Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"New therapeutic approaches for EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer on osimertinib era","authors":"Jaime Rubio-Perez ,&nbsp;Roberto Hernandez ,&nbsp;Carlota Santolaya ,&nbsp;Maria Cruz Martin-Soberon ,&nbsp;Sandra Zazo ,&nbsp;Nerea Carvajal ,&nbsp;Federico Rojo","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (EGFRmut NSCLC) represents a heterogeneous group of tumors with varying clinical outcomes. Resistance to osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), is inevitable, with emerging evidence suggesting that concurrent genomic alterations influence treatment efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study analyzed 58 stage IV EGFRmut NSCLC patients treated with osimertinib across four hospitals in Madrid, Spain, between March 2021 and February 2023. Comprehensive genomic profiling was conducted using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to evaluate co-mutations. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression were applied to assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A second co-mutation was identified in 44.1 % of patients, with TP53 (70 %) being the most frequent, followed by EGFR (11.5 %), PI3K (11.5 %), and MET amplifications (7.7 %). Patients with co-mutations exhibited significantly worse PFS compared to those with only EGFR mutations (HR: 8.0, 95 % CI: 1.81–35.4; <em>p</em> = 0.001). Specifically, TP53 co-mutations were associated with reduced PFS (HR: 21.6, 95 % CI: 2.77–169; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and a non-statistically significant trend toward worse OS (HR: 3.10, 95 % CI: 0.89–10.8; <em>p</em> = 0.062).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study highlights the prognostic impact of co-mutations, particularly TP53, in EGFRmut NSCLC treated with osimertinib. These findings underscore the need for novel therapeutic approaches and personalized treatment strategies, especially in subgroups with poor prognoses. Trials such as MARIPOSA and FLAURA-2 provide promising evidence for treatment intensification, but careful patient stratification is essential to balance efficacy and toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100945"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HOXB and HOXD genes contribute to the carcinogenic processes in glioblastoma: evidence form a bioinformatics analysis","authors":"Mohsen Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Maryam Bazrgar ,&nbsp;Saeedeh Akhavan ,&nbsp;Mohadeseh Fathi ,&nbsp;Pegah Mousavi ,&nbsp;Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Glioblastoma is an aggressive cancer that affects the brain. The <em>Homeobox B</em> and <em>D</em> (<em>HOXB/D</em>) family has been linked to tumor progression, but their exact mechanism remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This study aimed to identify critical <em>HOXB/D</em> family members associated with glioblastoma and analyze their expression in glioblastoma using the GEPIA2 database. The study also assessed genetic alterations, their related transcription factors, miRNAs, gene-gene interactions, and correlations between their expression and immune infiltration using databases like cBioPortal, miRNet, GeneMANIA, and GSCA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We showed that <em>HOXB2/3/7</em> and <em>HOXD3/8/9/10/11/13</em> expression was higher in glioblastoma samples compared to normal samples. Increased expression of <em>HOXB2/5/8/9/13</em> was associated with negative effects on overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-free survival (PFS), while overexpression of <em>HOXB2/5/9</em> was linked to inferior PFS. Heightened levels of <em>HOXD4/9, HOXD9/11</em>, and <em>HOXD9/10/11</em> expression in glioblastoma patients were correlated with unfavorable outcomes in terms of OS, DSS, and PFS. <em>HOXB/D</em> genes were related to 20 different genes, mainly enriched in the Activation of <em>HOX</em> Genes During Differentiation R-HSA-5619507 pathway. Immune cells were linked to specific genes in glioblastoma, with <em>HOXB2</em> and <em>HOXD3</em> expression potentially causing resistance to Methotrexate and Z-LLNle-CHO, <em>HOXB7</em> indicating sensitivity to Lapatinib but resistance to 18 other small molecules, <em>HOXD8</em> leading to resistance against 5 small molecules, and upregulated <em>HOXD9, HOXD10</em>, and <em>HOXD13</em> suggesting sensitivity to 2, 4, and 9 small molecules, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Taken together, we showed contribution of <em>HOXB</em> and <em>HOXD</em> genes in the carcinogenic processes and proposed them as possible targets for treatment options.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100923"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in real-world patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Na Yin ,&nbsp;Ruihan Yang,&nbsp;Xiangliang Liu,&nbsp;Xiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100908","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The aim of this study was to explore the predictors of immunotherapy efficacy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the real world and to analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of patients receiving immunotherapy for advanced NSCLC.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Clinical pathological data from patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were collected. Survival analysis and differential efficacy comparison of progression-free survival (PFS) was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analyses of PFS and objective response rate (ORR) were performed by Cox proportional risk regression models and logistic regression models to explore influence factors associated with the prognosis of immunotherapy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;(1) Overall, the median PFS (median PFS, mPFS) for 237 patients was 11.3 months (range: 8.5-14.1), the ORR was 55.7 %. Univariate and multivariate analyses of PFS in the overall population found that age ≥65 years, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) physical status (PS) score of 0-1, clinical stage III, absence of liver metastases, immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) ≥47.8 were independent predictors of longer PFS in immunotherapy-advanced NSCLC. Univariate and multifactorial logistic regression analysis of ORR in 237 patients suggested that ECOG PS score, number of ICI lines and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were independent influence factors of ORR.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(2) In the \"stage IV, first-line, ECOG PS 0-1\" subgroup, 106（106/237）patients had an mPFS of 10.9 months (range: 9.6-12.2) and an ORR of 59.4 %. Univariate and multivariate analyses of PFS in subgroups found that liver metastases, immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and PNI were independent influencers of PFS. A univariate analysis of ORR found that only High-PNI was associated with longer PFS.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(3) Additional factors affecting the efficacy were explored. A subgroup analysis among 64 (64/237) patients with accessible programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels showed a trend towards a PFS benefit in patients with PD-L1 tumor cell proportion score (TPS) ≥ 50 % and TPS &lt; 1 % compared to patients with PD-L1 TPS &lt; 1 % (p=0.196); A subgroup analysis among 91 (91/237) patients with traceable genetic test results showed that patients with positive driver genes (KRAS/MET/RET/HER2/EGFR/ALK) had a shorter PFS than patients with negative driver genes (HR=1.712, 95 % CI: 0.994-2.947, p=0.048); Subgroup analyses of efficacy assessment showed significantly prolonged PFS in patients with an initial or best outcome assessment of complete response (CR) or partial remission (PR) compared with stable disease (SD) or progressive disease (PD) (P &lt; 0.001).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(4) Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) requiring pharmacological interventi","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100908"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative smart biosensors for cancer theranostics: A new frontier in detection, diagnosis, and beyond","authors":"Archna Dhasmana ,&nbsp;Ayushi Santhanam ,&nbsp;Khushi Dhasmana ,&nbsp;Sumira Malik ,&nbsp;Subham Preetam","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer is still a major health concern worldwide, requiring ongoing improvements in methods of diagnosis and treatment. During the past decade, smart biosensors have become essential instruments in cancer theranostics, improving diagnosis accuracy, tracking treatment efficacy, and customizing patient care. This review thoroughly investigates how smart biosensors have revolutionized the field of cancer. The potential of major technical advancements, such as wearable technology, microfluidic platforms, and sensors based on nanomaterials to identify cancer biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity is investigated. A detailed discussion is held regarding clinical applications that include early diagnosis, real-time monitoring of therapy responses, and support for personalized medicine techniques. Future directions targeted at optimizing the therapeutic utility of smart biosensors in oncology are also examined, along with issues pertaining to regulatory routes and clinical translation hurdles. This study highlights the potential of smart biosensors to transform cancer treatment, bringing in a new era of precision medicine and better patient outcomes by combining insights from multiple viewpoints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100911"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterioration of performance status before administration of chemotherapy as a prognostic factor in untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Kenju Ando,&nbsp;Hirotsugu Kenmotsu,&nbsp;Yuichiro Nishibori,&nbsp;Akiko Tamura,&nbsp;Suguru Matsuda,&nbsp;Meiko Morita,&nbsp;Motoki Sekikawa,&nbsp;Kosei Doshita,&nbsp;Keita Miura,&nbsp;Hiroaki Kodama,&nbsp;Michitoshi Yabe,&nbsp;Noboru Morikawa,&nbsp;Yuko Iida,&nbsp;Nobuaki Mamesaya,&nbsp;Haruki Kobayashi,&nbsp;Ryo Ko,&nbsp;Kazushige Wakuda,&nbsp;Akira Ono,&nbsp;Tateaki Naito,&nbsp;Haruyasu Murakami,&nbsp;Toshiaki Takahashi","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The prognostic impact of changes in performance status (PS) of untreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of acute PS deterioration in patients with untreated advanced NSCLC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study is a single center, retrospective, observational study. Patients with Stage IV NSCLC who were referred to our institution between January 2018 and March 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into three groups: 1) patients with PS 0 or 1 at referral and the start of chemotherapy; 2) patients with PS 2 or worse at initial referral and the start of chemotherapy; and 3) patients with PS 0 or 1 at referral that deteriorated to PS 2 or worse at the start of chemotherapy. The prognoses of Groups 2 and 3 were compared with those of Group 1.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 373 patients were included: 321 in Group 1, 20 in Group 2, and 32 in Group 3. The median overall survival (OS) of Group 3 was shorter than that of Group 1 (9.3 vs. 27.1 months, hazard ratio [HR] 2.56, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). The median OS of Group 2 was also shorter than that of Group 1, although not as significant as in Group 3 (20.2 vs. 27.1 months, HR 1.68, <em>p</em> = 0.06). After adjusting for symptoms, liver and pericardial metastases were associated with PS deterioration in multivariate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Among patients with untreated advanced NSCLC, acute PS deterioration before chemotherapy administration was associated with poor prognosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of acute toxicity events in lung cancer patients treated concurrently with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor","authors":"Garrett K Harada ,&nbsp;Eric Ku ,&nbsp;Akul Munjal ,&nbsp;John Yeakel ,&nbsp;Shuaib Juma ,&nbsp;Peter Maxim ,&nbsp;Steven Seyedin ,&nbsp;Misako Nagasaka ,&nbsp;Allen Chen ,&nbsp;Jeremy Harris","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have led to improvements in the management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), though toxicity profiles of combined TKI and radiation therapies remains unclear. We set out to determine if concurrent TKI therapy increases risk for acute esophageal or pulmonary toxicity following thoracic radiation.</div></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; methods</h3><div>We performed a retrospective study of patients receiving thoracic radiation for NSCLC from March 2011–December 2021. Concurrent TKI use included drug use within three months of radiation. Patients receiving concurrent therapy were compared to those receiving radiation alone for CTCAE acute toxicity within 12 months of radiation. Probit models were generated to derive normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) curves for toxicity outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>95 patients received lung radiation with a median follow-up of 12 months (range=5–114 months) of which 15.8 % (<em>n</em> = 15/95) patients received concurrent TKI. The rate of grade 2–3 acute esophagitis was 21.3 % (17/80) and 53.3 % (8/15) for patients receiving radiotherapy without and with concurrent TKI, respectively (<em>p</em> = 0.010). Concurrent TKI use was associated with more grade 2–3 esophagitis (OR=4.24, 95 % CI=1.34–3.34, <em>p</em> = 0.014). NTCP analysis showed concurrent TKI was associated with lower TD50 values for all dosimetric constraints for ≥ grade 2 esophagitis. There were no differences in pulmonary toxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Concurrent TKI therapy may contribute to radiosensitization of the esophagus during thoracic radiotherapy. However, there were no grade 4–5 toxicity outcomes, suggesting feasibility of this approach. Further investigation is warranted to determine potential complications and identify approaches to mitigate risk in multimodality therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary enrichment with n-3 lc-PUFA-rich fish oil improves preclinical outcome of radiotherapy and anti-PD-L1 combination treatment","authors":"Annemarie J.F. Westheim ,&nbsp;Ludwig J Dubois ,&nbsp;Elia Prades-Sagarra ,&nbsp;Jella G.M. van de Laak ,&nbsp;Hester van Mourik ,&nbsp;Lesley Schuitmaker ,&nbsp;Lara M. Stoffels ,&nbsp;Ala Yaromina ,&nbsp;Miriam van Dijk ,&nbsp;Jeroen van Bergenhenegouwen ,&nbsp;Ardy van Helvoort ,&nbsp;Ramon C.J. Langen ,&nbsp;Ronit Shiri-Sverdlov ,&nbsp;Jan Theys","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Emerging evidence suggests a positive impact of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (lc-PUFAs) on radiotherapy and anti-PD-L1 efficacy, however whether this translates into better outcomes in multimodality combination treatments remains unclear. We hypothesized that dietary lc-PUFAs can improve the outcome of RT/IT combination treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Effects of different lc-PUFAs on CT26 surface PDL-1 expression were measured <em>in vitro</em> in absence or presence of radiotherapy using flow cytometry. Immunocompetent BALB/cOlaHsd mice, inoculated with CT26 cells, were randomized across different isocaloric AIN93M-based diets enriched with either eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) rich fish oil, arachidonic acid (ARA) rich ARASCO oil or combination of both. When tumors reached ±200 mm³, irradiation (2.33 Gy, QD5) was started. anti-PD-L1 (10 mg/kg, i.p., Q2Dx5) treatment started 1 day later. Study endpoint was defined as time to reach four times starting volume. Effects on splenic cytotoxic CD8+ <em>T</em>-cell number and activity was measured by flow cytometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All lc-PUFAs tested and irradiation, upregulated PD-L1 expression <em>in vitro</em> with a stronger increase when combined. n-3 lc-PUFA-rich fish oil administration may support responsiveness to combined RT/anti-PD-L1 therapy, compared to control diet based on soybean oil, although borderline significant (hazard ratio 0.35 [0.11–1.02], <em>p</em> = 0.053). No effects of the oil blends were observed on tumor take, body weight, food intake or activation of splenic cytotoxic CD8+ <em>T</em>-cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A modest reduction in the risk of local tumor failure was observed upon n-3 lc-PUFA-rich fish oil administration, highlighting a need for further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world clinical practice and outcomes in Peruvian patients with advanced EGFR T790M mutation positive NSCLC: A multicenter analysis","authors":"Marco Galvez-Nino ,&nbsp;Katia Roque ,&nbsp;Rossana Ruiz ,&nbsp;Fernando Namuche ,&nbsp;Victor Paitan ,&nbsp;Tulio Arrese ,&nbsp;Jorge Zegarra ,&nbsp;George Oblitas ,&nbsp;Lisde Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Maco ,&nbsp;Maria del Pilar Cabrera ,&nbsp;Roberto Coello ,&nbsp;Jose Luis Portugal del Pino ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Ezquerra ,&nbsp;Rodolfo Perez Roca ,&nbsp;Ofelia Coanqui ,&nbsp;Natalia Valdiviezo ,&nbsp;Mivael Olivera ,&nbsp;Tatiana Vidaurre ,&nbsp;Alfredo Aguilar Cartagena ,&nbsp;Luis Mas","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Despite osimertinib being the standard therapy for advanced EGFR T790M mutation positive NSCLC, in many Latin American countries, access to molecular testing and targeted therapies is limited, directly impacting patient outcomes. This study describes the real-world management and outcomes of Peruvian patients with advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC who develop the T790M mutation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a multicenter retrospective study including patients from nine Peruvian institutions, both public and private, who progressed to first-line EGFR TKI and developed T790M mutation, detected between January 2018 and December 2023. We evaluated demographic, clinico-pathological features and treatment data, including diagnostic pathway, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventy-eight patients were included; T790M was detected by liquid biopsy in 52.6 % of cases. Median time from progression to T790M detection was 59.5 days (7–244). Osimertinib was administered to 62.8 % of patients after detection, with a median initiation time of 42 days (1–104). Median overall survival (OS) from first-line treatment was 46.6 months for patients who received osimertinib, 23.9 months for those receiving other therapies, and 16.1 months for those without treatment (<em>p</em> = 0.001). Among osimertinib-treated patients, the objective response rate (ORR) was 59.2 %, with a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 15.8 months. Median OS from osimertinib initiation was 16.3 months, significantly longer than for patients receiving other treatments after T790M detection (9.7 months; <em>p</em> = 0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study confirms the real-world effectiveness of osimertinib in Peruvian patients with advanced EGFR T790M positive NSCLC and highlights the importance of timely detection and access to targeted therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100906"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of lorlatinib in patients with ALK- and ROS1-rearranged metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated within the compassionate use program in Spain","authors":"Antonio Calles ,&nbsp;Mirian Alonso ,&nbsp;Paloma Martín-Martorell ,&nbsp;Ana Gómez ,&nbsp;Javier de Castro ,&nbsp;Maite Martínez-Aguillo ,&nbsp;Anna Estival ,&nbsp;Joaquin Mosquera ,&nbsp;Natividad Martínez-Banaclocha ,&nbsp;Margarita Majem ,&nbsp;Roxana Reyes ,&nbsp;Eider Azkona ,&nbsp;Ana Laura Ortega ,&nbsp;Santiago Aguin ,&nbsp;Ana Santos ,&nbsp;Andrés Aguilar ,&nbsp;Marc Cucurull ,&nbsp;Ana Blasco ,&nbsp;Virginia Calvo ,&nbsp;Dolores Isla ,&nbsp;Javier Baena","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lorlatinib, a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), targets both ALK and ROS1 rearrangements in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is approved for ALK-positive patients after progression on prior TKIs but lacks FDA or EMA approval for ROS1-positive NSCLC. This study evaluates lorlatinib's efficacy and safety in both ALK- and ROS1-positive patients through a compassionate use program in Spain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed ALK-positive patients treated from November 2016 to February 2019 and ROS1-positive patients treated from November 2016 to March 2021. Eligible patients had Stage IV NSCLC with confirmed ALK or ROS1 rearrangements and prior TKI therapy. For ALK-positive patients, at least two prior TKIs were required if crizotinib was used first. For ROS1-positive patients, prior crizotinib was required.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 61 ALK-positive patients, 59 % had brain metastasis, and 85.2 % received at least two prior ALK TKIs. The overall response rate (ORR) was 32.8 %, with a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 11.2 months. Intracranial ORR was 47.6 %, with higher efficacy in patients with evaluable brain metastasis. In patients with 1, 2, or ≥3 lines of previous TKIs, we observed a median PFS of 15.1, 11.1 and 7.6 months, respectively. Among 42 ROS1-positive patients, 59 % had brain metastasis, and 61.9 % received ≥2 prior therapies. The confirmed ORR was 47.6 %, with 16.7 % complete responses. Median PFS was 10 months. Patients receiving crizotinib alone had a median PFS of 10 months, while those with two prior TKIs had a median PFS of 8.5 months. Intracranial response was 44.4 %, rising to 57.1 % in patients evaluable with brain metastasis. No new safety signals were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Lorlatinib demonstrated consistent efficacy and manageable safety in both ALK- and ROS1-positive NSCLC patients treated under the compassionate use program in Spain. These real-world findings support its use as an effective treatment option in heavily pretreated patients.</div></div><div><h3>MicroAbstract</h3><div>We evaluated the efficacy and safety of lorlatinib in <em>ALK</em>- and <em>ROS1</em>-positive NSCLC patients within a compassionate use program in Spain. Among 61 <em>ALK</em>-positive patients, including 59 % with brain metastasis and 85.2 % treated with at least 2 prior ALK TKIs, lorlatinib achieved a confirmed overall response rate (ORR) of 32.8 % and a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 11.2 months. In 42 <em>ROS1</em>-positive patients previously treated with crizotinib, lorlatinib showed an ORR of 47.6 % and a median PFS of 10 months, confirming its clinical activity despite the lack of FDA or EMA approval for this indication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100905"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistological localization of MDM2, MCM2, Fascin, PCNA, EGFR in paraffin section; in the normal and cancerous human ovary","authors":"Mojgan Karimi Zarchi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Khalili ,&nbsp;Fariba Binesh ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Pourhosseini ,&nbsp;Ali Reza Talebi ,&nbsp;Azam Hassanpour ,&nbsp;Mahboubeh Vatanparast","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Many protein markers have been investigated in human tissues such as; Fascin, MDM2, MCM2, EGFR, and PCNA. These markers have important physiologic roles in cell proliferation, motility, adhesion, invasion, and survival.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>up to date, some researchers focused on these markers in ovarian cancer. However, the mentioned markers have not been investigated in the normal human ovary. Using the immunohistochemical technique we tried to localize these markers in the normal, and cancerous ovarian tissues.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Paraffin-embedded from 10 normal ovarian tissue and 1 case with histologically confirmed ovarian cancer, underwent an immunohistological process, and five mentioned markers were localized in the human ovary. At first, each marker presentation was assessed and then it tried to quantify the amount of presentation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fascin, PCNA, and MCM2 are presented high in the normal ovarian tissue, while EGFR is restricted to the epithelium and very rarely in the granulosa cells. Also, MDM2 was negative for all normal ovaries. All markers had overexpression in ovarian cancer in different patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ovarian cancer tissue showed over-expression of the cell proliferation and motility markers compared with the normal ovary. These markers may have prognostic value in ovarian cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100932"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}