Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids最新文献

{"title":"Quantifying the differential relationship between red blood cell docosahexaenoic acid and cognition based on APOE-e4 carriership in multiple cohorts: illustration of an emerging statistical approach","authors":"Nathan A. Ryder ,&nbsp;Jason Westra ,&nbsp;Aleix Sala-Vila ,&nbsp;Jack Wolf ,&nbsp;William S. Harris ,&nbsp;Nathan L. Tintle","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence is mounting that red blood cell membrane levels of docosahexaeonic acid (DHA) are directly associated with improved cognitive performance, with emerging questions about whether this relationship may be stronger in some individuals vs. others, especially those at high genetic risk of cognitive impairment via the <em>APOLIPOPROTEIN-E</em> (<em>APOE</em>) <em>ε4</em> allele. We investigated this relationship in <em>n</em> = 2158 participants without dementia from four separate cohorts (Offspring, Gen3, Omni I and Omni II) of the multi-cohort Framingham Heart Study, aged 50 to 70 years old. To demonstrate an emerging alternative of improved data sharing, we conducted the analysis using only cohort-level, summary data which is non-individually identifiable and easily shareable. We detected a statistically significant interaction between <em>APOE-ε4</em> status and DHA in multivariable models adjusting for relevant demographic and medical history covariates and predicting cognitive impairment (<em>p</em> = 0.039). Stratified adjusted model results detected a stronger inverse association between cognitive impairment and DHA for <em>APOE-ε4</em> carriers (-0.13; 95 % CI: (-0.20, -0.06) minutes per 1 % increase in DHA), as compared to non-carriers (-0.06; 95 % CI: (-0.11, -0.02)), though both were statistically significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). We also analyzed the data using two, standard, widely used statistical approaches (1) Individual level data analysis (identical results) and (2) standard meta-analysis (slightly weaker evidence of interaction; <em>p</em> = 0.047). Our analysis demonstrates not only the putative importance of DHA on cognition, especially among <em>APOE-ε4</em> carriers, but the potential for an emerging class of data-sharing methods to accelerate the future pace of cross-cohort analyses by not requiring access to individual-level data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary and erythrocyte PUFAs in vegan, lacto-ovo vegetarian, pesco-vegetarian, and non-vegetarian participants of the Adventist Health Study-2","authors":"William Harris ,&nbsp;Roman Pawlak ,&nbsp;Nathan Ryder ,&nbsp;Fayth Miles ,&nbsp;Gary Fraser","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Data on EPA and DHA fatty acids in vegans (VGN) and vegetarians (LOV) are scarce. Also, the extent to which red blood cell (RBC) levels of these fatty acids (FAs) vary by dietary pattern and are correlated with dietary EPA+DHA intake is less well-known.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The primary objective of this study was to compare RBC EPA and DHA content [i.e., the omega-3 index (O3I)] VGN, LOV, pesco-vegetarians (PV), and non-vegetarians (NV) in the Adventist Health Study II (AHS2). The secondary objective was to determine the extent to which the dietary intake of these PUFAs correlated with RBC levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants (<em>N</em> = 300, 75 per diet group) were randomly selected from AHS2 cohort. After removing individuals reporting fish oil supplement use, 241 remained for analysis. Dietary data were collected via a validated questionnaire. RBCs were analyzed for FA composition by gas chromatography.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean O3I (±SD) O3I values across diet groups for VGNs, LOVs, PVs and NVs was 3.7 ± 1.1, 3.9 ± 1.3, 5.7 ± 2.1, and 5.0 ± 1.3, respectively, and EPA+DHA intakes (mg/d) were 10 ± 40, 18 ± 54, 158 ± 279, and 117 ± 91, respectively. EPA+DHA intake correlated strongly with the O3I (<em>r</em> = 0.67, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The dietary ratio of linoleic acid to alpha-linoleic acid was unrelated to the O3I, and the linoleic acid intake was not associated with RBC arachidonic acid levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>VGNs and LOVs had O3I levels (and EPA+DHA intakes) well below recommended targets. For these groups, the most reasonable way to raise these levels is to consume algae-derived EPA+DHA supplements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between fatty acids providing support for n-3 and n-6 pathways are strongest in pregnant Indian vegetarians compared with pregnant Australian omnivores","authors":"Michael Mugford ,&nbsp;Bridget M Arman ,&nbsp;Kishore Kumar ,&nbsp;Rohini S Kaluve ,&nbsp;Dang Xuan Anh Tran ,&nbsp;Karen Best ,&nbsp;Lisa N Yelland ,&nbsp;Maria Makrides ,&nbsp;Robert A Gibson","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exclusion of meat and fish from the diet can lead to low levels of omega-3 (n-3) long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), leaving the body reliant on dietary intake of n-3 α-linolenic acid (ALA) for endogenous conversion. This study compared dried blood spot fatty acid profiles from a large cohort of pregnant Indian women in Bengaluru, Karnataka, with self-reported vegetarian (<em>n</em> = 332) or omnivorous (<em>n</em> = 691) diets in the first trimester, to those of pregnant Australian women (<em>n</em> = 454) at a similar gestational age. Indian vegetarians and omnivores showed similar fatty acid profiles in dried blood spots but both had markedly lower n-3 fatty acids (mean total n-3 values: Indian 2.01% and 2.36% of total fatty acids respectively; 4.75% in Australian) with ALA, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid all less than half the Australian values. Both Indian groups also had lower arachidonic acid levels (mean 7.65% and 7.91% respectively, vs 8.50% in Australian omnivores), and higher linoleic acid levels (mean 22.53% and 22.41% respectively, vs 19.96% in Australian omnivores) compared with the Australian participants. In general, the relationships between n-3 fatty acids were stronger in Indian vegetarians than Indian omnivores, and weakest in Australian omnivores. These findings suggest that regardless of diet, Indian women in early pregnancy have lower n-3 LCPUFA status than Australian pregnant women. Our data are consistent with the idea that increasing intake of n-3 ALA-rich oils and reducing n-6 linoleic acid-rich oils in the diet of Indian women could be an efficient way of increasing their n-3 LCPUFA status.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registrations</h3><div>ORIP, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12613001142729; BORN, Clinical Trials Registry-India CTRI/2020/08/027146.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in US children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study from NHANES","authors":"Lijin Wang ,&nbsp;Qin Wang ,&nbsp;Ling Li","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the relationship between dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among US children and adolescents based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 6077 children and adolescents using data from NHANES conducted between 2013 and 2020. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between dietary n-6 PUFAs and ADHD. To further examine linearity and explore the shape of the dose-response relationship, restricted cubic splines were utilized. Additionally, we conducted stratified and interaction analyses to determine if the relationship remained consistent across different subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 6077 participants, 267 (4.4 %) were diagnosed with ADHD. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared with individuals in the lowest tertile (T1, &lt; 304.88 mg/kg/d) of n-6 PUFA intake, those in the second tertile (T2, 304.88–537.81 mg/kg/d) demonstrated an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.55 (95 % CI: 1.26–1.92; p &lt; 0.001) for ADHD. In contrast, participants in the highest tertile (T3, &gt; 537.81 mg/kg/d) had an adjusted OR of 1.08 (95 % CI: 0.79–1.48; p = 0.625) .Furthermore, a significant non-linear association was observed between n-6 PUFA intake and ADHD risk (p = 0.002). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of these findings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dietary n-6 PUFA intake exhibits a non-monotonic relationship with ADHD risk in US children, peaking in the middle exposure range (304.88–537.81 mg/kg/day) without significant risk at highest intakes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic sleep deprivation induces depression- and Alzheimer’s disease-like changes in adult and ageing wild-type and Fat-1 transgenic mice","authors":"Nasar Ullah Khan Niazi ,&nbsp;Zhiyou Yang ,&nbsp;Yongping Zhang ,&nbsp;Cai Song","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sleep disorders show comorbidity with depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in ageing. However, the neuroimmunological role of sleep deprivation (SD) as possible inducer to these conditions remains unknown. Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) can improve depression and AD through anti-inflammation, up-regulating neurotrophins and normalizing neurotransmitters, while their therapeutic effects on sleep deprivation (SD)-induced changes in different ages requires investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adult and old Fat-1 (converting n-6 to n-3 FAs) and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to chronic SD. After behavioral evaluation, brain FAs, monoamine neurotransmitters, circadian-gene expression, TLR-4 signaling-pathway, glial polarization, cytokine profile, and AD-related markers were analyzed using GC–MS, HPLC, qPCR, ELISA and western-blotting. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis evaluated SD-related networking with depression and AD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SD induced anxiety, anhedonia, despair, and memory impairments. The n-3:n-6 ratio, BMAL-1 gene expression, and melatonin concentration were decreased, whereas corticosterone, TLR-4, GSK3β, and NFκB concentrations increased in SD groups compared to the controls. Increased IBA-1 protein expression and proinflammatory IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 concentrations were associated with decreased monoamine neuro-transmitter levels in SD groups. APP, BACE-1, RAGE and APPβ concentrations were increased, whereas LRP-1 and APPα concentrations and the APPα/APPβ ratio were decreased in SD groups than controls. These changes were more pronounced in old WT and Fat-1 animals than adults. However, compared to WT-SD, these changes were significantly ameliorated in Fat-1-SD mice, but recovery was less pronounced in old Fat-1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SD-induced neuroinflammation and impaired APP processing may contribute to behavioral impairments, which exacerbated with age. Although n-3 FAs significantly ameliorated SD-induced adverse behavioral and neuroimmunological changes, this therapeutic effect was markedly reduced in old animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102699"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of n-3 polyunsaturate fatty acids supplementation on visual health throughout the life cycle: A systematic review","authors":"Claudia Tabilo ,&nbsp;Valentina Squella ,&nbsp;Paola Illesca ,&nbsp;Yasna Muñoz ,&nbsp;Camila Farías ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Valenzuela","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are important for mammals and have relevant functions in the body. These fatty acids play an important role in brain development, in the protection of the retina, and in the prevention of macular degeneration. Currently, clinical trials do not yet confirm a clear benefit of n-3 PUFA supplementation on vision throughout the life cycle. Therefore, the aim of this study is to systematically evaluate the available scientific evidence to determine the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation on visual health throughout the life cycle.</div></div><div><h3>Material and Methods</h3><div>A search of scientific literature was performed, based on randomized, controlled clinical studies, published in PubMed, using keywords. We included people of both sexes throughout the life cycle that evaluated the impact of n-3 PUFA supplementation on visual health.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 87 articles included in this review, there are important contradictions in the literature regarding the effects of supplementation in pregnant women, infants and older adults. While some studies highlight beneficial effects, an equal number of studies report no impact. In the case of preschoolers and schoolchildren, predominantly positive effects were identified, especially in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). For youth and adults, the impact of supplementation varied according to the health condition assessed, mostly supporting significant benefits in individuals with dry eye symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Evidence supports supplementation with n-3 PUFA, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), to improve visual development in infants, schoolchildren, especially those with ADHD. Despite variability in visual outcomes, these findings suggest a crucial role of n-3 PUFA supplementation in visual health in the first steps of life, but in adults and older adults remain uncertain or null. Therefore, it is critical to investigate optimal dosing, duration of the intervention as the age of the participants in future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 102686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the complex interplay between zinc, iron and their synergistic effect on LCPUFA metabolism in preeclampsia","authors":"Vaishnavi Mudgal,&nbsp;Juhi Nema,&nbsp;Sadhana Joshi","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. It is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are critical for normal placental and fetal development. Biosynthesis of these LCPUFAs is regulated by Δ5 and Δ6 desaturase enzymes, which require zinc and iron as cofactors. Both zinc and iron are important micronutrients which play pivotal role during pregnancy and their deficiency during pregnancy is linked with preeclampsia. Zinc and iron deficiency is common in pregnancy and often coexists. Zinc and iron interact in complex ways, influencing the bioavailability of each other. On the other hand, zinc is required for intestinal uptake and transport of iron. The current article summarizes studies examining the role of zinc, iron and LCPUFAs in preeclampsia. It also gives a mechanistic insight through which zinc and iron synergistically influence LCPUFA biosynthesis in pregnancy complicated with preeclampsia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 102701"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144885393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-life feeding of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid beneficially modulated ileum and splenocyte oxylipins to support oral tolerance development in allergy-prone BALB/c mice","authors":"Ren Wang,&nbsp;Dhruvesh Patel,&nbsp;Susan Goruk,&nbsp;Magaly Rivas Serna,&nbsp;Vera Mazurak,&nbsp;Caroline Richard,&nbsp;Catherine Field","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Early-life feeding of arachidonic acid (ARA)+docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been shown to promote immune changes associated with oral tolerance (OT). Oxylipins have been demonstrated to be modulated by diet and alter immune function.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine whether early-life feeding of ARA+DHA modulated the ileum and ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged splenocyte oxylipin profile in a way that is beneficial for OT development.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Allergy-prone BALB/c dams were fed a control (0 %ARA, 0 %DHA) or ARA+DHA (1 %ARA, 1 %DHA) diet during suckling. At 3wks, half of the pups were killed to analyze ileum morphology and oxylipin profile. The remaining pups continued consuming the maternal diets. From day 21–25, pups received daily oral gavage of sucrose or OVA, followed by intraperitoneal OVA injections on day 35 and 41. At 6wks, pups were killed to analyze plasma OVA-specific-IgE and -IgG, ileum morphology, splenocyte phospholipid fatty acid composition and <em>ex vivo</em> splenocyte oxylipin production after OVA stimulation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ARA+DHA supplementation resulted in a 5-fold reduction in plasma OVA-IgE concentration, confirming OT development. At 3wks, ARA+DHA-fed mice had higher ileum levels of 8-HETE, 14,15-DiHETrE, 4-HDHA, 17-HDHA and 19,20-EpDPE and lower levels of 13-HODE and 20-HETE, which suggests better ileum maturation, lower inflammation and enhanced tolerogenic immune regulation to support OT. The longer villi, shorter crypts and higher villus/crypt ratio confirmed the superior ileum maturation. At 6wks, ARA+DHA supplementation increased oxylipin substrates (ARA, DHA, linoleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid) in splenocyte phospholipids. After OVA stimulation, splenocytes from ARA+DHA-fed mice produced more PGD2, 5-HETE, 15-HETE and 20-HDHA and less TXB2 and 12-HETE, which suggests inhibited Th2 and allergic responses and enhanced tolerogenic immune modulation to support OT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Early-life feeding of ARA+DHA beneficially modulated the oxylipin profile in the ileum and OVA-challenged splenocytes to support OT development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 102689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysfunction of COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 pathway and EP4 receptor in bronchi from COPD patients","authors":"Salma Mani ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Li ,&nbsp;Hichem Badji ,&nbsp;Gaelle Merheb ,&nbsp;Sébastien Dupont ,&nbsp;Yves Castier ,&nbsp;Olivier Thibaudeau ,&nbsp;Mathilde Varret ,&nbsp;Alice Guyard ,&nbsp;Dan Longrois ,&nbsp;Xavier Norel","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Progressive airflow obstruction and chronic lung inflammation are hallmarks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂), synthesized by the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1), acts as a lipid mediator with bronchodilatory effects mediated by the EP4 receptor. Altered expression and function of COX-2, mPGES-1, PGE₂ and EP receptors may contribute to the pathophysiology of COPD. This study investigates whether COPD is associated with dysregulated expression or function of COX-2, mPGES-1, EP receptors and PGE₂ production in human bronchi. We analyzed the expression of COX-2, mPGES-1, PGE₂ and EP receptors in human bronchi samples using Western blot, real-time qPCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Our results reveal significantly elevated COX-2 protein, mPGES-1 mRNA, and PGE₂ levels in COPD patients compared to controls. Conversely, in COPD preparations EP4 receptor mRNA and protein levels were markedly reduced, a result confirmed by IHC. In addition, IHC also showed that the EP4 receptor was mainly localized in the epithelium of control bronchi. Notably, there was a significant negative correlation between EP4 and PGE₂ levels. The hypothesis of EP4 internalization due to increased PGE₂ in COPD patients is credible. These data demonstrate a significant alteration of the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE₂/EP4 pathway in COPD and suggest that pharmacological targeting of this pathway may be of interest to treat COPD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 102685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive role of erythrocyte fatty acids in conversion to psychosis: a longitudinal study of clinical high-risk individuals","authors":"LiHua Xu ,&nbsp;YanYan Wei ,&nbsp;XiaoChen Tang ,&nbsp;ZhengHui Yi ,&nbsp;XiaoHua Liu ,&nbsp;HaiChun Liu ,&nbsp;ZiXuan Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Chen ,&nbsp;Jin Gao ,&nbsp;Qiang Hu ,&nbsp;LingYun Zeng ,&nbsp;ChunBo Li ,&nbsp;JiJun Wang ,&nbsp;TianHong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Fatty acid (FA) alterations are associated in patients with psychosis. This study aimed to investigate the role of FAs in predicting the conversion to psychosis in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) and to distinguish CHR individuals from healthy controls (HC).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A three-year longitudinal study was conducted involving 67 CHR individuals and 25 HC participants. Comprehensive erythrocyte FA profiles were obtained from gas chromatography analysis at baseline, measuring 17 different FAs. Participants were followed for three years to determine outcomes, categorizing CHR individuals into converters to psychosis (CHR-C) and non-converters (CHR-NC). We employed LASSO regression models to identify key predictors for CHR-C from CHR and to distinguish CHR from HC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate the models' predictive and discriminative abilities. Significant differences in FA profiles were observed among HC, CHR-C, and CHR-NC groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CHR-C individuals exhibited higher levels of Eicosenoic acid(<em>p</em> = 0.016), Linoleic acid(<em>p</em> = 0.009), Eicosadienoic acid(<em>p</em> = 0.035) and Arachidonic acid(<em>p</em> = 0.037) compared to CHR-NC, whereas CHR individuals showed elevated levels of Palmitoleic acid(<em>p</em> = 0.002), Palmitic acid(<em>p</em> = 0.012), Eicosapentaenoic acid(<em>p</em> = 0.019) and Oleic acid(<em>p</em> = 0.039) compared to HC. The LASSO model identified key sociodemographic and FA predictors, including age, education, and specific FAs, for distinguishing CHR from HC, demonstrating high discriminative ability with an area under the ROC curve(AUC) of 0.894. For predicting CHR-C, the model highlighted gender and specific ω-6 FAs as potential predictors, with an AUC of 0.801.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Our findings reveal distinct FA profiles among HC, CHR-C, and CHR-NC groups and identify key predictors for psychosis conversion and CHR status. These results underscore the significance of FAs in the various stages of psychosis development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 102698"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}