Current drug delivery最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing Transdermal Drug Delivery with Novasome Nanocarriers: A Quality by Design (QbD) Framework.","authors":"Prabhjot Kaur, Priyanka Kriplani","doi":"10.2174/0115672018367563250318083438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018367563250318083438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A revolutionary encapsulation-based drug delivery technique called novasome technology outperforms conventional liposome systems in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. It is comprised of free fatty acid, cholesterol, and surfactant, which combine to yield better vesicle properties for medication administration. Numerous research endeavors have examined the ideal blend of surfactant types, free fatty acids, and their proportions, along with the formulation elements that might substantially impact the vesicle properties. It has been shown that novasome technology may be used to deliver various drugs, such as vaccines, niflumic acid, zolmitriptan, and terconazole. To develop the most effective novasomal formulations with significant drug loading and nano-metric form, it is important to find the appropriate ratio between core components along with critical manufacturing process determinants. Understanding the interplay between these factors requires applying Quality by Design (QBD) in combination with Design of Experiments (DoE). These may be applied for both scale-up and lab-scale applications. This manuscript includes a detailed view of novasomes and the involvement of QBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision Drug Delivery to the Liver: A Nanoparticle Approach.","authors":"Krishna Yadav, Ajazuddin, Mukesh Sharma, Kushagra Nagori, Parag Jain, Sunita Minz, Manju Rawat Singh, Deependra Singh, Madhulika Pradhan","doi":"10.2174/0115672018350438250311045745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018350438250311045745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global burden of Chronic Liver Diseases (CLDs) is escalating, with increasing prevalence and mortality. Various conditions ranging from fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma are associated with conditions such as toxin accumulation, viral infections, and metabolic derangements. In this already difficult context, the emergence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and steatohepatitis complicated the picture even further. While there has been much advancement in medical research, there is currently no standard cure; hence, the best treatment options are limited, providing a rising need for new therapeutic approaches. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems represent a promising avenue, providing targeted delivery and enhanced therapeutic effectiveness. Nanosystems can protect therapeutic agents from degradation, evade rapid clearance mechanisms, and target drugs directly to a specific hepatic cell type. However, the complex architecture of the liver presents challenges for these therapies, including the need to precisely target individual cells and retain the stability of nanoparticles within the hepatic microenvironment. This review presents recent advances in nanoparticle and targeted ligands-based technologies. These technologies help to navigate barriers associated with similar therapies. As these challenges are addressed, nanotechnological advancements could potentially lead to a major revolution in the treatment of CLDs, paving the way for improved management strategies and providing new hope for affected individuals worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Antibiotic-Loaded PEGylated Xerogels of Acidified Chitosan for Periodontal Diseases.","authors":"Farjad Zafar, Muhammad Ali Sheraz, Syed Abid Ali, Maryam Riaz, Sofia Ahmed, Zubair Anwar","doi":"10.2174/0115672018377472250326061736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018377472250326061736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The primary aim of this study was to develop an effective treatment strategy for periodontal diseases that maximizes therapeutic effects while minimizing systemic adverse effects. Specifically, the study focused on creating a xerogel-based localized drug delivery system for the slow release of doxycycline hyclate (DH) to treat periodontal disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Xerogels were prepared using the solvent casting method, with the solvent being evaporated slowly at ambient conditions. The prepared DH xerogels underwent comprehensive characterization to assess their in-silico compatibility, pharmacokinetics, and physicochemical properties. The properties studied included drying time and rate, thickness, moisture content, swelling index, organoleptic properties, scanning electron microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, drug release and kinetics, and antibacterial activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In-silico studies demonstrated compatibility between the ingredients, indicating minimal adverse effects on the body. The analysis revealed hydrogen bonding between the drug and polymers, changing the drug's crystallization characteristics to an amorphous form. The release profiles of DH from the xerogels indicated a slow release, ranging from 29.42% to 66.30% over 10 hours, following the Hopfenberg model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that the formulated xerogels are well-suited for periodontal applications. The slow-release profile of DH from the xerogels offers a promising approach for localized treatment of periodontal disease, reducing the risk of systemic adverse effects. This data is valuable for dental practitioners and pharmaceutical formulators, providing a new avenue for enhancing periodontal disease treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactoferrin-Conjugated Nanocarriers for Transformative Strategies in Cancer Management: New Insights on Breast Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Rakesh Pahwa, Sanskriti Saini, Gulshan Sharma, Rohil Panwar, Hardeep Singh Tuli, Neeraj Mishra, Sukriti Vishwas, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, Gaurav Gupta, Harish Dureja, Sachin Kumar Singh","doi":"10.2174/0115672018351146250307083901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018351146250307083901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer represents a diverse and complex spectrum of diseases characterized by the abnormal growth and proliferation of cells, establishing a formidable global health challenge. Within the array of diverse cancers, breast cancer arises as one of the primary contributors to cancer-related fatalities in females. Breast cysts, thickenings, alterations in breast size or form, etc., are all prevalent and well-known signs of breast cancer. Despite remarkable progression in cancer research and the abundance of potent drugs, the effectiveness of conventional therapy is still hindered by various complications. In this avenue, nanocarriers present considerable promise for delivering therapeutics to cancerous cells, however, still numerous challenges persist in achieving successful targeted drug delivery and localization. Recent progress has emphasized the utilization of ligand-functionalized nanocarriers to enhance the delivery at target tissues and improve uptake by cancer cells. This approach contributes to increased accuracy and efficacy, which ultimately leads to enhanced patient outcomes. Lactoferrin, a multifunctional glycoprotein, is currently receiving significant attention as a promising ligand for targeted drug delivery in cancerous cells, especially breast cancer cells. This review provides new insight into ligand-targeted therapy, emphasizing the key benefits and notable features of utilizing lactoferrin as a targeting ligand for delivering drug-loaded nanocarriers to tumor sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spray-Dried Inhalable Favipiravir Dry Powder Formulation for Influenza Therapy: Preparation and In vivo Evaluation.","authors":"Xinyu Zhang, Baogang Wang, Likun Xu, Liangliang Zhao, Lili Zhang, Zhuchun Bei, Dongna Zhang, Dongsheng Zhou, Meng Lv, Yabin Song","doi":"10.2174/0115672018351326250306040551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018351326250306040551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Influenza, a seasonal infectious disease, has consistently posed a formidable challenge to global health in recent years. Favipiravir, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor, serves as an anti-influenza medication, currently administered solely in oral form for clinical use. However, achieving an effective therapeutic outcome often necessitates high oral doses, which can be accompanied by adverse effects and suboptimal patient adherence.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To enhance favipiravir delivery efficiency and potentially mitigate dosage-related side effects, this study aimed to formulate favipiravir as a dry powder for pulmonary inhalation, facilitating direct targeting of lung tissue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Employing L-leucine as a carrier, favipiravir was prepared as an inhalable dry powder through the spray-drying technique. A 3x3 full-factorial design approach was adopted to optimize the formulation. The optimized spray-dried powder underwent comprehensive characterization, including assessments of its morphology, crystallinity, flowability, and aerodynamic particle size distribution. The therapeutic efficacy of the powder was evaluated in a mouse model infected with the H1N1 influenza virus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The formulated powder demonstrated good aerosol properties, rendering it suitable for inhalation delivery. Its therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated in the mouse model, where it exhibited marked protective effects against the virus in vivo after 5 days of treatment. Notably, the inhalation dose required (15 mg/kg/day) was significantly lower than the oral gavage dose (150 mg/kg/day), indicating that substantially reduced doses, when administered via inhalation, were sufficient to confer protection against mortality in mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underscore the potential of inhalation therapy using spray-dried favipiravir powder as an effective and efficient treatment option for influenza, offering the promise of reduced dosing requirements and associated adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetic Brain-Targeted Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Brain Diseases.","authors":"Yaomin Tan, Ziyan Tang, Yizhi Zhang, Lina Du, Fan Jia","doi":"10.2174/0115672018373397250303050206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018373397250303050206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The blood-brain barrier (BBB) effectively blocks most drugs from entering the central nervous system, posing significant challenges to the treatment of brain diseases, such as cerebrovascular disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and brain tumors. In recent years, biomimetic braintargeted drug delivery systems (BBDDSs) have garnered substantial attention for their potential to overcome these obstacles. BBDDSs employ natural biological materials in combination with synthetic nanoparticles to create delivery systems that mimic endogenous biological processes, enabling the penetration of the BBB and facilitating brain-targeting efficacy. This paper reviews the preparation of BBDDS using cell membranes, proteins, lipoproteins, peptides, nanovesicles, and viruses, introduces their applications in various diseases, and outlines current challenges and future prospects for the use of BBDDS in therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements and Challenges of Plant-derived Extracellular Vesicles in Anti-Cancer Strategies and Drug Delivery.","authors":"Fen Zhang, Xiao Liang, Hao Liu, Umer Anayyat, Zhuohang Yang, Xiaomei Wang","doi":"10.2174/0115672018367056250227074828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018367056250227074828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) are vital for intercellular material exchange and information transfer. They significantly regulate cellular functions, tissue repair, and self-defense mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review summarizes the formation pathways, composition, and potential applications of PDEVs in anti-tumor research and drug delivery systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a literature search using keywords such as \"plant-derived extracellular vesicles,\" \"exosomes,\" \"drug delivery,\" \"isolation and purification,\" \"stability,\" \"anti-tumor,\" and \"tumor therapy\" in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. We examined studies on the formation pathways of PDEVs, including fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane, exosome-positive organelles, and vacuole release. We also reviewed isolation and purification techniques critical for studying their biological functions. Furthermore, we analyzed research on the application of PDEVs in cancer therapy, focusing on their inhibitory effects in various cancer models and their role as carriers in drug delivery systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PDEVs have demonstrated potential in anti-tumor research, particularly with vesicles from plants like tea, garlic, and Artemisia annua showing inhibitory effects in breast, lung, and gastric cancer models. Additionally, PDEVs serve as effective carriers in drug delivery systems, offering possibilities for developing ideal therapeutic solutions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While PDEVs show promise in cancer treatment and drug delivery, challenges such as standardization, storage stability, and elucidation of action mechanisms remain. Further research is needed to overcome these challenges and advance the clinical translation of PDEVs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanophase: An Effective Dispersion System for the Decoction of Kushen Huaihua for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis.","authors":"Jingrui Liu, Haixia Tang, Liansheng Yang, Haibo Wang, Xiuyan Li, Zhixin Yang","doi":"10.2174/0115672018351982250224062652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018351982250224062652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In traditional Chinese medicine, the decoction turns into a complex multiphase system following exposure to high temperatures and a complex chemical environment. However, the effective dispersion system of the decoction of Kushen Huaihua (DKH) for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) has yet to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DKH was separated into precipitated phase (DKH-P), nanophase (DKH-N), and solution phase (DKH-S) according to the particle size by ultracentrifugation dialysis, and the physicochemical properties of each phase group, such as particle size, morphology, chemical composition, and content, were analysed by TEM and HPLC. The anti-UC effects of the different phases were evaluated by ELISA and HE staining. Furthermore, the composition of the effective dispersion system and release characteristics were investigated by UV and HPLC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fingerprint analysis of DKH recognized 11 key components, namely Ru, Qu, Ka, Fo, Iso, Kur, SFG, OMT, OSC, MT, and SC. The content of these components in DKH-N was found to be 69.51%, 88.30%, 84.60%, 82.92%, 73.35%, 77.03%, 74.02%, 89.95%, 85.99%, 79.53%, and 85.24% of the corresponding levels in DKH, respectively. Pharmacodynamic results demonstrated that DKH-N exerted the same anti-UC effect as DKH, decreased DAI and CMDI scores, increased IL-4 and IL-10 activities, and reduced expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and MPO, which were significantly different from those of the model group (**P<0.01). Additionally, DKH-N was found to comprise 30.30% polysaccharides and 24.93% protein components. Furthermore, 11 components in DKH-N demonstrated more than 80% release in enzyme-containing simulated colonic fluid in 24 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DKH-N may be an effective dispersion system for DKH treatment of UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis of Research on Exosomes as Drug Delivery Systems (2008-2023).","authors":"Wei Xiang, Qisong Shang, Zhoujun Zhu, Yuanyuan Wu, Xinghua Song","doi":"10.2174/0115672018358562250213113042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018358562250213113042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Exosomes are unique bio-nanomaterials possessing significant value and potential for drug delivery systems. However, to date, no bibliometric studies in this field have been reported. Our aim is to explore the research hotspots and trends of exosome drug-carrying systems across various medical fields through bibliometric analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles and reviews related to \"exosome\" and \"drug delivery\" are retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Scimago Graphica, and Origin 2021 are employed for bibliometric analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 771 articles from 60 countries, such as China and the United States, are included. The number of papers concerning exosomal drug delivery systems has been increasing yearly. The main research institutions are the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Fudan University, and Sichuan University. The Journal of Controlled Release is the most prevalent and frequently cited journal in this field. These papers are authored by 247 individuals, with Ando, Hidenori having the highest number of publications and Alvarez-Erviti L receiving the most citations. \"Extracellular vesicles\", \"drug delivery\", \"in vitro\", \"nanoparticles\", \"cells\", \"delivery\", and \"mesenchymal stem cells\" are the principal keywords for this hotspot.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pioneering bibliometric study offers a comprehensive overview of the research trends and advancements in exosomal drug delivery systems in medicine over the past fifteen years.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Nanocarrier Enhances the Anti-Liver Cancer Efficacy of Mitoxantrone: An Acidic Panax notoginseng Polysaccharide III.","authors":"Yuzhen Ding, Panpan Wei, Die Xia, Mengyue Deng, Yingxi Zhang, Menglian Li, Tong Chen, Zijun Yan","doi":"10.2174/0115672018351085250212080829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018351085250212080829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The incidence and mortality rates of liver cancer are high; therefore, developing new drug delivery systems with good biocompatibility and targeting has become a research hotspot.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mitoxantrone hydrochloride (MH) loaded in acidic Panax notoginseng polysaccharide III nanoparticles (MANPs) was prepared using electrostatic adsorption. This was achieved by loading MH in acidic Panax notoginseng polysaccharide III (APPN III), a natural compound that exhibits anti-tumor activity. Response surface methodology was used to determine the parameters for the best formulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry indicated that MH in MANPs was amorphous and exhibited good encapsulation efficiency in the carrier. Findings from dynamic dialysis confirmed that MANPs exhibited slow drug release at pH 6.8 and over the pH range of 7.2-7.4. In vitro experiments confirmed the anti-tumor effects of MANPs on H22 cells based on the inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptosis. MANPs also demonstrated an obvious anti-tumor effect without any toxicity in H22 tumor-bearing mice. This effect could be attributed to APPN III enhancing the immune system and exerting a synergistic anti-tumor effect in combination with MH, thereby alleviating MH-induced damage to the immune system in H22 tumorbearing mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As a nano-carrier prepared using natural resources, APPN III shows immense potential in the field of drug delivery and could serve as a novel option for the effective delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94287,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}