The journal of nursing research : JNR最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Urinary Incontinence, Sexual Dysfunction, and Depressive Symptoms on Health-Related Quality of Life Over the 12-Month Postpartum Period.","authors":"Meng-Kuan Chiang, Wei-An Lin, Chien-Nan Lee, Shiow-Ru Chang","doi":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The physical and psychological challenges faced by postpartum women adversely affect their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, the influence of urinary incontinence (UI), sexual dysfunction, and depressive symptoms on HRQoL across the first postpartum year remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Purposes: </strong>This study was designed to investigate the association of UI, sexual dysfunction, and depressive symptoms with HRQoL and to examine changes in HRQoL across the initial 12-month postpartum period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The participants (n=613) completed the study questionnaire at four time points: 4-6 weeks and 3, 6, and 12-months postpartum. The questionnaire was mailed from a medical center maternity unit and included the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form, Female Sexual Function Index, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moderate to severe UI (β =-2.99), sexual satisfaction (β =-0.43), and lubrication (β =0.44; all p <.05) were associated with physical HRQoL over the 12-month postpartum period. Mental HRQoL was influenced by moderate to severe UI (β =-1.3), sexual satisfaction (β =0.61; both p <.05), and depressive symptoms (β =-11.07; p <.001). The lowest physical and mental HRQoL scores were identified in the first month postpartum (all p <.001). Physical HRQoL increased more significantly at 6 and 12 months than at 3-months postpartum (both p ≤.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications for practice: </strong>The first month postpartum represents a critical period for assessing HRQoL, when it is lowest. UI severity, sexual satisfaction, lubrication, and depressive symptoms were all shown to impact HRQoL significantly, indicating the need for proactive evaluations and tailored interventions by healthcare providers. Future research should identify interventions that effectively improve HRQoL during the postpartum period.</p>","PeriodicalId":94242,"journal":{"name":"The journal of nursing research : JNR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary Rehabilitation Exercise Package for Enhancing Health in Elderly COPD Patients With Frailty: An Experimental Study.","authors":"Lin-Yu Liao, Huan-Hwa Chen, Fenju Chen, Shunt-Chen Yang","doi":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000698","DOIUrl":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frailty may result in decreased physical functioning and worsen the prognosis of chronic diseases. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with an increased risk of concurrent frailty. Although pulmonary rehabilitation has demonstrated improvements in COPD outcomes, its impact on patients with frailty and COPD remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was designed to examine the effects of the pulmonary rehabilitation exercise package (PREP) on frailty, dyspnea, lower extremity muscular endurance (LEME), and walking ability (WA) in older adult COPD patients with frailty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-blind experimental design was used to study 100 elderly COPD patients with frailty, randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The experimental group (EG) received the PREP intervention, while the control group (CG) received routine care. The Clinical Frail Scale (CFS) was used to measure frailty, the Modified Medical Research Council scale was used to measure dyspnea, LEME was measured using the 30-second chair stand test, and functional exercise capacity (i.e., walking ability or WA) was measured using the 6-minute walk distance. All measurements were taken at three time points: baseline (preintervention), 1 week postintervention, and 1 month postintervention. Between-group and within-group differences and variations in repeated measurements over time were compared using independent t tests, paired t tests, and generalized estimating equations (GEE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 91 participants completed the study, with 9 participants lost to follow-up. No significant between-group differences were found at baseline in terms of characteristics, frailty, dyspnea, LEME, and WA. Applying difference-in-differences, the EG outperformed the CG in terms of dyspnea and WA at both 1-week and 1-month follow-ups, while the EG significantly outperformed the CG on all measures at the 1-month follow-up. Within-group comparisons also revealed significant improvements in the EG compared with the CG. Using GEE to examine the interaction, the EG demonstrated significantly better improvements in dyspnea, LEME, and WA than the CG at the 1-month mark.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications for future practice: </strong>The results show that PREP has the potential to significantly improve health in older adults with frailty and COPD by addressing frailty, dyspnea, LEME, and WA. PREP may be implemented as a subacute health care model to manage COPD-related debilitation in hospital settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94242,"journal":{"name":"The journal of nursing research : JNR","volume":" ","pages":"e413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rebuilding a Sustainable Nursing Workforce: From Evidence to Action.","authors":"Piao-Yi Chiou","doi":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000709","DOIUrl":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000709","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94242,"journal":{"name":"The journal of nursing research : JNR","volume":"33 5","pages":"e408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual Characteristics Associated With Successful Pregnancy Within 6 Months Among Women Planning to Conceive.","authors":"Tzu Ling Chen, Li-Yin Chien","doi":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Enhanced awareness/understanding of menstrual cycle characteristics and the ovulation period can help raise the rate of natural conception among women planning to conceive. The multidimensional nature of menstrual characteristics and their relationship with conception have been rarely addressed in the literature.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study describes five menstrual cycle characteristics and explores their association with conception and time to pregnancy (TTP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective longitudinal study was conducted between August 2018 and September 2019, with a total of 289 women participating. All of the participants were planning to become pregnant and were interviewed in person during the baseline examination. Menstrual cycle characteristics were recorded from the time participants joined the study through a minimum of three subsequent cycles. Five cycle characteristics were recorded, including overall length, number of days of bleeding, signs of ovulation, occurrence of dysmenorrhea, and occurrence of blood clots. Signs of ovulation were defined as a drop in basal body temperature lasting 1-2 days accompanied by a positive ovulation test result. Pregnancy outcomes and TTP were recorded over the first 6 months after enrollment as a participant in this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly half (44.6%) of the participants became pregnant during the 6-month observation period, and the mean TTP of the sample was 81.9 (SD=38.1) days. Based on the 1,321 menstrual cycles recorded in this study, the Cox proportional hazards regression results identified participants aged 30-35 years as more likely to become pregnant than those under 30. Having a menstrual cycle length of 27-32 days, bleeding for 5-6 days, signs of ovulation on Days 13-16, and lack of dysmenorrhea or blood clots in the menstrual period were identified as predictors of pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications for practice: </strong>Health care providers should assist women planning to conceive in monitoring their menstrual cycles and devising strategies to optimize them, reduce dysmenorrhea and blood clots, and use ovulation test strips to enhance natural conceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94242,"journal":{"name":"The journal of nursing research : JNR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Relationship of Well-Being and Resilience on Sense of Personal Accomplishment Among Nurse Practitioners: A Cross-Sectional Correlational Study.","authors":"Chih-Lin Hsu, Hsuan-Man Hung, Chen-Ju Chen, Huan-Fang Lee","doi":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nurse practitioners (NPs) play a pivotal role in controlling rising health care expenses and addressing patient preferences and emerging health disparities. However, their work may lead to work-related stress, low well-being, low resilience, and a decreased sense of personal accomplishment.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between well-being and resilience, respectively, with sense of personal accomplishment in the context of NPs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on NPs in a medical center in southern Taiwan. The three instruments used to collect study data included the Well-being Index for well-being, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25) for resilience, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey-Chinese version for personal accomplishment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Good well-being, moderate resilience, and a high level of personal accomplishment were found in the 126 NP participants. Those who were married had a higher mean level of personal accomplishment, explaining 6.2% of the total variance. Well-being and two dimensions of resilience (1) personal competence and high standards and (2) positive acceptance of change and secure relationships were also identified as significant predictors of personal accomplishment, explaining 48.5% of the total variance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications for practice: </strong>Sense of personal accomplishment is significantly impacted by well-being and several aspects (i.e., personal competence, high standards, and acceptance of change) of resilience. Health care managers should develop and implement strategies focused on reinforcing resilience and well-being to strengthen the sense of personal accomplishment in NPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94242,"journal":{"name":"The journal of nursing research : JNR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation and Validation of the Bahasa Version of the Diabetes Obstacles Questionnaire-Short Version Among Indonesians With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Siti Fadlilah, Wahyu Rochdiat Murdhiono, Mohammad Hendra Setia Lesmana, Herry Susanto, Ratsiri Thato, Yohanes Andy Rias, Hsiu Ting Tsai","doi":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Diabetes Obstacles Questionnaire-Short Version is a tool for measuring the quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, the validity and reliability of this tool has never been tested in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was designed to adapt and validate a Bahasa Indonesia version of the Diabetes Obstacles Questionnaire-Short Version for Indonesians with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from July to November 2023, and accidental sampling was used to recruit and enroll 1,116 participants. Convergence testing used the Diabetes Quality of Life questionnaire. The validity test used construct and convergent validities with significant Pearson correlations, and construct validity included exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability testing used Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, and average variance extracted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed nine factors with a factor loading per item of >.45, a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test score of .915, and significant Bartlett's test of sphericity results. The Cronbach's alpha value for all items was .930, and those of individual factors ranged from .730 to .848. The test-retest results with interclass correlation coefficients ranged from .910 to .973. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicate that this instrument has an acceptable model fit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications for practice: </strong>The Bahasa Indonesia Diabetes Obstacles Questionnaire-Short Version produces valid and reliable results for measuring quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. The sufficient but small number of items allows the questionnaire to be completed relatively quickly, making it useful in clinical settings. The subscales in this instrument may be used simultaneously or separately based on individual needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94242,"journal":{"name":"The journal of nursing research : JNR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Nursing Managers' Ethical Leadership on Clinical Nurse Empowerment, Performance, and Organizational Commitment.","authors":"Jihun Kim, Seok Hee Jeong, Hee Sun Kim, Myung Ha Lee","doi":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000689","DOIUrl":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective leadership by nursing unit managers can empower nurses, which is known to positively affect their performance and organizational commitment. However, a paucity of studies has investigated the mediating role of empowerment on the relationship between ethical leadership and the performance and organizational commitment of nurses.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was designed to investigate empowerment as a mediator between the ethical leadership of nursing managers and the professional performance and organizational commitment of clinical nurses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred and twenty nurses working in tertiary general hospitals in South Korea participated in an online survey conducted from August 1 to September 30, 2020. Mediation analysis was performed using the Hayes PROCESS macro for SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Empowerment was found to mediate the relationship between ethical nursing leadership and, respectively, clinical nurse performance and organizational commitment. Notably, ethical nursing leadership was also found to directly influence organizational commitment in clinical nurses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications for practice: </strong>Empowerment significantly and positively mediates the influence of ethical nursing leadership on key nursing productivity outcomes such as nursing performance and organizational commitment. Thus, empowering clinical nurses is critical to improving their performance and organizational commitment. Ethical leadership by nursing unit managers can help empower nurses and improve their performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94242,"journal":{"name":"The journal of nursing research : JNR","volume":"33 4","pages":"e400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Influence of Mindful Self-Care on Workplace Engagement Among Nurses: A Path Analysis.","authors":"Nasra Abdelhadi, Irit Bluvstein, Ronit Kigli-Shemesh, Semyon Melnikov","doi":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000688","DOIUrl":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Work engagement in nurses is influenced by a variety of factors, with compassion fatigue identified as a negative predictor and resilience identified as a positive predictor. Although mindful self-care (MSC) may influence work engagement, this potential relationship has not been validated in the literature.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was designed to examine the relationship between MSC and work engagement in a sample population of nurses in Israel and to investigate the potential mediating effects of compassion fatigue, resilience, and internal health locus of control (IHLC) on this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quantitative cross-sectional study design was used, and data were collected from 845 nurses working in different clinical settings in Israel. A self-administered questionnaire was administered online between March and June 2023 to assess MSC, compassion fatigue, resilience, IHLC, and work engagement. A hypothesized model based on the Job Demands-Resources Theory was proposed. Descriptive statistics and path analysis were utilized in data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed model demonstrated a good fit with the empirical data, explaining 17.2% of the variance in work engagement. Direct relationships were identified between work engagement and, respectively, MSC, compassion fatigue, resilience, and IHLC (β=-0.131, p < .01; β=0.011, p < .01; β=0.116, p < .05; β=0.280, p < .01, respectively). The relationship between MSC and work engagement was shown to be mediated by compassion fatigue and resilience (β=0.068, p < .01), while compassion fatigue was shown to partially mediate the relationship between MSC and resilience (β=0.025, p <01). IHLC was not found to be significantly associated with work engagement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MSC is a significant predictor of work engagement among nurses. Practicing MSC increases personal resilience and prevents compassion fatigue, leading to higher work engagement. Thus, we recommend nurse managers promote the regular practice of MSC, along with traditional self-care behaviors, among nurses to improve work engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":94242,"journal":{"name":"The journal of nursing research : JNR","volume":" ","pages":"e403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurately Identifying Risk Factors Specific to Women is Crucial to Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk.","authors":"Chii Jeng","doi":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000699","DOIUrl":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000699","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94242,"journal":{"name":"The journal of nursing research : JNR","volume":"33 4","pages":"e397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronotype and Sleep Quality in College Students Undergoing Clinical Placement: A Moderated Moderation Model of Sleep Reactivity and Resilience.","authors":"Renny Wulan Apriliyasari, Jia-Wei Liu, Chia-Wen Chou, Jin-Hua Chen, Pei-Shan Tsai","doi":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000681","DOIUrl":"10.1097/jnr.0000000000000681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronotype, also referred to as morningness and eveningness, describes the natural preference of the body for wakefulness or sleep at different times during a 24-hour period. Individuals demonstrating late chronotypes and low resilience tend to have poor sleep quality, and the association between late chronotypes and sleep quality is known to be moderated by sleep reactivity. The mediating roles of sleep reactivity and psychological resilience in the association between chronotype and sleep quality in college students under situations of high stress have yet to be investigated.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was designed to evaluate the degree to which resilience moderates the moderating role of sleep reactivity on the association between chronotype and sleep quality in college students undergoing clinical placement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study involving 225 college students undergoing clinical placement was conducted. The Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality, chronotype was assessed using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, sleep reactivity and resilience were respectively assessed using Ford's Insomnia Response to Stress Test and Brief Resilience Scale, and the SPSS PROCESS macro Version 4.3 (Hayes) was employed in moderated moderation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Resilience was shown to moderate the relationship between sleep reactivity and sleep quality (β=0.079, p =.039) as well as the moderating role of sleep reactivity in the chronotype-sleep quality relationship (β=-0.002, p =.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, sleep reactivity and chronotype both exhibited inverse effects on sleep quality in the moderate- and high-resilience groups. However, those in the low-resilience group with high sleep reactivity exhibited low sleep quality regardless of chronotype. Considering these findings, sleep reactivity and resilience should be adequately monitored during interventions designed to enhance sleep quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":94242,"journal":{"name":"The journal of nursing research : JNR","volume":" ","pages":"e398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}