Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi最新文献

{"title":"Phytochemical profile and nematicidal potential of essential oil from Algerian wild <i>Origanum vulgare</i> subsp. <i>glandulosum</i> Defs.","authors":"Amina Mezerket, Juan Emilio Palomares-Rius, Souad Bouasla, Henia Saib","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2723","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The root gall nematode <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i> constitute the most damaging species that infects many crops in Algeria. The intense use of harmful agricultural chemical products has incited research to develop alternative methods with natural and ecological advantages like essential oils extracted from plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of <i>Origanum vulgare</i> subsp. <i>glandulosum</i> Desf. (Lamiaceae) essential oil on the development of the root-knot nematode <i>M. incognita</i> in potted tomatoes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In pot trials, we assessed the activity of <i>O. vulgare</i> subsp. <i>glandulosum</i> essential oil at two concentrations of 0.75 and 0.37 mg/L against <i>M. incognita</i>. These dilutions were applied in two treatments to soil: the preventive treatment (pretomato planting), and the curative treatment (posttomato planting), using an artificially inoculated tomato under controlled conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The application of <i>O. vulgare</i> subsp. <i>glandulosum</i> essential oil was very effective at the pretomato planting treatment compared to the chemical treatments, and the inoculated control. We noted a reduction in number of roots and soil juveniles, galling index, and an increase in the tomato root and stem weights. The phytochemical screening of <i>O. vulgare</i> subsp. <i>glandulosum</i> revealed the presence of five classes of bioactive compounds (glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and gallic tannins).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed a potential nematicidal effect of <i>O. vulgare</i> subsp. <i>glandulosum</i> essential oil on root-knot nematode.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"52-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antilipase activities of cultivated peppermint and rosemary essential oils: in vitro and in silico studies.","authors":"Khadidja Bengana, Talia Serseg, Khedidja Benarous, Arif Mermer, Yakup Şirin, Alaeddine Kaouka","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2725","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The growing interest in essential oils clearly indicates the power of nature and aligns with our increasing need to find therapeutic solutions in the natural world. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of the essential oils of <i>Mentha × piperita</i> and <i>Salvia rosmarinus</i>, harvested from the Laghouat region of Algeria, against <i>Candida rugosa</i> lipase (CRL) and pancreatic lipase through both in vitro and in silico studies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Essential oils were extracted via hydrodistillation and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and spectrophotometry. Their antilipase activities were assessed using an inhibition assay, and molecular docking was performed with AutoDock Vina to explore interactions between essential oil compounds and lipase enzymes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated significant inhibitory activity for each essential oil against CRL lipase, with IC₅₀ values of 0.56 ± 0.005 and 0.69 ± 0.008 mg/mL for peppermint and rosemary oils, respectively. These results were satisfactory in comparison to those achieved with orlistat. Molecular docking studies revealed the mechanisms of major compounds in each essential oil, demonstrating that these compounds inhibited CRL (PDB ID: 1CRL) and pancreatic lipase (PDB ID: 1LPB) with repeated hydrophobic interactions. The interactions were observed to be consistent with His449, Gly123, Gly124, Phe344, and Ser152 for many molecules.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights opportunities for essential oils and their bioactive components to be utilized as adjuvants in the management of obesity and other lipase-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"70-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the multifaceted bioactivity of <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> essential oil: the central role of eugenol.","authors":"Noureddine Rahim, Chamseddine Derabli, Amina Bramki, Sara Mahdjoub, Sandrine Rup-Jacques, Ghozlane Barboucha, Stephanie Hesse, Houssem Boulebd","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2728","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong><i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> L. is a versatile plant traditionally used to treat digestive and respiratory issues, improve oral health, and relieve pain, particularly in regions such as Southeast Asia, South Asia, and parts of the Middle East. Its essential oil (EO), predominantly composed of eugenol, is rich in bioactive compounds. This study aims to clarify the specific contribution of eugenol to the antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal activities of <i>S. aromaticum</i> EO by comparing their individual effects. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to examine the antioxidant mechanism of eugenol and its role in enhancing the overall activity of the EO.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The EO was obtained from <i>S. aromaticum</i> and analyzed using GC-MS to determine its composition. Antioxidant activity was assessed through the DPPH scavenging assay. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated using the disk diffusion method against various strains, while insecticidal and repellent effects were tested on <i>Bruchus lentis</i> at different concentrations and exposure times. Antioxidant mechanisms were investigated using DFT calculations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings underscore the strong antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal properties of <i>S. aromaticum</i> EO, with eugenol identified as the primary active component driving the antioxidant and insecticidal effects. Additionally, eugenol has been found to exhibit moderate scavenging activity in lipid media. However, its activity is higher in polar media, with a <i>k</i> _overall = 1.70 ⊠ 10⁶ M^-1s^-1 comparable to that of ascorbic acid. The single-electron transfer mechanism from the deprotonated state was found to play a decisive role under these conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>S. aromaticum</i> EO exhibits remarkable antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal activities. A significant portion of these properties can be attributed to the presence of eugenol. This suggests that eugenol plays a critical role in the EO's overall efficacy, making <i>S. aromaticum</i> a promising candidate for applications in natural health products, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural pest management.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"102-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidiabetic potential of polysaccharides from Algerian Saharan <i>Zygophyllum geslini</i> in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.","authors":"Houria Medjdoub, Waffa Bouali, Arezki Azzi, Nacéra Belkacem, Nabila Benariba, Nawel Meliani","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2724","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong><i>Zygophyllum geslini</i>, an endemic Algerian species, has numerous properties, especially as an antidiabetic drug. In Algeria, this herb serves as condiment in Saharan dishes and as animal feed (Sheep, Goat and Camel). However, few scientific studies have reported on the medicinal properties of this Saharan species. The aims of the present work were to study 1) the chemical aspects of polysaccharides extracted from this plant, 2) their inhibitory effect on pancreatic α-amylase in vitro, and 3) their antihyperglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats in vivo.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>First, polysaccharides were extracted from <i>Z. geslini</i> aerial part (ZGAP) in hot water and precipitated with ethanol to obtain ethanolic polysaccharides and with acetone to obtain acetonic polysaccharides. The extracts were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In vitro antidiabetic evaluation was performed using pancreatic α-amylase, an enzyme related to diabetes. In addition, ethanolic polysaccharides were tested in vivo in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 4 weeks. The rats received 100 mg/kg ZGAP ethanolic polysaccharides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FTIR spectra showed that ZGAP polysaccharides were heterogeneous in composition, with extraction yield of 14.07 ± 2.61 and 4.48 ± 1.01 g/100 g of dry ZGAP and had a neutral pH (7.03 and 7.2) for ethanolic and acetonic polysaccharides, respectively. Furthermore, ZGAP polysaccharides showed potential as an α-amylase inhibitor, with IC₅₀ = 3.53 ± 0.09 μg/mL for ethanolic and 7.31 ± 0.42 μg/mL for acetonic polysaccharides. Ethanolic polysaccharides were able to correct hyperglycemia caused by streptozotocin damage. A significant decrease in blood glucose levels and improvement in oral glucose tolerance were observed with ethanolic polysaccharides. Ethanolic polysaccharides extract enhanced the body weight evolution in diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on these findings, we conclude that ZGAP polysaccharides have interesting in vivo and in vitro antidiabetic activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"60-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory effects of carvacrol on glucansucrase from <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and salivary α-amylase: in silico and in vitro studies.","authors":"Samet Kocabay, M Abdullah Alagöz, Birnur Akkaya","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2727","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong><i>Streptococcus mutans</i> produces glucansucrase, an enzyme that converts sucrose into lactic acid, which lowers the pH in the oral environment and leads to tooth enamel demineralization, a key factor in dental caries. Additionally, glucansucrase facilitates the formation of extracellular polysaccharides, which promote bacterial adhesion to tooth surfaces. This study investigates the inhibitory effects of carvacrol, a natural compound, on glucansucrase activity both in vitro and in silico.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Glucansucrase enzyme was purified from <i>S. mutans</i>. The inhibitory effects of carvacrol against glucansucrase enzyme were investigated both in vitro and in silico.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the presence of 50 mM carvacrol, glucansucrase and salivary amylase activities were reduced by 51.25% and 14.85%, respectively. Carvacrol did not significantly inhibit (4.73%) the salivary amylase enzyme at 10 mM. Glucansucrase activity decreased by 51.63% in the presence of 10 mM acarbose, which was used as a positive control in glucansucrase enzyme studies. Acarbose inhibited salivary amylase with 82.54% loss of enzyme activity in the presence of 1 mM acarbose. The docking score obtained for carvacrol was -5.262 kcal/mol, while that obtained for acarbose was -6.084 kcal/mol. We carried out molecular dynamics simulation studies for 100 ns to determine the stability of carvacrol in the active site of the protein. Carvacrol demonstrated stable binding to glucansucrase with hydrogen bonds and interactions at key residues (ASP477, GLN960, and ASP909), confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations. Carvacrol remained stable between 16 and 100 ns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Carvacrol selectively inhibits glucansucrase without significantly affecting salivary amylase, making it a more targeted inhibitor compared to acarbose, which inhibits both enzymes. Docking studies indicated that while carvacrol has a lower binding affinity than acarbose, its stable interaction with the enzyme suggests sustained inhibitory action. These findings highlight carvacrol as a promising natural compound for preventing dental caries, offering a more selective alternative to traditional inhibitors. Further in vivo studies are necessary to assess its therapeutic efficacy and safety in clinical applications for oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"92-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal complexes of sulfamethazine/benzoin-based Schiff base ligand: synthesis, characterization, DFT calculations, and antimicrobial activities.","authors":"Kerem Buran","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2729","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The global rise in bacterial resistance poses a significant challenge, exacerbated by the overuse of antibacterial agents. Schiff base-metal complexes have gained attention for their potential antimicrobial properties, attributed to their unique three-dimensional structures and modes of action, such as cell wall inhibition and membrane disruption. The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize a novel Schiff base (L) derived from sulfamethazine and benzoin, and to develop metal complexes of it with Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Cd²⁺. This research sought to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the synthesized Schiff base and its metal complexes to explore their potential as effective antimicrobial agents.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The compound L and its metal complexes were synthesized. The compounds were characterized with ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, mass spectrometry, UV-vis spectroscopy, and FTIR. Antimicrobial activities were tested on <i>E. coli</i> ATCC 8739, <i>S. aureus</i> ATCC 6538, <i>P. aeruginosa</i> ATCC 9027, and <i>C. albicans</i> ATCC 10231. To investigate the molecular properties of compound L, density functional theory calculations were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The synthesized compounds (L, 1, 2, 3, 4) were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Copper-based compound 1 showed the best overall antifungal activity, while zinc-based compound 3 demonstrated notable antibacterial efficacy against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Although all compounds outperformed L in antifungal tests, none surpassed ciprofloxacin, the reference drug, in antibacterial assays. These results highlight the potential of Schiff base-metal complexes as promising antimicrobial agents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the potential of Schiff base-metal complexes as effective antimicrobial agents in response to the growing challenge of bacterial resistance. The synthesized Schiff base (L) and metal complexes of it with Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Cd²⁺ exhibited promising antibacterial and antifungal activities, with copper-based compound 1 showing the most potent antifungal action and zinc-based compound 3 demonstrating significant antibacterial efficacy against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Although none of the compounds outperformed ciprofloxacin in antibacterial assays, all were more effective than the parent Schiff base in antifungal tests. These findings suggest that Schiff base-metal complexes, particularly copper and zinc derivatives, hold considerable promise for developing new antimicrobial agents. Further optimization and testing could enhance their clinical application in combating resistant infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"118-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced formulation and comprehensive analysis of novel natural ointments with grape seed and pomegranate peel infused in olive oil.","authors":"Mebarka Imane Benguechoua, Madjda Benguechoua, Khedidja Benarous, Alaeddine Kaouka, Mohamed Yousfi","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2721","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The global shift toward sustainable and organic alternatives in cosmetics and personal care has created a demand for innovative and environmentally conscious formulations. This study aimed to develop novel natural ointments using beeswax and grape seed (GS) and pomegranate peel (PP) extracts infused in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), and determine the physicochemical characteristics, microbiological properties, and antioxidant activity as a way to valorize organic waste toward its application in the cosmetic industry. The research aimed to promote sustainability and effectiveness in the cosmetic industry.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Microbial analysis was performed on the oils and ointments, followed by the extraction of active compounds using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The chemical profiles of the extracts were analyzed through thin-layer chromatography, while gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed for compound identification and quantification. In vitro assays were conducted to assess the antioxidant activity of the extracts. The physical properties of the formulated ointments (organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, water resistance, skin absorption, topical sensitivity, and stability) were evaluated for potential topical applications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DMSO extracts from the GSs and PP-infused EVOO exhibited significant antioxidant activity. The GC-MS analysis revealed an increase in oleic acid content, ranging from 61.46% in pure EVOO to 72.49% in the infused samples, enhancing their suitability for skin health. The ointments demonstrated favorable physical properties. Microbial analysis confirmed no detectable contamination, ensuring the safety of the formulations for topical use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The EVOO-based ointments enriched with GS and PP extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activity, stability, water resistance, and moisturizing properties. The use of phenolic compounds and natural ingredients like beeswax and olive oil underscores the potential of agricultural byproducts in creating sustainable, ecofriendly cosmetics, with promising applications in skincare and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"28-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. (Asteraceae).","authors":"Ahmet Beyatli","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2730","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Medicinal plants are considered an important source of novel antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents. The main goal of this study was to define the beneficial properties of various extracts obtained from <i>Xanthium strumarium</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Evaluations were conducted on the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts. High-performance liquid chromatography and diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) was used to determine the phenolic profiles of the extracts. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were used to evaluate the free radical scavenging properties of the <i>X. strumarium</i> extracts. The broth dilution method was used for antimicrobial activity assessments, the MTT assay was used for the evaluation of cytotoxicity in K562 and P3HR1 cells treated with the extracts, and western blotting was used for the determination of molecular pathways. DNA fragmentation was also conducted utilizing the diphenylamine assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the acetone extract were significantly higher than those of the methanol and ethanol extracts at 454.54 mg GAE/g and 78.94 mg catechin/g, respectively. The acetone extract had the highest amounts of flavonoids. All extracts exhibited noTable antioxidant activity. The acetone extract had lower minimum inhibitory concentrations than the other extracts against the studied bacterial and fungal strains. The extracts showed varying degrees of cytotoxicity in the studied cell lines and all such effects were dose-dependent and solvent-specific. Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values ranged between 180.12 and 410.23 μg/mL, with the lowest IC₅₀ value being obtained for the acetone extract. Treatments led to cytochrome c release and high expression of caspase-3 and caspase-8, which can be attributed to the involvement of mitochondria in the process of apoptosis. The DNA fragmentation percentage increased in both cell lines with all extracts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on these findings, <i>X. strumarium</i> demonstrates significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. Notably, the acetone extract exhibited the strongest activity across the tested parameters, highlighting its potential for further pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"127-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the composition of fatty acid, tocopherol, and sterol contents and antioxidant capacity of oils from the seeds of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. growing in Algeria.","authors":"Samira Nia, Madjda Benguechoua, Toufik Hadj Mahammed, Khatir Reggagui, Mohamed Yousfi","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2726","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Vegetable oils are considered a vital source of energy when glucose cannot be utilized. Therefore, research on new sources of oil that demonstrate nutritional value is necessary. Okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i>), a member of the <i>Malvaceae</i> family, is a remarkable botanical specimen due to its various uses; its roots, stem, leaves, fruits, and seeds are all valued for their nutritional, therapeutic, and industrial value. This study aims to demonstrate okra's fatty acid (FA) composition, tocopherol content, and sterol content and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the oils extracted from okra using three solvents.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The initial part of this study involved oil extraction using the Soxhlet apparatus with various solvents, followed by the conversion of FAs into methyl esters for analysis via gas chromatography. The second part focused on quantifying tocopherols and sterols using the Emmerie-Engel and Liebermann-Burchard methods, respectively. In the final part, the antioxidant activity of okra oils was measured using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the findings, palmitic acid (28.43%-39.83%) was the primary saturated FA, whereas linoleic acid (19.58%-44.07%) and oleic acid (21.60%-23.59%) were the primary unsaturated FAs. Additionally, the results indicate that the oil extracts from okra seeds contain a substantial amount of tocopherols and a significant quantity of sterols. The results of the DPPH assay show that, while the antioxidant capacity is lower than that of vitamin E, it exceeds that of other vegetable oils.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our research findings have allowed us to classify this oil as an edible vegetable oil.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The therapeutic potential of <i>Salvia aegyptiaca</i> extracts in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer: insights into macroscopic, histopathological, and biochemical mechanisms.","authors":"Walid Mamache, Smain Amira, Fatima Benchikh, Hassiba Benabdallah, Amor Bencheikh, Hind Amira, Roumaissa Ounis, Mohammed Abdallah Torki, Chahrazed Kaoudoune","doi":"10.55730/1300-0152.2722","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0152.2722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study explores the antiulcer activity of different doses of <i>Salvia aegyptiaca</i> (SAE) methanol (ME) and decocted extracts (DE) on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Female Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g were divided into five groups: control, omeprazole (positive control), and extract-treated (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg). Ulcers were induced with absolute ethanol 30 min after treatment with the extracts. The experiment was followed by macroscopic and histopathological examination. In vitro tests were also conducted to assess lipid peroxidation, catalase activity, mucus content, glutathione, and protein levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that 100% ethanol caused significant damage, including colour and mucus loss, petechiae, haemorrhages, and oedema. However, pretreatment with ME SAE or DE SAE at doses of all three levels reduced the ethanol-induced damage. Histopathological analysis revealed reduced signs of haemorrhagic lesions, infiltration, and oedema in rats treated with ME SAE or DE SAE at doses of 100 or 200 mg/kg, whereas the 400 mg/kg dose provided complete protection. Comparable to the use of omeprazole, ingestion of DE SAE at doses of 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg demonstrated substantial protection against stomach ulcers produced by ethanol, with a range of 76%-84%. Both SAE extracts induced a dose-dependent increase in glutathione levels, with DE SAE showing a significant rise at 200 and 400 mg/kg.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SAE extracts demonstrated a significant decrease in gastric lipid peroxidation, outperforming the effect of omeprazole.</p>","PeriodicalId":94363,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":"40-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}