Journal of clinical medicine research最新文献

{"title":"Mapping the Grounds for Mortalities in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Through Registry Analyses: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Patients.","authors":"Anas Elgenidy, Mohammed Al-Mahdi Al-Kurdi, Hoda Atef Abdelsattar Ibrahim, Eman F Gad, Ahmed K Awad, Rebecca Caruana, Sheriseane Diacono, Aya Sherif, Tasneem Elattar, Islam E Al-Ghanam, Asmaa M Eldmaty, Tareq M Abubasheer, Ahmed M Afifi, Amira Elhoufey, Hamad Ghaleb Dailah, Amira M Osman, Mohamed Ezzat, Doaa Ali Gamal, Rady Elmonier, Ahmed El-Sayed Hammour, Maged T Abougabal, Khaled Saad","doi":"10.14740/jocmr5205","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr5205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Our objective was to identify non-malignant factors that contribute to mortality in children, adolescents and young adults, aiming to improve patient follow-up and reduce mortality rates to achieve better survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 8,239 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 in the USA. Using version 8.4.0.1 of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)*Stat software, we calculated the standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each cause of death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 3,165 deaths observed in the study population, the majority (2,245;70.9%) were attributed to AML itself, followed by non-AML cancers (573; 18.1%) and non-cancerous causes (347; 10.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with AML are at a higher risk of developing other types of cancer and granulocyte deficiencies, which increases the risk of death from non-cancerous causes such as infections. Moreover, treatment for AML carries the risk of cardiac problems. AML is commoner in males than females.</p>","PeriodicalId":94329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical medicine research","volume":"16 6","pages":"310-318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11254311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141725469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib Plus Intensive Granulocyte and Monocyte Adsorptive Apheresis as Induction for Intractable Ulcerative Colitis.","authors":"Satoshi Tanida, Shun Sasoh, Takahiro Otani, Yoshimasa Kubota, Tesshin Ban, Tomoaki Ando, Makoto Nakamura, Takashi Joh","doi":"10.14740/jocmr5165","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr5165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monotherapy with a selective Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor or intensive granulocyte and monocyte adsorptive apheresis (GMA) has been limited to patients with intractable ulcerative colitis (UC). No previous reports have described the efficacy including histopathological evaluations and the safety of combination therapy with upadacitinib (UPA) plus intensive GMA (two sessions per week) for intractable UC showing resistance to conventional agents and adalimumab. This retrospective study evaluated the 10-week clinical and histopathological efficacy of induction combination therapy with UPA plus intensive GMA in patients with intractable UC. Among eight patients (moderate UC, n = 1; severe UC, n = 7) who received combination therapy with UPA plus intensive GMA, 50.0% had achieved clinical remission by 10 weeks. Percentages of patients with histological-endoscopic mucosal improvement and mucosal healing at 10 weeks were 62.5% and 12.5%, respectively. After excluding one patient who discontinued treatment by week 10 because of intolerance for UPA, mean full Mayo score, endoscopic subscore and C-reactive protein concentration at baseline were 11.43 ± 0.37, 3 ± 0 and 1.29 ± 0.70 mg/dL, respectively. Corresponding values at 10 weeks were 2.28 ± 0.77 (P < 0.03), 1.14 ± 0.34 (P < 0.03) and 0.03 ± 0.008 mg/dL (P < 0.05), respectively. Adverse events of herpes zoster, temporary increase in creatinine phosphokinase and anemia were observed in one patient each. One patient discontinued combination therapy at week 4 because of temporary taste abnormality due to UPA. Combination comprising UPA plus intensive GMA appears likely to achieve satisfactory induction of clinical remission and histopathological improvement for patients with intractable UC for whom conventional agents and anti-tumor necrosis factor-α antibody have failed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical medicine research","volume":"16 5","pages":"256-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11161188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune Checkpoints Receptors Expression of Macrophage/Monocytes in Response to Acute Viral Respiratory Infection.","authors":"Asmaa Zahran, Hosni A Hussein, Ali A Thabet, Mohamed R Izzaldin, Ahmed A Wardany, Ali Sobhy, Mohamed A Bashir, Magdy M Afifi, Wageeh A Ali, Amal Rayan, Khaled Saad, Mohammad Gamal Khalaf, Mahmoud Elsaeed Ahmed, Noha G Sayed","doi":"10.14740/jocmr5098","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr5098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to monitor the phenotypic changes in macrophages and their polarization in patients with acute viral respiratory diseases, including coronavirus disease diagnosis, focusing on the variations in the percentages of macrophages and monocytes and their sub-populations in those patients compared to healthy control. Moreover, we defined the correlation between macrophage subtypes and some inflammatory indices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven patients with clinical and radiologic diagnosis of acute viral respiratory infection admitted in Al-Azhar and Assiut University hospitals were recruited. Fresh peripheral blood samples were collected from all patients and healthy controls for flow cytometric analysis using BD FACSCanto II analyzer equipped with three lasers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to healthy controls, accumulation of cluster of differentiation (CD)11B⁺CD68⁺ macrophages (M) (P = 0.018), CD274⁺ M1 (P = 0.01), CD274⁺ M2 (P < 0.001), and CD80^-CD206⁺ M2 (P = 0.001) was more evident in patients. Moreover, CD273⁺ M2 (P = 0.03), CD80⁺CD206^- M1 (P = 0.002), and CD80⁺CD86⁺ M1 (P = 0.002) were highly expressed in controls compared with patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The examination of clinical specimens obtained from patients with signs of acute respiratory viral infection showed the role of the macrophage in the immune response. Dysfunction in macrophages results in heightened immune activity and inflammation, which plays a role in the progression of viral diseases and the emergence of accompanying health issues. This malfunction in macrophages is a common characteristic seen in various viruses, making it a promising focus for antiviral therapies with broad applicability. The immune checkpoint could be a target for immune modulation in patients with severe symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":94329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical medicine research","volume":"16 5","pages":"232-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11161185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Dropout From Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Panic Disorder Using Machine Learning Algorithms.","authors":"Sei Ogawa","doi":"10.14740/jocmr5167","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr5167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attrition is an important problem in clinical practice and research. However, the predictors of dropping out from cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for panic disorder (PD) are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to build a dropout prediction model for CBT for PD using machine learning (ML) algorithms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We treated 208 patients with PD applying group CBT. From baseline data, the prediction analysis was carried out using two ML algorithms, random forest and light gradient boosting machine. The baseline data included five personality dimensions in NEO Five Factor Index, depression subscale of Symptom Checklist-90 Revised, age, sex, and Panic Disorder Severity Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Random forest identified dropout during CBT for PD showing that the accuracy of prediction was 88%. Light gradient boosting machine showed that the accuracy was 85%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ML algorithms could detect dropout after CBT for PD with relatively high accuracy. For the purpose of clinical decision-making, we could use this ML method. This study was conducted as a naturalistic study in a routine clinical setting. Therefore, our results in ML approach could be generalized to regular clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical medicine research","volume":"16 5","pages":"251-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11161187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Premature Ventricular Contractions Development in Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection.","authors":"Aida I Tarzimanova, Anna E Bragina, Ekaterina E Sokolova, Tatiana S Vargina, Anna E Pokrovskaya, Tatiana A Safronova, Irakli Zh Loriya, Igor V Cherkesov, Alexander G Cherepanov, Liubov A Ponomareva, Daria D Vanina, Kseniya E Krylova, Nadezhda K Ziskina, Valery I Podzolkov","doi":"10.14740/jocmr5160","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr5160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive patients often develop atrial fibrillation, premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), and conduction disorders. The manifestation of ventricular cardiac arrhythmias accentuates the risk of sudden cardiac death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on the cohort of 1,614 patients admitted for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients were categorized into two groups based on the occurrence of PVCs. Group I comprised 172 patients diagnosed with PVCs of Lown-Wolf class II - IV upon hospital admission; group II (control group) consisted of 1,442 patients without this arrhythmia. Each patient underwent comprehensive clinical, laboratory, and instrumental evaluations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The emergence of PVCs in individuals afflicted with COVID-19 was associated with a 5.879-fold heightened risk of lethal outcome, a 2.904-fold elevated risk of acute myocardial infarction, and a 2.437-fold increased risk of pulmonary embolism. Upon application of diagnostic criteria to evaluate the \"cytokine storm\", it was discovered that the occurrence of the \"cytokine storm\" was notably more frequent in the group with PVCs, manifesting in six patients (3.5%), compared to 16 patients (1.1%) in the control group (P < 0.05). The mean extent of lung tissue damage in group I was significantly greater than that of patients in group II (P < 0.05). Notably, the average oxygen saturation level, as measured by pulse oximetry upon hospital admission was 92.63±3.84% in group I and 94.20±3.50% in group II (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presence of PVCs in COVID-19 patients was found to elevate the risk of cardiovascular complications. Significant independent predictors for the development of PVCs in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection include: age over 60 years (risk ratio (RR): 4.6; confidence interval (CI): 3.2 - 6.5), a history of myocardial infarction (RR: 3.5; CI: 2.6 - 4.6), congestive heart failure (CHF) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (RR: 5.5; CI: 3.9 - 7.6), respiratory failure (RR: 2.3; CI: 1.7 - 3.1), and the presence of a \"cytokine storm\" (RR: 4.5; CI: 2.9 - 6.0).</p>","PeriodicalId":94329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical medicine research","volume":"16 5","pages":"243-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11161186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Small Airway Functional Indices With Respiratory Symptoms and Comorbidity in Asthmatics: A National Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Jia Wei Long, Yong Liang Jiang","doi":"10.14740/jocmr5158","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr5158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Small airway dysfunction (SAD) and airway inflammation are vital in asthma exacerbations. Type 2 inflammation (T2), mediated by cytokines from T helper 2 cell (Th2) such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13, is a potential mechanism underlying SAD. Research on small airway function in asthma is limited. We aimed to explore the correlation between small airway function and respiratory symptoms and comorbidity in T2 and non-T2 asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), our study encompassed 2,420 asthma patients aged 6 - 79 years, including pulmonary function (PF) data such as forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF_25-75), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁), forced expiratory volume in 3 seconds (FEV₃), forced expiratory volume in 6 seconds (FEV₆), and forced vital capacity (FVC). To evaluate the small airway function, we calculated z-scores for FEF_25-75, FEF_25-75/FVC, FEV₁/FEV₆, and FEV₃/FEV₆. Logistic regression determined the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for symptoms and comorbidity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FEF_25-75, FEV₁/FEV₆, and FEV₃/FEV₆ correlated with asthmatic symptoms. FEF_25-75 had the strongest association with wheezing or whistling attacks. An increase of 1 standard deviations (SD) in FEF_25-75 reduced recurrent wheezing (aOR: 0.70; 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs): 0.65 - 0.76) and severe attacks (aOR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.62 - 0.94). These indices were also linked to dry cough and hay fever, particularly FEV₃/FEV₆ reducing hay fever risk (aOR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.55 - 0.91) in non-T2 asthma. FEF_25-75/FVC related to persistent (aOR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.72 - 0.84) and severe attacks (aOR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.08 - 1.22) in non-T2 groups. Lower indices combined with T2 exposure raised severe attack risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this nationwide study, small airway function correlated with symptom onset, especially in T2 asthma. Small airway injury differed between T2 and non-T2 asthma. Prospective research is needed to establish reference values.</p>","PeriodicalId":94329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical medicine research","volume":"16 5","pages":"220-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11161183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccines Reduce Risk of Hospitalization and Severe Outcomes in Adults: An Observational Cohort Study.","authors":"Nicholas Mielke, Steven Johnson, Charlotte O'Sullivan, Mohammad Usama Toseef, Amit Bahl","doi":"10.14740/jocmr5145","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr5145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluates the real-world effectiveness of updated bivalent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in adults, as the virus evolves and the need for new vaccinations increases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational, retrospective, multi-center, cohort analysis, we examined emergency care encounters with COVID-19 in metro Detroit, Michigan, from January 1, 2022, to March 9, 2023. Patients were categorized by vaccination status: unvaccinated, fully vaccinated, fully vaccinated and boosted (FV&B), or fully vaccinated and bivalent boosted (FV&BB). The primary outcome was to assess the impact of bivalent COVID-19 vaccinations on the risk of composite severe outcomes (intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, or death) among patients presenting to a hospital with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 21,439 encounters met inclusion criteria: 9,630 (44.9%) unvaccinated, 9,223 (43.0%) vaccinated, 2,180 (10.2%) FV&B, and 406 (1.9%) FV&BB. The average age was 48.8, with 59.6% female; 61.1% were White, 32.8% Black, and 6.0% other races. Severe disease affected 5.5% overall: 5.0% unvaccinated, 5.7% vaccinated, 7.0% FV&B, and 4.7% FV&BB (P = 0.001). Severe disease rates among admitted patients were 13.3% unvaccinated, 11.9% vaccinated, 12.2% boosted, and 8.1% FV&BB (P = 0.052). The FV&BB group showed a 4.0% (P = 0.0369) lower risk of severe disease compared to FV&B and a 5.1% (P = 0.0203) lower probability of hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to mutate and evolve, updated vaccines are necessary to better combat COVID-19. In a real-world hospital-based population, this investigation demonstrates the incremental benefit of the bivalent booster vaccine in reducing the risk of hospitalization and severe outcomes in those diagnosed with COVID-19 compared to all other forms of vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":94329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical medicine research","volume":"16 5","pages":"208-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11161184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurring ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction With No-Reflow Caused by Hypercoagulable State: A Behcet Disease Case Report.","authors":"Ahmed Hegazi Abdelsamie, Nayef Al-Asiri","doi":"10.14740/jocmr5132","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr5132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in young patients is an important issue because of its impact on health and social life. The mechanisms and disease courses of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in young individuals may differ from those in the elderly. Behcet disease (BD) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology. Cardiac involvement is rare, yet it was reported to affect 6% of patients, with 17% of the cases presenting as the first manifestation. We present the case of a 33-year-old male heavy smoker with negative medical history, who presented with acute inferior myocardial infarction. His coronary angiography showed huge thrombosis in proximal right coronary artery. He was treated with primary coronary intervention and implantation of drug-eluting stent, with subsequent intervention and implantation of two more drug-eluting stents due to acute stent thrombosis within 48 h. Rheumatologic assessment revealed the history of four different attacks of oral ulcers and one attack of genital ulcer. His workup showed positive human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele (B51) which is strongly associated with BD. AMI in young adults due to arterial thrombosis can be attributed to hypercoagulable state related to early manifestation of BD. Increased knowledge of AMI in young adults and its presentation in BD is necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality. Corticosteroids and colchicine may improve cardiac manifestations in BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical medicine research","volume":"16 5","pages":"264-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11161190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male Breast Cancer: Imaging Considerations for Diagnosis and Surveillance.","authors":"Mathew Thomas, Hatem Al Kashroom, Shilpa Reddy, Daniel Zaccarini, Katherine Willer","doi":"10.14740/jocmr5169","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr5169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male breast cancer accounts for less than 1% of all breast cancer cases. The important risk factors for the development of male breast cancer are family history, genetic mutations, obesity, liver disease, alcoholism, exogenous estrogen administration, and radiation exposure to the chest area. Despite its rarity, numerous studies have investigated the data on imaging considerations (mammogram, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)), but have addressed only certain aspects of male breast cancer. A comprehensive approach on the imaging characteristics, timing of imaging, prognostication based on imaging characteristics, and follow-up strategies in male breast cancer are still lacking. The purpose of this review article was to provide a comprehensive overview of the imaging findings, optimal timing to obtain imaging, and the appropriate follow-up strategies in male breast cancer survivors. This article also describes how imaging modalities can aid in determining prognosis. By addressing this knowledge gap, the article provides valuable insights for clinicians managing this uncommon yet clinically significant disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":94329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical medicine research","volume":"16 5","pages":"197-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11161189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility Study of a Prototype Wearable Inertial Measurement Unit for Elderly Postural Sway Assessment.","authors":"Siriphan Kongsawasdi, Chakrit Wiboonsuntharangkoon, Pattaraporn Tajarernmuang, Kittichai Wantanajittikul","doi":"10.14740/jocmr5125","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr5125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Falls are a major public health problem among older adults since they are a primary cause of injuries, functional decline and mortality. Identifying individuals susceptible to falls enables early intervention and prevention strategies. Currently, wearable sensors have emerged as a promising tool for assessing balance and mobility due to their affordability, compact size, and established efficacy. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based postural sway metrics during quiet stance with four different bases of support and compare them among elderly individuals who are at risk of falling and those who are not.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A triaxial IMU prototype was developed for evaluating postural sway during quiet stance, with various bases of support. Totally, 103 elderly participants with mean age of 68.5 ± 5.7 years were included. Sway metrics, including the root mean square (RMS) of magnitude, summation of range of signal (Range), summation of sway area (SA) and summation of distance (SD) were employed to detect sway perturbations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All of the sway metrics revealed a significantly increasing magnitude of signal trajectory with a decreasing base of support. When comparing IMU sway metrics between groups of individuals at potential risk and non-risk of falls, statistically significant differences were observed in some variables, including RMS, Range, and SA during semi-tandem stance, and Range and SA during one-leg standing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings support earlier studies that demonstrated the objective nature of the IMU in assessing balance and predicting future risk of falls. Limited significant findings in this study may be due to the lower sampling rate of the IMU prototype (50 Hz) compared to commonly reported frequencies (100 Hz), as well as the inclusion of elderly ambulatory participants who were capable of being independent in their daily activities. The IMU is capable of providing comprehensive data, and detecting subtle changes, early signs of balance impairment and fall tendencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical medicine research","volume":"16 4","pages":"174-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11073388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140878335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}