Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"WGCNA and integrative network analysis identify CHRNA5 and CTLA4 as potential therapeutic targets against angiosarcoma","authors":"Trishla Bhatnagar ,&nbsp;Madiha Haider ,&nbsp;Mohd Yasir Khan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Zahid Ashraf","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Angiosarcomas are a type of soft-tissue sarcoma characterized by aggressive malignant tumors originating from endothelial cells of blood vessels or lymphatic vessels. Limited studies have been done to explore the molecular pathophysiology of the disease, with rather limited studies involving transcriptomic analyzes. This study was undertaken to identify the shared molecular signatures and gene modules associated with angiosarcomas of various origin. Transcriptomic data analysis of publicly available data was done followed by WGCNA to identify shared signature gene modules. The Maximal Clique Centrality algorithm was applied to gene modules, and unclustered network analysis was conducted on differentially expressed genes to identify true hub genes. The expression of candidate genes in various cancer types was analyzed using GEPIA. WGCNA analysis identified five significant modules, with the most enriched module being associated with angiogenesis and cell junction regulators. The intersection of true hub genes from MCC analysis of WGCNA modules and high-degree nodes from an unclustered network revealed eight consistently overexpressed genes in all angiosarcoma samples.Among the eight enriched genes, CHRNA5 and CTLA4, are exclusively overexpressed in angiosarcoma and not in other cancers of the same tissue origin, with significant drug-protein interactions suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100862"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Evaluating Current Diagnostic and Treatment Challenges in Colorectal Cancer: Strategies for improving care and outcomes in Georgia\"","authors":"Saba Kopadze ,&nbsp;Ivane Kiladze","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>An initial analysis of population-based cancer survival data from Georgia revealed lower CRC survival rates compared to high-income countries. We conducted the study to address this issue and propose strategies for enhancing CRC care.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and Methods</h3><div>We analyzed CRC statistics, reviewed screening programs, and examined published CRC research in Georgia. Finally, we surveyed 16 oncologists from major institutions all over the country to assess molecular testing, treatment standards, and access to modern medications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Despite CRC screening being available in Georgia, late diagnoses persist, with over a 1/3 of cases presenting with acute intestinal obstruction. As a result, 65 % of CRC patients are diagnosed at locally advanced or metastatic stages. All 16 oncologists reported limited molecular testing due to costs, with 13 not routinely performing MSI/MMR and NRAS/KRAS/BRAF testing. Consequently, only 15 % of patients receive anti-EGFR therapy. Oxaliplatin-based therapy is almost universally used for metastatic CRC as the first-line treatment. No CRC clinical trials have been conducted in Georgia over the past three years. Treatment for locally advanced rectalcancer typically includes chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery, with notable variation in multidisciplinary team meeting practices.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Study provides several practical recommendations: it is crucial to promote CRC screening programs, enhance access to modern treatment options, and standardize national diagnostic/treatment protocols. There is an urgent need for more clinical trials to increase access to modern therapeutics, as well as to strengthen MDT meetings. These measures are expected to improve CRC care with a further reduction in CRC mortality rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100866"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The real-world insights on the use, safety, and outcome of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in underrepresented populations with lung cancer","authors":"Xiao Hu ,&nbsp;Jeffrey H. Lin ,&nbsp;Stacey Pan ,&nbsp;Yana V. Salei ,&nbsp;Susan K. Parsons","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The data on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) use in lung cancer individuals generally underrepresented in clinical trials are limited. We aimed to examine the ICI access, safety, and outcome in these populations using real-world data.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients with lung cancer newly started on ICIs from 2018 to 2021 were included. Patient factors (age, sex, race, insurance, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, histories of autoimmune disease (AD), infection within 3 months before treatment, and brain metastasis) were collected and grouped. Associations of each patient factor with the time-to-treatment initiation (TTI) of ICIs and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were examined via cumulative incidence analyses and Chi-squared tests, respectively. Log-rank tests and Cox models were used to assess association of patient factors with overall survival (OS).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 125 patients (median age:70 years (50–88), 68 (54.4 %) males), 9 (7.2 %) had Medicaid/uninsured, 44 (35.2 %) had ECOG ≥ 2, 101 (80.8 %) had CCI ≥ 3, 16 (12.8 %) had ADs, 14 (11.2 %) had infections, and 26 (20.8 %) had brain metastases. In newly diagnosed stage IV patients (<em>N</em> = 62), no difference in TTI was found by patient factors. Fifty irAEs occurred within 12 months and no differences in irAEs occurrence by patient factors. In advanced-stage group (<em>N</em> = 123), OS did not differ by patient factors, except for race (<em>p</em> = 0.045). Whites showed an inferior OS than non-Whites in multivariable regression. (Hazards ratio = 2.82 [1.01–7.87], <em>p</em> = 0.047).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Previously poorly represented subgroups were shown to have no significant delays in ICI use, general tolerance, and comparable outcomes. This adds practical evidence to ICI use in clinically and/or socio-demographically marginalized populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100833"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000455/pdfft?md5=d6e48f89684fa10847abbc2cc41ad10b&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000455-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141622993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of subsequent treatment for unresectable locally-advanced non-small cell lung cancer after relapse of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with durvalumab consolidation therapy: A single-center retrospective study","authors":"Yuichiro Nishibori ,&nbsp;Hirotsugu Kenmotsu ,&nbsp;Kenju Ando ,&nbsp;Ayumi Tonsho ,&nbsp;Suguru Matsuda ,&nbsp;Meiko Morita ,&nbsp;Motoki Sekikawa ,&nbsp;Kosei Doshita ,&nbsp;Noboru Morikawa ,&nbsp;Keita Miura ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Kodama ,&nbsp;Michitoshi Yabe ,&nbsp;Yuko Iida ,&nbsp;Nobuaki Mamesaya ,&nbsp;Haruki Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Ryo Ko ,&nbsp;Kazushige Wakuda ,&nbsp;Akira Ono ,&nbsp;Tateaki Naito ,&nbsp;Haruyasu Murakami ,&nbsp;Toshiaki Takahashi","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The current standard treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) is concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) followed by durvalumab consolidation therapy. Although the trial revealed the survival benefit of adding an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) to the population, the optimal treatment strategy and efficacy of subsequent treatment after relapse remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We retrospectively collected data from patients with unresectable LA-NSCLC who completed platinum-based CCRT as first-line treatment. Patients who received molecular-targeted therapy for driver gene alterations or did not receive durvalumab as consolidation therapy following the approval were excluded. We assessed differences in regimen and efficacy of subsequent treatment in patients who underwent durvalumab consolidation therapy (D group) and those who did not (CR group).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 62 eligible patients, 32 were assigned to the D group and 30 to the CR group. Patients in the CR group were more frequently treated with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-containing regimen than those in the D group (57 % vs. 13 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The median overall survival from initiation of subsequent treatment was shorter in the D group than in the CR group (13.0 months vs. 26.7 months, hazard ratio 2.60; 95 % confidence interval: 1.28–2.56, <em>p</em> = 0.008).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with unresectable LA-NSCLC who relapsed after durvalumab consolidation therapy received an ICI-containing regimen less frequently, and the efficacy of the subsequent treatment was limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the role of MSH2 and MSH6 gene expression deficiency in prostate cancer progression, a cross-sectional study","authors":"Fatemeh Sharbati,&nbsp;Hedieh Moradi Tabriz,&nbsp;Elham Nazar","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Recently, some evidence emphasized the value of MSH2 and MSH6 inactivation and their hypermutation in predicting different cancers. The present consideration is to evaluate the value of MSH2 and MSH6 protein deficient studied by the immunohistochemistry (IHC) method and the tumor behaviors and aggressiveness in prostatic carcinoma.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study was performed on 80 examples extricated from patients who endured prostate cancer and were planned for radical prostatectomy surgery. The expression levels of the genes were studied by IHC staining.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The deficiency in MSH2 and MSH6 expression was revealed in 10.0 % and 11.3 % of patients respectively, while the reduction of simultaneous expression in two genes was found in 6.2 % of patients. In the two subgroups with and without MSH2 and/or MSH6 staining, there was no difference in patients' mean age and history of prostate cancer. There was also no difference in tumor-related behaviors including combined Gleason grade group, tumor stage, vascular invasion, perineural invasion, and prostatic capsular invasion between the groups with and without gene loss.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The evaluation of the deficient rate of two genes among patients with prostate cancer to predict the tumor grade and its aggressive behavior needs further study in every population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000388/pdfft?md5=fed1219763129e48f95540243616817c&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000388-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141316796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate cancer knowledge and barriers to screening among men at risk in northern Tanzania: A community-based study","authors":"Bartholomeo Nicholaus Ngowi ,&nbsp;Alex Mremi ,&nbsp;Orgeness Jasper Mbwambo ,&nbsp;Modesta Paschal Mitao ,&nbsp;Mramba Nyindo ,&nbsp;Kien Alfred Mteta ,&nbsp;Blandina Theophil Mmbaga","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although prostate cancer (Pca) screening plays important role in early diagnosis and reduction of mortality, Tanzanian men are relatively unscreened. We aimed to investigate Pca knowledge level and barriers to screening among at-risk men in northern Tanzania.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This community-based survey was conducted in northern Tanzania from May to September 2022, involving men age ≥40 years. Participants were invited by announcing in local churches, mosques, brochures, and social media groups. Participants attended a nearby health facility where survey questionnaires were administered. Knowledge level was measured on the Likert scale and scored as poor (&lt;50 %) or good (≥50 %).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 6205 men with a mean age of 60.23 ± 10.98 years were enrolled in the study. Of these, 586 (9.5 %) had ever been screened for Pca. Overall, 1263 men (20.4 %) had good knowledge of Pca. Having health insurance, knowing at least 1 risk factor or symptoms of Pca, and hospital as the source of Pca information were significantly associated with ever being screened. The most common reasons for not being screened were a belief that they are healthy (<em>n</em> = 2983; 53.1 %), that Pca is not a serious disease (<em>n</em> = 3908; 69.6 %), and that digital rectal examination (DRE) as an embarrassing (<em>n</em> = 3634; 64.7 %) or harmful (<em>n</em> = 3047; 54.3 %) procedure.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Having Pca knowledge, health insurance and hospital source of information were correlated with increased screening. False beliefs about DRE and the seriousness of Pca had negative effects on screening. Increasing community knowledge and universal health coverage would improve uptake of Pca screening.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100811"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000236/pdfft?md5=278085955eb28f5b88051eb990ce9c00&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000236-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140341213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of safety and tolerability of subcutaneous trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer: Results of an open-label, randomized, multicenter, phase IIIB ESCAPE trial","authors":"Dilyara Kaidarova ,&nbsp;Edvard Zhavrid ,&nbsp;Oxana Shatkovskaya ,&nbsp;Aliaksandr Prokharau ,&nbsp;Nina Akhmed ,&nbsp;Dauren Sembayev ,&nbsp;Zhanna Rutzhanova ,&nbsp;Alexandr Ivankov","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To assess the safety and tolerability of subcutaneous (SC) trastuzumab (Herceptin) administered either with a single-use injection device (SID) or manually from a vial using a hand-held syringe.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The ESCAPE trial (NCT02194166) included 90 women aged 18 years or older with HER2-positive early breast cancer who underwent surgical treatment and completed (neo) adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy (if indicated). Patients enrolled in the study were first subjected to 4 cycles of trastuzumab IV (8 mg/kg loading dose followed by 6 mg/kg maintenance dose, q3w) prior to being randomized into groups: [A] SC trastuzumab (fixed dose 600 mg, q3w) administered through a hand-held syringe followed by 7 cycles of SC trastuzumab administered with an SID or [B] the reverse sequence.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Patient-reported outcomes revealed that 78 (94.0 % [95 % CI: 90.4–99.0]) out of 83 patients preferred SC trastuzumab over IV trastuzumab, among whom 28 patients indicated a strong preference. Sixteen out of 17 HCPs (94.1 %) were very satisfied with the use of SC trastuzumab, while 1/17 (5.9 %) remained uncertain. The mean time spent for IV vs. SC trastuzumab administration, including pre- and postinjection procedures, was 93.8 and 22 min, respectively. A total of 49 (54.4 %) patients reported 164 AEs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In this trial, SC trastuzumab was preferred over IV trastuzumab. The duration of SC trastuzumab administration was significantly shorter than that of IV trastuzumab, saving patients and HCPs time. Safety and efficacy results were consistent with other published trials and were not associated with any new safety signal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100817"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000297/pdfft?md5=082e01b0512576154bebb1218d234e96&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000297-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140909796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ctDNA-based minimal residual disease detection in lung cancer patients treated with curative intended chemoradiotherapy using a clinically transferable approach","authors":"Lærke Rosenlund Nielsen ,&nbsp;Simone Stensgaard ,&nbsp;Peter Meldgaard ,&nbsp;Boe Sandahl Sorensen","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Reliable biomarkers are needed to identify tumor recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with curative intent. This could improve consolidation therapy of progressing patients. However, the approach of existing studies has limited transferability to the clinic.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A retrospective analysis of 135 plasma samples from 56 inoperable NSCLC patients who received CRT with curative intent was performed. Plasma samples collected at baseline, at the first check-up (average 1.6 months post-RT), and at the second check-up (average 4.5 months post-RT) were analyzed by deep sequencing with a commercially available cancer personalized profiling strategy (CAPP-Seq) using a tumor-agnostic approach.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) at 4.5 months after therapy was significantly associated with higher odds of tumor recurrence (OR: 5.4 (CI: 1.1–31), Fisher's exact test: <em>p</em>-value = 0.022), and shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR: 4.1 (CI: 1.7–10); log-rank test: <em>p</em>-value = 9e-04). In contrast, detection of ctDNA at 1.6 months after therapy was not associated with higher odds of tumor recurrence (OR: 2.7 (CI: 0.67–12), Fisher's exact test: <em>p</em>-value = 0.13) or shorter RFS (HR: 1.5 (CI: 0.67–3.3); log-rank test: <em>p</em>-value = 0.32).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrates that the detection of ctDNA can be used to identify minimal residual disease 4.5 months after CRT in NSCLC patients using a commercially available kit and a tumor-agnostic approach. Furthermore, the time point of collecting the plasma sample after CRT has decisive importance for the prognostic value of ctDNA.</p></div><div><h3>Micro abstract</h3><p>This study analysed 135 plasma samples from 56 NSCLC patients treated with curative intent chemoradiotherapy using a tumor-agnostic approach. Detecting ctDNA at 4.5 months post-treatment was linked to higher recurrence odds, indicating ctDNA's potential as a biomarker for identifying residual disease after treatment with curative intent. Importantly, the study emphasizes the importance of timing for accurate ctDNA analysis results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100802"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000145/pdfft?md5=47b4ed51e233a53acd993e7bdb48e2c2&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000145-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139999323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of dietary sugars in cancer risk: A comprehensive review of current evidence","authors":"Nazmul Hasan ,&nbsp;Omid Yazdanpanah ,&nbsp;Barbod Khaleghi ,&nbsp;David J. Benjamin ,&nbsp;Arash Rezazadeh Kalebasty","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Goal of the review</h3><div>The objective of this review is to conduct a thorough examination of the current evidence regarding the correlation between dietary sugar intake and cancer risk. This will encompass the biological mechanisms, the diverse effects of various sugar types, and the potential implications for cancer treatment and dietary recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Nutritional and epidemiological studies now focus much on the relationship between sugar intake and cancer. The data is still conflicting even if some studies imply that excessive sugar intake can help cancer develop by means of insulin resistance and chronic inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Through processes such as insulin resistance, inflammation, and angiogenesis, dietary sugars can impact carcinogenesis. Fructose increases angiogenesis by VEGF overexpression while glucose stimulates cancer cell growth by the Warburg effect. Contradicting data on the contribution of sugar to cancer emphasizes the need of consistent research techniques to simplify these dynamics. Reducing added sugar consumption in cancer prevention and management is especially crucial given that sugar affects immune function and treatment resistance, which could lead to new therapeutic targets.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High sugar intake is linked to mechanisms such as the Warburg effect, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation, which may contribute to cancer risk under specific conditions. However, the evidence is not universally conclusive, and additional large-scale, long-term research are required to better understand these processes. To help in cancer prevention and management, public health guidelines should emphasize reducing added sugar consumption and promoting a balanced diet rich in natural foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100876"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143223196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the association between the CASP8rs1045485 and SOD2 rs4880 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with breast cancer","authors":"Seyedeh Rojin Shikholeslami,&nbsp;Fatemeh Keshavarzi","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified as prognostic markers that can influence the response to chemotherapy and, ultimately, the outcome of the disease. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between the rs1045485 and rs4880 variants and breast cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Ninety-nine cases and 81 healthy individuals (over 60 years old) were recruited from Iranian population. Genotyping of the rs1045485 and rs4880 polymorphisms was determined using the PCR-RFLP molecular method. The obtained results were then evaluated using the SPSS 23.0, odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (95 %CIs).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average age of the subjects was 50.17± 1.8 years, with age ranging from 40 to 76 years. Additionally, more patients were in stage and grade 2 of the disease. Furthermore, 51.73 %, 53.24 % and 41.48 % of patients tested positive for ER, PR and HER2 status, respectively. The odds ratios of the genotypes studied for each of the two variants were not statistically significant. Additionally, all models (dominant, codominant, recessive and over dominant) also indicated that this difference was not significant (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). Investigation of the association between the <em>CASP8</em>rs1045485 and <em>SOD2</em> rs4880 variants with clinicopathological status were not revealed a significant relationship. The Hardy-Weinberg test showed that the evaluated population was balanced (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In the studied models of both polymorphisms, no significant correlation was found between the genotypes and the conditions of estrogen, progesterone and Her2 receptors, as well as the stage and grade of the disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100835"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000479/pdfft?md5=28204bba0ca17932a994555216733672&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000479-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141703525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}