World journal of methodology最新文献

{"title":"Reevaluating health metrics: Unraveling the limitations of disability-adjusted life years as an indicator in disease burden assessment.","authors":"Ariel Beresniak, Dominique Bremond-Gignac, Danielle Dupont, Gerard Duru","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.95796","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.95796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1993, the World Bank released a global report on the efficacy of health promotion, introducing the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) as a novel indicator. The DALY, a composite metric incorporating temporal and qualitative data, is grounded in preferences regarding disability status. This review delineates the algorithm used to calculate the value of the proposed DALY synthetic indicator and elucidates key methodological challenges associated with its application. In contrast to the quality-adjusted life years approach, derived from multi-attribute utility theory, the DALY stands as an independent synthetic indicator that adopts the assumptions of the Time Trade Off utility technique to define Disability Weights. Claiming to rely on no mathematical or economic theory, DALY users appear to have exempted themselves from verifying whether this indicator meets the classical properties required of all indicators, notably content validity, reliability, specificity, and sensitivity. The DALY concept emerged primarily to facilitate comparisons of the health impacts of various diseases globally within the framework of the Global Burden of Disease initiative, leading to numerous publications in international literature. Despite widespread adoption, the DALY synthetic indicator has prompted significant methodological concerns since its inception, manifesting in inconsistent and non-reproducible results. Given the substantial diffusion of the DALY indicator and its critical role in health impact assessments, a reassessment is warranted. This reconsideration is imperative for enhancing the robustness and reliability of public health decision-making processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"15 1","pages":"95796"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder: Wharton jelly mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.","authors":"Serdar Kabatas, Erdinç Civelek, Eyüp Can Savrunlu, Umut Karaaslan, Özlem Yıldız, Erdal Karaöz","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.95857","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.95857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multifaceted origins. In recent studies, neuroinflammation and immune dysregulation have come to the forefront in its pathogenesis. There are studies suggesting that stem cell therapy may be effective in the treatment of ASD.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evolve the landscape of ASD treatment, focusing on the potential benefits and safety of stem cell transplantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A detailed case report is presented, displaying the positive outcomes observed in a child who underwent intrathecal and intravenous Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) transplantation combined with neurorehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study demonstrates a significant improvement in the child's functional outcomes (Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Denver 2 Developmental Screening Test), especially in language and gross motor skills. No serious side effects were encountered during the 2-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings support the safety and effectiveness of WJ-MSC transplantation in managing ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"15 1","pages":"95857"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond statistical significance: Embracing minimal clinically important difference for better patient care.","authors":"Naveen Jeyaraman, Madhan Jeyaraman, Swaminathan Ramasubramanian, Sangeetha Balaji, Sathish Muthu","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.97814","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.97814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) represents a pivotal metric in bridging the gap between statistical significance and clinical relevance, addressing the direct impact of medical interventions from the patient's perspective. This comprehensive review analyzes the evolution, applications, and challenges of MCID across medical specialties, emphasizing its necessity in ensuring that clinical outcomes not only demonstrate statistical significance but also offer genuine clinical utility that aligns with patient expectations and needs. We discuss the evolution of MCID since its inception in the 1980s, its current applications across various medical specialties, and the methodologies used in its calculation, highlighting both anchor-based and distribution-based approaches. Furthermore, the paper delves into the challenges associated with the application of MCID, such as methodological variability and the interpretation difficulties that arise in clinical settings. Recommendations for the future include standardizing MCID calculation methods, enhancing patient involvement in setting MCID thresholds, and extending research to incorporate diverse global perspectives. These steps are critical to refining the role of MCID in patient-centered healthcare, addressing existing gaps in methodology and interpretation, and ensuring that medical interventions lead to significant, patient-perceived improvements.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"15 1","pages":"97814"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of gamification applications on success of dentistry students.","authors":"Hatice Ahsen Deniz, Elif Polat Balkan, Burak İncebeyaz, Kıvanç Kamburoğlu","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.97374","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.97374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gamification, the use of game materials in education, has been used in several scientific fields, and studies have demonstrated its effectiveness in student comprehension.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate whether the success of 4^th- and 5^th-grade dentistry students increases when using the gamification applications Kahoot! and Mentimeter.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An experimental design was used to measure the effect of gamification applications on students who were taught using the traditional method. For this purpose, Mentimeter and Kahoot! applications were used in this experimental study. Three groups of 4^th- and 5^th-grade students were formed: Mentimeter, Kahoot!, and control groups. The effect of gamification applications on achievement was evaluated by administering a post-test to these groups after the instructional process. One-way analysis of variance and <i>t</i>-tests were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 35.5% of the students were in the Mentimeter group, 29.8% in the Kahoot! group, and 34.6% in the control group. Of the total number of students, 54.8% were female and 45.2% were male, while 52.2% were 5^th-grade students and 47.8% were 4^th-grade students. The overall grade point average was found to be 66.65 (range, 24-100). There was a statistically significant difference in average success scores between students of different groups (<i>P</i> = 0.003 < 0.05) and grades (<i>P</i> = 0.036 < 0.05). The average success score was the highest in the Mentimeter group (71.64) and the lowest in the Kahoot! group (62.15). In the control group, this score was 65.41. The average success score was higher for students in the 5^th-grade (68.16) and for female students (68.84).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gamification has a great potential in the education of dentomaxillofacial radiology students. Mentimeter outperformed both the Kahoot! and the traditional method in terms of average student success rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"15 1","pages":"97374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the ethical terrain: Off-label and experimental treatments in medical case reports.","authors":"Madhan Jeyaraman, Naveen Jeyaraman, Swaminathan Ramasubramanian, Sangeetha Balaji","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.94833","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.94833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the ethical considerations surrounding the reporting of off-label and experimental treatments in medical case reports, with a focus on fields such as oncology, psychiatry, and pediatrics. It emphasizes the balance between innovation and evidence-based medicine, highlighting the critical role of case reports in disseminating clinical experiences and advancing medical knowledge. The discussion delves into the ethical framework guiding case reporting, including principles of patient autonomy, informed consent, non-maleficence, beneficence, justice, and transparency. Challenges such as negative outcome reporting, commercial interests, and the balance between innovation and caution are examined. Recommendations for ethical vigilance, the development of comprehensive guidelines, and the role of regulatory bodies are proposed to ensure patient safety and uphold scientific integrity. The article concludes by underscoring the importance of a collaborative effort among clinicians, researchers, ethicists, and regulatory bodies to foster the responsible advancement of medical science while adhering to the highest ethical standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"15 1","pages":"94833"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restless head syndrome: A retrospective study.","authors":"Sanjay Prakash, Varoon Vadodaria, Niraj Chawda, Chetsi S Shah, Anurag Prakash","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.97171","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.97171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized by an urge to move with an unpleasant sensation in the lower limbs. RLS typically affects the legs. However, it can also affect several other body regions, such as the arms, abdomen, face, neck, head, and genital area. There are only a few reports of the RLS variant affecting the head.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the epidemiological, clinical, and other aspects of the RLS variant affecting the head.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of 17 adult patients (> 18 years) who met the RLS criteria and simultaneously experienced RLS-like symptoms in the head.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age at which symptoms appeared was 41.6 years. Males and females were equally affected (1.1:1). All 17 patients had uncomfortable sensations in the lower legs. Insomnia or disturbed sleep was the most common comorbidity (<i>n</i> = 16, 88.2%). However, headache was the most common presenting or primary symptom (<i>n</i> = 10, 70.5%). Dizziness or an abnormal sensation in the head was the second most common presenting symptom (5 patients, 29.4%). Other presenting features were leg pain, backache, and generalized body pain. All patients responded favorably to dopaminergic medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>If RLS-related unpleasant sensations and pain are felt in the head, they may be misinterpreted as headache, dizziness, or psychosomatic symptoms. RLS and headaches in a subset of patients may be two phenotypic manifestations of the same disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"15 1","pages":"97171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic data as an investigative tool in hypertension and renal diseases research.","authors":"Aleena Jamal, Som Singh, Fawad Qureshi","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.98626","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.98626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a growing body of clinical research on the utility of synthetic data derivatives, an emerging research tool in medicine. In nephrology, clinicians can use machine learning and artificial intelligence as powerful aids in their clinical decision-making while also preserving patient privacy. This is especially important given the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease, renal oncology, and hypertension worldwide. However, there remains a need to create a framework for guidance regarding how to better utilize synthetic data as a practical application in this research.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"15 1","pages":"98626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macular microvascular and structural changes on optical coherence tomography angiography in atypical optic neuritis.","authors":"Chinmay Mahatme, Madhurima Kaushik, Veerappan Rathinasabapathy Saravanan, Karthik Kumar, Virna M Shah","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.98482","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.98482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atypical optic neuritis, consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD), has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and long-term management strategies. Vascular and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders, apart from the obvious immune mediated damage. With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural changes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic neuritis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NMOSD and 17 MOGAD patients, diagnosed serologically, as well as 10 healthy controls. Macular vascular density (MVD) and ganglion cell + inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPL) were studied using OCTA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant reduction in MVD in NMOSD and MOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy controls. NMOSD and MOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy controls. NMOSD unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to MOGAD unaffected eyes. On comparing NMOSD with MOGAD, there was no significant difference in terms of MVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected eyes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients, they could not help in differentiating between NMOSD and MOGAD cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"15 1","pages":"98482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary embolism after shoulder surgery: Is it a real threat?","authors":"Charalampos Pitsilos, Pericles Papadopoulos, Panagiotis Givissis, Byron Chalidis","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.98343","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.98343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a rare but devastating complication of shoulder surgery. Apart from increased morbidity and mortality rates, it may significantly impair postoperative recovery and functional outcome. Its frequency accounts for up to 5.7% of all shoulder surgery procedures with a higher occurrence in women and patients older than 70 years. It is most commonly associated with thrombophilia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, hypertension, and a history of malignancy. PE usually occurs secondary to upper or lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, in rare cases, the source of the thrombi cannot be determined. Prophylaxis for PE following shoulder surgery remains a topic of debate, and the standard of care does not routinely require prophylactic medication for DVT prophylaxis. Early ambulation and elastic stockings are important preventative measures for DVT of the lower extremity and medical agents such as aspirin, low-molecular-weight heparin, and vitamin K antagonists are indicated for high-risk patients, long-lasting operations, or concomitant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. The most common symptoms of PE include chest pain and shortness of breath, but PE can also be asymptomatic in patients with intrinsic tolerance of hypoxia. Patients with DVT may also present with swelling and pain of the respective extremity. The treatment of PE includes inpatient or outpatient anticoagulant therapy if the patient is hemodynamically unstable or stable, respectively. Hemodynamic instability may require transfer to the intensive care unit, and cardiovascular arrest can be implicated in fatal events. An important issue for patients with PE in the postoperative period after shoulder surgery is residual stiffness due to a delay in rehabilitation and a prolonged hospital stay. Early physiotherapy and range-of-motion exercises do not adversely affect the prognosis of PE and are highly recommended to preserve shoulder mobility and function.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"15 1","pages":"98343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research surveys and their evolution: Past, current and future uses in healthcare.","authors":"Michael Colwill, Richard Pollok, Andrew Poullis","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v14.i4.93559","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v14.i4.93559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research surveys are believed to have originated in antiquity with evidence of them being performed in ancient Egypt and Greece. In the past century, their use has grown significantly and they are now one of the most frequently employed research methods including in the field of healthcare. Modern validation techniques and processes have allowed researchers to broaden the scope of qualitative data they can gather through these surveys such as an individual's views on service quality to nationwide surveys that are undertaken regularly to follow healthcare trends. This article focuses on the evolution and current utility of research surveys, different methodologies employed in their creation, the advantages and disadvantages of different forms and their future use in healthcare research. We also review the role artificial intelligence and the importance of increased patient participation in the development of these surveys in order to obtain more accurate and clinically relevant data.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"14 4","pages":"93559"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11287537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}