Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic value of large amino acid transporter type 1 (LAT1) expression in pulmonary adenocarcinoma: A tissue microarray study","authors":"Azusa Terao ,&nbsp;Hironori Ninomiya ,&nbsp;Kengo Takeuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Large amino acid transporter type 1 (LAT1) provides cancer cells with essential amino acids for both protein synthesis and cell growth and may predict patient prognosis. Additionally, LAT1 inhibition can be a therapeutic target. This study aimed to examine the prognostic significance of LAT1 expression in lung cancer, paying special attention to adenocarcinoma subtypes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Tissue microarrays (TMA) of 1,560 total cores obtained from surgically resected lung cancer specimens between 1995 and 2008 at our hospital were used. Overall, 795 cases of adenocarcinoma were identified, and 717 underwent further evaluation. Immunohistochemical staining of whole slides and TMA cores were assessed to set H-score cutoff value.. Immunohistochemical expression of LAT1 was examined based on the subtypes of adenocarcinoma. Statistical analyses explored the prognostic significance of LAT1.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Adenocarcinoma accounted for 71.8% of all cases (<em>n</em> = 795), and 216 cases (27.1%) expressed LAT1. The 795 cases were categorized into five subtypes: lepidic (<em>n</em> = 29, 3.6%), papillary (<em>n</em> = 601, 75.6%), acinar (<em>n</em> = 58, 7.3%), and solid (<em>n</em> = 9, 1.1%); 717 of the 795 cases were further assessed according to the exclusion criteria. The LAT1-positive ratio increased as the architectural grade increased. Notably, in papillary adenocarcinoma, the LAT1-positive group had significantly lower overall survival compared to the negative group (10-year survival: 45.6% vs. 60.8%, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>LAT1 expression was higher in high-grade subtypes of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Moreover, LAT1 expression is useful for predicting prognosis, particularly in papillary adenocarcinoma, facilitating prognostic stratification of papillary adenocarcinoma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100814"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000261/pdfft?md5=35ae997d2b2534a82c44ea8bb7694380&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000261-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140650023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of sentinel lymph node biopsy and bilateral pelvic nodal dissection using methylene blue dye in early-stage operable cervical cancer—A prospective study","authors":"Vijaya Lakshmi Vemula Venkata ,&nbsp;Narendra Hulikal ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Chowhan","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the effectiveness of methylene blue dye in detecting sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in women with early-stage operable (defined as FIGO I-IIA) cervical cancer. It also aims to evaluate procedural challenges and accuracy.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This prospective study, which focused on 20 women with early-stage cervical cancer, was carried out between June 2016 and December 2017. These patients had SLN mapping with methylene blue dye injections and thorough examinations, including imaging. All patients underwent radical hysterectomy and complete bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. No additional investigation was done on the lymph node in cases where a metastasis was found in the first H&amp;E-stained segment of the sentinel node.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>20 patients were included in the analysis. The median age of the subjects was 53, and 95 % of them had squamous cell carcinoma. 90 % of the time, the identification of SLNs was effective, and 55 SLNs were found, of which 52.7 % were on the right side of the pelvis and 47.3 % on the left. The obturator group had the most nodes, followed by the external and internal iliac groups in descending order of occurrence. Metastasis was detected in 3 patients, resulting in a sensitivity of 100 % and a specificity of 93.75 % for SLN biopsy. Notably, no false-negative SLNs were found. Complications related to methylene blue usage included urine discoloration in 30 % of patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This trial highlights the promising efficacy and safety of methylene blue dye alone for SLN identification in early-stage operable cervical cancer, with a notably higher success rate. Despite limitations like a small sample size, healthcare professionals and researchers can build upon the insights from this study to enhance cervical cancer management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100816"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000285/pdfft?md5=32abd5744810eab1d50c7068a59119c2&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000285-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140843932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warfarin intake in relation to diagnosis reduces mortality in patients with colorectal cancer – a register-based study","authors":"Anders S. Eriksson ,&nbsp;Henry Eriksson ,&nbsp;Per-Olof Hansson ,&nbsp;Kurt Svärdsudd","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Several studies have analyzed the effect of anticoagulants on cancer survival, with varying results. This study aimed to assess the effect of warfarin on survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in relation to timing of warfarin initiation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data on 10,051 individuals aged ≥45 years in the Västra Götaland Region of Sweden, and diagnosed with CRC between 2000 and 2009, were obtained from the Swedish National Cancer Register. Those who received warfarin treatment (<em>n</em>= 1,216) during the study period were labeled cases and those who did not (<em>n</em>= 8,873) were labeled controls. For statistical analysis, National Cancer Register data were merged with mortality data from the Swedish National Cause of Death register and data from the regional warfarin treatment register.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Hazard rates for CRC-specific mortality were lower in cases than in controls. When warfarin was used for any reason at any time, cases had a significantly lower CRC-specific mortality than controls among both women (hazard ratio [HR] 0.71; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.59–0.85; <em>p</em>= 0.0002) and men (HR 0.61; 95 % CI 0.52–0.72; <em>p</em> &lt; 0001). Warfarin treatment after CRC diagnosis reduced CRC-specific mortality by 80 %; however, when warfarin was given before or ≥5 years after diagnosis, CRC-specific mortality did not significantly decrease. The number needed to treat to avoid one death was four.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Use of warfarin early after diagnosis in patients with CRC was associated with improved survival.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100820"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000327/pdfft?md5=dcb36b9fef1eb26c354c6a7eed173534&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000327-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a c-MET x CD137 bispecific antibody for targeted immune agonism in cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Hong Zhang ,&nbsp;Qun Wang ,&nbsp;Sireesha Yalavarthi ,&nbsp;Lukas Pekar ,&nbsp;Steven Shamnoski ,&nbsp;Liufang Hu ,&nbsp;Laura Helming ,&nbsp;Stefan Zielonka ,&nbsp;Chunxiao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 has shown promise as a therapeutic approach for cancer immunotherapy, resulting in anti-tumor efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials. However, the initial CD137 agonistic antibodies, urelumab and utomilumab, faced challenges in clinical trials due to the liver toxicity or lack of efficacy, respectively. Concurrently, c-MET has been identified as a highly expressed tumor-associated antigen (TAA) in various solid and soft tumors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, we aimed to develop a bispecific antibody (BsAb) that targets both c-MET and CD137, optimizing the BsAb format and CD137 binder for efficient delivery of the CD137 agonist to the tumor microenvironment (TME). We employed a monovalent c-MET motif and a trimeric CD137 Variable Heavy domain of Heavy chain (VHH) for the BsAb design.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results demonstrate that the c-MET x CD137 BsAb provides co-stimulation to T cells through cross-linking by c-MET-expressing tumor cells. Functional immune assays confirmed the enhanced efficacy and potency of the c-MET x CD137 BsAb, as indicated by activation of CD137 signaling, target cell killing, and cytokine release in various tumor cell lines. Furthermore, the combination of c-MET x CD137 BsAb with Pembrolizumab showed a dose-dependent enhancement of target-induced T cell cytokine release.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Overall, the c-MET x CD137 BsAb exhibits a promising developability profile as a tumor-targeted immune agonist by minimizing off-target effects while effectively delivering immune agonism. It has the potential to overcome resistance to anti-PD-(L)1 therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100805"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000170/pdfft?md5=596c44fe3b0550f1678bc63b21ca8a9e&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000170-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140134530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) clone 22C3 expression in resected colorectal cancer as companion diagnostics for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: A comparison study and inter-rater agreement evaluation across proposed cut-offs and predictive (TPS, CPS and IC) scores","authors":"Dordi Lea ,&nbsp;Claudia Zaharia ,&nbsp;Kjetil Søreide","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) guides the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in several cancers. In colorectal cancer (CRC), ICI are only approved for metastatic CRC, while several studies suggest high efficacy even in operable CRC. The aim of this study was to investigate the inter-rater agreement of PD-L1 as a companion diagnostic marker.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Specimens from resected stage I-III CRC (<em>n</em> = 166 tumors) were stained with PD-L1 22C3 clone. PD-L1 expression was scored by two pathologists as tumor proportion score (TPS), combined positive score (CPS) and immune cell score (IC). Inter-rater agreement was tested using three different agreement coefficients.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Raw scores of the two pathologists had ‘good’ to ‘excellent’ correlation. Spearman's rho for TPS=0.917 (95 %CI 0.839–0.995), for CPS=0.776 (95 %CI 0.726–0.826) and IC=0.818 (95 %CI 0.761–0.875). For TPS, kappa (κ)-agreements for both the ≥1 % and ≥10 % cutoffs had excellent correlation. For CPS the ≥1 % and ≥10 % cutoffs demonstrated κ=0.32 (95 %CI 0.12–0.51) and κ=0.36 (95 %CI 0.25–0.48) respectively. Cutoffs for IC showed κ=0.53 (95 %CI 0.18–0.79) for the ≥1 % cutoff, and κ=0.61 (95 %CI 0.48–0.73) for the ≥10 % cutoff. Gwet's agreement coefficient (AC₁) showed higher agreement coefficients than κ-values for most, but not all cut-offs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Agreement for PD-L1 was good to excellent for raw scores. Agreement variation across several criteria and cut-offs suggests the need for more robust criteria for PD-L1 as a companion diagnostic marker.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100788"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294223001107/pdfft?md5=593655e3a8465d86b040cf837d710a6c&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294223001107-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139015329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porcine-human glioma xenograft model. Immunosuppression and model reproducibility","authors":"P.Jack Hoopes ,&nbsp;Armin D. Tavakkoli ,&nbsp;Karen A. Moodie ,&nbsp;Kirk J. Maurer ,&nbsp;Kenneth R. Meehan ,&nbsp;Diana J. Wallin ,&nbsp;Ethan Aulwes ,&nbsp;Kayla E.A. Duval ,&nbsp;Kristen L. Chen ,&nbsp;Margaret A.Crary -Burney ,&nbsp;Chen Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyao Fan ,&nbsp;Linton T. Evans ,&nbsp;Keith D. Paulsen","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant and treatment-resistant human brain tumor. Rodent models have played an important role in understanding brain cancer biology and treatment. However, due to their small cranium and tumor volume mismatch, relative to human disease, they have been less useful for translational studies. Therefore, development of a consistent and simple large animal glioma xenograft model would have significant translational benefits.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Immunosuppression was induced in twelve standard Yucatan minipigs. 3 pigs received cyclosporine only, while 9 pigs received a combined regimen including cyclosporine (55 mg/kg q12 h), prednisone (25 mg, q24 h) and mycophenolate (500 mg q24 h). U87 cells (2 × 10⁶) were stereotactically implanted into the left frontal cortex. The implanted brains were imaged by MRI for monitoring. In a separate study, tumors were grown in 5 additional pigs using the combined regimen, and pigs underwent tumor resection with intra-operative image updating to determine if the xenograft model could accurately capture the spatial tumor resection challenges seen in humans.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Tumors were successfully implanted and grown in 11 pigs. One animal in cyclosporine only group failed to show clinical tumor growth. Clinical tumor growth, assessed by MRI, progressed slowly over the first 10 days, then rapidly over the next 10 days. The average tumor growth latency period was 20 days. Animals were monitored twice daily and detailed records were kept throughout the experimental period. Pigs were sacrificed humanely when the tumor reached 1 - 2 cm. Some pigs experienced decreased appetite and activity, however none required premature euthanasia. In the image updating study, all five pigs demonstrated brain shift after craniotomy, consistent with what is observed in humans. Intraoperative image updating was able to accurately capture and correct for this shift in all five pigs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This report demonstrates the development and use of a human intracranial glioma model in an immunosuppressed, but nongenetically modified pig. While the immunosuppression of the model may limit its utility in certain studies, the model does overcome several limitations of small animal or genetically modified models. For instance, we demonstrate use of this model for guiding surgical resection with intraoperative image-updating technologies. We further report use of a surrogate extracranial tumor that indicates growth of the intracranial tumor, allowing for relative growth assessment without radiological imaging.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100789"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000017/pdfft?md5=df2ee3f756683a1748cb62c71a7c45ce&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000017-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139541924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding the PSA-based screening stopping age using prostate cancer risk","authors":"Azin Nahvijou ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hadian ,&nbsp;Naser Mohamadkhani","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Prostate Cancer screening was not rational for people who were suffered from other serious diseases and had a low quality of life. Biopsy and Prostate-Specific Antigen based screening also had imperfect information, pain, and costs. Finding the Prostate Cancer screening stopping age was important because after an age, Prostate-Specific Antigen test was not recommended and patients should not perform subsequent procedures. It could reduce the economic burden of Prostate Cancer. In this study, we modeled the effects of Prostate Cancer risk and comorbidities on the Prostate Cancer screening stopping age.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>first, using a Markov model for PC progression, we provided a model for optimal Prostate Cancer screening stopping age. Second, we explored the relationship between comorbidities effects, Prostate Cancer risk and the stopping age.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results suggest that the stopping age was an increasing function of PC risk and comorbidities effects. Screening should be stopped before 70 years. Finding showed that for men with diseases such as stroke or heart diseases, screening should not be performed at any age.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Personalizing PC screening through paying more attention to PC risk can improve efficiency of screening. The role of personal characteristics such as race, family history, and previous PSA in PC screening decision-making was highlighted by stratifying men in different PC risk groups to find their stopping age. Incorporating comorbidity effects shows that severity of comorbidity was a crucial factor in PC screening stopping age decision-making process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100791"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000030/pdfft?md5=56341976e6a2415345e2af1a72f52e23&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000030-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139545815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Very first real-world data on zongertinib use in non-small cell lung cancer patients with HER2 mutations: A brief report","authors":"Oliver Illini ,&nbsp;Anna Sophie Lang-Stöberl ,&nbsp;Hannah Fabikan ,&nbsp;Christoph Weinlinger ,&nbsp;Arschang Valipour ,&nbsp;Maximilian J. Hochmair","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Treatment options for HER2-mutant patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are limited. New agents, including zongertinib, a HER2-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), are being investigated in clinical trials. However, published clinical data on the efficacy and safety of zongertinib are limited to data from a single phase I trial including only 36 patients with NSCLC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We report real-world data on six consecutive patients with HER2-mutant NSCLC who received zongertinib through a named patient use program between December 2023 and June 2024. Radiological response evaluation and blood testing were routinely performed every two to three months, and adverse events were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All patients were diagnosed with a metastatic adenocarcinoma, had previously progressed on at least one line of chemotherapy and had been previously treated with trastuzumab-deruxtecan (two had to stop treatment because of pneumonitis). Three patients (50%) presented with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of ≥2. A clinical and radiological benefit was achieved in all patients (complete response (1), partial response (4), and stable disease (1)). In one patient with brain metastases, a complete response was achieved. Treatment with zongertinib is ongoing in all patients. Adverse events were reported in one patient (elevated blood pressure (grade 1).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Zongertinib may be an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for HER2-mutant NSCLC patients even if they are heavily pretreated, have a reduced performance status or have a history of pneumonitis and brain metastases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100875"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of treatment strategies for patients with stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer in the immunotherapy era","authors":"Amy Alabaster ,&nbsp;Jeffrey B. Velotta ,&nbsp;Haley I. Tupper ,&nbsp;Mark S. Walker ,&nbsp;Yanina Natanzon","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Optimal treatment for patients with stage IIIA NSCLC is controversial. Growing evidence indicates surgery with adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (SC) may be superior to non-surgical treatments. Direct comparisons have not been performed between SC and chemoradiation with immunotherapy (CRI) among patients diagnosed with stage IIIA NSCLC since consolidation immunotherapy was added to treatment guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study compared surgical and systemic non-surgical treatments (except targeted therapy) among adults diagnosed with stage IIIA NSCLC 2017–2021. Data was from ConcertAI's curated EHR Patient360™ NSCLC real-world care product. Real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) and overall survival (rwOS) were evaluated among patients treated with SC or CRI using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard methods. Baseline differences were balanced using propensity score-derived inverse probability treatment weights (IPTW).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 1718 eligible, the two main comparator groups (SC and CRI) had 431 (25%) and 576 (34%) patients; 711 patients received chemoradiation or monotherapy. A wide range of treatment strategies was observed across included oncology clinics (e.g., 0–67% clinic patients received surgery). IPTW-adjusted analyses showed reduced hazards in the SC group vs. CRI for rwPFS (HR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.63–0.97) and rwOS (HR 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49–0.82). SC was similarly beneficial for patients across nodal status groups and appeared especially beneficial for patients with resectable squamous-cell tumors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Stage IIIA NSCLC treatment is highly variable. Real-world studies can provide valuable evidence to support surgery as a treatment option for stage IIIA patients, who currently may only be offered chemoradiation with or without immunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100852"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"0,1,2,3D nanostructures, types of bulk nanostructured materials, and drug nanocrystals: An overview","authors":"Ali Assim Adul-Rasool ,&nbsp;Duaa Mohammed Athair ,&nbsp;Haider Kamil Zaidan ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mahdi Rheima ,&nbsp;Zainab T. Al-Sharify ,&nbsp;Srwa Hashim Mohammed ,&nbsp;Ehsan kianfar","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Functional materials are required to meet the needs of society, such as environmental protection, energy storage and conversion, integrated product production, biological and medical processing. bulk nanostructured materials are a research concept that combines nanotechnology with other research fields such as supramolecular chemistry, materials science, and life science to develop logically functional materials from nanodevices. In this review article, nanostructures are synthetized by different methods based on the types and nature of the nanomaterials. In a broad sense “top-down” and “bottom-up” are the two foremost methods to synthesize nanomaterials. In top-down method bulk materials have been reduced to nanomaterials, and in case of bottom-up method, the nanomaterials are synthesized from elementary level. The different methods which are being used to synthesize nanomaterials are chemical vapor deposition method, thermal decomposition, hydrothermal synthesis, solvothermal method, pulsed laser ablation, templating method, combustion method, microwave synthesis, gas phase method, and conventional Sol-Gel method. We also briefly discuss the various physical and chemical methods for producing nanomaterials. We then discuss the applications of functional materials in many areas such as energy storage, supercapacitors, sensors, wastewater treatment, and other biological applications such as drug delivery and drug nanocrystals. Finally, future challenges in materials nanoarchitecture and concepts for further development of functional nanomaterials are briefly discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100834"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000467/pdfft?md5=11096fb4098ea7299d29e03e0825d1d5&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000467-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141622992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}