Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases最新文献

{"title":"An update on the phylogeny of capillariid nematodes based on 18S rDNA sequences of Amphibiocapillaria tritonispunctati (Diesing, 1851) and four other species","authors":"Roman Svitin ,&nbsp;Yaroslav Syrota ,&nbsp;Yuriy Kuzmin ,&nbsp;Valeriia Dupak ,&nbsp;Oksana Nekrasova ,&nbsp;Oleksii Marushchak ,&nbsp;Kateryna Antipova ,&nbsp;Oksana Greben ,&nbsp;Zuzana Hurníková ,&nbsp;Nataliia Brusentsova ,&nbsp;Martina Miterpáková","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nematode family Capillariidae represents a taxonomically complex and understudied group of parasitic nematodes infecting a broad range of vertebrate hosts. Despite more than 300 described species, phylogenetic relationships within the family remain unresolved due to limited molecular data and ongoing taxonomic revisions. In this study, we generated new sequences of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene for <em>Amphibiocapillaria tritonispunctati</em> from the Danube crested newt, <em>Triturus dobrogicus</em>, and four additional capillariid species (<em>Aonchotheca annulosa</em>, <em>Baruscapillaria inflexa</em>, <em>Eucoleus</em> sp. 1 from the common starling <em>Sturnus vulgaris</em>, and <em>Eucoleus</em> sp. 2 from the black-headed gull <em>Chroicocephalus ridibundus</em>) from birds and rodents, expanding the molecular dataset for the group. Phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood methods revealed <em>A. tritonispunctati</em> as the earliest-diverging lineage within the Capillariidae, suggesting deep evolutionary divergence. Our results also supported the monophyly of <em>Eucoleus</em> and <em>Capillaria</em> and confirmed the distinctness of <em>Baruscapillaria</em>. Morphological examination of <em>A. tritonispunctati</em> corroborated its identification and highlighted the weight of diagnostic characters of the genus <em>Amphibiocapillaria</em>. Our findings underscore the need for broader molecular sampling and integrative taxonomy to clarify capillariid systematics and host-parasite relationships, particularly among nematodes from cold-blooded vertebrates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dibothriocephalosis in salmonids from Iceland: A more complex taxonomic problem than assumed until now?","authors":"Lucia Dinisová ,&nbsp;Eva Čisovská Bazsalovicsová ,&nbsp;Karl Skírnisson ,&nbsp;Ivica Králová-Hromadová","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diphyllobothriid tapeworm <em>Dibothriocephalus ditremus</em>, one of the three <em>Dibothriocephalus</em> species native to Europe, parasitises exclusively piscivorous birds and has not yet been detected in mammals. This is probably the reason why there is much less molecular data on this tapeworm. The aim of our study was to determine the genetic structure of the <em>D. ditremus</em> populations from Europe, namely Iceland, for the first time. To exclude any possible misidentifications between sympatrically occurring <em>D. ditremus</em> and <em>D. dendriticus</em>, <em>D. dendriticus</em> from Iceland was also analysed. Great genetic diversity of <em>D. ditremus</em>, displayed by a large number of cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit 1 (<em>cox</em>1) haplotypes and three distant clusters, contrasted sharply with the lower genetic variation in <em>D. dendriticus.</em> Previously published <em>cox</em>1 sequences of <em>D. ditremus</em> from different localities in Europe (UK - Scotland), Asia (Russia and Japan) and North America (USA - Oregon) were also included in the analysis in order to determine the genetic architecture of <em>D. ditremus</em> at a broader geographical scale. While the sequences of tapeworms from Scotland and Russia were placed in <em>D. ditremus</em> Clusters 2 and 3, the sample from USA (Oregon) displayed a unique position distant from the Icelandic tapeworms. Japanese samples of <em>D. ditremus</em> and <em>Diphyllobothrium hottai</em> formed a common clade, indicating their conspecificity. The unexpected output of the analysis was a unique position of the currently detected Haplotype 31 of a tapeworm from Iceland, which was distant from all other <em>D. ditremus</em> individuals from Iceland, but showed close relationships with the Japanese <em>D. ditremus</em>/<em>D. hottai</em> cluster. Further studies are needed to reveal if <em>D. ditremus</em> represent a complex of genetically diversified populations, or more species occur in salmonids in the Northern Hemisphere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of recent Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum gp60 subtypes","authors":"Deborah B. Oladele ,&nbsp;Martin Swain ,&nbsp;Guy Robinson ,&nbsp;Amanda Clare ,&nbsp;Rachel M. Chalmers","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. are known to cause gastroenteritis (cryptosporidiosis) in numerous hosts, including humans. Understanding the diversity within this genus of parasites requires accurate subtyping, which is frequently performed by sequencing part of the <em>gp60</em> (60-kDa glycoprotein) gene. This literature review examines <em>Cryptosporidium hominis</em> and <em>Cryptosporidium parvum gp60</em> subtypes reported between December 2018 and January 2024 in humans, livestock, and non-human primates (NHPs). The review highlights emerging trends in the subtypes reported and reveals the shifting dominance of subtype families, which can be influenced by factors such as anthroponotic interactions. The <em>C. parvum</em> IIa and IId families remain major contributors to infections across a variety of hosts, with recent reports indicating the continued emergence of the IId family. Furthermore, previously established and newly reported subtypes detected in NHPs highlight the potential for genetic recombination between human-adapted and NHP-adapted subtypes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors contributing to mosquito-borne disease: A systematic review in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region","authors":"Abdullah Al-Manji ,&nbsp;Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda ,&nbsp;Rawaa Abubakr Abuelgassim Eltayib ,&nbsp;Mohammed Al-Azri ,&nbsp;Moon Fai Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mosquitoes can carry and spread many diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. All these mosquito-borne diseases (MBD) represent a significant global burden of infectious diseases, including morbidity and mortality. This systematic review delves into the multifaceted factors contributing to the spread of MBD in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Following PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed peer-reviewed English-language observational and experimental studies published between May 1990 and January 2023, focusing on the interaction between population, environmental, disease, and mosquito factors in MBD. The review includes 32 studies (30 articles) that revealed a complex relationship between various risk factors and the presence of MBD. The review distinguishes between seroprevalence studies, which assess exposure to infection in asymptomatic populations, and overt disease studies, which focus on symptomatic cases and the host-specific factors that affect disease severity. It identifies key risk factors such as age, geography, gender, professional occupation, and socio-economic status, noting their varying impacts on disease transmission and progression across different MBDs. Environmental factors such as climate, mosquito breeding habitats, and urbanization are also reported as significant drivers of vector distribution and human-vector interactions. The review emphasizes the need for tailored, region-specific interventions to control MBD in the MENA region and highlights the importance of integrated vector control, improved sanitation, surveillance programmes, and public health education. The review also stresses the growing influence of climate change on disease patterns and calls for a multi-sectoral approach to MBD control. While focusing on the MENA region, the findings suggest the need for further research and region-specific public health policies to mitigate the impact of these diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culicoides insignis in Ecuador: Molecular identification of blood meals and detection of bluetongue virus","authors":"Juan D. Mosquera ,&nbsp;Sonia Zapata ,&nbsp;Denis Augot","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an <em>Orbivirus</em> transmitted by <em>Culicoides</em> biting midges and is the causative agent of bluetongue disease in wild and domestic ruminants. <em>Culicoides insignis</em> is the primary vector of BTV in Florida, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America. In Ecuador, recent investigations have reported the presence of BTV in cattle and identified <em>C. insignis</em> as the dominant species in localities from the Amazon Basin and Andean foothills. Understanding the host-feeding patterns of blood-feeding insects and evaluating their role in pathogen transmission are essential for elucidating the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases. To that end, we investigated the presence of BTV in unengorged <em>C. insignis</em> females collected in two localities: Cotundo, where BTV had previously been reported in cattle, and Paraiso Escondido located near (∼35 km) a site with a known history of BTV circulation. A total of 1773 female <em>Culicoides</em> spp. specimens were collected, of which 326 (18.38 %) were <em>C. insignis</em>. We identified the blood meal sources of engorged <em>C. insignis</em> females from both localities. Our results provide additional evidence to support the role of <em>C. insignis</em> as vector of BTV in Ecuador.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of the oriental cat flea, Ctenocephalides orientis, parasitizing goats based on nuclear and mitochondrial protein-coding genes","authors":"Muhammad Shair Zaman Ghauri ,&nbsp;Samiullah Soomro ,&nbsp;Apinya Arnuphapprasert ,&nbsp;Morakot Kaewthamasorn","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fleas are wingless ectoparasites that feed on the blood of warm-blooded animals and play a significant role as vectors of several medically and veterinary-relevant diseases. The oriental cat flea, <em>Ctenocephalides orientis</em>, is endemic to Asia and infests dogs more frequently than cats. However, its presence in small ruminants remains largely unexplored. Between January 2017 and October 2023, flea surveys were conducted on goat farms across seven different provinces in Thailand. Initially, flea specimens were identified using morphological keys and, subsequently, confirmed through molecular analysis of the mitochondrial genes cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit 1 (<em>cox</em>1, 450 bp) and cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit 2 (<em>cox</em>2, 678 bp), the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1, 828 bp) and the elongation factor-1 alpha (<em>EF-1α</em>, 904 bp) gene. In addition to characterizing these markers, the mitochondrial genome, including all protein-coding genes (PCGs), was amplified, analyzed, and subjected to comparative analyses. Among 500 goats examined, 33 (6.6%) were infested with fleas, which belonged to only one species, <em>C. orientis</em>. Pairwise genetic distance analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction strongly supported the placement of <em>C. orientis</em> within a distinct clade, consistent with the reference sequences. Of the four genetic markers analyzed, <em>EF-1α</em> exhibited the highest diversity. The partial mitochondrial genome of <em>C. orientalis</em> (14,315 bp) encoding 34 genes, including 13 PCGs, 19 transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA genes, was sequenced. Phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses based on multiple molecular markers and the mitochondrial genome revealed a close evolutionary relationship between <em>C. orientis</em> and <em>C. canis</em>. These findings confirmed that <em>C. orientis</em> is not only restricted to companion animals but also infests goats, suggesting its potential role in disease transmission to other animals. Furthermore, the study findings provide a dataset of both nuclear and mitochondrial molecular markers, which would facilitate future research on the taxonomy, phylogeny, and evolutionary relationships of fleas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mating system of Biomphalaria sudanica, a vector of Schistosoma mansoni","authors":"Jenessa Olson ,&nbsp;Tom Pennance ,&nbsp;Johannie M. Spaan ,&nbsp;Maurice R. Odiere ,&nbsp;Jacob A. Tennessen ,&nbsp;Michelle L. Steinauer","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Biomphalaria</em> snails are intermediate hosts for schistosome parasites, which cause morbidity and mortality in humans worldwide. We aimed to determine the mating system of <em>Biomphalaria sudanica</em>, a hermaphroditic vector of schistosomiasis in the African Great Lakes, with the goal of informing the design of genetic studies such as linkage mapping to improve genome assembly and genetic association studies to identify snail resistance genes. To determine the relative rates of outcrossing <em>versus</em> selfing, we assayed the progeny of experimental crosses of snails in the laboratory using a PCR and restriction enzyme digest to determine snail genotype and parentage. Out of 7 experimental crosses and 56 total offspring assayed, 100% were derived from outcrossing rather than inbreeding. These results indicate that <em>B. sudanica</em> is primarily an outcrossing species, although previous work has shown that this species retains the capability of self-fertilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of intestinal parasites in owned and shelter cats in Slovakia and felines from Slovak Zoos: A three-year survey with special focus on Toxoplasma gondii","authors":"Daniela Antolová ,&nbsp;Daniela Valentová ,&nbsp;Katarína Strišková ,&nbsp;Dominik Kaňuk","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cats are among the most popular pets and can be infested with various intestinal parasites, including those with zoonotic character. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in owned cats, shelter cats, and felines housed in three Zoos in Slovakia, with special focus on <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em>. Between January 2022 and December 2024, a total of 2261 cats from different areas of the Bratislava region and 80 animals of various feline species from three Zoos situated in Bratislava, Trnava and Banská Bystrica regions were examined using coprological methods. The presence of <em>T. gondii</em> was further confirmed by PCR-based techniques. Intestinal parasites were recorded in 30.6% of the animals, with shelter cats showing a significantly higher prevalence (40.3%) compared to owned cats (29.5%). The most frequently identified parasite was <em>Toxocara cati</em> (13.6%), followed by <em>Giardia</em> spp. (11.9%), <em>Cystoisospora felis</em> (7.2%), and C<em>. rivolta</em> (4.2%). <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> oocysts were confirmed in 0.4% of the animals. Among 80 Zoo felines representing 11 different species, only <em>T. cati</em> and <em>Toxascaris leonina</em> were detected, with 21 animals (26.3%) testing positive. A statistically significant difference was found between the two species, with 8.8% of animals being positive for <em>T. cati</em> and 23.8% positive for <em>T. leonina.</em> The results confirmed the presence of intestinal parasites in owned and stray cats, as well as the Zoo felines in Slovakia. It underlines the importance of regular parasite control and appropriate treatment to protect both animal and public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal distribution and cercarial shedding of Bulinus spp. snails: Implications for urogenital schistosomiasis control in the Simiyu Region, northwestern Tanzania","authors":"Nyanda C. Justine ,&nbsp;Humphrey D. Mazigo ,&nbsp;Antje Fuss ,&nbsp;Bonnie L. Webster ,&nbsp;Eveline T. Konje ,&nbsp;Klaus Brehm ,&nbsp;Andreas Mueller","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urogenital schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of significant public health concern caused by the trematode species <em>Schistosoma haematobium</em>. Its transmission is localised and heterogeneous, with seasonal occurrences in Tanzania primarily facilitated by <em>Bulinus</em> spp. snails, which serve as intermediate hosts. To plan effective, data-driven control measures, it is crucial to understand the epidemiology of schistosomes in these snails. This study aimed to investigate the seasonal distribution, abundance, and <em>Schistosoma</em> spp. infections (assessed <em>via</em> cercarial emergence) in <em>Bulinus</em> spp. snails in two districts, Maswa and Meatu, in the Simiyu Region of Tanzania. Malacological surveys were conducted at 90 sites in total, comprising sites in 35 rivers, 32 ponds, and 23 branching streams. Each study site was sampled once during the rainy season and once during the dry season. Snails were collected using a standard scoop- and handpicking technique by two people for 15 min at each site. The collected snails were morphologically identified and subjected to a cercarial emergence experiment. Water physicochemical characteristics were recorded simultaneously with snail collection using a portable multiparameter water meter. The data were analysed using STATA v. 17. A total of 4997 <em>Bulinus</em> spp<em>.</em> snails were collected from 90 sites in the two districts. Of these, 91.4% (95% CI: 90.5–92.1%) were morphologically identified as <em>Bulinus nasutus</em> and 8.6% (95% CI: 7.8–9.4%) were identified as <em>Bulinus globosus</em>. <em>Bulinus</em> spp. snail abundance was almost evenly distributed across seasons, with 50.4% (95% CI: 48.9–51.7%) collected during the dry season and 49.6% (95% CI: 48.2–51.0%) collected during the rainy season. Water temperature and salinity were significantly negatively correlated with snail abundance (both <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). <em>Schistosoma</em> spp. cercarial emergence followed a seasonal pattern and was significantly higher during the rainy season (<em>P</em> = 0.005). Our findings underscore that <em>B. nasutus</em> was the most abundant freshwater snail distributed at nearly all the study sites during the rainy and dry seasons. Therefore, appropriate snail control strategies are recommended to complement ongoing schistosomiasis control strategies in the Simiyu Region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico investigation and experimental validation of pistagremic acid isolated from Pistacia integerrima against Rhipicephalus microplus and Sarcoptes scabiei","authors":"Imtiaz Ahmad ,&nbsp;Rahaf Ajaj ,&nbsp;Abdur Rauf ,&nbsp;Adil Khan ,&nbsp;Nosheen Malak ,&nbsp;Saima Naz ,&nbsp;Zubair Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Rhipicephalus microplus</em> and <em>Sarcoptes scabiei</em> are major ectoparasites affecting both humans and animals, causing significant economic losses to the dairy and agricultural sectors. This study aimed to evaluate the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> efficacy of pistagremic acid (PA), a natural compound isolated from <em>Pistacia integerrima</em>, against these parasites. Different concentrations of the compound were tested using the adult immersion test (AIT) and larval packet test (LPT) to assess their <em>in vitro</em> effects on mites and various tick life stages. Molecular docking was conducted to examine the interactions of PA with glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) of <em>S. scabiei</em> and <em>R. microplus</em> proteins. The results demonstrated high <em>in vitro</em> acaricidal activity, with significant efficacy in both AIT and LPT assays. <em>In silico</em> studies identified PA as a key bioactive compound, showing strong binding interactions with <em>S. scabiei</em> GST (binding energy: 10.0 kcal/mol) compared to permethrin (−8.1 kcal/mol) and with <em>R. microplus</em> GST (docking score: 7.8 kcal/mol) compared to ivermectin (−8.3 kcal/mol). Overall, PA shows strong potential as a plant-derived alternative for managing tick and mite infestations, supporting its further exploration as a novel acaricidal agent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94311,"journal":{"name":"Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}