Southern African journal of HIV medicine最新文献

{"title":"Perceptions and experiences of men on antiretroviral treatment lost to follow-up in Govan Mbeki, Mpumalanga.","authors":"Sbongile C Jiane, Mahlatse L Moropeng, Ndumiso Tshuma","doi":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1730","DOIUrl":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retention on antiretroviral treatment (ART) is essential for achieving viral suppression and preventing HIV transmission. However, men living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately lost to follow-up (LTFU), posing significant public health challenges.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the perceptions, experiences and barriers to ART adherence among men LTFU on ART treatment at three primary healthcare (PHC) facilities in the Govan Mbeki sub-district, Mpumalanga.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Qualitative, descriptive, and explorative contextual research methodologies were used to collect data among 21 LTFU men from three PHC facilities in the Govan Mbeki sub-district. Participants were selected using heterogenous purposive sampling, and the sample size was determined by data saturation. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted from May 2024 to July 2024. The data were thematically analysed using NVivo 14.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study identified key factors affecting ART adherence among men, including stigma, work-related barriers, long clinic waiting times, and medication side effects. Economic pressures, poor service delivery, and negative attitudes from healthcare staff further contributed to ART default. Suggested improvements include extended service hours, male-friendly environments, and better communication with healthcare providers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the complex interplay of barriers driving ART disengagement among men and highlights the need for multi-pronged strategies to improve retention. Addressing these barriers is critical for achieving equitable HIV care outcomes and advancing progress toward the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 95-95-95 targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":94212,"journal":{"name":"Southern African journal of HIV medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13348197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymptomatic <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> infection in men who have sex with men living with HIV.","authors":"Remco P H Peters, Derek Manis, Hyunsul Jung, Lindsey de Vos, Freedom Mukomana, Buntu Mahlobisa, Renilwe Molaoa, Aphiwe Metula, Cikizwa Bongo, Oscar Radebe, Helen Struthers, Joseph Daniels","doi":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1784","DOIUrl":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>South Africa faces overlapping epidemics of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). Data on asymptomatic <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> infections in MSM living with HIV are limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence and incidence of asymptomatic <i>C. trachomatis</i> and <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> infections among MSM living with HIV.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a pilot randomised controlled trial of the HIV coping and disclosure management intervention among 88 MSM living with HIV in Buffalo City, South Africa. Sexually transmitted infection screening for <i>C. trachomatis</i> and <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> was performed at baseline and at a 17-week follow-up using nucleic acid amplification testing of urine and rectal swabs. Univariable logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between conceptually important individual-level variables and any STI at baseline and week 17 of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age was 30 years in the intervention arm and 33 years in the control arm. At enrolment, most participants had an undetectable HIV viral load (79.1% intervention vs 80.0% control). Syphilis positivity was higher in the intervention arm (9.3% vs 2.3%). Baseline prevalence of STIs was high, including urethral and rectal <i>C. trachomatis</i> and <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> infections. At week 17, STI prevalence was similar between arms (27.9% intervention vs 28.9% control). Univariable analyses did not identify any factors associated with STI at follow-up in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Asymptomatic STIs are highly prevalent and incident among MSM living with HIV in South Africa. Findings highlight the need to strengthen STI prevention, treatment and care services, and to innovative interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94212,"journal":{"name":"Southern African journal of HIV medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1784"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13243760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Unlocking insights into HIV care: An in-depth analysis of key populations from the Fast-Track Cities Quality of Care survey in eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.","authors":"Somasundram Pillay, Nombulelo Magula, Nceba Gqaleni, Deepak Singh, José M Zúñiga","doi":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1802.].</p>","PeriodicalId":94212,"journal":{"name":"Southern African journal of HIV medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1836"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13243839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical presentation and treatment outcomes in a South African thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura cohort with and without HIV.","authors":"Nokubonga Vundla, Jenique Bailly, Karryn Brown, Jenna Oosthuizen, Estelle Verburgh","doi":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1795","DOIUrl":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV is the most common cause of secondary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the clinical presentations and outcomes of patients treated for HIV-associated and idiopathic TTP.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients consecutively diagnosed with TTP from 2010 to 2020 at Groote Schuur Hospital. Patients were identified by reviewing hospital and Western Cape Blood Services records. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to evaluate remission rates, both overall and by HIV status and treatment group. Logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of remission and relapse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and thirty-nine patients were included, 85.6% of whom were HIV positive. There were no significant differences in the TTP pentad features by HIV status. Most patients achieved remission (71.9%) with a median time of eight days. Remission occurred significantly earlier in those treated with fresh frozen plasma only, suggesting less severe disease (median = 8 days [interquartile range 6-10]), compared to those requiring plasma exchange, suggesting more severe disease (median = 12 days [interquartile range 8-22]). The overall mortality in the 10-year period was 38.9%, with 10.8% of the surviving patients relapsing after 6 months. There were no significant differences in remission status, time to remission, mortality or relapse by HIV status. All HIV-positive patients who relapsed had defaulted their antiretroviral therapy (ART).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HIV status did not affect patient outcomes in our cohort. ART is important in preventing HIV-associated TTP and relapse.</p>","PeriodicalId":94212,"journal":{"name":"Southern African journal of HIV medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1795"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13149650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147871089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning in HIV testing interventions in Gauteng Province, South Africa: Opportunities, challenges, and implementation strategies.","authors":"Musa Jaiteh, Edith Phalane, Yegnanew A Shiferaw, Refilwe N Phaswana-Mafuya","doi":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1797","DOIUrl":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Conventional HIV testing approaches continue to fall short of overcoming barriers to HIV testing, especially among key and priority populations at higher risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning present a unique opportunity to strengthen prioritised HIV testing through risk prediction and enhanced diagnostic tools.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study discussed stakeholders' views on opportunities, challenges, contextual considerations and an implementation roadmap and strategic recommendations for integrating AI and machine learning into HIV testing in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This qualitative study recruited 15 stakeholders in Gauteng Province, using individual semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Thematic content analysis was performed, and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to map the implementation roadmap of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four superordinate themes were identified: perceived benefits, challenges, ethical considerations and implementation strategies. The study discussed the opportunity to leverage AI to enhance HIV testing through HIV risk prediction, self-testing support and advanced, accurate diagnostics. However, technological access, digital divide, resource constraints, privacy concerns, skill gaps and staff resistance, among other barriers, were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The implementation design should incorporate the perspectives of all stakeholders involved in HIV testing to address human factors and ethical concerns surrounding AI use.</p>","PeriodicalId":94212,"journal":{"name":"Southern African journal of HIV medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13149923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma: Advanced disease and high mortality of patients referred to a multidisciplinary clinic in South Africa, 2022-2024.","authors":"Caitlin S Turner, Tamsin Lovelock, Zahiera Ismail, Henriette Burger, Hans W Prozesky, Jantjie Taljaard","doi":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1803","DOIUrl":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kaposi sarcoma (KS) remains the most common HIV-associated malignancy in South Africa and continues to contribute substantially to the national disease burden, despite the widespread availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) since 2004.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients referred to a multidisciplinary HIV-associated KS clinic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective, descriptive cohort study was conducted at a South African tertiary hospital, including patients diagnosed with HIV-associated KS between January 2022 and December 2024. Data were deidentified, pooled, and analysed using descriptive statistics and univariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 137 patients were included. Most were on ART at the time of KS diagnosis, with a median CD4 count of 122 cells/µL. Advanced disease was common, with 85% of patients presenting with AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) poor risk tumour stage KS, including 43% with visceral involvement. The 1-year all-cause mortality rate was 38%, with visceral KS and lower CD4 counts on presentation being significantly associated with increased risk of death. HIV viral suppression was associated with improved survival, while duration of ART prior to KS diagnosis did not significantly affect outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the late stage at presentation and poor prognosis of HIV-associated KS in this cohort, underscoring the urgent need for improved retention in HIV care and earlier diagnosis of KS.</p>","PeriodicalId":94212,"journal":{"name":"Southern African journal of HIV medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13149589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking insights into HIV care: An in-depth analysis of key populations from the Fast-Track Cities Quality of Care survey in eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.","authors":"Somasundram Pillay, Nombulelo Magula, Nceba Gqaleni, Deepak Singh, Zuniga M Jose","doi":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1802","DOIUrl":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Key populations experience disproportionate HIV burdens and structural barriers to care.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare healthcare utilisation, HIV knowledge and barriers between key population groups (KPG) and non-key populations living with HIV in eThekwini, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed the eThekwini Fast-Track Cities Quality of Care survey, a cross-sectional study across 30 high-HIV-burden facilities (April to July 2023). Adults living with HIV completed anonymous questionnaires; groups were compared using <i>χ</i> ² tests and multivariable logistic regression for partner notification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 517 analysed participants, 128 (24.8%) were KPG. KPG participants were younger, more recently diagnosed (< 1 year: 9.4% vs 1.3%) and more often on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 1-4 years (52.3% vs 33.4%), with similar daily adherence (~83%). KPG were more likely to access care via non-governmental organisations (NGOs; 23.4% vs 5.7%). Controls more often understood undetectable viral load (36.0% vs 21.9%) and that treatment benefits outweigh side effects (65.3% vs 42.9%). KPG more frequently reported undetectable viral load (55.5% vs 29.8%), more frequent screening for co-morbid conditions, and transport-cost barriers (15.6% vs 8.2%). In KPG, NGO care was associated with partner notification (adjusted odds ratio 18.06; 95% confidence interval 4.77-68.41).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are marked differences between KPG and adults with HIV in healthcare utilisation, HIV knowledge and structural barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":94212,"journal":{"name":"Southern African journal of HIV medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13149533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and incidence of physical and sexual intimate partner violence perpetration among adolescent boys living with and without HIV.","authors":"Phumla Madi, Candice W Ramsammy, Avy Violari, Xiaoyue Zhang, Stefanie Hornschuh, Janan J Dietrich, Busisiwe Nkala-Dlamini, Rachel Kidman","doi":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1780","DOIUrl":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV incidence rise substantially during adolescence. While surveys from African countries suggest that adult men living with HIV were more likely to be perpetrators of IPV, less is known about boys living with perinatal HIV (PHIV).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To measure the prevalence and incidence of IPV perpetration between adolescents who acquired HIV perinatally and their HIV-negative peers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Adolescents 15-19 years old, in a sexual or dating relationship, were followed up for 1 year in Soweto, South Africa. We examined prevalence of IPV perpetration using a baseline survey and incidence using weekly prospective mobile phone surveys. Data were collected on emotional, physical, and sexual IPV. Associations between HIV status and IPV were estimated using logistic regression for lifetime and past-year perpetration, and generalised linear mixed models for past 24-h perpetration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 498 participants, 251 were living with PHIV, and 247 were HIV-negative at baseline. Lifetime and past-year IPV perpetration were reported by 52% (PHIV 50%, HIV negative 53%) and 34% (PHIV 31%, HIV negative 37%), respectively. Over 12 000 weekly mobile surveys were submitted during follow-up. Participants reported 134 incidences of physical or sexual IPV out of 5032 occasions where the mobile survey coincided with participants seeing a partner. IPV incidence was estimated as three out of every hundred person-days. There was no significant difference in the incidence of perpetration by HIV status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In 3 out of 100 encounters with a partner, physical or sexual IPV perpetration was reported. Boys living with HIV were equally likely to perpetrate violence as HIV-negative boys. Interventions targeted at boys to reduce IPV behaviour should include all adolescents. In boys living with HIV who have regular contact with healthcare providers, there is an opportunity for an intervention to potentially reduce onward HIV transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":94212,"journal":{"name":"Southern African journal of HIV medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1780"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13149721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SAHCS Guideline for the prevention, diagnosis and management of cryptococcal disease among persons living with HIV: Update to induction treatment for cryptococcal meningitis.","authors":"Nelesh P Govender, Graeme Meintjes, Jonathan Falconer, Kyla Murphy, Jeremy Nel, Helena Rabie, Lisa Frigati, Denasha L Reddy, Halima Dawood, Ebrahim Variava, Samantha Potgieter, Tom Boyles, Sarah L Stacey, Petho Mangena, Matamela C Madua, Camilla Wattrus, Mahomed-Yunus S Moosa","doi":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1789","DOIUrl":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1789","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94212,"journal":{"name":"Southern African journal of HIV medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13058496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular risk profiles in people living with HIV taking antiretroviral therapy in rural Lesotho: Findings from the PRECARIF study.","authors":"Moshao A Makhele, Anna Klicpera, Frédérique Chammartin, Jennifer A Brown, Philipp Wagner, Bataung Letuma, Moneuoa Majonothane, Niklaus D Labhardt","doi":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1779","DOIUrl":"10.4102/sajhivmed.v27i1.1779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLHIV) have near-normal life expectancies. As PLHIV get older, diagnosing and managing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) becomes important. Data on the prevalence of CVD risk factors in PLHIV in Southern Africa remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among PLHIV receiving ART in Lesotho, Southern Africa.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We prospectively enrolled PLHIV who were receiving ART and attending care at five healthcare facilities in Lesotho between 04 June 2024 and 28 October 2024. Demographic information, medical history, blood pressure, blood glucose, lipid profile, and body-mass-index were measured, and lifestyle risk factors data (tobacco use, alcohol intake, physical activity, diet) were collected. The Framingham risk score (FRS) estimated the 10-year CVD risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 343 participants, 66.2% were women, and the median age was 50 years (interquartile range 41-59 years old). The prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 49.3%, diabetes mellitus 9.6%, dyslipidaemia 70.6%, and overweight or obesity 62.7%. Tobacco use was reported by 25.7% and alcohol use by 53.6%, of whom 20.1% were heavy drinkers. Of the 343, 89.8% walked or cycled ≥ 10 min daily to commute, 40.2% reported extra salt intake, and 37.0% ate a balanced meal at most once a week. Based on the FRS, 17.6% had a medium and 12.5% a high 10-year CVD risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiovascular risk factors are highly prevalent among PLHIV on ART in Lesotho, with nearly one-third at medium or high 10-year CVD risk. These findings support integration of CVD risk management into HIV care in Lesotho.</p>","PeriodicalId":94212,"journal":{"name":"Southern African journal of HIV medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"1779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13058548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}