Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi最新文献

{"title":"Metal complexes of sulfamethazine/benzoin-based Schiff base ligand: synthesis, characterization, DFT calculations, and antimicrobial activities.","authors":"Kerem Buran","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2729","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The global rise in bacterial resistance poses a significant challenge, exacerbated by the overuse of antibacterial agents. Schiff base-metal complexes have gained attention for their potential antimicrobial properties, attributed to their unique three-dimensional structures and modes of action, such as cell wall inhibition and membrane disruption. The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize a novel Schiff base (L) derived from sulfamethazine and benzoin, and to develop metal complexes of it with Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Cd²⁺. This research sought to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the synthesized Schiff base and its metal complexes to explore their potential as effective antimicrobial agents.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The compound L and its metal complexes were synthesized. The compounds were characterized with ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, mass spectrometry, UV-vis spectroscopy, and FTIR. Antimicrobial activities were tested on <i>E. coli</i> ATCC 8739, <i>S. aureus</i> ATCC 6538, <i>P. aeruginosa</i> ATCC 9027, and <i>C. albicans</i> ATCC 10231. To investigate the molecular properties of compound L, density functional theory calculations were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The synthesized compounds (L, 1, 2, 3, 4) were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Copper-based compound 1 showed the best overall antifungal activity, while zinc-based compound 3 demonstrated notable antibacterial efficacy against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Although all compounds outperformed L in antifungal tests, none surpassed ciprofloxacin, the reference drug, in antibacterial assays. These results highlight the potential of Schiff base-metal complexes as promising antimicrobial agents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the potential of Schiff base-metal complexes as effective antimicrobial agents in response to the growing challenge of bacterial resistance. The synthesized Schiff base (L) and metal complexes of it with Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Cd²⁺ exhibited promising antibacterial and antifungal activities, with copper-based compound 1 showing the most potent antifungal action and zinc-based compound 3 demonstrating significant antibacterial efficacy against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Although none of the compounds outperformed ciprofloxacin in antibacterial assays, all were more effective than the parent Schiff base in antifungal tests. These findings suggest that Schiff base-metal complexes, particularly copper and zinc derivatives, hold considerable promise for developing new antimicrobial agents. Further optimization and testing could enhance their clinical application in combating resistant infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"118-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol modulates triosephosphate isomerase and mineralization in osteosarcoma cells: potential target for novel therapeutic strategies.","authors":"Gonca Tuna, Sibel Çinar Asa, Elif Ertürk, Yaren Yildiz, Ferda Ari","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2737","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Osteosarcoma, a primary malignant bone tumor, is challenging to treat due to its aggressive nature and limited therapies. Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenol, has potential anticancer properties. Hence, we investigated RES's impact on osteosarcoma cells, focusing on triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) and related mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>RES was applied to osteosarcoma (SaOS-2) and healthy fetal osteoblast (hFOB 1.19) cells for 48 h, and cell viability was measured by SRB assay. The mode of cell death was examined using Hoechst 33342/annexin V/propidium iodide. TPI and methylglyoxal (MG) enzyme levels were determined by ELISA. The effect of RES on the mineralization mechanism was investigated using the Alizarin Red-S method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Viability assays showed that RES significantly reduced SaOS-2 cell viability, while sparing hFOB 1.19 cells. RES treatment decreased TPI levels in SaOS-2 cells and induced MG accumulation, correlating with reduced TPI. RES also triggered apoptosis and reduced mineralization in osteosarcoma cells, affecting osteogenic differentiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RES shows potential as a therapeutic agent targeting the glycolytic metabolism and apoptotic pathways in osteosarcoma cells and warrants further investigation for osteosarcoma treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 2","pages":"198-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced formulation and comprehensive analysis of novel natural ointments with grape seed and pomegranate peel infused in olive oil.","authors":"Mebarka Imane Benguechoua, Madjda Benguechoua, Khedidja Benarous, Alaeddine Kaouka, Mohamed Yousfi","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2721","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The global shift toward sustainable and organic alternatives in cosmetics and personal care has created a demand for innovative and environmentally conscious formulations. This study aimed to develop novel natural ointments using beeswax and grape seed (GS) and pomegranate peel (PP) extracts infused in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), and determine the physicochemical characteristics, microbiological properties, and antioxidant activity as a way to valorize organic waste toward its application in the cosmetic industry. The research aimed to promote sustainability and effectiveness in the cosmetic industry.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Microbial analysis was performed on the oils and ointments, followed by the extraction of active compounds using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The chemical profiles of the extracts were analyzed through thin-layer chromatography, while gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed for compound identification and quantification. In vitro assays were conducted to assess the antioxidant activity of the extracts. The physical properties of the formulated ointments (organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, water resistance, skin absorption, topical sensitivity, and stability) were evaluated for potential topical applications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DMSO extracts from the GSs and PP-infused EVOO exhibited significant antioxidant activity. The GC-MS analysis revealed an increase in oleic acid content, ranging from 61.46% in pure EVOO to 72.49% in the infused samples, enhancing their suitability for skin health. The ointments demonstrated favorable physical properties. Microbial analysis confirmed no detectable contamination, ensuring the safety of the formulations for topical use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The EVOO-based ointments enriched with GS and PP extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activity, stability, water resistance, and moisturizing properties. The use of phenolic compounds and natural ingredients like beeswax and olive oil underscores the potential of agricultural byproducts in creating sustainable, ecofriendly cosmetics, with promising applications in skincare and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"28-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. (Asteraceae).","authors":"Ahmet Beyatli","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2730","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Medicinal plants are considered an important source of novel antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents. The main goal of this study was to define the beneficial properties of various extracts obtained from <i>Xanthium strumarium</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Evaluations were conducted on the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts. High-performance liquid chromatography and diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) was used to determine the phenolic profiles of the extracts. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were used to evaluate the free radical scavenging properties of the <i>X. strumarium</i> extracts. The broth dilution method was used for antimicrobial activity assessments, the MTT assay was used for the evaluation of cytotoxicity in K562 and P3HR1 cells treated with the extracts, and western blotting was used for the determination of molecular pathways. DNA fragmentation was also conducted utilizing the diphenylamine assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the acetone extract were significantly higher than those of the methanol and ethanol extracts at 454.54 mg GAE/g and 78.94 mg catechin/g, respectively. The acetone extract had the highest amounts of flavonoids. All extracts exhibited noTable antioxidant activity. The acetone extract had lower minimum inhibitory concentrations than the other extracts against the studied bacterial and fungal strains. The extracts showed varying degrees of cytotoxicity in the studied cell lines and all such effects were dose-dependent and solvent-specific. Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values ranged between 180.12 and 410.23 μg/mL, with the lowest IC₅₀ value being obtained for the acetone extract. Treatments led to cytochrome c release and high expression of caspase-3 and caspase-8, which can be attributed to the involvement of mitochondria in the process of apoptosis. The DNA fragmentation percentage increased in both cell lines with all extracts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on these findings, <i>X. strumarium</i> demonstrates significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. Notably, the acetone extract exhibited the strongest activity across the tested parameters, highlighting its potential for further pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"127-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the composition of fatty acid, tocopherol, and sterol contents and antioxidant capacity of oils from the seeds of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. growing in Algeria.","authors":"Samira Nia, Madjda Benguechoua, Toufik Hadj Mahammed, Khatir Reggagui, Mohamed Yousfi","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2726","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Vegetable oils are considered a vital source of energy when glucose cannot be utilized. Therefore, research on new sources of oil that demonstrate nutritional value is necessary. Okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i>), a member of the <i>Malvaceae</i> family, is a remarkable botanical specimen due to its various uses; its roots, stem, leaves, fruits, and seeds are all valued for their nutritional, therapeutic, and industrial value. This study aims to demonstrate okra's fatty acid (FA) composition, tocopherol content, and sterol content and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the oils extracted from okra using three solvents.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The initial part of this study involved oil extraction using the Soxhlet apparatus with various solvents, followed by the conversion of FAs into methyl esters for analysis via gas chromatography. The second part focused on quantifying tocopherols and sterols using the Emmerie-Engel and Liebermann-Burchard methods, respectively. In the final part, the antioxidant activity of okra oils was measured using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the findings, palmitic acid (28.43%-39.83%) was the primary saturated FA, whereas linoleic acid (19.58%-44.07%) and oleic acid (21.60%-23.59%) were the primary unsaturated FAs. Additionally, the results indicate that the oil extracts from okra seeds contain a substantial amount of tocopherols and a significant quantity of sterols. The results of the DPPH assay show that, while the antioxidant capacity is lower than that of vitamin E, it exceeds that of other vegetable oils.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our research findings have allowed us to classify this oil as an edible vegetable oil.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The therapeutic potential of <i>Salvia aegyptiaca</i> extracts in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer: insights into macroscopic, histopathological, and biochemical mechanisms.","authors":"Walid Mamache, Smain Amira, Fatima Benchikh, Hassiba Benabdallah, Amor Bencheikh, Hind Amira, Roumaissa Ounis, Mohammed Abdallah Torki, Chahrazed Kaoudoune","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2722","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study explores the antiulcer activity of different doses of <i>Salvia aegyptiaca</i> (SAE) methanol (ME) and decocted extracts (DE) on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Female Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g were divided into five groups: control, omeprazole (positive control), and extract-treated (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg). Ulcers were induced with absolute ethanol 30 min after treatment with the extracts. The experiment was followed by macroscopic and histopathological examination. In vitro tests were also conducted to assess lipid peroxidation, catalase activity, mucus content, glutathione, and protein levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that 100% ethanol caused significant damage, including colour and mucus loss, petechiae, haemorrhages, and oedema. However, pretreatment with ME SAE or DE SAE at doses of all three levels reduced the ethanol-induced damage. Histopathological analysis revealed reduced signs of haemorrhagic lesions, infiltration, and oedema in rats treated with ME SAE or DE SAE at doses of 100 or 200 mg/kg, whereas the 400 mg/kg dose provided complete protection. Comparable to the use of omeprazole, ingestion of DE SAE at doses of 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg demonstrated substantial protection against stomach ulcers produced by ethanol, with a range of 76%-84%. Both SAE extracts induced a dose-dependent increase in glutathione levels, with DE SAE showing a significant rise at 200 and 400 mg/kg.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SAE extracts demonstrated a significant decrease in gastric lipid peroxidation, outperforming the effect of omeprazole.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"40-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the optimal antioxidant strategy: a comparative analysis of extraction methods in <i>Cistus villosus</i> L. extracts revealed by LC-HRMS and computational modeling.","authors":"Hicham Bouakkaz, Ebru Erol, Khedidja Benarous, Gülaçtı Topçu, Reguia Mahfoudi, Amar Djeridane, Mohamed Yousfi","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2720","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong><i>Cistus villosus</i> L., a beloved tea herb, contains a treasure trove of potent antioxidants. Our research unveils this ancient ally's potential to shield against oxidative stress, a modern health threat.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Antioxidant assays were conducted to evaluate the potency of ethyl acetate extract. IC₅₀ values were determined for the extract in various antioxidant assays. Furthermore, molecular docking was employed for the examination of the 22 compounds analyzed through LC-HRMS. Additionally, ADMET and PASS investigations were conducted to evaluate their capability as antioxidants and inhibitors of oxidant formation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each identified compound boasts a history of antioxidant prowess, building the natural defense arsenal of <i>C. villous</i>. Antioxidant assays showed the potency of the ethyl acetate fraction with an IC₅₀ value of 5.30 mg/L in the DPPH• test, which is better than that of the studied standard, α-tocopherol (36.35 mg/L). The pharmacokinetic profiles demonstrated good properties for the identified compounds. The PASS study unveiled their potential as antioxidants, and molecular docking showed their effectiveness as inhibitors of oxidant formation in the human body by blocking the studied targets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This herb, a timeless testament to nature's bounty, stands poised to become a powerful weapon in our fight against oxidative stress, promising a future of natural well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progression of electrophysiological impairments in diabetic cardiomyopathy and intervention using <i>Enicostemma axillare</i>.","authors":"Victor Arokia Doss, Dharaniyambigai Kuberapandian","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2733","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Earlier studies widely reported advanced ventricular impairments only at the later stages of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). The present study aimed to understand the duration-based early to late stages of cardiac electrophysiological impairments using electrocardiography (ECG) and intervention using <i>Enicostemma axillare</i> subsp. <i>littorale</i>. The experimental rats were streptozotocin (SZ)-induced diabetic rats that were administered <i>E. axillare</i> formulations as follows: (1) normal; (2) SZ - 40 mg/kg, single, i.p.); (3) SZ + insulin (2 U/day) + losartan (10 mg/kg); (4) SZ + insulin + losartan + <i>E. axillare</i> decoction (2 mL/day); (5) SZ + <i>E. axillare</i> decoction; (6) SZ + <i>E. axillare</i> (low dose-500 mg/kg), and (7) SZ + <i>E. axillare</i> (high dose-2 g/kg). Steady hyperglycemia was witnessed until day 5 followed by various elevated patterns until day 60 in the SZ group that was potentially treated with <i>E. axillare</i> formulations from day 20. ECG (lead II) revealed early significantly impaired ventricular events, namely widened QRS complex, elevated R-amplitude, and prolonged R-R interval from day 10 that were regulated using <i>E. axillare</i> decoction. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship between basal blood glucose (day 0) and impaired ECG parameters. This duration-based study therefore illustrated the progression of glycemic shifts, ventricular impairments, and their correlation besides establishing the interventional potential of <i>E. axillare</i> subsp. <i>littorale</i> towards these impairments associated with DCM. These glycemic-ECG impairments were substantiated by the increased blood HbA1c, serum NT-pro BNP, and LDH levels that were ameliorated by <i>E. axillare</i> subsp. <i>littorale</i> decoction. It was concluded that <i>E. axillare</i> subsp. <i>littorale</i> can restore early ventricular depolarization impairments, marking it as the reversible hypertrophic cardiomyopathic stage towards intervention in DCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 2","pages":"148-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chelidonic acid abrogates oxidative stress and memory dysfunction in experimental aging rats.","authors":"Feride Nihal Sinan, Emel Serdaroğlu Kaşikçi, Burcu Çevreli","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0152.2717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>In an aging model established using male Wistar albino rats via the administration of D-galactose (D-gal), the aim of this study was to examine the effects of chelidonic acid (CA) on cognitive function and the levels of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty-two, three-month-old Wistar albino male rats (n = 8) were divided into four groups, as the control (C) group, CA group (2 mg/kg of CA via oral gavage), D-gal group (150 mg/kg of D-gal, subcutaneously), and D-gal + CA group (150 mg/kg of D-gal and 2 mg/kg of CA). Following overnight fasting, the 10-week trial was concluded with intramuscular injections of anesthetic drugs xylazine (8-10 mg/kg) and ketamine (80-100 mg/kg), and subsequently, the collection of cardiac blood. The brain tissues of the rats were removed. The GSH, MDA, TAS, and BDNF levels were determined in the collected serum samples and prepared tissue homogenates. Novel object recognition and Morris water maze (MWM) experiments were also used to evaluate cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The D-gal group demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the discrimination index for memory in both the short and long term compared to the D-gal + CA group. Further analysis of the MWM data for these two groups indicated a notable decrease in the amount of time required for finding the platform. In comparison with the D-gal group, the MDA levels decreased in the CA and D-gal + CA groups, whereas the GSH, TAS, and BDNF levels increased in both the serum and hippocampus samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CA showed positive effects on age-related neurodegenerative disorders and memory-related processes, especially by increasing TAS and BDNF levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"48 6","pages":"432-441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11698193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into cardiac regeneration and protection through MEIS inhibition.","authors":"Aynura Mammadova, Galip Servet Aslan, Li Mo, Qifang Wu, Sebastian Clauss, Fatih Kocabaş","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0152.2716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MEIS1, a member of the TALE-type homeobox gene family, has emerged as a pivotal regulator of cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest and represents a promising therapeutic target. Our study reveals that inhibition of MEIS1 using two novel small molecules, MEISi-1 and MEISi-2, significantly enhances neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation and cytokinesis. Specifically, MEISi-1 and MEISi-2 increased the proportion of proliferating cardiomyocytes (Ph3+TnnT cells) up to 4.5-fold and the percentage of cytokinetic cardiomyocytes (AuroraB+TnnT cells) by 2-fold, compared to untreated controls. MEIS1 inhibition resulted in a notable downregulation of MEIS1 target genes and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, demonstrating its effect on key regulatory pathways. Additionally, the culture and differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes were studied, with MEIS1 inhibition showing no adverse effects on cell viability. Extended treatment with MEIS inhibitors led to a substantial upregulation of critical cardiac-specific genes, including a 15-fold increase in the expression of Nkx2.5. This upregulation significantly impacted both cardiac mesoderm and cardiac progenitor cells. These findings underscore the potential of MEIS1 inhibitors as effective agents in enhancing cardiac regeneration and highlight their therapeutic promise in regenerative cardiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"48 6","pages":"414-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11698199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}