Polish journal of microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Diabetes Mellitus and Enhanced Vulnerability to <i>Escherichia coli</i> Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: Integrative Clinical and Molecular Analysis.","authors":"Nadia Parveen, Muhammad Shafique, Bilal Aslam, Mohsin Khurshid","doi":"10.33073/pjm-2026-010","DOIUrl":"10.33073/pjm-2026-010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) represent a substantial clinical burden, particularly in diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients, with extended duration of catheterization. <i>Escherichia coli</i> remains most prevalent uropathogen, often exhibiting virulence factors, robust biofilm formation, and multidrug resistance (MDR). This study investigates antimicrobial resistance patterns, virulence gene profiles, and biofilm production of <i>E. coli</i> isolates from CAUTI patients with and without diabetes mellitus. A total of 260 CAUTI patients were enrolled in this study, comprising 130 diabetic (HbA1c > 6.5%) and 130 non-diabetic (HbA1c < 5.7%) individuals admitted to various wards of DHQ Hospital, Jhang, between January 2023 and January 2024. From 183 urine culture-positive urine samples 123 <i>E. coli</i> isolates were analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion, Molecular profiling and virulence genes were conducted via polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and biofilm quantification was assessed by microtiter plate method. MDR (89.7%) and XDR (19.2%) phenotypes were significantly more common in diabetic isolates with increased resistance to ß-lactams, fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, and sulfonamides. The most prevalent genes were <i>bla</i> _CTX-M, <i>bla</i> _NDM and <i>bla</i> _OXA-48. Virulence genes (<i>fimH</i> (78%), <i>PapC</i> (50%), <i>FyuA</i> (45%), and <i>KpsMTII</i> (33%) associated with enhanced biofilm formation. Diabetes mellitus (DM) substantially exacerbates CAUTIs caused by <i>E. coli</i> through increased multidrug resistance, virulence genes prevalence and biofilm production emphasizing the need for targeted antimicrobial stewardship and stringent infection control strategies in diabetic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94173,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of microbiology","volume":"75 1","pages":"84-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantity and quality of antibiotic use in surgical and medical wards in a general academic hospital: A retrospective study.","authors":"Mariyatul Qibtiyah, Afini Safiro, Agustina Damayanti, Musofa Rusli, Harry Parathon, Usman Hadi, Kuntaman Kuntaman, Joni Wahyuhadi, Junaidi Khotib","doi":"10.33073/pjm-2026-002","DOIUrl":"10.33073/pjm-2026-002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Treatment of infectious diseases uses antibiotics to kill or inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Inappropriate antibiotic use triggers resistance, which in turn affects patient clinical outcomes, length of hospital stays, and treatment costs. This study aimed to analyze trends in the quantity and quality of antibiotics used in surgical and medical wards. This study was conducted at the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. This retrospective observational study analyzed trends in the quantity and quality of antibiotics in surgical and medical wards by collecting medical records of patients from January to May 2019. Quantity analysis was performed using DDD per 100 patient-days or DDD per 100 bed-days (DDD/100-BD), and quality analysis was performed using the Gyssens category method. The antibiotics most consumed in the surgical wards were ceftriaxone (41.67 DDD/100-BD), levofloxacin (22.82 DDD/100-BD), and cefazoline (17.75 DDD/100-BD). The most consumed in medical wards were ceftriaxone (106.22 DDD/100-BD), levofloxacin (34.95 DDD/100-BD), and metronidazole (26.25 DDD/100-BD). The quality of antibiotics used in surgical wards showed 53.2% appropriate use, 16.9% without indication, and 13.9% inappropriate choice, while in medical wards, they were 66.5%, 29.7%, and 2.1%, respectively. Third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were the most consumed antibiotics in surgical and medical wards. The quality of antibiotic use was appropriate, with 53.2-66.5% of antibiotic use appropriate. Establishing an antimicrobial stewardship program would help control antibiotic consumption and optimize antibiotic use in hospitals.</p>","PeriodicalId":94173,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of microbiology","volume":"75 1","pages":"3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Changes of Microbiome Attached on Clear Aligners after Drinking Coca-Cola.","authors":"Dong Yan, Pengcheng Zuo, Mei Lin, Song Li","doi":"10.33073/pjm-2026-009","DOIUrl":"10.33073/pjm-2026-009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the changes in the microbiome on the inner surface of clear aligners following the consumption of Coca-Cola. The pH value and bacterial composition on the inner surface of clear aligners were assessed over five wearing cycles in three groups of subjects: those with a normal diet (Group A), those who drank Coca-Cola while wearing the aligners (Group C), and those who drank Coca-Cola after removing the aligners (Group B). Microbial analysis was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and operational taxonomic unit (OTU) abundance profiling. The pH of the fluid inside the aligners significantly decreased immediately after Coca-Cola consumption (0 hour) in Groups B and C (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Group B exhibited the most pronounced decline in pH and alpha diversity at 12 hours, along with the highest beta diversity among the groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In Group A, the relative abundances of the phylum <i>Actinobacteria</i> was highest at 0 hour, <i>Bacteroidetes</i> at 12 hours, and class <i>Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria</i>, and species <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> peaked at 24 hours; conversely, <i>Neisseria subflava</i> showed the lowest abundance compared to Groups B and C (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared to Group C, Group B demonstrated higher levels of phylum <i>Fusobacteria</i> at 4 hours and 12 hours, and lower <i>Actinobacteria</i> abundance at 8 hours (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Consumption of Coca-Cola induces unfavorable changes in the microbiome on the inner surface of clear aligners. Notably, drinking Coca-Cola without wearing the aligners resulted in a lower pH and greater microbial imbalance, especially at 12 hours post-consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":94173,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of microbiology","volume":"75 1","pages":"109-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application Value of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Using Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Blood Samples in Patients with Severe Pneumonia Complicated with Bloodstream Infection.","authors":"Fengming Liu, Fumao Xie, Qingrong Zhong, Xiaofeng Lin, Qingmei Yang, Yongqiang Li, Chunxi Huang, Qiuju Huang, Liuyan Xu, Juan Zhong","doi":"10.33073/pjm-2026-008","DOIUrl":"10.33073/pjm-2026-008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was designed to systematically evaluate the diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) using blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples in patients with severe pneumonia complicated by bloodstream infections. A retrospective analysis of 30 patients with severe pneumonia-bloodstream infection admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 was conducted, and the potential pathogens in both BALF and blood samples were simultaneously detected by conventional microbial examination (traditional group) and mNGS tests (mNGS group), comparing the differences in pathogen species and detection rates between the two methods. There was no significant difference in the positivity of pathogen detection in BALF and blood samples using mNGS (<i>p</i> = 0.492). The proportion of bacteria (<i>p</i> = 0.005) and fungi (<i>p</i> = 0.037) detected by BALF mNGS was higher than that by blood mNGS, but there was no significant difference in the proportion of viruses (<i>p</i> = 0.121). In addition, the positive rate of pathogen detection by mNGS in BALF and blood samples was significantly higher than that by traditional methods (<i>p</i> < 0.01). BALF mNGS demonstrated superior diagnostic sensitivity for bacterial and fungal pathogen detection compared to blood mNGS and conventional culture methods. Notably, blood specimens retained distinct advantages in identifying specific viral infections. Future prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94173,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of microbiology","volume":"75 1","pages":"75-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Emerging Global Threat After The COVID-19 Pandemic: Monkeypox Similarities and Differences.","authors":"Hafez Al-Momani, Ayman Alsheikh, Hadeel Al Balawi, Dua'a Al Balawi, Iman Aolymat, Ashraf I Khasawneh, Hala Tabl, Abdelrahman M Zueter","doi":"10.33073/pjm-2026-005","DOIUrl":"10.33073/pjm-2026-005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the post COVID-19 pandemic, monkeypox (mpox) has returned and become a significant concern for health. The epicenter of clade I mpox is within the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) where two subclade consists of Ia and Ib are now in circulation and maintain their transmission from human to human. As of late 2024, worldwide mpox cases had surpassed 100,000 across 127 nations, with the World Health Organization reporting over 260 fatalities. CDC recently reported that the spread of clade I is no longer limited to Africa, highlighting its growing potential to become a pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the disease an international public health emergency on August 14, 2024. This undoubtedly raises the question of whether global outbreaks of mpox represent the onset of another full-blown pandemic. Although Monkeypox can lead to other public health issues (especially in areas where it is not usually endemic), it is unlikely to become a pandemic on the same scale as COVID-19. Moreover, it is more containable due to vaccine availability, its transmission dynamics, and lessons learned from COVID-19. Nonetheless, it is still important to remain vigilant to prevent outbreaks from spreading, particularly in vulnerable populations and regions with limited healthcare resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":94173,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of microbiology","volume":"75 1","pages":"20-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caries Direction Antimicrobial Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Containing Cement for the Management of Orthodontic Teeth against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Lactobacillus casei</i>.","authors":"Aimin Wu, Chungang Zhao","doi":"10.33073/pjm-2026-003","DOIUrl":"10.33073/pjm-2026-003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> are the two bacterial species that cause tooth decay and affect orthodontically treated teeth. In orthodontic treatment, zinc oxide (ZnO) is incorporated into the cement, providing antibacterial properties. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles containing cement for the management of orthodontic teeth. ZnO nanoparticles were prepared using ZnCl₂ and then incorporated into the Orthodontic Portland Cement (OPC) with a grade of 43. It was evaluated for physicochemical parameters like colour, odour, appearance, and pH. Flexural strength, split tensile strength, and setting time were also determined with standard ASTM C496 methods. The antibacterial activity of the ZnO nanoparticles was determined by crystal violet staining. It was found that biomass growth was lower in the cement containing zinc oxide nanoparticles than in the control samples. There was inhibition of biofilm formation in the presence of zinc oxide nanoparticles incorporated into the cement material, thereby enhancing the antimicrobial effect. The incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles into orthodontic cement demonstrates enhanced antimicrobial properties, making it beneficial for managing oral bacterial colonization during orthodontic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94173,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of microbiology","volume":"75 1","pages":"11-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Transcriptional Regulator Crt1 is Involved in The Pathogenic Lifestyle of <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i> pv. <i>campestris</i> B100.","authors":"Anna Korszańska, Petra Lutter, Vera Ortseifen, Alfred Pühler, Karsten Niehaus","doi":"10.33073/pjm-2026-006","DOIUrl":"10.33073/pjm-2026-006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The γ-proteobacterium <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i> pv. <i>campestris</i> B100 is the causal agent of black rot disease in a wide range of economically important crops. In addition, <i>X. campestris</i> pv. <i>campestris</i> is commercially relevant due to the synthesis of the exopolysaccharide xanthan. In this work, we first introduce a novel transcriptional regulator, termed Crt1, and present the effect that the deletion of the <i>crt1</i> gene exerts on growth, xanthan production, virulence, and transcriptome and proteome profiles. Differential transcriptome analysis of the deletion mutant <i>X. campestris</i> pv. <i>campestris</i> B100 Δ<i>crt1</i> compared to the wild type revealed the up-regulation of the <i>pilP, pilM</i> and <i>pilE</i> genes, which are relevant for the type 4 pilus assembly. Furthermore, increased xanthan production and upregulated transcription of genes within the <i>gum</i> cluster, which are critical for xanthan biosynthesis, were observed. Profiling of the cytosolic proteome identified increased expression of the glucosyltransferase GtrB, which is involved in LPS biosynthesis, and of a type III effector with phytase activity. Moreover, the presence of the fructose import and utilization proteins FruAB and FruK was reduced in the deletion mutant. The plant-pathogenicity assay demonstrated that the severity of the infection of the host plant tissue was higher in the case of the deletion mutant than in the wildtype strain. The regulator Crt1 modulates multiple virulence factors as well as LPS and xanthan production. In conclusion, Crt1 influences a diverse network of genes that contribute to the pathogenic lifestyle of <i>X. campestris</i> pv. <i>campestris</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":94173,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of microbiology","volume":"75 1","pages":"33-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of Carbapenem-Resistant Hypervirulent ST111 K63 <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> in China.","authors":"Ying Zhu, Xinmiao Jia, Peiyao Jia, Xiaoyu Liu, Xue Li, Wei Yu, Qing Yang, Huabing Yin, Qiaoxin Hao, Qiwen Yang","doi":"10.33073/pjm-2026-011","DOIUrl":"10.33073/pjm-2026-011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> have been identified worldwide, posing a significant threat to public health. This study aimed to characterize a novel KPC-harboring plasmid in a carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent ST111 K63 <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (CR-HvKp), designated AZJ065, and to analyze the evolutionary pathway of multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent clinical ST111 K63 strains using genomic data. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the string test, the <i>Galleria mellonella</i> infection model, and the mouse intraperitoneal challenge infection model were employed to determine the drug resistance and virulence of the clinical strains. Next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted to investigate the genetic characteristics of AZJ065 and the evolutionary pathway of ST111 K63. Phenotypic tests indicated that AZJ065 exhibited carbapenem resistance and hypervirulence. Next-generation sequencing analysis revealed that AZJ065 harbored two plasmids: a KPC-harboring plasmid, pAZJ065-KPC, and a virulence plasmid, pAZJ065-Hv. The pAZJ065-KPC conferred carbapenem resistance and displayed a unique structure in the resistance region, with a complete Tn2680 insertion. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that AZJ065 evolved from an ST111 K63 HvKp through the acquisition of a CR plasmid. This study reports a new genotype of HvKp, ST111 K63, and highlights the importance of monitoring plasmid-mediated resistance in hypervirulent strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":94173,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of microbiology","volume":"75 1","pages":"96-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Rhizosphere Bacteria of <i>Phragmites australis</i> and <i>Suaeda salsa</i> (L.) <i>Pall</i>. on Chenier Islands.","authors":"Bo Zhou, Junpeng Liu, Linqi Li, Jingyi Yu, Xingguo Sun, Jun Wang, Shuai Shang","doi":"10.33073/pjm-2026-007","DOIUrl":"10.33073/pjm-2026-007","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Chenier Islands are depositional areas within intertidal zones, characterized by unique soil textures and distinctive environmental conditions that shape specific vegetation distribution patterns. However, the adaptive mechanisms of &lt;i&gt;Phragmites australis&lt;/i&gt; (common reed) and &lt;i&gt;Suaeda salsa&lt;/i&gt; (L.) &lt;i&gt;Pall&lt;/i&gt;. (common seepweed) two prevalent plant species in this region-in saline stress environments, as well as the composition and functional characteristics of their rhizosphere bacterial communities, remain largely unclear. In this study, rhizosphere soil samples were collected from common reed and common seepweed. DNA was extracted and subjected to high-throughput sequencing to analyze the composition and predictive functional profiles of the rhizosphere microbial communities. The results indicated that no significant differences were observed in the alpha diversity indices (Chao1, ACE, Simpson, and Shannon), indicating similar microbial species richness and evenness in the rhizospheres of common reed and common seepweed. Taxonomic analysis at the phylum level showed that the dominant bacterial phyla shared by both plants were &lt;i&gt;Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Chloroflexota&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Actinomycetota&lt;/i&gt;. Notably, &lt;i&gt;Acidobacteriota&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Cyanobacteria&lt;/i&gt; were uniquely enriched in the common reed and common seepweed rhizospheres, respectively. At the genus level, the microbial communities of both plants were largely composed of unclassified taxa and minor groups, with &lt;i&gt;Zeaxanthinibacter&lt;/i&gt; being the only cultivable dominant genus identified. Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) explained 75.02% of the total β-diversity variance, and the clear separation of samples along the first coordinate axis revealed visually distinct community structures between the two plants. PERMANOVA further confirmed that plant species significantly influenced microbial community assembly, with a moderate explanatory strength (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.205, p = 0.008). Integrated results from LEfSe, PICRUSt2, and FAPROTAX analyses demonstrated that common seepweed rhizospheres were enriched with 19 photosynthesis-related biomarkers, suggesting a stronger photoautotrophic potential compared to common reed. In contrast, the common reed rhizosphere retained only two oligotrophic degraders &lt;i&gt;Acidobacteriota&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Chloroflexota&lt;/i&gt;. Although PICRUSt2 predictions indicated high overlap in core metabolic pathways between the two plants, FAPROTAX profiling revealed markedly divergent energy-acquisition strategies. Specifically, the common seepweed microbiome exhibited a \"photoautotrophy nitrogen fixation\" coupling strategy, whereas common reed relied predominantly on a \"chemoheterotrophy nitrate reduction\" pathway, reflecting niche partitioning in the saline environment. It should be noted that functional predictions derived from PICRUSt2 and FAPROTAX are computational inferences rather than empirical measurements, and thus mechanistic interpretations sho","PeriodicalId":94173,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of microbiology","volume":"75 1","pages":"55-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> in a Korean Community Hospital: <i>In Vitro</i> Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Other Agents.","authors":"Hyo-Jin Lee, Sung-Yeon Cho, Dong-Gun Lee, Chulmin Park, Jihyun Byun, Hye-Sun Chun, Yang Ree Kim","doi":"10.33073/pjm-2025-045","DOIUrl":"10.33073/pjm-2025-045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The novel antibiotic ceftazidime-avibactam was introduced in Korea in 2023. This study evaluated the <i>in vitro</i> susceptibility of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> isolates from a community-based hospital to various antibiotics, including ceftazidime-avibactam. A total of 100 non-duplicated consecutive <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolates obtained from clinical specimens collected between October 2017 and March 2018 were analyzed. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for ceftazidime, ceftazidime-avibactam, and colistin were determined by broth microdilution. Susceptibility to other antibiotics was assessed using the MicroScan system. Carbapenemase genes were detected by multiplex PCR. Among 100 isolates, 37% were multidrug-resistant (MDR), 27% were carbapenem-resistant (CR), and 9% were difficult-to-treat (DTR) <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Colistin exhibited the highest efficacy against MDR and CR <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (MIC_50/90=1/4 mg/l, 89.2% and 88.9% susceptible), followed by ceftazidime-avibactam (MIC_50/90=4/16 mg/l, 86.5% and 85.2% susceptible). For DTR isolates, colistin (MIC_50/90=1/8 mg/l, 77.8% susceptible) was the most effective, followed by ceftazidime-avibactam (MIC_50/90= 4/≥128 mg/l, 66.7% susceptible). Carbapenemase genes were identified in four of 27 CR isolates (14.8%), including IMP- and KPC-type enzymes. Appropriate antibiotic use was observed in 71.4% of the non-MDR group and 56.8% of the MDR group. Clinical success was higher in the non-MDR group (85.7% vs. 64.9%, <i>p</i>=0.029), and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infection was more frequently the cause of death in the MDR group (27% vs. 9.5%, <i>p</i>=0.043). <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolated from a community-based hospital showed high antibiotic resistance, posing treatment challenges. Ceftazidime-avibactam may be a viable treatment option for MDR <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infections and warrants further clinical evaluation in Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":94173,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of microbiology","volume":"74 4","pages":"515-524"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12743181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}