One health outlook最新文献

{"title":"Antibiotics governance in aquaculture: knowledge, practices, and challenges among stakeholders on the Volta Lake in Ghana.","authors":"Samuel O Dandi, Øystein Evensen, Samuel Addo, Emmanuel D Abarike, Seth M Abobi, Dzigbodi A Doke, Jan L Lyche, Stephen Mutoloki, Amii I Obiakara-Amaechi, Kofitsyo S Cudjoe, Regina E Edziyie","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00141-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42522-025-00141-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The use and misuse of antibiotics for treating animal and human infections are a key driver of the emergence of resistant bacterial strains at the human-animal-environment interface. This inappropriate use threatens ecological balance and poses a significant risk to human health. The lack of relevant knowledge of the right attitudes and practices regarding antimicrobial stewardship among fish farmers, antibiotic drug retailers, and government agencies has significantly exacerbated this serious environmental and public health issue. To enhance understanding and improve communication for the implementation of sound antimicrobial stewardship in the fish farming industry in Ghana, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of key stakeholders regarding the use of antibiotics in cage aquaculture on Volta Lake in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a qualitative field survey involving interviews, key informant discussions, and observations. The participants were veterinary drug retailers and government officials from the fisheries, aquaculture, and veterinary sectors to gather insights about their knowledge, attitudes, and practices on antibiotics use in aquaculture. The study covered 40 respondents, comprising 18 veterinary drug retailers, 12 general pharmaceutical shop operators, five Fisheries Commission officials, and five government-trained veterinary personnel operating along the stratum II of the Volta Lake of Ghana. All quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using STATA and thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey revealed that drug retailers possess limited knowledge, expertise, and education on the use of antibiotics in fish farming. It was found that drug sellers occasionally recommend treatment regimens to fish farmers based on observable symptoms associated with specific diseases. The results further revealed a lack of regulation in selling veterinary drugs to farmers. Government officials, on their part, strive to create awareness and educate farmers on the selection and appropriate use of antibiotics through routine quarterly inspections, thereby promoting best practices for cultivating healthy fish. Despite this, the results indicate insufficient coordination between government officials, drug retailers, and fish farmers regarding the usage of antibiotics in aquaculture on Lake Volta.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Regular joint training programs are encouraged to improve and enhance knowledge, attitudes, and practices among government officials, veterinary drug retailers, and fish farmers. In addition, monitoring the activities of drug sellers and users, as well as fostering effective communication among all stakeholders, will significantly aid in reducing antibiotic use, misuse, and abuse in aquaculture. Under the One Health framework, efforts to integrate veterinary drug retailers, farmers, and other stakeholders o","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancement in diagnostic approaches for latent tuberculosis: distinguishing recent from remote infections.","authors":"Yi En Ding, Matthew Tze Jian Wong, Mohd Nor Norazmi, Venugopal Balakrishnan, Gee Jun Tye","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00144-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42522-025-00144-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) remains as a significant global health threat to date, with latent TB infection (LTBI) serving as a major reservoir for future active disease cases. A practical approach to an effective control and eradication of TB hence, requires an explicit identification of infected patient whom are at high risk of progressing from latent to active TB, particularly in those recently infected individuals. Current diagnostic tools however, including Tuberculin Skin Test and Interferon-Gamma Release Assays, are still lacking for their ability to critically distinguish between recent and remote infections, leading to insufficiency in optimizing targeted preventive treatment strategies. This review examines the limitations of current diagnostic tools and explores novel biomarkers to enhance distinction within the infection timeline in LTBI diagnostics. Advancement in immune profiling, dormancy antigen, along with molecular and transcriptomic approaches holds great promise to develop a diagnostic tools with better accuracy to differentiate recent from remote infections, thereby optimizing targeted interventions to improve TB control strategies. These underscores the need for further research into these emerging diagnostic tools to facilitate an effective public health strategies and contribute to the united efforts in End TB Strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zoonotic infections in semi-domesticated eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Fennoscandia - a review.","authors":"Morten Tryland, Kayla Joy Buhler","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00140-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00140-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) make up the basis for reindeer herding in Norway, Sweden and Finland, hosting about 640 000 animals. The animals are mostly free-ranging, with the exception of a few seasonal gatherings. Loss and fragmentation of pastures due to other types of land use, together with climate change and even conservation of predators, are challenging reindeer herding, leading to recent mitigations such as increased feeding. Whereas the average Norwegian consumes about 300 gr/person/year of reindeer meat, Sweden about 100 gr/person/year and Finland about 400 gr/person/year, reindeer meat and products constitutes a much larger part of the diet to members of herding communities. Preparing reindeer meat with no thorough heat treatment (e.g., drying, smoking, curing or raw consumption) can be found in many arctic and sub-arctic people's cultures, and interest for reindeer meat that is not heat-treated has also grown (e.g., carpaccio-style), which can dramatically impact pathogen transmission. There is a wide range of zoonotic parasites, bacteria and viruses that potentially can be transferred from reindeer to human, but it can be concluded that the zoonotic threat from close contact with reindeer or the consumption of reindeer meat and products thereof currently is of restricted magnitude. However, due to the challenges that reindeer populations are facing and the mitigation by increased feeding, the infection biology of zoonotic infections may change and we may face emerging diseases (i.e., pathogens new to the host and region), such as the recently appearing prion disease, Chronic wasting disease (CWD), and re-emerging diseases, such as the alimentary form of necrobacillosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of probiotic starter culture: impact on Ethiopian cottage cheese \"Ayib\" safety, stability, sensory acceptability and antioxidant potential.","authors":"Zerihun Asefa, Anteneh Tesfaye, Asnake Desalegn, Tadesse Daba, Tsion Haile","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00138-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00138-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ayib is a traditionally processed dairy product in Ethiopia that demonstrates significant variability in shelf life, sensory attributes, and safety, primarily own to the spontaneous fermentation of milk and differing household practices. This study aimed to develop mixed probiotic starter cultures from top seven previously isolated lactic acid bacteria to achieve a synergistic effect on sensory qualities consistent, enhanced safety, extended storage stability, and antioxidant potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine mixed starter cultures were formulated using seven lactic acid strains that are known for their superior fermentation and probiotic capabilities. Pasteurized milk was inoculated with 5% of each starter culture and incubated at 37 ± 2 °C for 8 h. Fermented milk was then defatted by shaking at 100 rpm for 1 h. Following fat removal, buttermilk was heated to 50-60 °C for 40-50 min to facilitate curd (Ayib) formation. After cooling, the curd was separated from whey. A 200-g portion of the curd was wrapped in sterile cheesecloth and immersed in pasteurized whey inoculated with 8 log CFU/mL of the formulated starter cultures for 30 min before being re-drained for 1 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The physicochemical properties, consumer acceptability, and storage stability of the resulting products were evaluated, revealing total solids ranging from 20.67 to 22.89%, pH values between 3.89 and 4.49, and titratable acidity ranging from 0.63 to 0.93%. Sensory evaluation, conducted using a five-point hedonic scale, showed overall acceptability scores ranging from 3.31 for Ayib treated with (F9) to 4.03 for Ayib treated with (F2). Remarkably, the storage stability of the treated Ayib was enhanced by 2-9 times compared to the control sample. The antioxidant analysis demonstrated that among the isolates, the Lactobacillus curvatus (NZ-44) exhibited the highest individual antioxidant activity of 57.77%. Furthermore, the formulated mixtures, particularly (F6), displayed synergistically enhanced antioxidant activity of 99.27%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that lactic acid bacteria strains can improve the nutritional value, safety, and storage stability of fermented dairy products, such as Ayib, with potential applications in both the food and pharmaceutical industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of the prevalence of tuberculosis in cattle and zoonotic tuberculosis in humans in sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Alfred Ngwira, Samuel Manda, Esron Daniel Karimuribo, Sharadhuli Iddi Kimera","doi":"10.1186/s42522-024-00130-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-024-00130-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) in cattle negatively affects the cattle economy in Africa, with zoonotic TB posing drug-resistance issues in humans. The burden of TB in cattle and zoonotic TB in humans in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is not well understood. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of both TB in cattle and zoonotic TB in humans in SSA through meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Research on TB prevalence was sourced from multiple databases. A random effects meta-analysis model estimated TB prevalence in SSA and its regions, while meta-regression identified risk factors. The analysis included 114 studies for cattle and 59 for humans.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The estimated TB prevalence in cattle was 5.06% (95% CI: 3.76-6.78), with a higher burden in West Africa. The prevalence was greater on farms than at abattoirs. Among humans, M. bovis prevalence was 0.73% (95% CI: 0.53-1.01), increasing to 1.56% (95% CI: 1.04-2.33) in TB incident cases, especially in the West and East Africa. Higher prevalence was noted among livestock workers, and in drug-resistant cases. Significant factors influencing TB prevalence varied for cattle and humans, including country, diagnostic methods, and study populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Focusing interventions on farms and livestock workers could help reduce the disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of stakeholders in avian influenza surveillance in Canada.","authors":"Erica Johncox, E Jane Parmley, Shayan Sharif, Lauren E Grant","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00147-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00147-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses are highly transmissible and lethal in wild and domestic birds and can infect other mammals. Effective avian influenza surveillance and response requires coordinated, cross-sectoral efforts involving many organizations and individuals. A detailed understanding of who is involved and their role in surveillance and response is necessary for optimizing efforts. However, a comprehensive map of stakeholders and their roles in AI surveillance and response is currently lacking in Canada.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify stakeholders and their roles in avian influenza surveillance to support effective surveillance and response in Canada. This map supplements existing information, including the Canadian Animal Health Surveillance System Poultry Surveillance Stakeholder Map, by comprehensively mapping specific sectors and organizations involved in avian influenza surveillance.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The final stakeholder list included 234 stakeholders involved in avian influenza surveillance (7 international, 60 national, 167 provincial/territorial). Stakeholders could have one role, multiple roles, or be involved in all steps of the surveillance cycle. The most common AI surveillance role was action and dissemination of information (n=141; 60.3%). There were 66 stakeholders (28.2%) involved in all steps of the surveillance cycle.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>This process identified and characterized stakeholders involved in surveillance and response to avian influenza outbreaks in Canada, improving awareness amongst stakeholders of who is involved and what their roles are. This map is intended to facilitate proactive communication and collaboration with the long-term goal of mitigating the impact of highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competencies for One Health Field Epidemiology (COHFE)-a framework to train the epidemiology workforce.","authors":"Marion Muehlen, Navneet Dhand, Heather Simmons, Stacie Dunkle, Christine Budke, Ahmed Zaghloul, David Castellan, Silvia D'Albenzio, Ravi Dissanayake, Jessica Cargill, Stephen Leshan Koyie, Julio Pinto, Barbara Alessandrini, Karl Schenkel","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00135-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00135-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Field epidemiologists play a crucial role in addressing the complex challenges posed by emerging infectious diseases, transboundary animal diseases, and antimicrobial resistance. Despite the interdisciplinary nature of these issues, traditional field epidemiology training programs are often narrowly focused on specific sectors. To effectively confront these evolving challenges, it is imperative to equip field epidemiologists with the skills to adopt the One Health approach. However, there are neither globally accepted One Health competencies for guiding field epidemiology training programs nor standardized curricular guidance for program managers. Recognizing this gap, three international organizations joined forces to develop the Competencies for One Health Field Epidemiology framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A desktop review was conducted of the existing frontline, intermediate, and advanced field epidemiology training program curricula. Knowledge, skills, and competency (KSC) statements for frontline, intermediate and advanced levels were then defined and grouped into domains and subdomains by thematic area. An international Technical Advisory Group of 59 experts from the animal, environment, and human health sectors was convened to review the proposed statements. The framework was revised based on their feedback. KSC statements were classified into core and optional, and a prioritization tool was developed to assist countries in selecting optional KSC statements based on their specific requirements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The competency framework was developed and comprises KSC statements needed for field epidemiologists to successfully apply the One Health approach across the human, animal, and environment health sectors. These KSC statements are stratified by frontline, intermediate, and advanced training levels and are further categorized as core and optional; sector-specific KSC statements are also identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This innovative framework emerged from a multisectoral, collaborative, inclusive, and iterative process involving international animal, human, and environment health and field epidemiology training experts. Countries and regions can also use the framework to establish new, comprehensive One Health field epidemiology training programs or upgrade existing programs to incorporate the One Health approach. This framework is anticipated to pave the way for a more holistic approach to training the global community of field epidemiologists in all health sectors to meet the demands of our evolving health landscape.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological determinants driving orthohantavirus prevalence in small mammals of Europe: a systematic review.","authors":"Daniele Fabbri, Monica Mirolo, Valentina Tagliapietra, Martin Ludlow, Albert Osterhaus, Paola Beraldo","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00136-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00136-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orthohantaviruses are emerging zoonotic pathogens that cause severe human disease and are considered an emerging public health threat globally. Mammalian orthohantaviruses are naturally maintained in rodent species and occasionally in other mammals. The abundance and density of natural orthohantavirus reservoir species are affected by multi annual and seasonal population cycles, community composition, ecosystem variables and climate. Horizontal transmission between host species is mostly density-driven and occurs via contact with infected host excreta, thus, fluctuations in populations and environmental variables often determine the prevalence of hantavirus in natural hosts. Given the zoonotic potential of hantaviruses, ecological factors influencing their spread and persistence in their natural reservoir and population dynamics influencing horizontal transmission require critical evaluation for human infection risk assessment. The present review paper discusses the impacts of natural host population cycles and ecosystem diversity, environmental conditions, and abiotic factors on the epidemiology of rodent-borne hantavirus infections in Europe. While significant efforts have been made to understand the drivers of hantavirus prevalence in natural hosts, we highlight key challenges in evaluating viral prevalence and assessing the role of environmental and population variables in determining hantavirus prevalence in host species.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The determinants of rabies knowledge, attitudes and practices among dog owners in the North-Eastern Region of Peninsular Malaysia: a multivariable analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Fazrul Mohammad Basir, Mohd Ismail Ibrahim, Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan Mohamad, Nik Mohd Hafiz Mohd Fuzi, Ainin Syakirah Rosli, Mohammad Sabri Abdul Rahman, Anas Rosedi, Suhaily Mohd Hairon","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00137-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00137-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rabies poses a significant public health threat worldwide, primarily transmitted through dog bites. Understanding community knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding rabies is crucial for effective prevention and control strategies. This study aimed to determine KAP levels and their determinants among dog owners in Kelantan, Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 among 232 dog owners attending mass canine vaccination programs conducted by Kelantan State Department of Veterinary Services. A validated and structured questionnaire assessed knowledge, attitudes and practices of rabies. The determinants were analysed through multiple logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 53.0% exhibited good knowledge, 26.7% had positive attitudes, and 40.0% demonstrated good practices concerning rabies. Higher education levels (AOR = 3.15,95%CI:1.07,9.26), attending rabies programs (AOR = 3.79,95%CI:1.37,10.43), and owning two dogs (AOR = 2.25,95%CI:1.09,4.61) were associated with good knowledge. Medium and long duration of dog ownership durations (AOR = 0.23,95%CI:0.10,0.53 and AOR = 0.40, 95%CI:0.16,0.98 respectively) has lower chances to have positive attitudes, while larger households (AOR = 1.49,95%CI:1.18,1.87) and higher knowledge scores (AOR = 2.80,95% CI:1.06,7.42) were associated to positive attitudes. Older age groups (AOR = 0.27,95%CI:0.12,0.6 and AOR = 0.22,95%CI:0.09,0.50) was associated with suboptimal practices, whereas higher knowledge scores (AOR = 1.29,95% CI:1.08,1.54) and acquiring dogs through formal channels (AOR = 4.79,95%CI:1.85,12.39) were associated with good practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified critical knowledge gaps, misconceptions, and suboptimal practices among dog owners in Kelantan, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. Tailored educational programs, community engagement strategies, and a comprehensive One Health approach towards the high-risk groups of dog owner are recommended to enhance rabies prevention and control efforts, ultimately safeguarding human, and animal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Salmonella in Raw cow milk & its products in Bishoftu city, central Ethiopia: implication for public health.","authors":"Lema Temesgen, Takele Beyene Tufa, Fufa Abunna","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00134-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00134-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Salmonella is a significant foodborne pathogen, with milk and milk products commonly implicated in its transmission. However, limited information is available regarding the direct link between antimicrobial use (AMU), dairy hygiene practices, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella strains isolated from dairy products in Bishoftu town.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional research was done from October 2023 to April 2024 to assess dairy farmers' antimicrobial usage (AMU) and hygiene practices and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of Salmonella isolated from raw cow milk and its products. A structured questionnaire was also used to assess the milk value chain's knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding AMU, AMR, and hygiene practices. Salmonella isolation and identification was conducted using standard microbiological techniques and further confirmation was carried out using the OmniLog system. An antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique..Data was analyzed using STATA version 14.2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 41 dairy farmers interviewed, it was found that most of the respondents had sufficient knowledge (78%), desired attitudes (90%), and good practices (76%) regarding AMU and AMR. However, 36% of dairy farms had poor hygienic practices. Overall, 2% (n = 4) of the samples tested positive for S. enterica. Of the 4 isolates, 3 were identified in dairy farm samples, whereas 1 was isolated from milk vendors. However, no Salmonella was identified in cheese or yoghurt samples obtained from the restaurants. Regarding the AMR profile, S. enterica isolates were resistant to amoxicillin (75%), streptomycin (75%), and tetracycline (50%). Resistant to two or more antimicrobials were identified in 75% of the isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicated contamination of cow milk and its products with S. enterica. Therefore, appropriate control measures, including awareness creation among personnel and improving hygienic practices at the milk value chains is recommended to mitigate cross-contamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}