World journal of methodology最新文献

{"title":"Basic and clinical research on acupuncture for post-stroke depression: A narrative review.","authors":"Wei Xie, Zhong Di, Wei Shao, Ai-Jun Wang, Li-Hua Guan","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.112371","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.112371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common neuropsychiatric complication affecting 20%-65% of stroke survivors, with limited therapeutic options due to the side effects of antidepressants. This narrative review synthesizes recent advances in acupuncture for PSD, highlighting its multi-target mechanisms and clinical applications. Acupuncture regulates neurotransmitters (<i>e.g.</i>, 5-hydroxytryptamine, norepinephrine, glutamate), neurotrophic factors (<i>e.g.</i>, brain-derived neurotrophic factor), the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inflammatory cytokines (<i>e.g.</i>, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha), and oxidative stress, while modulating the brain-gut axis and homocysteine levels. Clinically, pure acupuncture, electroacupuncture, scalp/auricular acupuncture, and comprehensive therapies (combined with herbs, moxibustion, music, or rehabilitation) demonstrate efficacy in improving depressive symptoms and daily function. However, research gaps include standardized treatment protocols, mechanistic exploration, and large-scale controlled trials. This review underscores acupuncture's potential as a safe, multi-modal therapy for PSD and highlights areas for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 2","pages":"112371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147793743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term neurological consequences of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: Implications for postpartum monitoring and intervention.","authors":"Mackenzie Hagood, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.114322","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.114322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eclampsia and pre-eclampsia are hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) that may pose significant long-term risk to maternal patients during the post-partum period. Acute neurological complications of these conditions include recurrent seizures, cerebral edema, intracerebral hemorrhage, stroke, and altered mental status. The long-term neurological sequelae of each condition, and how they differ, remain understudied.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To systematically review and compare long-term neurological outcomes including cognitive impairment, and cerebrovascular events in individuals who experience eclampsia and pre-eclampsia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted <i>via</i> PubMed including studies published from 2005 to 2025. Eligible studies included human participants with a history of HDP, and results of neurological outcomes assessed at least three months postpartum. Outcomes of interest included cognitive impairment, structural brain changes, and stroke/stroke risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 49 studies met inclusion criteria for final synthesis. The findings of our literature review suggest individuals with a history of HDP have an elevated long-term risk of stroke, with greatest hazard ratios present in hemorrhagic stroke. Eclampsia was linked to higher stroke risk compared to preeclampsia. In terms of structural outcomes found on imaging, all HDPs were strongly associated with white matter lesions, atrophy, blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and carotid atherosclerosis, supporting a pathway of persistent cerebrovascular and neurovascular injury. Cognitive impairment in patient-reported data showed deficits; however, objective testing showed non-significant differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that stroke and structural brain abnormalities are well-supported sequelae of long-term HDP complications, particularly in eclampsia, while cognitive outcomes remain heterogeneous. Thus, differentiated postpartum care and neurologic evaluation may be warranted in at-risk mothers. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings, investigate possible external contributing factors, and inform evidence-based risk assessment and surveillance guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 2","pages":"114322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147793744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open-label randomized controlled study of salt-restricted <i>vs</i> salt-unrestricted diet in patients with cirrhosis with hyponatremia.","authors":"Sudheer Marrapu, Ramesh Kumar, Divendu Bhushan, Sudhir Kumar, Abhishek Kumar, Rajeev N Priyadarshi, Utpal Anand","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.112692","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.112692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Salt restriction is commonly recommended for patients with cirrhosis to manage ascites; however, its safety and efficacy in patients with hyponatremia remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the effects of a salt-restricted diet (SRD; 5 g/day) <i>vs</i> a salt-unrestricted diet (SUD; 10 g/day) on renal, nutritional, and hemodynamic outcomes, as well as short-term mortality in patients with cirrhosis with moderate to severe hyponatremia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 150 patients with serum sodium < 130 mEq/L were randomized to either SRD or SUD. After excluding patients who died, were non-adherent, or were lost to follow-up within 4 weeks, 105 participants (SRD: 51; SUD: 54) were included in the outcomes analysis. The primary outcome was the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) over 6 months; secondary outcomes included ascites control, nutritional markers, and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics were largely comparable. AKI occurred in 45 patients (42.8%), which was significantly more in the SRD group (58.8% <i>vs</i> 27.7%; <i>P</i> = 0.005). SRD was an independent predictor of AKI (odds ratio: 4.85), and the risk of AKI was 66% lower in the SUD group (hazard ratio: 0.34; <i>P</i> < 0.001). While ascites control was numerically better in the SUD group, the difference was not statistically significant. The SUD group exhibited better hemodynamic and nutritional indices, including mean arterial pressure, mid-arm circumference, handgrip strength, and serum albumin. Mortality was significantly lower in the SUD group (29.6% <i>vs</i> 54.9%; <i>P</i> = 0.009), and survival analysis consistently favored SUD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Salt restriction in patients with cirrhosis with moderate to severe hyponatremia may predispose them to renal dysfunction, nutritional decline, and increased short-term mortality without providing a clear benefit in ascites control. These findings underscore the need for individualized sodium recommendations in patients with advanced cirrhosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 2","pages":"112692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147793778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstructive sleep apnea: Proposed scoring system.","authors":"Arkiath Veettil Raveendran, Jothydev Kesavadev, Banshi Saboo, Sunny George","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.114192","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.114192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstructive sleep apnea is a common yet under-recognized condition. 80% of sleep apnea cases go undiagnosed, and it is a common contributor to sudden death. Therefore, a simple and sensitive screening tool is the need of the hour. We developed a simple, more convenient, and user-friendly 3-question screening tool to identify individuals at risk of obstructive sleep apnea.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 2","pages":"114192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147793752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrolyte-derived clinical indices in traumatic brain injury: A narrative review.","authors":"Ahammed Mekkodathil, Ayman El-Menyar, Sandro Rizoli, Hassan Al-Thani","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.111570","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.111570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant global health burden. Electrolyte imbalances contribute to secondary brain injury by exacerbating cerebral edema, neuronal dysfunction, and increasing mortality. Electrolyte-derived clinical indices, based on routine laboratory tests, provide rapid and cost-effective tools for clinical decision-making and prognostication. This narrative review summarizes the current evidence on key electrolyte indices relevant to TBI, including the glucose-to-potassium ratio (GPR), plasma and effective osmolality, ion shift index (ISI), anion gap, Combined Electrolyte Disturbance, and Corrected Electrolytes. Each index is discussed in terms of its physiological basis, clinical utility, limitations, and prognostic relevance. Among these, GPR and osmolality have demonstrated substantial predictive value for mortality and functional outcomes, while ISI and combined electrolyte abnormalities are promising but require further validation. Adjustments to sodium and calcium levels, respectively, for glucose and albumin, prevent misdiagnosis and support more accurate treatment. These indices help bridge the gap between bedside monitoring and early risk stratification in the management of TBI. Their utility lies in their accessibility and potential to individualize care in both resource-rich and resource-limited settings. Future research should prioritize multicenter prospective validation studies, standardize threshold values, and develop clinical algorithms that integrate these indices into TBI care pathways. Such integration could improve early recognition of critical deterioration, guide therapeutic strategies, and ultimately enhance outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 2","pages":"111570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147793663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of Danggui Sini Decoction for treatment of lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Yan-Bo Fu, Feng Yan, Hong-Jiang Zhu, Cong Wang","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.115003","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.115003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endovascular revascularization for lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) is often limited by long-term restenosis. This study evaluated whether the traditional Chinese medicine formula Danggui Sini Decoction (DGSD) could improve mid-term outcomes when combined with the standard procedure.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the clinical efficacy of DGSD combined with endovascular revascularization in the treatment of ASO and its impact on patients' quality of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 38 ASO patients treated at Zhangjiajie People's Hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 19 patients in each group. The control group received conventional endovascular revascularization and basic treatment, while the experimental group was treated with DGSD in addition to the control group's treatment. The clinical effectiveness rate, freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization, primary patency rate, and quality of life scores were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within one month postoperatively, there was no significant difference in clinical effectiveness between the two groups (experimental group: 78.95% <i>vs</i> control group: 84.21%, <i>P</i> > 0.05), but the improvement in quality of life scores in the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). At six months postoperatively, the clinical effectiveness rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (94.74% <i>vs</i> 73.68%, <i>P</i> < 0.05). The experimental group had a higher rate of freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization compared to the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (100% <i>vs</i> 84.21%, <i>P</i> > 0.05). The primary patency rate in the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DGSD combined with endovascular revascularization can significantly improve the mid-term clinical efficacy in ASO patients, reduce the risk of lower limb arterial re-occlusion, and enhance quality of life, demonstrating significant clinical application value.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 2","pages":"115003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147793228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing multiple myeloma therapy: A systematic analysis of corticosteroids and monoclonal antibodies as dual therapeutic agents.","authors":"Farah Alam, Huma Siddiqui, Arpna Nihal, Madiha Andleeb, Amna Qamar Uz Zaman, Mehwish Imam Khushk, Fatima Hussain, Rahul Rai, Fasiha Bakhtawar Fatima, Danaish Kumar, Syed Ali Farhan Abbas Rizvi, Shafaq Jabeen, Inshal Jawed, Umair Qadir, Mohammad Ali Zakeri","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.107864","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.107864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematopoietic malignancy defined by the bone marrow's clonal expansion of neoplastic plasma cells. Corticosteroids and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been approved for the treatment of MM over the past 20 years and are now key components of treatment regimens, improving clinical outcomes. Corticosteroids (dexamethasone and prednisone) are frequently used in combination with other agents [proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs)], while mAbs (daratumumab, elotuzumab, and isatuximab) have transformed treatment paradigms, particularly for relapsed/refractory cases.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the impact of corticosteroids and mAbs on the treatment of MM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review integrates results from randomized controlled trials and cohort studies published from 2003 to 2024. This resulted in the identification 26 articles assessing the role of corticosteroids and mAbs in various treatment settings: Newly diagnosed, relapsed, and refractory MM. Seventeen studies were included in the systematic review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We show that corticosteroid-based combination regimens are critical for achieving rapid tumour regression and increasing overall survival (OS) when combined with proteasome inhibitors (bortezomib or carfilzomib). Moreover, mAb therapy, particularly with daratumumab, has also led to significant benefits, enhancing progression-free survival and OS when added to first- and later-line therapy. All IMiDs and proteasome inhibitors offer activity when combined with daratumumab, with the efficacy being better with daratumumab, even in higher-risk patients. However, treatment of high-risk MM, including those with extramedullary disease and patients with adverse genetics, still poses challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While great strides have been made in the treatment, much remains to be learned about long-term safety, efficacy, and potential resistance mechanisms to these treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"107864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking meniscal repair in patients over 40: Extending the boundaries of joint preservation.","authors":"Yizhe Lim, Wei Boon Lim, Tim Bonner, Lisa Wood, Andrea Volpin","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.113664","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.113664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article provides a comprehensive overview of current perspectives on meniscal repair, with a particular focus on the evolving situation for patients over 40. In the past, meniscectomy was the most common treatment for meniscal tears in this group due to presumptions about its poor capacity for healing. The paradigm has shifted in favor of meniscal preservation, thanks to recent developments in arthroscopic procedures, a deeper understanding of meniscal biology, and the crucial recognition of the role that meniscal tissue plays in long-term knee health. Results from important primary studies, meta-analyses, and recent systematic reviews are summarized in this article. We address the advantages of meniscal repair over meniscectomy in terms of long-term results and functional preservation, considering conflicting data and the significance of a patient's unique evaluation. In addition to the substantial influence of biologic augmentation methods like platelet-rich plasma and bone marrow aspirate concentrate in accelerating healing rates, the role of conservative management for degenerative tears is examined. Additionally, we compare all-inside and inside-out repair methods and look at the crucial elements of patient and tear selection, surgical methods, and technological advancements. Future research directions are paved by highlighting unresolved issues, such as the standardization of terminology and outcome definitions. Overall, the findings indicate that meniscal repair is no longer strictly contraindicated based solely on age, with careful patient selection and the strategic application of innovative techniques providing older patients with improved long-term outcomes and significant chondroprotective benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"113664"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is elevated serum homocysteine in isolated ischemic cranial nerve palsies a predictor of stroke?","authors":"Pallikkara Divya Ravindran, Sharanya Rajendra, Karthik Kumar, Virna M Shah","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.108291","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.108291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Isolated third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerve palsies (CNP) in elderly people occur commonly due to microvascular ischemia. Ischemic isolated CNP share several atherosclerotic risk factors that are responsible for stroke which include hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. Hyperhomocysteinemia is atherogenic and hence is also considered as an independent risk factor for stroke. So indirectly, elevated homocysteine in CNP may act as a risk factor for stroke.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the incidence of isolated ischemic CNP secondary to elevated serum homocysteine (predisposing them to a greater risk of stroke), and if serum homocysteine levels need to be checked routinely in all isolated CNP by neuro-ophthalmologists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective case study, in which 66 patients diagnosed with ischemic isolated CNP were enrolled. Informed written consent was obtained from all who participated in this study. Data of these patients were collected from the electronic medical records and were analyzed. Complete anterior, posterior segment and neuro-ophthalmic examinations were done, in addition to routine blood investigations and serum homocysteine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 55 years old. Gender wise, 74.24% affected were males and 25.76% were females. The sixth nerve was affected in 68.18% cases. Of 66 patients, 37 cases (56.06%) had elevated serum homocysteine. In patients > 40 years and without any systemic risk factors, 63.2% had elevated serum homocysteine. In patients < 40 years and without systemic risk, 66.7% had high serum homocysteine levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In cases without systemic risk factors, serum homocysteine may indirectly act as a risk factor for developing stroke in patients having isolated ischemic CNP. According to our study, patients with or without risk factors and those above 40 years, 56.06% patients with isolated ocular motor palsy had elevated serum homocysteine. This implies that the level of elevated serum homocysteine was statistically significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in these patients; thus, indirectly showing a greater predilection towards developing a stroke. In this small pilot study, we show that even in neuro-ophthalmology serum homocysteine should be routinely checked for all patients with isolated ischemic CNP. This might reduce the incidence of patients developing a stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"108291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decolonizing the gut from multidrug-resistant bacteria: Current strategies and future perspectives.","authors":"Anjali Mishra, Deven Juneja","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.108646","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.108646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) represents a serious global health crisis, with the gastrointestinal tract serving as a major reservoir for these pathogens. This review highlights the burden of gut colonization by MDROs, its role in spreading antimicrobial resistance, and explores current and emerging strategies for decolonization. Various non-antibiotic approaches such as probiotics, prebiotics, bacterial consortia, selective digestive decontamination, faecal microbiota transplantation, bacteriophage therapy, and Clustered Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR-associated protein systems along with dietary interventions have been assessed for their potential to restore microbial balance and reduce MDRO carriage. While promising results have emerged from early studies and animal models, most interventions remain investigational. Rigorous clinical trials, standardized protocols, and safety assessments are essential before these approaches can be integrated into routine practice for MDRO management.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"108646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}