Cancer Causes & Control最新文献

{"title":"Medicaid expansion in California and breast cancer incidence across neighborhoods with varying social vulnerabilities.","authors":"Lihua Li, Chen Yang, Yuanhui Huang, Serena Zhan, Liangyuan Hu, Joe Zou, Mandi Yu, Madhu Mazumdar, Bian Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01893-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01893-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate changes in breast cancer incidence rates associated with Medicaid expansion in California.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We extracted yearly census tract-level population counts and cases of breast cancer diagnosed among women aged between 20 and 64 years in California during years 2010-2017. Census tracts were classified into low, medium and high groups according to their social vulnerability index (SVI). Using a difference-in-difference (DID) approach with Poisson regression models, we estimated the incidence rate, incidence rate ratio (IRR) during the pre- (2010-2013) and post-expansion periods (2014-2017), and the relative IRR (DID estimates) across three groups of neighborhoods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prior to the Medicaid expansion, the overall incidence rate was 93.61, 122.03, and 151.12 cases per 100,000 persons among tracts with high, medium, and low-SVI, respectively; and was 96.49, 122.07, and 151.66 cases per 100,000 persons during the post-expansion period, respectively. The IRR between high and low vulnerability neighborhoods was 0.62 and 0.64 in the pre- and post-expansion period, respectively, and the relative IRR was 1.03 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.06, p = 0.026). In addition, significant DID estimate was only found for localized breast cancer (relative IRR = 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.09, p = 0.049) between high and low-SVI neighborhoods, not for regional and distant cancer stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Medicaid expansion had differential impact on breast cancer incidence across neighborhoods in California, with the most pronounced increase found for localized cancer stage in high-SVI neighborhoods. Significant pre-post change was only found for localized breast cancer between high and low-SVI neighborhoods.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"1343-1353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141316749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy-metal associated breast cancer and colorectal cancer hot spots and their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.","authors":"Madeline M Tomlinson, Felicia Pugh, Alexandra N Nail, Johnnie D Newton, Karen Udoh, Stephie Abraham, Sandy Kavalukas, Brian Guinn, Rulla M Tamimi, Francine Laden, Hari S Iyer, J Christopher States, Matthew Ruther, C Tyler Ellis, Natalie C DuPré","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01894-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01894-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cancer registries offer an avenue to identify cancer clusters across large populations and efficiently examine potential environmental harms affecting cancer. The role of known metal carcinogens (i.e., cadmium, arsenic, nickel, chromium(VI)) in breast and colorectal carcinogenesis is largely unknown. Historically marginalized communities are disproportionately exposed to metals, which could explain cancer disparities. We examined area-based metal exposures and odds of residing in breast and colorectal cancer hotspots utilizing state tumor registry data and described the characteristics of those living in heavy metal-associated cancer hotspots.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Breast and colorectal cancer hotspots were mapped across Kentucky, and area-based ambient metal exposure to cadmium, arsenic, nickel, and chromium(VI) were extracted from the 2014 National Air Toxics Assessment for Kentucky census tracts. Among colorectal cancer (n = 56,598) and female breast cancer (n = 77,637) diagnoses in Kentucky, we used logistic regression models to estimate Odds Ratios (ORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals to examine the association between ambient metal concentrations and odds of residing in cancer hotspots, independent of individual-level and neighborhood risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher ambient metal exposures were associated with higher odds of residing in breast and colorectal cancer hotspots. Populations in breast and colorectal cancer hotspots were disproportionately Black and had markers of lower socioeconomic status. Furthermore, adjusting for age, race, tobacco and neighborhood factors did not significantly change cancer hotspot ORs for ambient metal exposures analyzed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ambient metal exposures contribute to higher cancer rates in certain geographic areas that are largely composed of marginalized populations. Individual-level assessments of metal exposures and cancer disparities are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"1367-1381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of mailed outreach on FIT completion among patients aged 45-50 in a safety net healthcare system.","authors":"Sean P McClellan, Tanya Khan, Henry Rafferty, Jonathan Wong, Sylvia La, Shreya Patel, Ma Somsouk","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01889-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01889-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Colorectal cancer screening is recommended starting at age 45, but there has been little research on strategies to promote screening in patients younger than 50.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An outreach program quasi-randomly assigned patients aged 45-50 without recent fecal immunochemical test (FIT), colonoscopy or contraindications to screening to two intervention arms: electronic outreach with email and text (electronic outreach only) versus electronic outreach plus mailed outreach with FIT, an instructional letter and a prepaid return envelope (mailed + electronic outreach). In response to known disparities in screening uptake, all Black patients were assigned to receive mailed + electronic outreach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among patients quasi-randomly assigned to an intervention (non-Black patients), the 180-day FIT completion rate was 18.8% in the electronic outreach only group (n = 1,318) and 25.0% in the mailed + electronic outreach group (n = 1,364) (difference 6.2% [95% CI 3.0, 9.4]). FIT completion was 16.6% among Black patients (n = 469), 8.4% (95% CI 4.1, 12.6) lower than among non-Black patients also assigned to mailed + electronic outreach.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among patients aged 45-50, mailed + electronic outreach had a greater effect on FIT completion than electronic outreach alone. Crossover between intervention groups likely lead to an underestimation of the effect of mailed outreach.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"1311-1317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141186416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework and process for community-engaged, mixed-methods cancer needs assessments.","authors":"Todd Burus, Jessica R Thompson, Caree R McAfee, Lovoria B Williams, Jennifer Redmond Knight, Bin Huang, Sarojini Kanotra, Natalie P Wilhite, Elaine Russell, Melinda Rogers, Connie L Sorrell, Christine Stroebel, Rachael King, Pamela C Hull","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01892-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01892-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Community health needs assessments are required for most state and local public health agencies and non-profit hospitals. Typically based on community health improvement planning models, these assessments encompass overall community health and multiple diseases to inform program planning. National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated Cancer Centers and community-based cancer-focused programs share the goal of reducing cancer burden in the catchment areas they serve. However, to date, no published models exist to guide cancer-specific needs assessments for a determined geographic area that can inform both public health and research initiatives. The purpose of this article is to outline a cancer needs assessment (CNA) framework and community-engaged, mixed-methods process, along with a case study of how we applied it in Kentucky.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We convened a steering committee of key organizational partners to provide input throughout the process. We developed a conceptual framework of multi-level determinants affecting cancer-related outcomes. We incorporated both quantitative and qualitative data gathered through a variety of means, including a novel application of group concept mapping to guide definition of priorities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The resulting CNA has helped guide strategic planning and priorities for Kentucky's Cancer Action Plan, Markey Cancer Center, state agencies, and community-based organizations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This framework and process can be used collaboratively by cancer center Community Outreach and Engagement offices, public health agencies, oncology programs, and community partners to plan impactful cancer control programs and research in their catchment areas. Universities can also use them to inform the planning of community engagement and health equity research efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"1319-1332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorectal cancer screening: results from the World Trade Center Health Registry cohort.","authors":"Hannah M Thompson, Janette Yung, Jiehui Li, James Cone","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01895-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01895-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Little is known about colorectal cancer screening in 9/11 World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed populations. We utilized survey data from the WTC Health Registry (WTCHR) to examine associations between enrollees' characteristics and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 22,061 enrollees aged 50-75 who completed the WTCHR follow-up survey in 2015-2016. Those with a history of CRC were excluded. Screening was defined as a self-reported, routine colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy during the 12-month period prior to the survey. Multivariable log binomial regression identified factors associated with screening in the 12 months preceding the survey. We also stratified by age group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 22,061 enrollees, 23% were screened, with largely similar rates across age groups. Higher screening percentages were seen in selected groups including non-Hispanic Black enrollees (26.4%), males (24.3%), those married/living with a partner (24.1%), those with a higher household income (≥ $150 k, 25.4%), those who received services from the WTC Health Program (25.6%), and those with greater perceived social support (24.4%). On multivariable analyses, non-Hispanic Black enrollees [adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-1.42] were significantly more likely to report screening, even after stratifying by age group. Hispanic enrollees, those with a higher household income, those with increased perceived social support, and those with diagnosed medical conditions under 70 years old were also associated with screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that non-Hispanic Black compared with non-Hispanic White enrollees were more likely to obtain screening for CRC. Continued efforts to promote health and wellness of WTC-exposed population is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"1355-1365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141436397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer fatalism, social media informational awareness, and education.","authors":"Jim P Stimpson, Sungchul Park, Mayra Rodriguez, Miguel Ángel Cano, Alexander N Ortega","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01896-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01896-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Understand if cancer fatalism among adult social media users in the United States is linked to social media informational awareness and if the relationship varies by education level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (n = 3,948) were analyzed using multivariable linear probability models. The study population was defined as social media users active within the past year. The outcome variable was cancer fatalism and the predictor variables were social media informational awareness and education level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with low social media informational awareness were 9% (95% CI = 3, 15), 6% (95% CI = 1, 11), and 21% (95% CI = 14, 27) percentage points more likely to agree that it seems like everything causes cancer, you cannot lower your chances of getting cancer, and there are too many cancer prevention recommendations to follow, respectively. Participants with a college degree or higher level of education and who reported high social media informational awareness were the least likely to agree that everything causes cancer (60%; 95% CI = 54, 66), you cannot lower your chances of getting cancer (14%; 95% CI = 10, 19), and there are too many cancer prevention recommendations to follow (52%; 95% CI = 46, 59).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Social media informational awareness was associated with lower levels of cancer fatalism among adult social media users. College graduates with high social media informational awareness were the least likely to report cancer fatalism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"1383-1392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141475979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The causal and mediation effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on lung cancer subtypes: a two-sample mendelian randomization study","authors":"Xue Zhang, Jinze Zhang, Zhe Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01916-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-024-01916-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>This study aims to determine the causal effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on different subtypes of lung cancer and to investigate the mediation effects of COPD between smoking and the subtypes of lung cancer.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The study utilized summary level data from genome-wide association studies. It extracted independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) to serve as instrumental variables (IV). We conducted two-sample MR analyses primarily using inverse-variance weighting, as well as MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO to establish and validate the causal impact of COPD on lung cancer subtypes. Additionally, multivariable MR analysis was employed to ascertain the mediating role of COPD between smoking and lung cancers.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The two-sample MR analysis demonstrated that COPD is linked to an elevated risk of lung adenocarcinoma (OR: 1.48, 95% CI 1.35–1.61, <i>p</i> = 0.009) and squamous cell carcinoma (OR: 1.78, 95% CI 1.62–1.93, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Further, using multivariable MR, it was established that COPD mediates the causal effects of smoking on lung adenocarcinoma by 56.52% (95% CI 17.51–95.52%) and 63.61% (95% CI 38.31–88.92%) in lung squamous cell carcinoma.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our study found that COPD was a risk factor for developing both lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. COPD also played a crucial role in mediating the causal effects of smoking on these two subtypes of lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between food insecurity and colorectal cancer screening: 2018–2021 New York State Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)","authors":"Tara Ivic-Pavlicic, Jamilia R. Sly, Stephanie Tuminello, Matthew Untalan, Yasmin Meah, Emanuela Taioli, Sarah J. Miller","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01915-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-024-01915-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>To assess the association between food insecurity and colorectal cancer screening uptake in screening eligible participants in New York State.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We analyzed 28,154 adults who participated in New York State Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 2018 to 2021, were age-eligible for colorectal cancer screening based on the USPSTF guidelines at the time of survey administration and answered a version of the administered survey that included the module on food insecurity. Participants were defined as food insecure if they self-reported being always, usually, or sometimes stressed about having enough money to buy nutritious meals in the past 12 months. We compared demographic, healthcare access, overall health status, food insecurity by colorectal cancer screening status. Multivariable analyses were performed to assess the association of food insecurity and colorectal cancer screening status after adjusting for relevant covariates. Weighted analyses were performed using survey procedures to obtain population estimates.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Food insecurity was statistically significantly associated a decreased likelihood of being up to date on colorectal cancer screening (OR_adj 0.83, 95% CI [0.72, 0.94]) and being ever screened for colorectal cancer (OR_adj 0.74, 95% CI [0.64, 0.87]) after adjusting for overall health status, healthcare coverage, interview year, age, race/ethnicity, sex, educational attainment, and income. Health status, health coverage, age, and Non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity showed positive, statistically significant association with ever being screened and with being up to date for colorectal cancer screening. Lower income, lower educational attainment, and non-Hispanic Asian race/ethnicity were statistically significant inverse predictors of ever being screened and being up to date on screening.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>This project assessed the association between food insecurity and colorectal cancer screening uptake using the BRFSS survey. Food insecurity may be an important predictor for colorectal cancer screening uptake in eligible adults in the United States. The results from the study can inform future interventions and policies designed to improve participation in routine colorectal cancer screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a guaranteed access program to imatinib on the survival of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia","authors":"Gilberto Barranco, Itzel Vidal, Dulce Gama, Carlos Martínez, Brenda Acosta, Christian Ramos, Emmanuel Martínez, Juan Zazueta, Irma Olarte, Adolfo Martínez, Eduardo Cervera, Iveth Mendoza, Diana Arcos, Judith Cruz","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01912-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-024-01912-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>This work aimed to evaluate the impact of a guaranteed access program to imatinib on the survival of patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We carried out a retrospective, observational, and analytical study of the database of patients diagnosed with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia of the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología and the Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo to assess overall survival based on guaranteed access or not to imatinib.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>With an average follow-up of 99 months, all patients’ estimated 20-year overall survival was 72% (95% CI, 76–67). A significant difference was found in the 20-year survival probability in favor of patients with guaranteed access 76% (95% CI, 81–71) vs. 61% (95% CI, 69–52) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), in addition to those in which they had better attachment 81.2% (95% CI, 85–76) vs. 44.9% (95% CI, 52–37) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>CML is the most frequent chronic leukemia in Mexico. It mainly affects the economically active population (mean age 40), and the prognosis in our country has improved, emulating developed countries; however, the results depend on access to treatment and proper monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cigarette smoking and prostate cancer aggressiveness among African and European American men.","authors":"Edgar T Ellis, Brian J Fairman, Shelbie D Stahr, Jeannette T Bensen, James L Mohler, Lixin Song, Eboneé N Butler, L Joseph Su, Ping-Ching Hsu","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01883-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01883-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Smoking is a modifiable lifestyle factor that has not been established as a prostate cancer risk factor, nor emphasized in prostate cancer prevention. Studies have shown that African American (AA) smokers have a poorer cancer prognosis than European Americans (EAs), while having a lower prevalence of heavy smoking. We examined the relationship between cigarette smoking and prostate cancer aggressiveness and assessed racial differences in smoking habits on the probability of high-aggressive prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the North Carolina-Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (n = 1,279), prostate cancer aggressiveness was defined as high or low based on Gleason scores, serum prostate-specific antigen levels, and tumor stage. Cigarette smoking was categorized as current, former, or never smokers. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Self-reported current (OR = 1.99; 95% CI 1.30-3.06) smoking was associated with high-aggressive prostate cancer relative to never smokers. When stratified by self-reported race, the odds of having high-aggressive cancer increased among AA current (OR = 3.58; 95% CI 2.04-6.28) and former smokers (OR = 2.21; 95% CI 1.38-3.53) compared to AA never smokers, but the odds were diminished among the EA stratum (P_{self-reported race x smoking status} = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cigarette smoking is associated with prostate cancer aggressiveness, a relationship modulated by self-reported race. Future research is needed to investigate types of cigarettes smoked and metabolic differences that may be contributing to the racial disparities observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"1259-1269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}