Revista espanola de salud publica最新文献

{"title":"[Cross sectional study of odontological incidences on board the spanish Navy flagship Juan Carlos I during its first international peacekeeping mission].","authors":"Luis Megino Blasco, José Manuel Granero Marín","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Oral health is an essential component of the general well-being and quality of life of the population. In Spain, access to dental services and emergency dental care for civilians is relatively straightforward. However, this is not the case for military personnel, especially those deployed on Navy ships that lack dental capabilities and in isolated areas where access to specialized healthcare services is complex and risky. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and management of dental pathology among Spanish military personnel aboard the LHD 61 Juan Carlos I during its first International Peacekeeping Operation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive observational study was conducted on the accumulated incidences of dental pathology and treatments performed between May 1 and June 26, 2018. The population sample consisted of 448 Spanish military personnel aboard the ship. The data were obtained from the databases of the dental activity logbook and the military statistical and health data management systems, which serve to assess the actual health status of the force.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 70 patients were treated for dental problems, with gingivitis and caries being the most prevalent conditions, accounting for 23.07% and 18.68% of cases, respectively. The most common treatments performed were dental reconstructions/fillings, making up 40% of the total, and tartar removal, accounting for 21%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding the incidence of dental pathologies on Spanish Navy ships allows us to establish the training needs of the onboard medical personnel, as well as determine the material resources that should be provided to naval units. Prevention plans and pre-deployment dental check-ups should be conducted well in advance to address any dental issues on land before personnel are deployed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142116663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[One after the other: factors influencing the abandonment of Family and Community Medicine practice in young family physicians. A qualitative study].","authors":"Ana Pereira Iglesias, Maite Cruz Piqueras, Sergio Minué Alonso","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A strong Primary Care has beneficial health effects. Its more beneficial attribute is longitudinality, which requires job stability in order to occur. In addition, Primary Care is facing a crisis due to the number of retirements it expects. The permanence of young professionals in Primary Care could contribute to improve longitudinality and the generational turnover of professionals. Therefore, this study explored the reasons that influence the abandonment of Family Medicine among young family physicians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative descriptive-interpretative study was carried out in Granada and Madrid in 2022. By means of purposive snowball sampling, young family physicians who had left their job were recruited, with whom in-depth interviews and a triangular group were carried out. The information was coded inductively and analyzed according to the thematic content analysis method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Young family physicians left Family Medicine due to the frustration of not being able to practice as they would like to, job dissatisfaction and a pessimistic view of their future as workers. The decision to leave by these young professionals had been favored by the worsening of working conditions after the pandemic and by the values they have regarding work.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The decision of young family physicians to leave the practice of Family Medicine is complex. To contribute to their permanence in Primary Care, it's necessary to improve their working conditions and increase the prestige of Family Medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Primary Health Care, adequacy of quotas and Family Care Units. A flexible model according to complexity and sociodemographic characteristics].","authors":"José Félix Reyes Rodríguez, Sonia González-Casanova González","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>COVID-19 has evidenced the importance of a Primary and Community Care (PCC), able to respond in the front line with capacity and adaptation to health and social crises. In order to reinforce its role, the Strategic Framework for Primary and Community Care was created in 2019, and one of its lines of action is to consolidate a budgetary and human resources policy. This translates into the Primary Care Action Plan 2022 and 2023, which includes the adequacy of HHRR based on the morbidity attended, health outcomes and sociodemographic characteristics. For this purpose, the development of the model for its calculation is urged. The objective of this paper was to offer a model as a guideline for the adequacy of the needs of Family Care Units (FAU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was carried out in the Tenerife Health Area, which has 41 ZBS with 97 health care centers. The variables weighted in the model were: percentage of people over 65 years of age; utilization index; complexity by GMA (Adjusted Morbidity Groups) and frequentation. An Adequate Quota Index was calculated to establish the quota for each health care center between 1,200 and 1,600 per UAF and projection to 2025.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total need for UAF increase was 62, compared to 57 with the capita criterion of 1,500, at the extremes of the model range there were 12 centers of 1,200 and 11 of 1,600.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a very heterogeneous Health Area, the model achieves a more equitable allocation without increasing in practice the need for FAUs compared to the capitated criterion.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[What about extending Specialised Health Training to architecture and engineering?]","authors":"Laura Cambra-Rufino, Fernando Ibarrola-Leiva, José León Paniagua-Caparrós","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Projects and construction management in healthcare facilities are usually assigned to architectural firms and engineering companies with previous experience. However, there is no evaluation system to ensure their level of competence in the healthcare sector. In the past, this was also the case for clinicians when they were self-appointed specialists without any supervision. Currently, the Specialised Health Training (SHT) programme in Spain is the only official specialisation pathway and consists of a period that combines training and paid healthcare practice. Similarly, but from Argentina, hospital residencies in architecture have been carried out for specialised postgraduate training. The aim of this article was to show the experience in Argentina and to propose the extension of the SHT in Spain. Our proposal consists of a programme of residencies in architecture and engineering to be developed in healthcare centres. We believe that this initiative has great potential to address health from its multiple disciplines and to reinforce the maturity of a National Health System in constant change.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11567643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Relación entre el estado ponderal y la postura del pie en escolares españoles: estudio transversal].","authors":"Lidia Martínez de Sus, Sandra Calvo, Carolina Jiménez-Sánchez, Ricardo Ros Mar, Iva Marques-Lopes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Childhood flatfoot and overweight can affect children's quality of life and influence their development, increasing the risk of musculoskeletal problems in adulthood. There is evidence linking overweight to the development of childhood flatfoot. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the weight status of school children and their foot posture and to determine whether there are differences between both sexes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study (2021) in a sample of schoolchildren (n=296, 153 boys and 143 girls, mean age 8.5±2.7) from Colegio San Agustín in Zaragoza was carried out. Foot posture was assessed according to the foot postural index, and weight status was obtained using the body mass index according to the criteria of the International Obesity Task Force. The correlation between weight status and foot posture was analyzed using Spearman's coefficient. The Chi-square test was used to determine the differences between the variables according to sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weight status showed no correlation with foot posture in boys (right foot p=0.095; left foot p=0.067) and girls (right foot p=-0.04; left foot p=0.008). Boys had a higher prevalence of flat feet than girls (boys foot posture index=8; girls foot posture index=7; right foot p<0.036; left foot p<0.009). Boys had higher prevalence of overweight than girls (28.75; 18.18, p<0.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Weight status has no effect on foot posture. The male gender could predispose to the development of flat feet and overweight in childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Abordaje y atención a la cronicidad con tecnologías digitales en las políticas sanitarias en España].","authors":"Mª Guadalupe Fontán Vinagre, Antonio López Peláez, Diego Ayuso Murillo, María Enríquez Jiménez, Roberto Guerrero-Menéndez, Silvia Domínguez Fernández","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>From the healthcare policies that support Public Health strategies, technology implementation in healthcare is an innovative element to address chronicity. Its introduction is not uniform across Spain, despite of the existence of digital strategic implementation and national chronicity plans. The aim of this paper was to explore the current deployment of autonomic strategies for chronicity and the implementation of digital tools for telemonitoring and user support.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted through documental review of autonomous strategies in digital health and chronicity care, available until 2020. Consequently, a consultation was carried out to eighteen experts addressing autonomic availability, benefits and barriers to healthcare digitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expert consultation revealed that, in fifteen autonomous communities, the use and the enhancement of digital technologies were addressed and in nine the focus was on promoting digital transformation. Eleven communities are working on updates, fourteen have health-related digital applications, thirteen allow users checking their test results, ten allow them to carry out administrative procedures, nine deliver patient support resources, and three provide telematic communication channels. 38.89% of the consulted refered not knowing about the existence of any follow-up and monitoring programs in their community. The 60% identified a gap in digital competencies among citizens and the lack of resources, as main barriers to implementation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There exists disparity in the update of strategies to address chronicity and the introduction of digital technologies. Many of them are currently updating, which is an opportunity to provide efficient responses that incorporate digital tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Drowning mortality in Catalonia (2019-2022)].","authors":"Josep M Suelves Joanxich, Eneko Barberia Marcalain, Josep M Casadesús Valbí, Marisa Ortega Sánchez, Alexandre Xifró Collsamata","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Data on drownings tend to underestimate mortality from this cause. The objective of this study was to describe fatal drownings recorded in Catalonia between 2019 and 2022 through forensic sources, present their characteristics, and assess the utility of this information for monitoring drowning mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study based on the register of judicial deaths from the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Catalonia was carried out. Data on medicolegal aetiology, aquatic environment, age, gender, date of death, and municipality of origin were analysed. Statistical analysis was based on the comparison of proportions test based on Chi-square for categorical variables and the Mann Whitney U test for the comparison of numerical variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 310 drownings were recorded, with a mean age of 57.2 years and a male predominance (77.1%). The majority of drownings were unintentional (71.3%), followed by suicides (15.5%), and cases of undetermined intent (12.6%). Compared to intentional drownings, unintentional and undetermined intent drownings had a higher percentage of males than females (81.2% vs. 56%, p<0.001), and fewer cases with Spanish nationality than foreign or undetermined nationality (60% vs. 92%, p<0.001). Middle-aged and older individuals accounted for the majority of deaths, but among unintentional drownings, those recorded in pools included significantly higher percentages of children and adolescents aged zero-fourteen years than those occurring in natural waters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results highlight the importance of drowning mortality in Catalonia and the need to strengthen preventive activities, especially for children and during episodes of intense heat. Medicolegal sources are useful for monitoring drowning mortality, but it would be beneficial if they incorporated information on variables such as place of residence and nationality.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[What does Harm Reduction in Tobacco Use means to Public Health].","authors":"Javier Ayesta, Armando Peruga, Aarón Rebollar, Noa Rey, Andrés Zamorano, Susana Verdejo, Javier Panero, Julio César Doncel, Andrea Martín, Eva Mª Pérez-Sacristán","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Harm reduction is a classic Public Health concept to refer to the reduction of the negative effect of drug use/abuse with a focus on justice and human rights, but the tobacco industry has been perverting this concept for years and using it as a tool for its own marketing. This publication details what real harm reduction action on tobacco use would be, when it should be implemented, and what pillars it should be based on. Different methods of reducing the harmful effects of tobacco and nicotine have been tried and tested over time, but the results have been poor; therefore, smoking cessation by the various officially recognised methods is recommended as a priority objective, using the tools that are truly supported by science. In contrast, it also explains the strategies developed by the industry to manipulate consumers and make them dependent on products that can eventually kill them: from the development of filtered cigarettes to light cigarettes, and from menthol to flavoured vapes. In all cases, they have falsely led people to believe that they were developing less toxic products when they were not. Nowadays, both light and menthol cigarettes are banned in Spain, filters have not reduced risk but increased the use, and vapes try to replace cigarettes with their attractive flavours and their false legend of healthier products when what they are really doing is maintaining the same addiction by changing the object, encouraging dual use, and attracting younger and younger non-smokers. At the same time, a strategy of dividing the opinion of health professionals has been developed, using medical doctors and researchers with recognised conflicts of interest but who manage to confuse consumers. In conclusion, we consider that, although nicotine releasing devices may be useful elements in some particular cases, they are not recommended at the population level as they can promote onset, prevent cessation, as well as maintaining the addictive capacity. The only nicotine products that are recommended are those of pharmacological use approved for the case and provided they are used as a transitional tool to complete cessation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Brote de la COVID-19 en una residencia en ancianos correctamente vacunados. Influencia de la inmunidad híbrida en la carga viral, el riesgo de infección y el riesgo de progresión de la enfermedad].","authors":"Juan Carlos Gascó-Laborda, María Gil-Fortuño, Javier Ortiz-Rambla, Noemí Meseguer Ferrer, Óscar Pérez-Olaso, Lledó Lluch-Bacas, Raúl Moya-Malo, Diego Moliner Urdiales, Juan B Bellido-Blasco","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study addressed a COVID-19 outbreak in a nursing home, where the residents were vaccinated with two doses of Comirnaty® and thirty of them had previously had the infection. Outbreaks in closed communities are opportunities to study the entire clinical spectrum of the disease and, as in this case, the effect of hybrid immunity on transmission, infection progression and viral load.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive and retrospective cohort study in the resident population was carried out. Attack rates were calculated for one of four stages of the disease: infection, symptomatic infection, hospitalization, and death. Relative risks (RR) were then estimated using simple and multivariate Poisson regression for each of these stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The attack rate was 59% (56/95). The clinical spectrum was the same in both sexes. There was a notable protective effect of hybrid immunity against transmission (67%). In terms of progression, those with hybrid immunity had a lower risk of symptomatic infection. Nasopharyngeal viral load was significantly lower in individuals with hybrid immunity and asymptomatic individuals, supporting the idea of lower transmissibility in this group. Age was identified as a risk factor for disease progression. Molecular analysis identified the Delta B.1.617.2 variant in the patients and an air sample, supporting aerosol transmission in closed, poorly ventilated environments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides a comprehensive view of an outbreak in a vaccinated nursing home, highlighting the importance of hybrid immunity. The results support the individual consideration of previous infection history when assessing the risk of COVID-19, contributing to the understanding of the evolution of the pandemic in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Literacy in sexual and reproductive health as well as associated variables: multicenter study].","authors":"Juan Guerrero-Núñez, Dámaris Jofré-Olivares, Francisco Guillén-Grima, Inés Aguinaga-Ontoso, Angélica Bacho-Tapia, Leticia Araya-Moraga, Nicole Iturrieta-Guaita, Loreto Villanueva-Pabón, Marisell Correa-Butrón, María Briones-Lorca, Alicia Parada-Navarro, Christian Hernández-Valenzuela, Manuel Ortiz-Llorenz, Marco Marrodán-García, Daniela Goretta-Sandoval, Claudia Vilches-Arredondo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Limited Health Literacy implies an insufficient understanding of relevant health information, being associated with various variables. The objective of the study was to measure the prevalence of the level of Limited Sexual and Reproductive Health Literacy (AS-SR), its associated variables and the differences in scores between levels of AS-SR, universities and science of study in Chilean university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicenter and cross-sectional study, which applied a validated scale to measure levels of AS-SR, was carried out in a sample of 2,186 Chilean university students, categorizing it as high, medium high, medium low and low. The level of Limited AS-SR was obtained by adding the medium-low and low categories. Tests were carried out: descriptive, psychometric and reliability; association, logistic regression and differences between variables of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of Limited AS-SR was 52.7%. The variables most associated with the level of Limited AS-SR were: low interest in information about health care (OR=2.819; 95% CI: 2.132-3.726), prevention (OR=2.564; 95% CI: 1.941-3.388), sexuality (OR=2.497; 95% CI: 1.807-3.452) and health promotion (OR=1.515; 95% CI: 1.239-1.853); certain sources of Information (OR=1.915; 95% CI:1.614-2.272); low economic income (OR=1.661; 95% CI: 1.361-2.026), among others. There were statistically significant differences in scores between categories of AS-SR levels, universities and study science. The scale had a reliability of 0.940.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>More than half of the students have Limited AS-SR, mainly associated with low interest in health information. The scale presents excellent psychometric indicators, being recommended for diagnoses of health situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}