalfa cultivars harvested at two stages of development in eastern Canada","authors":"Marie-Soleil Boucher, G. Tremblay, P. Seguin, M. Thériault, É. Charbonneau, Jean-Philippe Laroche, A. Bertrand, A. Claessens, G. Bélanger, C. Halde","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2023-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2023-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars developed for improved digestibility by conventional breeding or genetically modified (GM) have not been evaluated in eastern Canada. This study compared yield, nutritive value, and profitability of two reduced-lignin GM cultivars, three conventionally selected for low lignin or high-pectin, and one population with improved stem degradability, with two commercially adapted cultivars as controls. Alfalfa was harvested at the early bud (intensive management) or early flower (extensive management) stage of development during the first post-seeding year at three sites and the second post-seeding year at one site. All cultivars/population had similar annual dry matter (DM) yield, except for lower DM yield (−20%) of the improved stem degradability population. Conventionally selected cultivars for improved digestibility did not differ from control cultivars for in vitro DM digestibility (IVTD) and neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFd). Reduced-lignin GM cultivars, however, had a greater IVTD and NDFd (+10%), and less lignin (-10%) than control cultivars at the same stage of development. Reduced-lignin GM cultivars under extensive management had similar NDFd and greater annual DM yield (+1 to 2 Mg DM ha−1), but reduced total digestible nutrients (−41 to 44 g kg−1 DM), in comparison to control cultivars under intensive management. Using partial budget analysis the comparison of more digestible GM cultivars to the control cultivars resulted in an increase in annual farm net profits ranging from CAD$7.4 to $79.6 cow−1 yr−1 depending on stage of development at harvest. Further investigations are needed to quantify performance of dairy cows fed cultivars with improved digestibility.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45443437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

OAC Union soybean OAC联合大豆

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2023-0037

Mohsen Yoosefzadeh Najafabadi, B. Stirling, R. Brandt, S. Torabi, M. Eskandari

引用次数: 0

OAC Stirling soybean OAC斯特林大豆

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2023-0038

Mohsen Yoosefzadeh Najafabadi, R. Brandt, B. Stirling, S. Torabi, M. Eskandari

引用次数: 0

Survey of glyphosate- and dicamba-resistant kochia (Bassia scoparia) in Saskatchewan 萨斯喀彻温省抗草甘膦和抗麦草畏的土虱调查

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2023-0016

S. Sharpe, J. Leeson, C. Geddes, C. Willenborg, H. Beckie

{"title":"Survey of glyphosate- and dicamba-resistant kochia (Bassia scoparia) in Saskatchewan","authors":"S. Sharpe, J. Leeson, C. Geddes, C. Willenborg, H. Beckie","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Kochia ( Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott) is a problematic tumbleweed, which infests row crops and ruderal areas within western Canada. Herbicide resistance makes kochia management challenging for producers. Widespread resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibitors, evolution and spread of glyphosate resistance, and the occurrence of dicamba resistance has been previously noted in Saskatchewan. This study's objective was to evaluate the occurrence and distribution of glyphosate- and dicamba-resistant kochia in central and southern Saskatchewan. A randomized, stratified survey was conducted in the fall of 2019 at 303 sites. Rotational history was obtained using the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Annual Crop Inventory. Kochia samples were collected from cropped fields (78%), ditches (17%), oil well sites (2%), and railway grades (3%). Glyphosate resistance was detected in 87% of samples ( n = 275) within 137 Rural Municipalities (RMs). Dicamba resistance was detected in 45% of kochia samples ( n = 255) in 87 RMs. Crops infested with herbicide-resistant kochia included wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. and T. durum Desf.), canola ( Brassica napus L.), lentils ( Lens culinaris Medik.), barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.), and peas ( Pisum sativum L.). Reducing the soil seedbank and preventing dispersal will be critical to mitigating resistance. Good herbicide stewardship including mixing multiple modes of action is paramount. Cultural strategies to increase canopy closure and crop competitiveness to limit biomass and seed production are recommended. Kochia occupies many environments outside of cropped fields, and a community-wide management approach may be necessary to reduce dispersal potential of tumbling plants that disperse seed.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44934036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of physicochemical characteristics, bioactive components, and volatile profile of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) 酸樱桃(Prunus cerasus)理化特性、生物活性成分及挥发性特征的比较分析

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2022-0263

Prabhjot Kaur, Kitson Morden, J. Subramanian, Ashutosh Singh

{"title":"Comparative analysis of physicochemical characteristics, bioactive components, and volatile profile of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus)","authors":"Prabhjot Kaur, Kitson Morden, J. Subramanian, Ashutosh Singh","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0263","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides a detailed report on the physicochemical, bioactive components, and volatile profile of diverse sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) cultivars to identify the cultivar(s) containing high health-promoting components. Physiological characteristics (fruit weight, size dimensions, moisture, color attributes, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, titratable acidity (TA), MI (Maturity Index), nutritional bioactive components (total phenolic, total anthocyanin content, total flavonoids), antioxidant activity, and volatile profile of 10 sour cherry cultivars, consisting of dark red Morello type and clear fruit flesh- Amarelle type were studied. The total phenolic content (TPC) was in the range of 123.24-289.91 mg GAE/ 100g FW (Fresh Weight), total flavonoids (1340.23- 2831.91 mg Quercetin Equivalent (QE/100g FW), and total anthocyanins (225.43-485.66 mg CGE/100g FW) in different sour cherry cultivars, showing significant diversity in such health-promoting compounds. In-vitro antioxidant activity assessed by FRAP was observed in the range of 658.18-1483.37 mg Trolox Equivalent (TE)/100g FW and by ABTS 384.36 and 931.85 mg TE/100g FW. A total of 10 phenolic components including 5 hydroxycinnamic acids, 3 flavonoids (flavanols and flavanol), and one anthocyanin have been identified and quantified by HPLC. Hydroxycinnamic acids represented the 40-60% composition of total phenolic components, while flavonoids and anthocyanins amounted to 20% each in total phenolic composition. The volatile profile of sour cherry cultivars revealed that aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, esters, monoterpenes, acids, sugars, and hydrocarbons were the predominant volatiles present in sour cherry.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49256420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The soybean NADPH oxidase gene GmRbohK is crucial for nodule formation in symbiosis 大豆NADPH氧化酶基因GmRbohK对共生根瘤的形成至关重要

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2022-0271

D. Ke, Shuang Feng, Yihan Hu, Dan Xu, Huan Wang

{"title":"The soybean NADPH oxidase gene GmRbohK is crucial for nodule formation in symbiosis","authors":"D. Ke, Shuang Feng, Yihan Hu, Dan Xu, Huan Wang","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0271","url":null,"abstract":"Plants regulate various biological activities in cells by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) as signal molecules. Plant NADPH oxidases, respiratory burst oxidase homologues (Rbohs), are the main source of ROS and participate in a variety of plant physiological processes. However, there are few studies regarding the function of Rbohs in rhizobium–legume symbiotic nodulation. A Rbohs subfamily gene GmRbohK was cloned and the gene expression and its subcellular localization were studied. The GmRbohK gene was highly expressed in soybean roots and nodules and greatly induced by rhizobia. GmRbohK was located at the cell membrane of Arabidopsis protoplasts. Moreover, RNA interference (RNAi) of GmRbohK resulted in a decrease in the number of nodules and nitrogenase activity. Meanwhile, the expression levels of nodulation marker genes decreased in association with the decrease in GmRbohK expression level. RNAi of GmRbohK inhibited the production of ROS and blocked infection events at the initial stage of nodule formation. Further analysis of nodule tissue sections revealed that RNAi of GmRbohK significantly reduced the number of bacteroids in the nodule infection area. In conclusion, GmRbohK is heavily involved in the regulation of soybean nodule formation.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45126601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0