World journal of nephrology最新文献

{"title":"Predicting delayed graft function after kidney transplant: Do complex models help compared to standard statistics?","authors":"Muhammad Abdul Mabood Khalil, Nihal Mohammed Sadagah, Jackson Tan, Salem H Al-Qurashi","doi":"10.5527/wjn.120300","DOIUrl":"10.5527/wjn.120300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Both traditional statistics, such as the logistic regression (LR) model, and machine learning (ML) have strengths and limitations for predicting outcomes after kidney transplantation. The LR model is simple, interpretable, and reliable with small datasets. ML can capture complex, nonlinear patterns and manage many variables, but it needs larger, high-quality datasets to reach its full potential. In the recent issue of <i>World Journal of Nephrology</i>, Salgado <i>et al</i> compared six ML models with the LR model using donor, transplant, and recipient data from 523 deceased-donor kidney transplants. Surprisingly, ML models only slightly outperformed the LR model, and overall predictive performance remained modest, especially for identifying patients who developed delayed graft function. These results emphasize that dataset size, completeness, and relevant clinical variables may be more important than algorithm complexity. Future work should focus on improving data quality and developing models that are both accurate and clinically interpretable.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":"15 3","pages":"120300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kidney replacement therapy for acute kidney injury in low-resource settings: Lessons from Africa.","authors":"Yasser M Abdelhamid, Ahmed Fayed, Yannick Mayamba Nlandu, Sudakshina Ghosh","doi":"10.5527/wjn.122148","DOIUrl":"10.5527/wjn.122148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a disproportionate burden in low-resource settings. In these regions, AKI is commonly community-acquired, affects younger patients, and is frequently related to sepsis, hypovolemia, obstetric complications, nephrotoxins, and infections. Kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is a cornerstone of supportive care for severe AKI, but its use is strongly shaped by local infrastructure, cost, workforce, and supply chains. Current evidence does not show consistent superiority of continuous KRT, intermittent hemodialysis (IHD), prolonged intermittent KRT, or peritoneal dialysis (PD) in broad AKI populations with respect to survival or kidney recovery. Accordingly, modality choice should be individualized according to patient characteristics and local feasibility. In many African and other low-resource settings, IHD and PD remain the dominant modalities because they are more accessible and scalable than continuous therapies. This review discusses how resource limitations shape AKI KRT practice, with emphasis on Africa, and outlines pragmatic strategies to improve equitable access to life-saving renal support.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":"15 3","pages":"122148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From kidney to liver: Are sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors emerging as metabolic disease modifiers?","authors":"Sydney Mpisa, Jonathan Soldera","doi":"10.5527/wjn.121652","DOIUrl":"10.5527/wjn.121652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are increasingly recognized for benefits beyond glycaemic control, with established roles in renal and cardiovascular protection. In diabetic kidney disease (DKD), dapagliflozin-based strategies target persistent proteinuria, while emerging data suggest potential effects on hepatic outcomes, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the association between SGLT2 inhibitor use and HCC incidence in MASLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD1003646). Studies including adults with MASLD comparing SGLT2 inhibitors with other oral hypoglycemic agents and reporting HCC incidence were identified through searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science up to April 12, 2025. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed using the <i>I</i> ² statistic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three retrospective cohort studies comprising 352890 individuals with MASLD were included. SGLT2 inhibitor use was associated with a significantly lower risk of HCC (RR = 0.60, 95%CI: 0.52-0.70; <i>P</i> < 0.0001), corresponding to an approximate 40% relative risk reduction, with low heterogeneity (<i>I</i> ² = 14.1%). Sensitivity analyses yielded consistent results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SGLT2 inhibitor use is associated with a reduced incidence of HCC in MASLD, although findings are derived from observational data. These results, together with established renal and cardiovascular benefits, support a broader role for SGLT2 inhibitors as modifiers of metabolic disease across organ systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":"15 3","pages":"121652"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148804194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Finerenone and proteinuria in diabetic kidney disease.","authors":"Vaia D Raikou, Sotiris Gavriil","doi":"10.5527/wjn.121881","DOIUrl":"10.5527/wjn.121881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) suffer from proteinuria. Finerenone, a novel nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist acts as anti-inflammatory factor reducing the kidney inflammation and fibrotic pathways, which are overactive in patients with advanced proteinuria. The study by Pasari <i>et al</i>, published in the recent issue of the <i>World Journal of Nephrology</i>, correlated the greater reduction of albuminuria with the higher baseline albuminuria using finerenone. However, heterogeneity, disproportion and variability in response using finerenone for the reduction of proteinuria has been observed. Patients with persistent proteinuria despite the optimal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockage, sodium-glucose co-transporter -2 inhibitors and finerenone, remain at high risk for renal and cardiovascular events. More factors including the novel functions of histone lactylation possibly are involved in the deterioration of albuminuria in DKD. It may need combined and intensive therapy with an additional healthy lifestyle. More pharmacogenomic trials, proteomic analyses in long-term real-world cohorts need to clarify the pathogenetic mechanisms related to proteinuria in DKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":"15 3","pages":"121881"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Donor medicine: An emerging field in nephrology.","authors":"Muhammad Tanzeel Abbasi, G V Ramesh Prasad","doi":"10.5527/wjn.121522","DOIUrl":"10.5527/wjn.121522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Donor medicine is an emerging field in nephrology. Medical specialties develop from how organ systems organize, new technologies, or groups of diseases. Donor medicine stands at the intersection of medicine, surgery, public health, and the humanities, but unlike recipient medicine does not involve immunology. Living kidney donors (LKDs) start from a position of excellent health and normal predicted lifespan. Nephrologists have a special obligation to follow altruistic LKDs over the long-term, even though the safety of donation has been generally well established. This paper summarizes the physiological changes associated with LKD surgery, resulting from reduced nephron mass, glomerular hyperfiltration, and blood pressure elevation, to the health risks associated with LKD surgery including chronic kidney disease, proteinuria, hypertension, preeclampsia, adverse psychology, and financial burden. Successful kidney transplantation does not simply mean performing a large number of transplants or even achieving a high long-term recipient graft or patient survival rate. Successful kidney transplantation means that the LKD also performs well in a situation that nature never intended for them. Placing long-term donor health into better perspective will help to provide a framework for establishing donor medicine as a distinct medical specialty, which will in turn encourage LKD and increase organ donation rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":"15 3","pages":"121522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148804172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal functional and surgical outcomes after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for hilar <i>vs</i> non-hilar tumors: Trifecta and pentafecta evaluation.","authors":"Takuto Hara, Kotaro Suzuki, Naoto Wakita, Yasuyoshi Okamura, Hideto Ueki, Yukari Bando, Tomoaki Terakawa, Yoji Hyodo, Koji Chiba, Jun Teishima, Akihisa Yao, Hideaki Miyake","doi":"10.5527/wjn.119576","DOIUrl":"10.5527/wjn.119576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is well-suited for managing complex renal tumors, including those located in the renal hilum. However, studies directly comparing RAPN outcomes for hilar and non-hilar tumors, particularly in terms of comprehensive measures, such as trifecta and pentafecta, are still limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate whether tumor location in the renal hilum independently influences surgical and renal functional outcomes after RAPN, as assessed by trifecta and pentafecta criteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated outcomes of RAPN for hilar and non-hilar renal tumors treated from April 2016 to June 2023. Eligible patients had tumors ≤ 7 cm, no metastasis, and at least one year of follow-up. Propensity score matching was applied. Primary endpoints were trifecta and pentafecta achievement. All procedures were performed under ischemia without early unclamping. Multivariate logistic regression identified predictors of outcome achievement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 350 patients, 324 met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 60 hilar and 264 non-hilar tumors. Trifecta achievement was similar between hilar (63.3%) and non-hilar groups (64.0%), with no significant differences in ischemia time, positive margins, or major complications. Pentafecta achievement rates were also similar (20.0% hilar <i>vs</i> 14.0% non-hilar, <i>P</i> = 0.237). Multivariate analysis identified R score, N score, and L score as predictors of pentafecta non-achievement. Surgeon experience and hilar tumor presence were predictors of pentafecta achievement. Hilar tumor location was not an independent determinant in the propensity-matched analysis, suggesting that the adjustment methods and sample size may have influenced the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RAPN achieved comparable trifecta and pentafecta outcomes for hilar and non-hilar tumors, supporting its viability for complex hilar tumors when appropriate patient selection and surgical experience are ensured.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":"15 3","pages":"119576"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of deceased donor kidney transplantation: Eight years of experience from a tertiary care center in India.","authors":"Taruna Pahuja, Sukhwinder S Sangha, Sushma Yadav, Arnav Aggarwal, Virinder K Bansal, Seenu Vuthaluru, Sandeep Aggarwal, Arun K Subbiah, Aarti Vij, Sanjay K Agarwal, Dipankar Bhowmik, Pearl Yadav, Raj K Yadav","doi":"10.5527/wjn.120809","DOIUrl":"10.5527/wjn.120809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deceased donor kidney transplantation (DDKT) remains underutilized in India due to organ shortage. Understanding determinants of transplant outcomes such as delayed graft function (DGF), graft survival and patient survival is essential to optimize patients and wisely allocate organs to best deserving patients.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify donor, recipient and peri-transplant determinants of DGF, graft and patient survival in DDKT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an ambispective cohort study for patients transplanted between January 2017 and September 2024. Primary outcome was incidence of DGF and predicting factors. Secondary outcomes were graft and patient survival. Logistic regression was used to analyse predicting factors for DGF and cox proportional hazards model was used to assess factors for graft and patient survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 62 DDKT, DGF occurred in 35.5% of DDKT recipients. While 6 factors affected DGF, only high recipient body mass index and high donor terminal serum creatinine were independent predictors of DGF. Over a median follow up of 32 months, 4 patients returned to maintenance haemodialysis and 11 patients died with functioning grafts with most events occurring within first year of transplant. Graft survival was 85.2% at 1 year and 68.2% at 4 years, while patient survival was 90.2% and 75.5%, respectively. Recipient age and kidney donor risk index (KDRI) were associated with graft loss. No factor affected mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive donor and recipient assessment along with using KDRI or a new prediction tool for organ allocation in India. Larger multicentric studies from India are needed to further refine risk prediction models in DDKT.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":"15 3","pages":"120809"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148804213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Enhancing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors utilization through patiromer adherence - real-world insights for nephrology practice.","authors":"Gemechu Dereje Feyissa","doi":"10.5527/wjn.119286","DOIUrl":"10.5527/wjn.119286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>I read with interest the retrospective cohort study by Kleinman <i>et al</i> published in <i>World Journal of Nephrology</i>. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) anchor therapy for chronic kidney disease, heart failure, and hypertension, but hyperkalemia often curtails optimal use. This letter synthesizes a retrospective cohort of 13447 patiromer users, where approximately 25% high adherers [proportion of days covered (PDC) ≥ 80%] showed approximately 10% greater RAASi utilization (days' supply and PDC) across angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists <i>vs</i> lower adherers. Findings echo OPAL-HK, reinforce Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2021 binder prioritization, and urge adherence strategies to sustain guideline therapy, cut hospitalizations, and integrate with SGLT2i/finerenone.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":"15 3","pages":"119286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein carbonyl: A sensitive marker reflecting oxidative stress in prevalent hemodialysis patients.","authors":"Hayam Aref, Hussein Sayed Hussein Abd Allah, Amany Gamal Abd El Monem, Ashraf Hassan Abd El Mobdy","doi":"10.5527/wjn.119962","DOIUrl":"10.5527/wjn.119962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Protein carbonyls (PCOs) are well-established biomarkers of oxidative stress, closely linked to disease progression and therapeutic responses across various pathological conditions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess serum PCO titres as an indicator of oxidative damage in prevalent hemodialysis (HD) patients and to explore their association with nutritional status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This controlled cross-sectional study included 60 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), aged 18-65 years, undergoing maintenance HD three times per week for at least six months. All participants were treated through the same high-flux dialyzer equipped with a polysulfone membrane. A control group of 30 healthy individuals was also enrolled. Serum PCO titres were measured in all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ESRD group exhibited significantly higher values of systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine, serum phosphate, C-reactive protein, and PCO than the control group. In contrast, hemoglobin titres and serum albumin titres were significantly diminished in ESRD patients. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of serum PCO demonstrated excellent discriminatory capacity, with a cut-off value of 115 pmol/mg yielding 93.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity. A significant positive correlation was found between C-reactive protein titres and both age and parathyroid hormone concentrations in the ESRD group. Additionally, nutritional status was significantly worse in ESRD patients than in controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum PCO titres were markedly elevated in ESRD patients undergoing HD, reflecting enhanced oxidative stress. Given its high diagnostic accuracy, PCO can act as a sensitive and reliable marker for oxidative stress in ESRD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":"15 3","pages":"119962"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells by enhancing the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 antioxidant pathway.","authors":"Yu Li, Lu-Lu Wang, Xiang-Zhi Yu, Sai Xie, Peng-Fei Li, Yang Huang, Pei-Ling Bao","doi":"10.5527/wjn.119984","DOIUrl":"10.5527/wjn.119984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication that arises from diabetes. Curcumin, a bioactive compound with antioxidant properties, has been shown to modulate multiple cellular pathways and thereby mitigate tissue damage.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the influence of curcumin on high glucose-triggered apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, diabetic, and curcumin treatment groups (<i>n</i> = 10/group). Renal function markers (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, KIM-1, and urinary albumin) were assessed, and renal tissues were analyzed using histopathology, TUNEL assays, and immunohistochemistry. Renal tubular epithelial cells were cultured under normal (5.5 mmol/L) or high glucose (30 mmol/L) conditions, with or without curcumin. Apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway markers were evaluated using flow cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Curcumin improved renal function markers and reduced renal tubular apoptosis in diabetic rats. <i>In vitro</i>, it suppressed high glucose-induced apoptosis and ROS production, while activating the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway (upregulated Nrf2 and HO-1 expression, and downregulated Keap1) and modulating the Bcl-2/Bax apoptotic balance (downregulated Bax and upregulated Bcl-2), demonstrating sequential protection against oxidative stress followed by apoptosis inhibition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Curcumin protects against high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial apoptosis by enhancing Nrf2/HO-1 signaling to reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis, indicating its therapeutic potential for DN.</p>","PeriodicalId":94272,"journal":{"name":"World journal of nephrology","volume":"15 3","pages":"119984"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148804232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}