Canadian Journal of Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"AAC Kongsore oat","authors":"Jennifer W. Mitchell Fetch, Martin H. Entz, Stephen L. Fox, Dean Spaner, Katherine Stanley, Michelle K. Carkner, T.G. Fetch, C.A. McCartney, J.G. Menzies, X. Wang, N. Ames, K.T. Nilsen, A. Burt, S. Kumar, K.D. Hamilton, D.A. Green, W. Dyck, K. Stewart, B. Cormack","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0108","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract AAC Kongsore is a white-hulled spring oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar selected and developed under organic management. AAC Kongsore had high yields under organic and conventional production systems, compared to check cultivars (AAC Oravena, Leggett, AC Morgan and CDC Dancer). AAC Kongsore has good physical and milling quality traits.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":"102 1","pages":"1225 - 1231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48386500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of broadcast and spot herbicide applications for spreading dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium L.) management in lowbush blueberry fields","authors":"H. Lyu, A. McKenzie‐Gopsill, S. White","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0087","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Spreading dogbane is a creeping herbaceous perennial weed in lowbush blueberry. Management is limited primarily to spot applications of dicamba, though recent herbicide registrations facilitate the evaluation of new broadcast and spot herbicide applications. The objectives of this research were to determine (1) the effect of sequential postemergence (POST) mesotrione application interval on spreading dogbane, (2) the effect of sequential POST mesotrione and foramsulfuron applications on spreading dogbane, (3) the effect of POST herbicide tank mixtures on spreading dogbane, (4) the effect of summer and fall spot herbicide applications on spreading dogbane, and (5) the effect of spot applications of dicamba tank mixtures with sulfonylurea herbicides on spreading dogbane. Broadcast mesotrione (144 g a.i. ha−1) and foramsulfuron (35 g a.i. ha−1) applications did not control spreading dogbane. Control was not improved by sequential applications of either herbicide. Broadcast mesotrione + foramsulfuron applications reduced non-bearing-year density and may be more effective than either herbicide applied alone. Broadcast flazasulfuron applications reduced non-bearing-year shoot density and flazasulfuron + foramsulfuron applications reduced non-bearing-year and bearing-year shoot densities. Summer spot applications of foramsulfuron and flazasulfuron caused 70% injury to spreading dogbane but did not reduce shoot density, and dicamba continues to be the most effective spot herbicide treatment. Fall spot applications did not control spreading dogbane due to early senescence of spreading dogbane shoots. Spot applications of dicamba at 0.96 or 1.92 g a.e. L water−1 provided equivalent spreading dogbane control and efficacy was not improved by tank mixture with foramsulfuron, flazasulfuron, or nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":"102 1","pages":"1079 - 1089"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48494975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Donalda hard red spring wheat","authors":"D. Spaner, M. Iqbal, K. Strenzke, I. Ciechanowska, B. Beres","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0094","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Donalda, a hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), was developed at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. It is an awned, hollow-stemmed cultivar with high yield potential, short in stature with good lodging tolerance. During the 3 years of testing in the Western Bread Wheat Registration tests during 2018–2020, Donalda yielded 4.3% higher than Carberry and displayed similar physiological maturity. Additional features of Donalda that paralleled the performance of Carberry included plant height, tolerance to lodging, and quality parameters related to test weight, grain weight, and grain protein content. Overall, during the 3 years of testing, Donalda was rated “resistant” to the prevalent races of leaf, stem, and stripe rusts, “moderately susceptible” to common bunt and “intermediate” to Fusarium head blight. Three years of the end-use quality evaluation indicated that Donalda met the quality guidelines for the Canada Western Red Spring wheat market class. Résumé La variété de blé roux vitreux de printemps (Triticum aestivum L.) Donalda a été créée à l’Université de l’Alberta, à Edmonton (Canada). Ce cultivar barbu de courte taille, à tige creuse, se caractérise par un rendement potentiel élevé. La variété résiste bien à la verse. Au cours des trois années qu’ont duré les essais d’homologation du blé panifiable de l’Ouest (de 2018 à 2020), Donalda a enregistré un rendement de 4,3 % plus élevé que celui de Carberry à une maturité physiologique analogue. Parmi les autres particularités de Donalda correspondant à celles de Carberry, mentionnons la taille du plant, la tolérance à la verse et les paramètres qualitatifs (poids spécifique, poids du grain et teneur en protéines du grain). Dans l’ensemble, au cours des trois années d’essai, la variété Donalda a été qualifiée de « résistante » aux races prévalentes de la rouille des feuilles, de la rouille de la tige et de la rouille jaune, de « modérément sensible » à la carie et de « moyennement résistante » à la fusariose de l’épi. L’évaluation triennale de la qualité du cultivar en regard de son usage final correspond aux valeurs de la classe marchande « blé roux de printemps de l’Ouest canadien ». [Traduit par la Rédaction]","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":"102 1","pages":"1067 - 1072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48990120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact de la régie sur la productivité et la valeur nutritive de prairies d'alpiste roseau dans le littoral du lac Saint-Pierre","authors":"P. Seguin, Élise Smedbol, Valérie Gravel","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0113","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract L'alpiste roseau (Phalaris arundinacea L.) est une espèce adaptée au littoral du lac Saint-Pierre. Elle peut être utilisée comme source de fourrage et sa biomasse résiduelle en fin de saison peut être utilisée par les poissons pour y déposer leurs œufs lors de la crue printanière. Une régie plus intensive favorise la production fourragère (6974 kg MS/ha), tandis qu'une régie moins intensive produit des rendements en fourrages moindres (2600 kg MS/ha) mais maximise la biomasse résiduelle à l'automne (6271 kg MS/ha). La régie à favoriser dans le littoral devra tenir compte des besoins agricoles et des besoins fauniques.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":"102 1","pages":"1196 - 1200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42654553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of perennial forage seed crops for cropping systems resiliency in the Peace River region of western Canada","authors":"N. Khanal","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0125","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Peace River region is one of the northern agricultural frontiers in Canada, undergoing farmland expansion as well as intensification with input-intensive industrial agriculture. The cropping systems evolved with the rotations between annual grain and perennial forage crops as a prudent adaptation to fragile, crust-forming, runoff-prone, poorly developed, platy-structured acidic Luvisolic soils. In recent years, there is a decline in the acreage of perennial forage seed crops leading to simplified low-diversity cropping systems with heavy reliance on external inputs. The production systems have been prone to the rapid evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds, and outbreaks of crop diseases and insect pests in the face of global warming. A number of studies conducted in the Peace River region and other parts of North America have shown multiple benefits of integrating perennial forage crops in the cropping systems. By virtue of high root-to-shoot ratio and perennial growth, forage seed crops can provide multiple ecological services in the fragile Luvisolic soil through increased soil organic matter, carbon sequestration, soil biological diversity, soil structural improvement, nutrient mobilization, crop protection and environmental health, thereby creating conducive effects to the resilient performance of the cropping systems. This review discusses the merits of crop rotations in general and those of perennial forage seed crops in particular in the face of changing climate, with special reference to studies conducted in the Prairies and Peace region of western Canada. Research opportunities are highlighted to elucidate multidimensional ecosystem services from diversified cropping sequences integrating perennial forage seed crops. Au Canada, la région de la rivière de la Paix marque une des limites les plus nordiques de l’agriculture. Les terres arables continuent de s’y étendre et l’agriculture industrielle s’y intensifie grâce à l’usage massif d’intrants. Les systèmes culturaux ont évolué et la prudence a voulu qu’on adopte des assolements annuels de céréales et de plantes fourragères vivaces en raison de la fragilité du sol, constitué de luvisols acides, mal développés, à structure lamellaire, qui forment des croûtes et sont sensibles au ruissellement. Depuis quelques années cependant, on assiste à une diminution de la superficie consacrée à la production de graines de plantes fourragères vivaces et à l’avènement de systèmes culturaux plus simples, moins diversifiés, qui reposent lourdement sur l’apport externe d’intrants. Avec le réchauffement climatique, pareils systèmes favorisent l’apparition rapide d’adventices résistantes aux herbicides, mais aussi de maladies et d’infestations de ravageurs. Plusieurs études réalisées dans la région de la rivière de la Paix et ailleurs en Amérique du Nord ont illustré les nombreux avantages de l’intégration de plantes fourragères vivaces aux systèmes culturaux. En raison de leur rapport racines:p","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42858642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CDC Vantta durum wheat","authors":"C. Pozniak, J. Clarke, J. Haile, T. Haile","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0118","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract CDC Vantta durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) is adapted to the durum production area of the Canadian prairies. CDC Vantta combines high grain yield potential, strong straw, and a semi-dwarf growth habit. CDC Vantta is resistant to leaf and stripe rusts and common bunt, and expresses high yellow pigment in the grain and superior pasta colour compared with check cultivars. CDC Vantta has low cadmium concentration and is eligible for grades of the Canada Western Amber Durum class.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":"102 1","pages":"1201 - 1208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44219789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of prediction of indigestible fiber fraction (iNDF) of whole-crop barley silage by using non-destructive spectroscopic techniques as a fast-screening method: comparison between FTIR vs. NIR","authors":"B. Refat, P. Yu","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0054","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this study was to reveal the potential of using Fourier transform mid-infrared (FTIR) and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as tools for the determination of indigestible neutral (NDF) fraction (iNDF) of whole-crop barley silage. A total of 48 whole-crop barley silage samples collected from 48 different farms in Western Canada were analyzed for iNDF. Reference values were matched with NIR and FTIR spectra. Spectral data processing (pretreatments) included first derivative, standard normal variate, multiplicative scattering correction, second derivative, and orthogonal signal correction. Prediction equations were obtained from each model using an external validation set. The coefficient of determination for the external validation of iNDF was 0.62 for FTIR and 0.41 for NIR, while the corresponding ratio performance deviation was 1.69 and 1.38 for FTIR and NIR, respectively. Results from this research showed the high potential of applying infrared molecular spectroscopy for the examination of forage plant fiber digestibility. More studies are needed to improve the accuracy and performance of FTIR and NIR spectroscopies in predicting the iNDF of whole-crop barley silage samples.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":"102 1","pages":"1130 - 1138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42607773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New tools for mechanical weed control in low-input dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) production","authors":"K. Stanley, M. Entz","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2021-0282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2021-0282","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Camera-guided narrow (15 cm)-row, inter-row cultivation, with or without the Einböck rotary weeder, reduced weed growth but had lower yield than herbicide-treated dry beans. In wide rows (60 cm), camera guidance improved finger weeder performance and mechanically weeded dry bean yields were similar to the herbicide treatment. Résumé Le sarclage en bande étroite (15 cm) guidé par caméra, entre les rangs, avec ou sans la désherbeuse rotative Einböck, freine la croissance des adventices, mais réduit le rendement du haricot, comparativement à l’usage d’un herbicide. Quand l’espace entre les rangs est plus large (60 cm), le désherbage assisté par caméra améliore la performance du sarcleur à doigts et le rendement des haricots désherbés mécaniquement est similaire à celui obtenu avec le désherbage chimique. [Traduit par la Rédaction]","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":"102 1","pages":"1057 - 1060"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44189705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scheduling adequate irrigation mitigates postharvest soft scald disorder of Ambrosia™ apples grown in a semiarid eco-zone","authors":"Changwen Lu, P. Toivonen","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effect of irrigation on soft scald (SS) disorder in Ambrosia™ apples was surveyed over 4 years in various orchards in Cawston, BC which is located in a valley having a semiarid eco-zone. The observations were further validated by manipulating irrigation programs in a series of experiments in three commercial orchards. Adequate irrigation (AI) was defined as the amount of water application required to maintain sustainable production as defined in the provincial irrigation guide, while deficit irrigation (DI) reduced irrigation to less than 40% of AI at the same site. Records from the survey study indicated that SS incidence was negatively correlated with the amount of watering (r = −0.9). The validation study confirmed that correlation at three different commercial sites. These results suggest that intensive water deficit can cause fruit to be susceptible to SS and that adequate watering during fruit expansion and late season exerts a mitigating effect on SS in Ambrosia™ apples grown in a dry climate region. They also suggest that conducting DI prior to midsummer does not irrevocably cause SS susceptibility in this apple.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":"102 1","pages":"884 - 890"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64180638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AAC Westlock Canada Prairie Spring Red wheat","authors":"H. Randhawa, R. Dhariwal, R. Graf, T. Fetch, B. McCallum, M. Henríquez, R. Aboukhaddour","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2022-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2022-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract AAC Westlock, an awned hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, combines high grain yield and good agronomic characteristics with excellent resistance to leaf, stripe, and stem rust (including variants of Ug99), Fusarium head blight (FHB), and common bunt. Based on 40 station-years of registration trial data from 2018 to 2020, the grain yield of AAC Westlock was 1% higher than AAC Foray and 7% over AAC Penhold. AAC Westlock was significantly shorter than AAC Foray, had straw strength similar to AAC Penhold, and maturity similar to AAC Foray. AAC Westlock had similar test weight and protein concentration but lower thousand kernel weight as compared to AAC Foray. AAC Westlock had milling and baking quality suitable for grades of the Canada Prairie Spring Red wheat market class.","PeriodicalId":9530,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","volume":"102 1","pages":"949 - 955"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42911236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}