Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases最新文献

{"title":"Serological and molecular insights into tick-borne pathogens in wild donkeys from an unexplored Mediterranean nature reserve","authors":"Luca Villa ,&nbsp;Alessandra Cafiso ,&nbsp;Chiara Cialini ,&nbsp;Emanuela Olivieri ,&nbsp;Carolina Allievi ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Pintore ,&nbsp;Giovanni Garippa ,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Manfredi ,&nbsp;Chiara Bazzocchi","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Island of Asinara (Sardinia, Italy) is a unique protected ecosystem in the Mediterranean basin. Its climate provides a favorable environment for a wide variety of flora and fauna, including ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) of medical and veterinary importance. In this context, wild donkeys (<em>Equus asinus</em>), i.e. the Sardinian grey donkey and the characteristic white Asinara donkey, serve as hosts for several tick species. This study aimed to increase the knowledge of the TBPs circulating on the Island of Asinara by assessing the seroprevalence and risk factors for <em>Babesia caballi</em> and <em>Theileria equi</em> infections in donkeys and the molecular prevalence of the aetiological agents of piroplasmosis, anaplasmosis, and rickettsiosis in ticks collected from donkeys. In this study, 110 wild donkeys and 197 adult ticks (<em>Rhipicephalus bursa</em>, <em>Haemaphysalis punctata</em>, <em>Hyalomma marginatum</em>) from the Asinara National Park were tested for the presence of TBPs. Serological analysis in donkeys revealed a seroprevalence of 23.6% for <em>B. caballi</em> and 39.1% for <em>T. equi</em>, with 11.8% of individuals showing co-infections. The likelihood of protozoan infection was associated with tick infestation for <em>B. caballi</em> and land cover type for <em>T. equi</em>. Molecular analysis of ticks detected <em>T. equi</em> in 15.7% of the samples and <em>Babesia</em> spp. in 3.5% of the samples. <em>Rickettsia</em> spp., including the zoonotic <em>R. aeschlimannii</em>, were identified in 8.1% of the ticks. No <em>Anaplasma</em> spp. positives were detected. In addition, 2% of ticks showed co-infections with multiple pathogens, highlighting the potential for co-transmission. An association with tick species and sex was demonstrated for <em>Rickettia</em> spp. infection. These findings confirm the circulation of piroplasms and zoonotic agents within the Asinara National Park, underscoring potential health risks for both animals and humans, particularly in a tourist-attractive area, and thus emphasize the need for integrated “One Health” surveillance strategies to monitor and manage TBPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotyping specimens of human lice from a centenary entomological collection","authors":"Laiz Skinner ,&nbsp;Márcio Felix ,&nbsp;Claudia Leal Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Alena Mayo Iñiguez","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pediculus humanus</em> has been infesting humans since their origin. This obligatory hematophagous and monoxenic parasite has co-evolved with its hosts, carrying genetic information that reflects this long evolutionary history. The ecotypes of <em>P. humanus</em> are divided into six phylogenetic clades (A-F) with distinct geographical distributions. Paleoparasitological studies have revealed a high lice infestation rate in mummies from various chronological periods and cultures worldwide. In this study, we conducted a paleogenetic analysis of head lice specimens from the Entomological Collection of Oswaldo Cruz Institute, collected in Suriname in 1941, to investigate the <em>P. humanus</em> mitochondrial haplotypes that were circulating in that population at that time. Ancient DNA was extracted from adult lice specimens, and paleogenetic analysis was performed using PCR-Sanger sequencing targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome <em>b</em> (<em>cyt</em>b) gene. Our results identified sequences belonging to the cosmopolitan clade A, specifically the haplotype A17. A17 is the second largest cosmopolitan haplotype within clade A, with representatives found across all continents, but never found in South America. In 1941, Suriname, as part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, experienced various socio-political changes and movements of populations due to World War II. This finding reflects both the colonial activities of that time and the global conflicts influencing human migrations. Specimens housed in collections for many decades often exhibit degraded DNA due to preservation techniques being inappropriate for molecular studies, posing challenges for genetic analysis. Our findings highlight the importance of biological collections as valuable repositories of genetic information that can shed light on the past distributions and interactions of parasitic species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of the oriental cat flea, Ctenocephalides orientis, parasitizing goats based on nuclear and mitochondrial protein-coding genes","authors":"Muhammad Shair Zaman Ghauri ,&nbsp;Samiullah Soomro ,&nbsp;Apinya Arnuphapprasert ,&nbsp;Morakot Kaewthamasorn","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fleas are wingless ectoparasites that feed on the blood of warm-blooded animals and play a significant role as vectors of several medically and veterinary-relevant diseases. The oriental cat flea, <em>Ctenocephalides orientis</em>, is endemic to Asia and infests dogs more frequently than cats. However, its presence in small ruminants remains largely unexplored. Between January 2017 and October 2023, flea surveys were conducted on goat farms across seven different provinces in Thailand. Initially, flea specimens were identified using morphological keys and, subsequently, confirmed through molecular analysis of the mitochondrial genes cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit 1 (<em>cox</em>1, 450 bp) and cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit 2 (<em>cox</em>2, 678 bp), the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1, 828 bp) and the elongation factor-1 alpha (<em>EF-1α</em>, 904 bp) gene. In addition to characterizing these markers, the mitochondrial genome, including all protein-coding genes (PCGs), was amplified, analyzed, and subjected to comparative analyses. Among 500 goats examined, 33 (6.6%) were infested with fleas, which belonged to only one species, <em>C. orientis</em>. Pairwise genetic distance analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction strongly supported the placement of <em>C. orientis</em> within a distinct clade, consistent with the reference sequences. Of the four genetic markers analyzed, <em>EF-1α</em> exhibited the highest diversity. The partial mitochondrial genome of <em>C. orientalis</em> (14,315 bp) encoding 34 genes, including 13 PCGs, 19 transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA genes, was sequenced. Phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses based on multiple molecular markers and the mitochondrial genome revealed a close evolutionary relationship between <em>C. orientis</em> and <em>C. canis</em>. These findings confirmed that <em>C. orientis</em> is not only restricted to companion animals but also infests goats, suggesting its potential role in disease transmission to other animals. Furthermore, the study findings provide a dataset of both nuclear and mitochondrial molecular markers, which would facilitate future research on the taxonomy, phylogeny, and evolutionary relationships of fleas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culicoides insignis in Ecuador: Molecular identification of blood meals and detection of bluetongue virus","authors":"Juan D. Mosquera ,&nbsp;Sonia Zapata ,&nbsp;Denis Augot","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an <em>Orbivirus</em> transmitted by <em>Culicoides</em> biting midges and is the causative agent of bluetongue disease in wild and domestic ruminants. <em>Culicoides insignis</em> is the primary vector of BTV in Florida, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America. In Ecuador, recent investigations have reported the presence of BTV in cattle and identified <em>C. insignis</em> as the dominant species in localities from the Amazon Basin and Andean foothills. Understanding the host-feeding patterns of blood-feeding insects and evaluating their role in pathogen transmission are essential for elucidating the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases. To that end, we investigated the presence of BTV in unengorged <em>C. insignis</em> females collected in two localities: Cotundo, where BTV had previously been reported in cattle, and Paraiso Escondido located near (∼35 km) a site with a known history of BTV circulation. A total of 1773 female <em>Culicoides</em> spp. specimens were collected, of which 326 (18.38 %) were <em>C. insignis</em>. We identified the blood meal sources of engorged <em>C. insignis</em> females from both localities. Our results provide additional evidence to support the role of <em>C. insignis</em> as vector of BTV in Ecuador.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of intestinal parasites in owned and shelter cats in Slovakia and felines from Slovak Zoos: A three-year survey with special focus on Toxoplasma gondii","authors":"Daniela Antolová ,&nbsp;Daniela Valentová ,&nbsp;Katarína Strišková ,&nbsp;Dominik Kaňuk","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cats are among the most popular pets and can be infested with various intestinal parasites, including those with zoonotic character. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in owned cats, shelter cats, and felines housed in three Zoos in Slovakia, with special focus on <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em>. Between January 2022 and December 2024, a total of 2261 cats from different areas of the Bratislava region and 80 animals of various feline species from three Zoos situated in Bratislava, Trnava and Banská Bystrica regions were examined using coprological methods. The presence of <em>T. gondii</em> was further confirmed by PCR-based techniques. Intestinal parasites were recorded in 30.6% of the animals, with shelter cats showing a significantly higher prevalence (40.3%) compared to owned cats (29.5%). The most frequently identified parasite was <em>Toxocara cati</em> (13.6%), followed by <em>Giardia</em> spp. (11.9%), <em>Cystoisospora felis</em> (7.2%), and C<em>. rivolta</em> (4.2%). <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> oocysts were confirmed in 0.4% of the animals. Among 80 Zoo felines representing 11 different species, only <em>T. cati</em> and <em>Toxascaris leonina</em> were detected, with 21 animals (26.3%) testing positive. A statistically significant difference was found between the two species, with 8.8% of animals being positive for <em>T. cati</em> and 23.8% positive for <em>T. leonina.</em> The results confirmed the presence of intestinal parasites in owned and stray cats, as well as the Zoo felines in Slovakia. It underlines the importance of regular parasite control and appropriate treatment to protect both animal and public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from Honduras in the malaria elimination phase","authors":"Alejandro Zamora ,&nbsp;Alejandra Pinto ,&nbsp;Denis Escobar ,&nbsp;Hugo O. Valdivia ,&nbsp;Lesly Chaver ,&nbsp;Gloria Ardón ,&nbsp;Erick Carranza ,&nbsp;Gustavo Fontecha","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malaria continues to be a major threat to public health in tropical regions, primarily affecting sub-Saharan Africa but also Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America. Malaria cases in Honduras have seen a significant decline and the country aims to eliminate the disease by 2030. This study examines the genetic diversity of <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> and <em>Plasmodium vivax</em> in Honduras using four molecular markers (<em>Pfama1</em>, <em>Pfglurp</em>, <em>Pvmsp3α</em>, and <em>Pvmsp3β</em>), and the chloroquine resistance marker <em>pfcrt</em> in the context of the elimination phase. Our findings indicate that <em>P. falciparum</em> populations in Honduras are more homogeneous compared to <em>P. vivax</em>. The multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach, using four loci from <em>Pvmsp3α</em> and <em>Pvmsp3β</em>, proved more effective in assessing the genetic diversity of <em>P. vivax</em> than individual marker analyses. No geographical clustering was observed for <em>P. vivax</em> haplotypes, either within Honduras or globally. In Honduras, <em>P. falciparum</em> appears to be under more effective control, while <em>P. vivax</em> presents a greater challenge due to its higher genetic diversity. This requires enhanced surveillance, targeted control strategies, and measures to prevent the reintroduction of variants. The isolates of <em>P. falciparum</em> also displayed a wild-type <em>Pfcrt</em> phenotype, suggesting susceptibility to chloroquine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ScannerVision: Scanner-based image acquisition of medically important arthropods for the development of computer vision and deep learning models","authors":"Song-Quan Ong ,&nbsp;Nathan Pinoy ,&nbsp;Min Hui Lim ,&nbsp;Kim Bjerge ,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo ,&nbsp;Rob Lind ,&nbsp;Jordan P. Cuff ,&nbsp;Samantha M. Cook ,&nbsp;Toke Thomas Høye","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Computer vision methods offer great potential for rapid image-based identification of medically important arthropod specimens. However, imaging large numbers of specimens is time consuming, and it is difficult to achieve the high image quality required for machine learning models. Conventional imaging methods for identifying and digitizing arthropods, such as insects and spiders, use a stereomicroscope or macro lenses with a camera. This method is challenging due to the narrow field of view, especially when large numbers of arthropods need to be processed. In this paper, we present a high-throughput scanner-based method for capturing images of arthropods that can be used to generate large datasets suitable for training machine learning algorithms for identification. We demonstrate the ability of this approach to image arthropod samples collected with different sampling methods, such as sticky traps (unbaited, in different colors), baited mosquito traps as used by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and BioGents-Sentinel (BGS), and UV light traps with a sticky pad. Using different strategies to place the arthropods on a charge-coupled device (CCD) flatbed scanner and optimized settings that balance processing time and image quality, we captured high-resolution images of various arthropods and obtained morphological details with resolution and magnification similar to a stereomicroscope. We validate the method by comparing the performance of three different deep learning models (InceptionV3, ResNet and MobileNetV2) on two different datasets, namely the scanned images from this study and the images captured with a camera of a stereomicroscope. The results show that the performance of the models trained on the two datasets is not significantly different, indicating that the quality of the scanned images is comparable to that of a stereomicroscope.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling hidden threats: Molecular surveillance of bacterial and protozoan infections in Asian water monitors (Varanus salvator) at Thailand’s Khao-zon Wildlife Breeding Station","authors":"Witchuta Junsiri ,&nbsp;Jitkamol Thanasak ,&nbsp;Tawewan Issarankura Na Ayudhaya ,&nbsp;Somjit Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan ,&nbsp;Piyanan Taweethavonsawat","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Asian water monitors (<em>Varanus salvator</em>) are often exposed to harmful microorganisms such as species of <em>Hepatozoon</em>, <em>Anaplasma</em>, <em>Rickettsia</em>, and <em>Borrelia</em>. These pathogens pose significant risks to wildlife and public health. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence and genetic diversity of pathogenic microorganisms in <em>V. salvator</em> from the Khao-zon Wildlife Breeding Station, Ratchaburi, Thailand. Sixteen <em>V. salvator</em> were collected, and thin blood smears and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays of the DNA isolated from blood were used to identify infections. Blood smear analysis revealed two positive samples (2/16; 12.5%) for <em>Hepatozoon</em> sp. PCR results confirmed the presence of <em>Hepatozoon</em> sp. (6/16; 37.5%), <em>Anaplasma</em> sp. (3/16; 18.75%), <em>Rickettsia</em> sp. (2/16; 12.5%), <em>Borrelia</em> sp. (4/16; 25.0%) and <em>Burkholderia</em> sp. (1/16; 6.25%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed 99.86% similarity of <em>Hepatozoon</em> sp. sequences with <em>Hepatozoon ophisauri</em> (GenBank: MN723845) in <em>Pseudopus apodus</em> from Iran, whereas the <em>gltA</em> gene of <em>Rickettsia</em> sp. was closely related to <em>Rickettsia conorii raoultii</em> (GenBank: MF002515) in <em>Dermacentor nuttalli</em> from China. This study represents the first detection of the five pathogens in <em>V. salvator</em> from Thailand and provides valuable insights into the genetic diversity of these microorganisms. Our findings suggest that <em>V. salvator</em> may serve as reservoir for multiple pathogens, posing potential threats to both wildlife and humans. The presence of zoonotic agents such as <em>Rickettsia</em> spp., <em>Anaplasma</em> spp., and <em>Borrelia</em> spp. underscores the importance of continued surveillance in wildlife populations to mitigate the risk of emerging infectious diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel zoonotic Enterocytozoon and Encephalitozoon genotypes in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) in Iran: Public health implications","authors":"Alireza Sazmand ,&nbsp;Monireh Khordadmehr ,&nbsp;Zuhal Önder ,&nbsp;Ahmad Oryan ,&nbsp;Farinaz Jigari-Asl ,&nbsp;Farzad Katiraee ,&nbsp;Mehdi Namavari ,&nbsp;Zahra Bahiraei ,&nbsp;Andrew Hemphill ,&nbsp;Domenico Otranto","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To determine the occurrence of microsporidiosis in domestic pigeons in Iran, privately-owned pigeons presenting weight loss and diarrhea were tested through molecular and histopathological methods. Multiplex-PCR findings showed 57%, 30%, and 14% positivity for <em>Enterocytozoon</em>, <em>Encephalitozoon</em>, and mixed infection in the fecal samples, respectively. A novel <em>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</em> genotype, named IrnEb1, falling into zoonotic group 1 of <em>E. bieneusi</em>, and a novel genotype of <em>Encephalitozoon hellem</em>, named Irn2E, clustering as a sister taxon to genotype 2B were identified in pigeons for the first time using Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. Histopathological examination revealed the occurrence of non-suppurative enteritis, nephritis, pneumonia, hepatitis, and encephalitis associated with focal necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Data shown herein present a high prevalence of microsporidiosis in pigeons in Iran. Considering that both detected microsporidian species are zoonotic parasites, these findings suggest that the infected pigeons could pose a risk to public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal dynamics, resting behaviour and insecticide susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes across two differentially malaria-endemic regions in Ethiopia","authors":"Delelegn Woyessa ,&nbsp;Delenasaw Yewhalaw","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Information on bionomics of <em>Anopheles</em> species composition, seasonal dynamics and insecticide susceptibility status is important to understand malaria transmission in any particular eco-epidemiological setting and for the design of effective vector control strategies. Here, adult mosquitoes were collected using CDC light traps (CDC LTs) and human landing catches (HLC) for 17 months between June 2018 and September 2020 from Lare District of Ethiopia. Larvae and pupae of anopheline mosquitoes were collected from breeding sites of Lare District and Jimma and reared to adulthood. Bioassays were conducted on non-blood-fed, 3–5-day-old emerged adult female mosquitoes using WHO insecticide-impregnated papers. <em>Plasmodium</em> spp. infection in <em>Anopheles pharoensis</em> and <em>An. coustani</em> were identified using TaqMan qPCR. Of 11,048 <em>Anopheles</em> mosquitoes collected, <em>An. coustani</em> was the most common (46.20%, <em>n</em> = 5103), followed by <em>An. pharoensis</em> (27.89%, <em>n</em> = 3082), <em>An. gambiae</em> (<em>s.l.</em>) (16.04%, <em>n</em> = 1772) and <em>An. funestus</em> (9.88%, <em>n</em> = 1091). Most of the mosquitoes (73.17%, <em>n</em> = 8084) were collected using CDC LTs and 26.83% (<em>n</em> = 2964) were captured using HLC. The mean density of <em>An. gambiae</em>, <em>An. pharoensis</em> and <em>An. coustani</em> was generally higher in June-November as compared to other months during the study period. However, the mean density of <em>An. funestus</em> was relatively higher through November-January following the peak malaria period in Lare. <em>Anopheles pharoensis</em>, <em>An. gambiae</em> (<em>s.l</em>.) and <em>An. coustani</em> complex were susceptible to pirimiphos-methyl, propoxur and bendiocarb. However, <em>An. pharoensis</em> and <em>An. gambiae</em> (<em>s.l.</em>) were resistant to DDT, deltamethrin, permethrin and malathion, whilst members of the <em>An. coustani</em> complex were resistant to DDT and deltamethrin. No <em>Plasmodium</em> spp. infection was detected from samples of <em>Anopheles coustani</em> and <em>An. pharoensis</em>. There was temporal variation in mean density of <em>Anopheles</em> mosquitoes and higher mean mosquito density was recorded during June-November (except for <em>An. funestus</em>). The higher outdoor mean mosquito density coupled with multiple insecticide resistance of malaria vector populations and occurrence of <em>An. funestus</em> in the dry season call for regular monitoring and intervention considering the behavioural dynamics of <em>Anopheles</em> species across seasons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}