The Angle orthodontist最新文献

{"title":"Clinical comparison of different debonding techniques of clear aligner attachments: a single-center, split-mouth randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Gediz Aksoz Oner, Hande Gorucu Coskuner, Bengisu Akarsu Guven, Ezgi Atik","doi":"10.2319/030426-193.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/030426-193.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate effectiveness of different debonding methods for aligner attachments regarding pain level, attachment removal time, and remnant adhesive amount.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Thirty-two patients (13 female and 19 male; mean age: 26.0 ± 7.9 years) who underwent aligner attachment debonding were included. Attachments were debonded using two different techniques with a split-mouth design. For each patient, two diagonal quadrants were debonded with an adhesive removal plier (Plier group, n = 296), and contralateral quadrants with a 24-blade carbide bur (Bur group, n = 294). In the Plier group, a carbide bur was also used to remove remaining adhesive after debonding with pliers. Pain levels were recorded using a numeric rating scale (NRS) for anterior and posterior segments. In the Plier group, adhesive remnants were scored using adhesive remnant index. Average removal time per attachment was measured. Data were analyzed with Wilcoxon signed-rank, Mann-Whitney U, and Pearson's χ2 tests (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Removal time per attachment was slightly longer with the Bur group; however, this difference was not statistically significant. In lower posterior segments, NRS scores were significantly higher with the Bur technique (median 2.0) compared to the Plier technique (median 1.0, P = .028). After plier debonding, ARI (adhesive remnant index) score \"1\" was more frequent in optimized (60.8%) than conventional (43.5%) attachments (P = .004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both debonding techniques yielded clinically similar results. The Bur technique resulted in significantly higher pain only in lower posterior segments. Adhesive removal pliers were effective for optimized and conventional attachments, usually leaving less than half of the adhesive.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of platelet lysate on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a single-center, split-mouth, randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Priyanka Veeramani, Sagarika Pillai, Prabhakar Krishnan, Thangabalu Rajamuthu, Karthikraja Selvarajan","doi":"10.2319/030426-195.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/030426-195.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the effect of autologous platelet lysate (APL) on rate of orthodontic canine retraction and to measure levels of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (sRANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) over a period of 2 months.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This split-mouth trial included 13 patients, with 28 sites randomly allocated to either the experimental or control side. After leveling and aligning, 0.6 mL of APL was injected buccally, distally, and palatally on the experimental side at T0 (baseline, day 1) and T31 (day 31). Canine retraction was performed using NiTi closed-coil springs (150 g). Digital models at T0 (baseline day 1), T30 (day 30), and T60 (day 60) were used to measure canine retraction rate. OPG and sRANKL levels from GCF samples were measured at days 0, 1, 7, 21, 30, 31, 37, 51, and 60 via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant difference was found in the rate of canine retraction at any time interval. OPG levels showed a statistically significant difference at T0 and T21; however, no significant differences were observed across any other time intervals. sRANKL remained stable throughout all intervals, except for a small late decrease at T60 on the control side.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>APL did not significantly enhance the rate of canine retraction, and OPG and sRANKL levels showed no consistent changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the effects of Hanks Herbst vs twin block following the removal of fixed appliances in Class II correction: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Ama Johal, Balraj Gill, Shree Patel, Kenneth Koh Shou Bin, Moaiyad M Pacha","doi":"10.2319/121525-1036.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/121525-1036.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate and compare the efficiency of Hanks Herbst (HH) and twin block (TB) functional appliances in the treatment of adolescents with Class II malocclusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial, stratified by sex, was conducted in a single United Kingdom hospital. Eighty adolescents (10-14 years) with overjet ≥ 7 mm were randomized 1:1 to HH or TB. Participants received either a fixed HH or removable TB appliance, followed by comprehensive fixed appliance therapy. Skeletal and dental outcomes were assessed as well as patient-reported outcomes. The primary outcome was time to reduce overjet to < 4 mm; secondary outcomes included skeletal or dental changes, peer assessment rating scores, treatment duration and failure, and oral health-related quality of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the completion of the functional phase (T1), HH demonstrated significantly greater overjet reduction (1.3 mm; P < .001), improved molar relationships, and increased mandibular length (2 mm; P = .03). By the completion of full treatment (T2), most skeletal and dental differences were no longer significant, except for a small residual overjet favoring TB (0.6 mm). Peer assessment rating scores improved substantially in both groups, with no significant differences at T2 (HH = 4.6 ± 4.2; TB = 4.1 ± 3.4; P = .60). Patient-reported outcomes at T2 were largely similar, although TB participants reported higher embarrassment at T1 (46% vs 18%). Treatment failures were higher in the TB group (37.5% vs 17.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The HH appliance provides efficient short-term overjet correction. However, following comprehensive fixed appliance therapy, skeletal, occlusal, and patient-reported outcomes are comparable between HH and TB. Both clinical effectiveness and patient experience should guide functional appliance selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do plaque-disclosing tablets improve oral hygiene in patients with bonded lingual retainers - a randomized controlled clinical trial?","authors":"Ayşegül Dağdelen, Mehmet Ali Yavan, Nihal Hamamcı","doi":"10.2319/011126-37.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/011126-37.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the effect of plaque-disclosing tablet (PDT) instructions on periodontal parameters in patients with bonded lingual retainers (LR).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty-two patients with bonded mandibular lingual retainers were randomly allocated to two groups. The traditional oral hygiene instruction (TOHI) group (n = 21; 17 females, four males) received conventional verbal and visual oral hygiene education. The plaque-disclosing tablet instruction (PDTI) group (n = 21; 18 females, three males) received the same instructions as the TOHI group plus specific education on the use of PDT. An additional control group without lingual retainers (n = 21; 14 females, seven males) received identical instructions as the TOHI group. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), calculus index (CI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded on the mandibular anterior teeth immediately after retainer placement (T0), at 3 months (T1), and at 6 months (T2). Statistical analyses were performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), least significant difference test, Tamhane T2 test, chi-square test, and repeated-measures ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At T1, TOHI and PDTI groups exhibited significantly higher periodontal scores compared with the control group (eg, PI: TOHI 0.86 ± 0.65, PDTI 0.62 ± 0.65, control 0.27 ± 0.17; P < .05). At T2, periodontal parameters in the PDTI group were significantly lower than in the TOHI group whereas no significant differences were found between the PDTI and control groups (P > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of plaque-disclosing tablets in patients with bonded lingual retainers may improve periodontal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal symmetry after presurgical nasoalveolar molding in unilateral cleft lip and palate: a 6-year quantitative follow-up.","authors":"Wasmiya AlHayyan, Mohammed Alkhamis, Abrar Alanzi","doi":"10.2319/091525-769.1","DOIUrl":"10.2319/091525-769.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the midterm impact of the presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) technique on nasal symmetry in children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CUCLP), from a submental perspective, following surgical repair.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Submental-view photographs from 39 children were analyzed: PNAM (n = 13), no PNAM (N-PNAM; n = 13), and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 13). CUCLP participants were 7-9 years old, had ≥ 6-year follow-up after primary repair, and were assessed prior to secondary alveolar bone grafting. Left-to-right ratios for nostril dome height, columella length, columella width, and alar width were compared using one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Columella width was greater in PNAM (1.16 ± 0.24) than N-PNAM (0.93 ± 0.18; P = .02; mean difference 0.23; 95% confidence interval = 0.07, 0.39). No between-groups differences were found for nostril dome height, columella length, or alar width (P > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>After 6 years of follow-up, PNAM was associated with greater columella-width symmetry in children with CUCLP, while other nasal parameters were comparable among groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of vibrational force on neighboring teeth: a finite element analysis.","authors":"Dongcai Wang, Mohammadmehdi Niroobakhsh, Jie Chen","doi":"10.2319/100725-844.1","DOIUrl":"10.2319/100725-844.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine force distribution on the maxillary dentition under a vibrational force (VF) with two frequencies on the left canine (L-CA) using a finite element model (FEM) to quantify effects on targeted and neighboring teeth and to understand effects of different orthodontic appliances on distribution of VF.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three-dimensional FEMs of a human maxilla were created. Models included teeth, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, brackets, archwire, and mouthpiece. Brackets with nine different types of archwires were tested. A VF (0.3 N) with two frequencies was applied to the L-CA. Force distributions on teeth corresponding to the archwires were calculated. FEM was validated experimentally.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Peak load (PL) distribution on teeth was bell shaped with maximum force on the L-CA. The L-CA received the most external force (50-82%); the left lateral incisor (L-LI) and first premolar (L-1PM) received between 7% and 18% each, and the left central incisor (L-CI) and second premolar (L-2PM) received only 1-6% each. Increasing wire stiffness caused decrease of force on the L-CA and increase on neighboring teeth. Rectangular wire was stiffer than round wire. The 0.022 × 0.028-in archwire decreased force on the L-CA to 50% and increased force on the L-LI and L-1PM to 15% each. Both magnitudes and distributions of PL corresponding to the two frequencies were similar.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>External force is primarily withstood by the L-CA and has significantly reduced impact on neighboring teeth. Archwire stiffness reduction increases the proportion of the force on the L-CA, which is desired to ensure the stimulation effect is localized.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of three-dimensional scan and conventional indirect bonding methods for bracket positioning accuracy: an in vitro study.","authors":"Mohammad Amin Tavakkoli, Reza Jebal, Parisa Salehi, Shabnam Ajami","doi":"10.2319/110725-924.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/110725-924.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare transfer accuracy between a three-dimensionally (3D) printed transfer jig and a conventional silicone tray in an in vitro setting using 3D linear measurements.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>3D intraoral scans were obtained from four patients. Sixteen 3D-printed models (eight maxillary, eight mandibular) were prepared for each group. In Group 1, brackets were digitally positioned using 3Shape Ortho Analyzer software and transferred from working to posttransfer models using eight 3D-printed jigs. In Group 2, eight silicone trays were fabricated for bracket transfer. Working and posttransfer models were superimposed using Geomagic software, and divergence was summarized as the median and interquartile range. Tooth-level deviations between methods were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, stratified by arch and tooth type. Statistical significance was set at P < .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although a statistically significant difference between methods was observed (P = .024), median deviations for both methods were within the American Board of Orthodontics clinically acceptable limit (≤0.5 mm). In the mandible, the 3D-printed jig group showed smaller positional deviations than the conventional method (P < .001). Conversely, in the maxilla, the conventional method showed smaller positional deviations (P = .003). Deviations occurred most often in the vertical and horizontal directions in the 3D-printed jig group and in the transverse and vertical directions in the conventional group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 3D-printed jig demonstrated greater accuracy in the mandible, while the conventional silicone tray was more accurate in the maxilla. However, the differences were not clinically significant, and both techniques achieved clinically acceptable bracket transfer accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ comparison of thermoplastic and thermoset orthodontic elastomeric chains after 30 days of intraoral exposure.","authors":"Joao Tadeu Graciano, Ana Karolina Almeida de Lima, Sandrine Bittencourt Berger, Paula Vanessa Pedron Oltramari, Ricardo Danil Guiraldo, Renata Rodrigues de Almeida-Pedrin, Thais Fernandes Poleti","doi":"10.2319/122925-1061.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/122925-1061.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare viscoelastic behavior of thermoplastic and thermoset elastomeric chains after 30 days of intraoral exposure and to evaluate influence of color on mechanical performance and color stability.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty patients in the retention phase wore Hawley retainers containing four elastomeric chain segments: gray thermoplastic, transparent thermoplastic, gray thermoset, and transparent thermoset (n = 20 per group). Chains were stretched to a standardized distance of 20 mm and worn intraorally for 30 days. Dimensional deformation, tensile force at 20 mm and at 2 × and 3 × stretching, rupture force, and color change were assessed at baseline and after intraoral exposure. Data were analyzed using factorial analysis of variance with Tukey's post hoc test and paired t-tests (α = .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thermoplastic elastomeric chains exhibited significantly greater permanent deformation than thermoset chains (P < .0001). Although thermoplastics generated higher initial tensile forces, they showed greater force degradation after intraoral exposure, whereas thermoset elastomers maintained higher residual forces at the tested activation distance of 20 mm. Thermoplastic chains exhibited higher rupture forces but greater reductions from baseline, while thermoset elastomers demonstrated superior elastic recovery. Transparent elastomers showed greater color change (ΔE) than gray elastomers; however, all ΔE values remained within clinically acceptable limits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>After 30 days of intraoral exposure, thermoset elastomeric chains demonstrated superior mechanical stability and force retention compared with thermoplastic chains. Although transparent elastomers were more susceptible to discoloration, esthetic changes remained clinically acceptable. These findings reflect elastomeric behavior under controlled intraoral conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dentoskeletal and soft tissue effects of clear aligner mandibular advancement appliances versus Activator for skeletal Class II malocclusion: a retrospective clinical study.","authors":"Jiamin Zhao, Maryan Ateek, Zhen Lu, Peter Mei, Jianglin Zhou, Dongning Li, Lingxia Zeng, Menghong Li, Kun Qi","doi":"10.2319/062025-502.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/062025-502.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare soft tissue changes and improvements in facial esthetics between Activator and mandibular advancement (MA) treatment using three-dimensional (3D) facial images and two-dimensional (2D) cephalometric analysis. Second, to assess dentoskeletal effects of Activator and MA through 2D cephalometric evaluation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 70 growing patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion (Activator: n = 37; MA: n = 33) were included. Lateral cephalograms and 3D facial images (3dMD face system, Atlanta, Georgia, USA) were analyzed to assess dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes before and after treatment. Point-to-point registration followed by a precision best-fit approach was applied to superimpose the 3D photographs, focusing on 3D analysis of the whole face and seven soft tissue regions. Cephalometric analysis was conducted to quantify dentoskeletal and soft tissue effects. The multivariate Hotelling's T2 test was applied to compare the composite treatment outcomes between MA and Activator groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All soft tissue regions except the upper lip significantly increased from pre- to post-treatment. MA produced greater correction of soft tissue convexity (2.57°) and chin with sl-VL increasing 0.97 mm more than the Activator. Skeletal and dental parameters improved over time in both treatments. U1-SN and overjet significantly decreased more in MA (5.57° and 3.49 mm) than Activator (3.51° and 2.25 mm).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Activator and MA effectively advanced the mandible, retracted upper incisors, reduced overjet, and improved soft tissue profile. MA is more effective in improving upper incisor proclination and facial profile esthetics than the Activator.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of cone-beam computed tomography image quality on artificial intelligence-driven three-dimensional tooth segmentation and evaluation of external apical root resorption.","authors":"Raquel Senén-Carramolino, Estrella Navarro-Fraile, Alexandra Dehesa-Santos, Liselotte Paulsson, Alejandro Iglesias-Linares","doi":"10.2319/092125-785.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/092125-785.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the reliability of the diagnostic method using Diagnocat artificial intelligence (AI)-generated standard tessellation language (STL) files and Geomagic Wrap software and to evaluate whether cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) quality influences the consistency of AI-based segmentation and related measurements.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty orthodontic patients (20 from Spain and 20 from Sweden) were analyzed at two treatment time points (T0: beginning; T1: before using stainless-steel wires). STL files for each upper incisor were analyzed in Geomagic Wrap considering volume loss and tooth length. Reproducibility was assessed through repeated tooth reconstruction in an AI model, and the impact of the mesh correction tool and CBCT type was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intraobserver and interobserver reliability was high (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.93). AI reconstructions were highly consistent. No significant differences were found between STL generations, except in one case. Mesh correction significantly affected volume measurements in the teeth from higher-dose CBCT scans. No significant differences were found between CBCT types in either root volume (P = .861) or length loss (P = .082). Analysis of variance showed no significant differences between CBCT types.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The method is reproducible and reliable for linear and volumetric external apical root resorption (EARR) measurements using AI-generated STL models. CBCT image quality does not appear to influence volume measurements. Mild EARR was observed between T0 and T1, with no significant differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148335387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}