Current drug delivery最新文献

{"title":"Smart Stimuli-responsive Nanocarriers in Nanotechnology-based Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.","authors":"Soham Joshi, Ganesh Muleva, Laxmikant Borse, Kuldeep Vinchurkar, Sudarshan Singh","doi":"10.2174/0115672018429466251210070647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018429466251210070647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug resistance, systemic toxicity, and poor selectivity limit existing therapy for cancer, which continues to be one of the most urgent global health issues. Intelligent, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers that enable site-specific drug delivery, enhance bioavailability, and reduce adverse effects have been made possible by advances in nanotechnology. The foundations of nanomedicine are covered in this chapter, along with FDA-approved nanodrugs that have helped in clinical translation. Therapeutics can be delivered in a controlled, sustained, and co-delivered manner thanks to smart nanocarriers like liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, and carbon-based systems that are designed to react to both internal (pH, redox gradients, enzyme activity, hypoxia) and external (temperature, light, magnetic fields, ultrasound) stimuli. Stability, targeting, and imaging capabilities are enhanced by functional biomaterials, including biocompatible polymers (PEG, PLGA, chitosan) and inorganic components (gold, iron oxide, silica). Their theragnostic uses are emphasized, especially when combined with fluorescence, MRI, and PET imaging for real-time monitoring. Along with release mechanisms like the Enhanced Permeability and Retention effect, the chapter also examines the co-delivery of genes and medications. Stability in biological fluids, tumour heterogeneity, immunogenicity, and regulatory hurdles remain issues despite advancements. In precision oncology, new approaches such as biomimetic engineering, AI-assisted carrier design, and tailored nanomedicine present encouraging avenues for safer, patient-specific cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148140568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in dental Application of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements Modified with Nanoparticle Additives: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Fateme Eskandari, Seyedeh Sara Aghili, Bahar Asheghi, Sara Jalalvand, Amirreza Bazoonand, Seyed Mohammadparsa Mosaddad, Hussein Rahimi, Seyed Ali Mostafavi Moghaddam, Saeide Rahimi, Reza Sayyad Soufdoost, Seyed Ali Mosaddad, Ahmed Hussain, Hamid Tebyaniyan","doi":"10.2174/0115672018427912260127153828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018427912260127153828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs), such as mineral trioxide aggregate, are self-setting hydraulic cements and are among the commonly used endodontic materials due to their suitable sealing ability, marginal adaptation, and bioactivity. In this regard, efforts have been made to develop novel CSCs to improve their properties. Nanotechnology has left a significant impact on all scientific fields, and biomaterials are no exception. The higher surface-to-volume ratio of nanoparticles (NPs) and their cationic charge enhance their antibacterial activity by interacting with anionic bacterial cell surfaces. Incorporating NPs into CSCs can enhance their antibacterial, mechanical, and biological properties. The small size of nanoparticles increases surface area and reactivity, which can improve cement's overall performance, especially in combating bacteria and enhancing sealing. Inspired by the unique properties of nanoparticles, researchers have investigated the effects of incorporating various nanoparticles (e.g., silver NPs, hydroxyapatite NPs, and zinc oxide NPs) into CSCs to enhance their properties. Thus, this review focuses on attempts to improve CSCs by incorporating various nanoparticles. The antibacterial, physicochemical, and biological properties of CSCs after the addition of nanoparticles will be discussed. Further investigations are needed to clarify the unexplored aspects of incorporating nanoparticles into CSCs to enhance the properties of these endodontic materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148140500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Emerging Strategies and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Meenakshi Dhanawat, Garima, Pramila Chaubey, Bharat Bhushan, Kashish Wilson, Anjana Karunakaran Nair, Neeraj Mittal","doi":"10.2174/0115672018408670251204081113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018408670251204081113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of nanoparticles has led to several therapeutic approaches that address the drawbacks of traditional drug delivery, including poor transmembrane transport, short circulation times, insufficient stability and dissolution, and unfavorable toxicity. These nanosystems enhance bioavailability and reduce off-target toxicity through targeted delivery and controlled release. Recent advancements have led to the development of various nanocarriers, including polymeric nanoparticles, mesoporous nanoparticles, nanotubes, dendrimers, liposomes, metallic nanoparticles, nanomedicine, and synthetic nanostructures. These systems provide spatiotemporal regulation of drug release, reducing systemic exposure and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. In addition to traditional carriers, innovative approaches like stimuli-responsive nanomaterials, multifunctional systems, and theranostic platforms are advancing the field toward more intelligent, personalized therapies. These innovations include real-time monitoring, enhanced targeting, and synergistic treatment strategies that combine diagnostics with therapy. This review offers actionable guidance for researchers developing next-generation nanoparticle-based drug delivery platforms with enhanced clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomes in Retinal Diseases: A Bibliometric Analysis of Trends and Themes.","authors":"Jing Yuan","doi":"10.2174/0115672018423467260331183835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018423467260331183835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research on exosomes in retinal diseases has developed rapidly, but there is no clear summary of the overall publication pattern, core authors, and topics at different times. Using bibliometric methods to describe the trend of outputs, main research groups, and changing hotspots from 2009-2025.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched for English-language original research papers on exosomes and retinal diseases in Web of Science Core Collection (2009-2025). Bibliometrix (R), CiteSpace, and VOSviewer were utilised to quantify the annual output and citations, determine the leading countries, institutions, authors, and journals, construct the collaboration network, and keyword co-occurrence/bursts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 244 articles. More than half of the publications were from China, followed by the United States and Japan. Tianjin Medical University and Nanjing Medical University produced the most papers. Experimental Eye Research published the highest number of papers. Among all authors, Hu Zizhong and Xie Ping had the greatest impact on the dataset. Keyword mapping found five themes and showed that the focus of research has changed over time.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The five topics covered are as follows: (1) Mechanisms of exosome action; (2) Neuroprotection and regeneration; (3) Biomarkers and therapeutic applications; (4) Disease progression pathways; (5) Clinical translation and drug delivery. Recently, some work has gradually focused on exosome biogenesis, microRNA-related regulation, improved experimental models, and translational applications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Field conclusions are increasing and becoming increasingly related in different countries, institutions, and topics abroad. Analysis of the main contributors and focus movement; The focus has shifted from descriptive studies to mechanistic and translational research, and microRNArelated studies and exosome-based delivery strategies have become important directions for future retinal research.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147848371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical Delivery of Vorinostat-Loaded Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles Gel for the Treatment of Psoriasis.","authors":"Tarnjot Kaur, Nikita Hinge, Sudeep Pukale, Mukesh Nandave, Mohd Nazam Ansari, Jyoti Upadhyay","doi":"10.2174/0115672018428961260217153102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018428961260217153102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LLCs) are promising nanocarriers for topical drug delivery due to their ability to enhance bioavailability and reduce systemic side effects. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a vorinostat-loaded LLCs gel for the treatment of psoriasis, to improve skin drug retention, therapeutic efficacy, and patient compliance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Vorinostat-loaded LLCs were prepared using glycerol monooleate as the lipid phase and Poloxamer 407 as a stabilizer. The nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The LLCs were incorporated into a Carbopolbased gel and evaluated for in vitro drug release, skin permeation, and retention. In vivo efficacy was assessed in an imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model using PASI scoring, histopathology, and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LLCs showed a particle size of 236.6 ± 7.05 nm, PDI of 0.27 ± 0.04, zeta potential of - 17.42 ± 0.28 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 81.65 ± 1.12%. Incorporation into gel enhanced skin drug retention by fourfold compared to plain vorinostat gel. The gel demonstrated sustained drug release up to 72 h without a burst effect. In vivo, vorinostat LLCs gel (0.05%) significantly reduced PASI scores, normalized histological features, and decreased Ki-67 expression compared to plain gel and marketed formulation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The enhanced therapeutic efficacy is due to the skin-lipid interactions of LLCs and their inherent hydrating properties, which together promote improved skin penetration, prolonged drug retention within the skin layers, and restoration of the skin barrier. Reduced systemic absorption further minimizes potential adverse effects, while the topical route ensures targeted delivery directly to psoriatic lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vorinostat-loaded LLCs gel offers a stable, sustained-release, and skin-retentive formulation that significantly improves psoriasis treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147848404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodynamic Versus Sonodynamic Therapy In Vitro: Antimicrobial Activity of Liposomal Rose Bengal.","authors":"Omar Molina-Alejandre, Norma Angélica Villanueva-Martínez, María Guadalupe Nava-Arzaluz, Laura Abril Pérez-Carranza, Andrea Becerril-Osnaya, Gonzalo Hedain López-Mera, Raúl Dalí Cruz-Morales, Diego Sánchez-García, Ivette Martínez-Vieyra, Yolanda I Chirino, Octavio Ispanixtlahuatl-Meraz, Adriana Ganem-Rondero, Doris Cerecedo","doi":"10.2174/0115672018442090260408103550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018442090260408103550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the antimicrobial effect of Photodynamic (PT) and Sonodynamic Therapy (ST) applying Rose Bengal (RB) loaded in liposomes, intended for the treatment of skin infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Formulations with standard soy lecithin (TSRB) and water-soluble soy lecithin (TWRB) were prepared and characterized by: (i) FTIR-ATR and DSC, and measuring size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential; (ii) in vitro release and permeation tests, visualizing the distribution of RB in the skin by confocal laser microscopy; (iii) stability tests under different conditions; (iv) occlusion capacity tests; (v) determination of antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and (vi) cytotoxicity tests with HaCaT keratinocytes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both formulations exhibited encapsulation rates > 93% and particle sizes < 100 nm. TWRB was more stable, delaying RB release (12.8 % at 8h) and facilitating its penetration into the skin. MRSA was inhibited with PT and ST. P. aeruginosa was inhibited with TWRB/ST. Viability was >80% in HaCaT keratinocytes treated with TWRB/PT; however, acoustic cavitation caused significant cell detachment, precluding cytotoxicity assessment in ST assays.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>TWRB exhibited good technological and stability properties, capable of delaying RB release while enhancing its penetration into the skin. Although MRSA (Gram-positive) was inhibited, the most interesting results were obtained with P. aeruginosa (a Gram-negative bacterium, difficult to eradicate), as TWRB/ST completely inhibited it at a lower concentration than the RB solution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results, particularly with P. aeruginosa, provide a basis for further studies using this system.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147848353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Microneedle Technology for Targeted Therapy in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Neha Kanojia, Geeta Deswal, Ajmer Singh Grewal, Jatin Kumar, Komal Thapa, Anjna Sharma, Ameya Sharma, Divya Dheer, Vivek Puri, Lata Rani, Vishakha Saini","doi":"10.2174/0115672018425956260117232402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018425956260117232402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The fourth major cause of death worldwide is Neurodegenerative Diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The existing therapies have only a small effect on alleviating symptoms, mainly because the therapeutic agents are difficult to cross the bloodbrain barrier. The purpose of the review is to discuss the potential of microneedle-based transdermal delivery systems to improve the delivery of drugs to the central nervous system and thereby manage neurodegenerative diseases effectively.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The article summarizes and synthesizes the available literature that targets the strategies of microneedle-mediated drug delivery. The literature on the design, composition, pharmacokinetics, and mechanistic benefits of different microneedle platforms for surmounting central nervous system barriers was identified and thematically synthesized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microneedle systems have emerged as non-invasive delivery systems with the potential for localized and sustained drug delivery, overcoming the stratum corneum and the blood-brain barrier. Micro-needles can be used to deliver small molecules, peptides, and nanoparticles to the brain, thereby avoiding systemic side effects and enhancing drug bioavailability. Some of those designs include dissolving, coated, hollow, hydrogel-forming, and stimuli-responsive microneedles, which have been shown to target the brain and exhibit higher therapeutic efficiency in preclinical models.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Although technological advances have improved, the clinical translation of microneedlebased strategies remains limited. The future directions could include using microneedles with stem cell-based therapies, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, artificial intelligence-based delivery systems, and responsive release technology to facilitate customized treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Microneedle-based drug delivery systems are promising in overcoming the current limitations in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, a large-scale clinical validation is necessary to guarantee safety, efficacy, and scalability to be applied to real-life scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147848272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-Derived Nanostructured Drug Delivery Systems for Attenuating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: Raising Concerns, Recent Trends, and Comparative Advancements.","authors":"Madhukar Garg, Pallavi Bassi, Neeraj Mittal, Sandeep Kumar, Piyush Bansal, Neha Sharma, Athrv Arora, Sapna Kumari, Geeta Deswal, Ajmer Singh Grewal","doi":"10.2174/0115672018435704260121072844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018435704260121072844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) remains a major global health burden. Although conventional therapies are effective, they are often associated with systemic side effects, poor target specificity, and corticosteroid resistance. This study emphasizes the therapeutic potential of plant-derived bioactive compounds, when integrated into Nanostructured Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS), for improved COPD management. This is a narrative review based on a comprehensive literature search across major electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) up to July 2025. The analysis focused on phytochemicals with proven anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as well as on nanocarriers such as polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, and solid lipid nanoparticles, designed to enhance pulmonary targeting and delivery efficiency. Phytochemicals, including curcumin, baicalein, quercetin, berberine, and andrographolide, have shown remarkable efficacy in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in preclinical COPD models. However, their therapeutic utility is hindered by poor solubility and rapid metabolism. Integration into nanostructured carriers enhanced pulmonary accumulation by 3-6-fold, prolonged drug release up to 24-48 hours, and reduced dosing frequency by approximately 50%, while minimizing systemic toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147848435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanotechnology-Based on Natural Medicines: A Promising Alternative for Psoriasis Management.","authors":"Tianyi Wang, Dan Dai, Runxue Li, Linna Zhao, Hongmei Wang","doi":"10.2174/0115672018420091260407071454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018420091260407071454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis. Initially affecting the skin, it may also involve the nails and joints, often requiring lifelong medication. Despite recent advances in understanding its pathogenesis, the chronic and recurrent nature of psoriasis poses ongoing challenges for long-term drug management. While natural medicines offer higher safety profiles and fewer side effects compared to synthetic drugs, their development as clinical candidates for psoriasis is constrained by low bioavailability, limited solubility, poor permeability, and instability. For instance, specific nanocarriers have been shown to significantly improve therapeutic outcomes; curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (50 nm) demonstrated a 48.23±0.77% drug loading capacity with over 85% release within 72 hours, while hyaluronic acid-modified ethosomes increased skin retention by 2.3-fold compared to conventional formulations in preclinical models. This paper systematically reviews the structure and advantages of nanocarrier systems, including liposomes, nanoparticles, nanofibers, micelles, nanogels, and nanoemulsions. It focuses on the preparation, preclinical, and clinical progress of nanocarriers for key natural bioactive compounds, including resveratrol, curcumin, oleuropein, psoralen, natural oils, and complex natural mixtures. We aim to highlight the potential of nanotechnology-based on natural drugs as an alternative strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of psoriasis while reducing side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147848438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lansoprazole/β-Cyclodextrin-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks: Development, Characterization, and Anti-Ulcer Activity Evaluation on Rats.","authors":"Bader B Alsulays","doi":"10.2174/0115672018449532260409081159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018449532260409081159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gastric ulcers are among the most common diseases worldwide, affecting individuals of all ages and genders. Lansoprazole (LNS) is one of the first-choice treatments for ulcers. In this study, β-Cyclodextrin-based metal-organic frameworks (β-CD-MOFs), which have recently attracted attention for biomedical applications, were used as carriers for LNS to enhance its physicochemical properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>β-CD-MOF crystals were prepared, and LNS was successfully loaded into the crystals in the presence of MgO. Pure LNS and the formulation were characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and in vitro release studies. The anti-ulcer activity was evaluated in male Wistar albino rats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dissolution studies revealed that approximately 90% of LNS was released from the formulation within 60 minutes, and the formulation's color remained unchanged after exposure to light. The formulation demonstrated a significant reduction in mucosal erythema and mucosal surface lesions, as well as a higher percentage of ulcer index inhibition.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Loading of LNS into β-CD-MOF enhanced its release and photostability. In vivo studies suggest that the formulation has a potent anti-ulcerogenic capability comparable to that of LNS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>β-CD-MOF, a promising carrier in drug delivery, improves the properties of LNS and further enhances its anti-ulcer activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147848356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}