Bulletin of the World Health Organization最新文献

{"title":"Trends in coverage following an equity-oriented strategy for introducing new vaccines, Peru, 2004-2022.","authors":"Larissa A N Silva, Francine S Costa, Bianca O Cata-Preta, Luis Huicho, Claudio F Lanata, Maria Ana Mendoza Araujo, Theresa J Ochoa, Tewodaj Mengistu, Dan Hogan, Aluisio J D Barros, Cesar G Victora","doi":"10.2471/BLT.24.292434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.24.292434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the outcome of Peru's strategy to introduce new vaccines in the poorest regions with high child mortality rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed data from nationally representative annual health surveys conducted between 2004 and 2022. We examined associations between vaccine coverage and poverty (proportion of households in the poorest 40% of the national wealth index) at the ecological level using the country's 25 regions and at the individual child level using household wealth quintiles. We obtained vaccination data from home-based records.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The surveys included 49 023 children aged 18-29 months. In the ecological analyses, coverage for <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> type b, pneumococcal conjugate and rotavirus vaccines was positively associated with poverty prevalence in the initial post-introduction period, but these associations disappeared over time. In contrast, the individual-level analyses indicated that children from wealthier families were consistently more likely to be vaccinated than children from poorer families. In the most recent period (2018-2022), vaccination coverage in the wealthiest quintile was about 10 percentage points higher than in the poorest quintile. Coverage levels for boys and girls were similar. Children whose low-income families were enrolled in the <i>Juntos</i> cash transfer programme had higher coverage than the rest of the population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The strategy increased coverage in the poorest districts initially and, as national coverage grew, regional disparities were eliminated. However, socioeconomic differences persisted, with wealthier children maintaining higher vaccination rates throughout the study. To eliminate these disparities, geographic targeting should be complemented with household-level targeting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"103 4","pages":"266-274"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling friendship.","authors":"","doi":"10.2471/BLT.25.020325","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.25.020325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Can a community-driven mental health initiative be integrated into a government health system without losing its essence? Gary Humphreys reports.</p>","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"103 3","pages":"182-183"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth-dose hepatitis B vaccine and bronchopulmonary dysplasia risks in preterm infants.","authors":"Matthew F Daley, Jason M Glanz","doi":"10.2471/BLT.24.293032","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.24.293032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"103 3","pages":"178-178A"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposal for a fourth indicator on vaccine uptake in the joint external evaluation tool.","authors":"Lawrence R Stanberry, Tariro Makadzange, Wilmot G James, Janan J Dietrich, Peter J Hotez, Shabir A Madhi, Susan L Rosenthal, Martin Veller, Natalia Pasternak Taschner, James W Le Duc, Youngmee Jee, Anthony L Cunningham, Margie Danchin, Julie Leask","doi":"10.2471/BLT.24.292086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.24.292086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"103 3","pages":"226-228"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salim and Quarraisha Abdool Karim: protecting young women, ending HIV.","authors":"","doi":"10.2471/BLT.25.030325","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.25.030325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salim 'Slim' and Quarraisha Abdool Karim talk to Gary Humphreys about their efforts to reduce the exposure of young women to infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the importance of perseverance, the opportunities presented by new long-lasting HIV therapies, and the need for unity in a challenging time.</p>","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"103 3","pages":"184-186"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth-dose hepatitis B vaccine and bronchopulmonary dysplasia risks in preterm infants.","authors":"Matthew F Daley, Jason M Glanz","doi":"10.2471/BLT.24.293032","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.24.293032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"103 3","pages":"178-178A"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public health round-up.","authors":"","doi":"10.2471/BLT.25.010325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.25.010325","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"103 3","pages":"180-181"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In this month's Bulletin.","authors":"","doi":"10.2471/BLT.25.000325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.25.000325","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"103 3","pages":"177"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B vaccination of preterm infants and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a cohort study, Australia.","authors":"Hannah J Morgan, Marcel F Nold, Gonzalo Sepulveda Kattan, Diana Vlasenko, Atul Malhotra, James H Boyd, Hazel J Clothier, Jim P Buttery","doi":"10.2471/BLT.24.291683","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.24.291683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination of extremely preterm infants (defined in our study as < 29 weeks gestation) within 24 hours of birth (birth-dose) increases the risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from Australia, we conducted a population data linkage study using the Victorian Vaccine Safety Health Link. This platform links state-wide immunization and health outcomes from the Victorian Perinatal Data Collection and the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset. Our retrospective cohort study included all extremely preterm infants born alive during 2017-2020 (excluding data outliers). We investigated the relationship between birth-dose HBV vaccination and bronchopulmonary dysplasia diagnosis at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. We identified possible confounders using a directed acyclic graph, and included these confounders in a robust Poisson regression model.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Of the 818 extremely preterm infants meeting our inclusion criteria, 306 received birth-dose HBV vaccination: 50.7% (155/306) of the vaccinated and 61.9% (317/512) of the unvaccinated infants developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia. After accounting for measured confounders, the adjusted relative risk was 0.83 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.68-1.00), suggesting no increased risk. However, residual confounding by indication may still be present as it is not known how clinician perception of the stability of the newborn affects the decision to vaccinate or not, potentially underestimating any association between vaccination and outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings support existing World Health Organization recommendations to immunize all infants against HBV within 24 hours of birth, including those born prematurely.</p>","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"103 3","pages":"187-193"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental impact of menstrual hygiene products.","authors":"Mandip Aujla, Carmen H Logie, Anita Hardon, Manjulaa Narasimhan","doi":"10.2471/BLT.24.291421","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.24.291421","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"103 3","pages":"223-225"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}