Experimental oncology最新文献

{"title":"Surgical Management of Metachronous Liver Metastasis after Watch-and-Wait Strategy in Rectal Cancer Patients with Complete Response: A Case Report.","authors":"A Burlaka, A Mykytyuk, V Bezverkhnyi, B Sorokin, D Makhmudov, V Skyba","doi":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The watch-and-wait (W&W) strategy has become an accepted organ-preserving approach for rectal cancer patients who achieve a clinical complete response (cCR) after total neoadjuvant therapy (tNt). however, the occurrence of metachronous colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) in this setting presents important therapeutic challenges. Evidence regarding the optimal surgical strategy-particularly the role of laparoscopic anatomical resection in centrally located liver segments-remains limited. We report the case of a 54-year-old male with ct3N0M0 rectal adenocarcinoma who achieved cCR following tNt and was subsequently managed with a W&W strategy. During routine surveillance, a soli- tary metachronous liver metastasis (15 mm) was detected in segment 4b. After a multidisciplinary tumor board review, the patient underwent laparoscopic anatomical segment 4b resection using an intrahepatic Glissonean approach. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 6. histopathological exami- nation confirmed metastatic moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with a microsatellite stable (MSS) phenotype and KRAS/BRAF wild-type status. This case demonstrates that laparoscopic anatomical segment 4b resection is a safe and feasible option for carefully selected patients with metachronous CRLM managed within a W&W strategy. The minimally invasive anatomical approach allowed precise vascular control and achievement of oncologically adequate margins in a technically demanding central segment. Larger clinical series are needed to define optimal management strategies and long-term oncologic outcomes in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":94318,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"59-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KALERIIA PAVLIVNA GANINA: The Life Dedicated to Science and Mankind - On the Centennial Birthday.","authors":"Scientific Council","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94318,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"77-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report: A Rare Casr Mutation Associated with HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.","authors":"N Kitsera, Ya Shparyk, I Duda, Yu Mylyan, N Kunta","doi":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.066","DOIUrl":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although highly penetrant genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, PALB2, CHEK2, and ATM are well known in hereditary breast cancer, genes with low penetrance may also contribute to the disease risk. The CASR (Calcium-Sensing Receptor) gene, located on chromosome 3q13.3-q21, encodes a G-protein-coupled receptor that regulates calcium homeostasis and parathyroid hormone secretion. here we describe the clinical course and genetic findings in a breast cancer patient diagnosed with hER2-positive (hER2/neu +++) and ER/PR-negative infiltrating ductal carcinoma with a rare CASR mutation and explore its potential role in the hereditary breast cancer predisposition. Next-generation sequencing re- vealed a heterozygous CASR variant, c.2265G>t (p.Glu755Asp), classified as a variant of uncertain significance (VUS). No pathogenic mutations were found in BRCA1/2, CHEK2, or PALB2. The patient underwent neoadjuvant chemothera- py, right-sided mastectomy, and trastuzumab therapy, achieving complete pathological regression (pCR) with no recur- rence after ten months of follow-up. Although the CASR p.Glu755Asp variant's pathogenic role is unproven, emerging evidence links CASR overexpression with hER2-positive breast cancers, promoting tumor progression via calcium- dependent signaling pathways (PI3K/AKt, MAPK). This case highlights the potential role of CASR as a low-penetrance susceptibility gene in breast cancer and supports further functional and genomic studies to clarify its clinical impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":94318,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"66-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress-Induced Changes in the Methylation Status of Mmp1 and Mmp8 Genes in Tumor Tissue of Rats with Guerin Carcinoma.","authors":"T Borikun, Y Herasymchuk","doi":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic stress is a key determinant of public health, signifi  antly impacting regulatory systems and potentially contributing to carcinogenesis. Chronic stress, through the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal axis and glucocorticoid signaling, can modify the epigenetic landscape of cells, including DNA meth- ylation. Th s study aimed to evaluate whether chronic glucocorticoid-induced stress modulates the methylation status of the promoter regions of the Mmp1 and Mmp8 genes in the tumor tissue of rats with Guerin carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>to simulate chronic stress, dexamethasone (DEX) was administered subcutaneously to laboratory rats with transplanted Guerin carcinoma. tumor samples were collected on days 7, 14, and 21 of tumor growth. The methylation status of the Mmp1 and Mmp8 gene promoters was analyzed using methylation-specifi PCR. The level of methylation was quantifi  d as the ratio of methylated to unmethylated PCR products, expressed as a percentage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the control group (Guerin carcinoma without DEX), the Mmp1 promoter was hypo- methylated (38-40% methylation) throughout the observation period. DEX administration led to a further slight decrease in Mmp1 methylation to 32%, though insignifi  ant. In contrast, the Mmp8 promoter in tumor tissue showed baseline methylation levels of 55-57%. Under the influence of DEX, Mmp8 hypermethylation was ob- served as early as day 7 (61%) and signifi  antly progressed by day 14 (67%) and day 21 (69%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated that chronic glucocorticoid-induced stress altered the epigenetic profile of tumor cells by in- ducing differential methylation of the matrix metalloproteinase genes. Specifi  ally, it promoted the maintenance of Mmp1 hypomethylation and signifi  antly increased the Mmp8 promoter hypermethylation. These fi  dings suggest that chronic stress may contribute to an aggressive tumor phenotype through the epigenetic regulation of extracel- lular matrix remodeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":94318,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"46-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Case of Inferior Vena Cava Leiomyoma in a Patient with Thrombocytopenia.","authors":"Y Dumanskiy, S Reshetniak, D Ievtushenko, D Bondar, M Mykhailyk","doi":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.073","DOIUrl":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary leiomyomas of the vascular system, particularly of the inferior vena cava (IVC), are extremely rare benign vascular tumors, which, due to their extraluminal growth, can mimic tumors of the adjacent organs. The report pre- sents the case of IVC leiomyoma in a patient with a complicated hematological history, with recently treated idiopathic thrombocytopenia, to demonstrate the complexity of the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal neoplasms. The case clearly demonstrates the limitations in diagnosing IVC tumors, even using modern imaging techniques, in cases of their extraluminal growth. Only the use of an aggressive surgical approach (en bloc resection of the tumor with the involved vascular wall) in combination with morphological and immunohistochemical verification guarantees an accurate diag- nosis and favorable prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94318,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"73-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyfunctional Thiazole/Thiazolidinone Derivatives as a New Class of Heterocyclic Compounds with Novel Mechanisms of Anticancer Activity.","authors":"S Pasichnyk, A Lozynskyi, R Lesyk, V Matviiv, B Snizhko","doi":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thiazole and thiazolidinone derivatives constitute an important class of heterocyclic compounds, widely investigated in modern medicinal chemistry for their diverse biological activities and significant potential for structural modification. Particular attention has focused on their anticancer properties and the design of multifunctional hybrid molecules with improved pharmacological profiles. This review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis and biological evaluation of functionally substituted condensed and non-condensed thiazole/thiazolidinone derivatives with anticancer activity. Available literature demonstrates that many of these compounds exhibit pronounced cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects across various tumor models. Their biological activity is associated with interactions with multiple molecular targets, including PPARγ receptors, integrins, PI3K/mtOR signaling pathways, histone deacetylases, matrix metalloproteina- ses, StAt3, and Pim-kinases. These multitarget mechanisms highlight the potential of these heterocyclic scaffolds for developing innovative anticancer agents. Analysis of structure-activity relationships has revealed promising directions for further optimization of the lead compounds. Overall, thiazole and thiazolidinone derivatives remain attractive plat- forms for the rational design of new anticancer drugs with improved selectivity and reduced toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94318,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Cytokine Profile of Macrophages Induced by Chronic Stress in intact and tumor-bearing rats.","authors":"I Voyeykova, N Fedosova, S Gogol, V Chekhun","doi":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prolonged psychoemotional stress results in the individual adaptive response ensured by the coor- dinated interactions among the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. A key role in this process is played by the interaction between stress hormones and effector cells of innate immunity, particularly macrophages (Mph), which con- stitute the first line of host defense. The aim of this study was to experimentally investigate the effects of stress hormones on the cytokine spectrum produced by Mph of the intact and tumor-bearing rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Wistar rats with transplanted Guerin carcinoma were used in a study. to induce experimental chronic stress, animals received dexamethasone or adrenaline (0.5 mg/kg body weight). Plasma levels of tNf-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were determined using ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the intact animals, prolonged exposure to stress hormones resulted in significant alterations in the macrophage cytokine profile. Adrenaline administration was accompanied by a transient increase in tNf-α (p < 0.05) along with a simultaneous decrease in IL-10 (p < 0.05); subsequently, tNf-α production was suppressed against a marked increase in IL-10 synthesis. Dexamethasone induced an increased tNf-α production at later time points. In rats bearing Guerin carcinoma, the most pronounced changes in tNf-α and IL-10 production were observed following dexamethasone administration: on day 14, tNf-α levels significantly increased, followed by a sharp decline accompa- nied by the elevated IL-10 levels, reflecting Mph polarization from the M1 to the M2 phenotype. This indicates the deve- lopment of immunosuppression and correlates with the active tumor growth. A significant increase in IL-6 production was observed on day 14 under both adrenaline and dexamethasone exposure. Subsequently, adrenaline suppressed IL-6 production, whereas dexamethasone stimulated it, which may indicate the development of glucocorticoid resistance and paradoxical enhancement of inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prolonged exposure to stress hormones may create condi- tions favorable for tumor progression through suppression of innate immune effectors and development of immunosup- pression, as well as through paradoxical enhancement of inflammatory responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":94318,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"24-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FNBP1 in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Spatial Association with BCR-ABL and Potential Implications for Targeted Therapy.","authors":"S Antonenko, D Gurianov, I Kravchuk, M Tesliuk, G Telegeev","doi":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) develops as a result of the appearance of the oncoprotein BCR-ABL, which, due to its tyrosine kinase activity, leads to abnormal cellular signal transduction and blast transformation. fNBP1 is a protein involved in cytoskeletal remodeling, endocytosis, phagocytosis, and cell migration, but its functional role in the development of CML is unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>to investigate the spatial relationship between fNBP1 and the BCR-ABL oncoprotein in CML cells and to assess the potential involvement of fNBP1 in BCR-ABL-related signaling networks.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The subcellular localization of fNBP1 and BCR-ABL was studied using immunofluorescence staining followed by confocal microscopy in K562 cells. The obtained images were processed and analyzed using fiji software. The bioinformatic analysis of the fNBP1 expression in different cancer types was performed using the GEPIA platform.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bioinformatic analysis revealed a heterogeneous regulation of the fNBP1 expression in vari- ous malignancies, with the largest increase observed in leukemia. A cytoplasmic punctate distribution of fNBP1 was shown in K562 cells. Partial colocalization between fNBP1 and BCR-ABL was found predominantly in the peripheral cytoplasmic regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The observed common spatial distribution of fNBP1 and BCR-ABL enhances the understanding of this protein complex's formation, suggesting a potential role for fNBP1 in CML development.</p>","PeriodicalId":94318,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"40-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Analysis of hsa-miR-26b-5p and hsa-miR-186-5p in Blood Serum and Tumor Tissue Reveals their Prognostic and Predictive Significance in Breast Cancer.","authors":"О Martyniuk, O Mushii, A Pavlova","doi":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer (BC) heterogeneity signifi antly complicates diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of treatment response. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their involvement in tu- mor progression and in regulating therapy sensitivity. however, the combined clinical signifi ance of circulating and tumor-associated miRNAs, such as hsa-miR-26b-5p and hsa-miR-186-5p, remains insuffi    tly elucidated. Materi- als and Methods. Expression levels of hsa-miR-26b-5p and hsa-miR-186-5p were analyzed in serum and tumor tis- sue of 124 BC patients. Associations with clinicopathological parameters were assessed. The prognostic signifi ance was evaluated based on disease progression and recurrence within 3 years. The predictive value was determined in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (4AC regimen) using response assessment and ROC analysis. Re- sults. young BC patients (≤45 years) demonstrated signifi antly lower circulating levels of both miRNAs. Serum hsa-miR-186-5p expression was associated with early-stage disease, tumor size, lymph node status, and molecular subtype. Increased circulating hsa-miR-26b-5p levels were linked to disease progression, whereas decreased hsa- miR-186-5p levels were observed in patients with unfavorable outcomes. In tumor tissue, hsa-miR-26b-5p expres- sion correlated with tumor grade, size, and metastatic status, showing elevated levels in poorly differentiated tumors and reduced expression in metastatic disease. In contrast, hsa-miR-186-5p was associated with the molecular sub- type and lymph node involvement, with the highest expression observed in hER2-positive tumors and in patients with recurrence. Elevated levels of hsa-miR-186-5p in both serum and tumor tissue were associated with reduced sensitivity to doxorubicin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. ROC analysis confi med its predictive value (AUC =  0.750 for serum and 0.818 for tumor tissue). No signifi ant association between hsa-miR-26b-5p and chemothe- rapy response was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>hsa-miR-26b-5p and hsa-miR-186-5p demonstrate complementary roles in BC biology. hsa-miR-26b-5p is primarily associated with tumor aggressiveness and cancer progression, whereas hsa-miR-186-5p refl cts its molecular characteristics and response to chemotherapy. Their combined assessment in serum and tumor tissue represents a promising approach for improving prognostic stratifi ation and predicting treatment effi acy in BC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":94318,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Case of Primary Ovarian Osteosarcoma.","authors":"O Manzhura, L Zakhartseva, Ye Maystrenko, O Kravchuk","doi":"10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/exp-oncology.2026.01.051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe an extremely rare clinical case of primary ovarian osteosarcoma (OS) in a 70-year-old woman, along with the diagnostic criteria for this condition. The patient underwent chemotherapy and has been under observation for 27 months. Currently, tumor progression with metastatic lesions of the peritoneum is observed. This case highlights the importance of further studies of primary ovarian OS. Ovarian OS is not included in the 2022 WhO classification of genital tumors, but such cases occur; their diagnosis is difficult, and there is no consensus on the treatment. Accumulat- ing data on the structural features of these tumors and their response to treatment will help improve the understanding of their treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94318,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}