Neonatology最新文献

{"title":"A New Tool to Assess Patient-Ventilator Synchrony in Preterm Infants Receiving Non-Invasive Ventilation: A Randomized Crossover Pilot Study.","authors":"Francesco Cresi, Elena Maggiora, Carlotta Rubino, Mattia Ferroglio, Elena Ruzzante, Enrico Piga, Isaac Giraudo, Marco Limone, Gianluca Terrin, Alessandra Coscia","doi":"10.1159/000543413","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nasal synchronized intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nSIPPV) is an effective non-invasive ventilation technique, especially for preterm infants. Patient-ventilator synchrony is essential for providing effective respiratory support; however, no automated system is currently available for monitoring this parameter. A new tool for automatic assessment of patient-ventilator synchrony, the SyncNIV system, was developed and applied in this pilot study to evaluate differences between nSIPPV and non-synchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) in preterm infants with respiratory distress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved designing a custom algorithm for signal analysis. Data were collected through a polygraph that could simultaneously gather respiratory data from the patients and the ventilator. Patient-ventilator synchrony was evaluated by applying the SyncNIV system in a randomized crossover study designed to compare nSIPPV and nIPPV. The primary outcome was the mean instant Synchrony Index (i-SI), defined as the portion of the inspiration effort sustained by ventilator inflation, expressed as a percentage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen infants with a median (IQR) gestational age of 28.6 (25.6-30.3) were enrolled. We analyzed 43,304 ventilator inflations and 50,221 patient breaths. The i-SI was 54.69% (44.49-60.09) in nSIPPV and 39.54% (33.40-48.75) in nIPPV, p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SyncNIV system confirmed better i-SI during nSIPPV than during nIPPV, demonstrating its effectiveness in assessing the differences between these two modes of non-invasive ventilation in preterm infants. The SyncNIV system could be a useful tool for optimizing the ventilation parameters and improving the effectiveness and comfort of respiratory support systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":94152,"journal":{"name":"Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Neonatal Hypoglycemia in Twins versus Singletons following Exposure to Antenatal Steroid Therapy Is Comparable: A Retrospective Study in a Single Center.","authors":"Rakefet Yoeli-Ullman, Roni Zemet, Keren Zloto, Arik Toren, Heli Alexandroni, Irit Schushan Eisen, Shalom Mazaki-Tovi","doi":"10.1159/000542266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) administration before anticipated preterm birth is one of the most important interventions available to improve neonatal outcomes. Nevertheless, this treatment is associated with an increased risk of neonatal hypoglycemia. The aim of this study was to determine whether preterm twins who receive ACS are at increased risk for developing neonatal hypoglycemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study of indicated and spontaneous preterm births of twins at a single center between 2011 and 2018. The study population included 3 groups matched for gestational age at delivery and birth weight: (1) Twin neonates who received a course of ACS 1-7 days before birth (n = 532); (2) twins who did not receive ACS at that time interval (n = 532); and (3) singletons receiving ACS 1-7 days before birth (n = 266). The primary outcome was neonatal hypoglycemia (<40 mg/dL/2.2 mmol/L) within the first 24 h and 48 h of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of neonatal hypoglycemia during the first 24 h of life was significantly higher in singletons exposed to ACS compared to twins not exposed to ACS (p = 0.019) and in twins exposed to ACS compared to twins not exposed to ACS (p = 0.047). The rate of neonatal hypoglycemia was almost identical between twins and singletons exposed to ACS (p = 0.72). Regression analysis revealed that exposure to ACS and birth weight were independently associated with neonatal hypoglycemia after adjustment for maternal age, body mass index, gravidity, gestational diabetes mellitus, and gestational age at delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exposure to ACS, rather than plurality, is associated with short-lived neonatal hypoglycemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":94152,"journal":{"name":"Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third-Trimester Development of Central Autonomic Network Connectivity Is Altered in an Extrauterine Environment.","authors":"Kelsey Christoffel, Josepheen De Asis Cruz, Kevin Michael Cook, Kushal Kapse, Nickie Andescavage, Sudeepta Basu, Catherine Limperopoulos, Adre du Plessis","doi":"10.1159/000543277","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The central autonomic network (CAN), which involves complex interconnected brain regions that modulate the autonomic nervous system, may be key to understanding higher risk for psychosocial and behavioral challenges in preterm neonates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We compared resting-state functional connectivity of the CAN in 94 healthy term-born controls and 94 preterm infants at term-equivalent age. In preterm infants, we correlated CAN connectivity with postmenstrual age (PMA). The preterm cohort underwent the Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment at 18-month follow-up, and these scores were correlated with CAN connectivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CAN connectivity at the amygdala (p < 0.001), hippocampus (p < 0.001), insula (p < 0.001), brainstem (p = 0.003), and thalamus (p = 0.032) was significantly higher in term (n = 94) than preterm (n = 94) neonates. In preterm neonates, CAN connectivity positively correlated with PMA at the thalamus (r = 0.438, p < 0.001), insula (r = 0.304, p < 0.001), precuneus (r = 0.288, p < 0.001), hippocampus (r = 0.283, p < 0.001), and amygdala (r = 0.142, p = 0.034). At 18-month follow-up (n = 30, mean age 19.8 ± 3.4 months), CAN connectivity at the insula was negatively correlated with externalizing behaviors (r = -0.529, p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In preterm neonates, the CAN evolves dynamically over the extrauterine third trimester and is measurably different compared to term-born neonates in ways that impact developmental outcomes. This is the first study to describe CAN connectivity using resting-state functional MRI in large cohort of term and preterm neonates and to report an association of CAN connectivity and behavioral outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94152,"journal":{"name":"Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Enteral Protein Intake and Fat-Free Mass Accretion in Very Preterm Infants.","authors":"Maggie Jerome, Emily Gunawan, Natalia Aristizabal, Paula Chandler-Laney, Ariel A Salas","doi":"10.1159/000543326","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>For preterm infants, the first 2 weeks after birth are a time when nutrition and protein intake is variable and often falls below recommended intakes. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between protein intake, including source of protein, during the first 2 weeks after birth and fat-free mass (FFM) accretion in a group of very preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational cohort study, body composition was assessed using air displacement plethysmography in eligible infants <32 weeks gestational age at 2 weeks after birth and prior to discharge. FFM accretion was calculated as difference between the two measurements. We collected daily nutrition data for the first 2 weeks. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the relationship between protein intake and body composition and weight gain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-eight infants were included (mean birthweight: 1,408±278 g). Mean cumulative protein intake of this cohort in the first 2 weeks was 2.4±0.8 g/kg/day of which 74±19% was enteral (1.7±0.6 g/kg/day). Enteral protein intake was associated with higher FFM while parenteral protein was associated with lower FFM. Total protein intake from both sources during the first 2 weeks after birth was positively associated with greater weight gain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Enteral protein intake during the first 2 weeks after birth is associated with higher FFM and weight in preterm infants. Future interventional studies should investigate the effects of higher enteral protein intake during the first 2 weeks after birth on growth and body composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":94152,"journal":{"name":"Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142924406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Härtel et al.: \"Less Invasive Surfactant Administration for Preterm Infants - State of the Art\".","authors":"Christian A Maiwald, Christian F Poets, Axel R Franz","doi":"10.1159/000542538","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542538","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94152,"journal":{"name":"Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":"251-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Management of Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants in Low- and Low Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Maha Azhar, Rahima Yasin, Sawera Hanif, Sharib Afzal Bughio, Jai K Das, Zulfiqar A Bhutta","doi":"10.1159/000542154","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542154","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants are at an increased risk of morbidity and mortality compared with their term counterparts, with more than 20 million LBW infants born each year, the majority in lower middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the increased vulnerability and higher nutritional needs of these infants, optimizing feeding strategies may play a crucial role in improving their health outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We updated evidence of Every Newborn Series published in The Lancet 2014 by identifying relevant systematic reviews, extracting low-income country (LIC) and LMIC data, and conducting revised meta-analysis for these contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;We found 15 reviews; the evidence showed that early initiation of enteral feeding reduced neonatal mortality overall, but not in LIC/LMIC settings. Breastfeeding promotion interventions increased the prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding at 3 and 6 months of age in LMIC settings. There was an increased risk of neonatal mortality with formula milk in LIC/LMIC settings. Despite contributing to greater weight gain, there was a higher risk of necrotizing enterocolitis with formula milk overall. Breast milk fortification and nutrient-enriched formula improved growth outcomes. Iron and vitamin A supplementation reduced anemia and mortality rates (LMIC), respectively. The evidence also suggested that benefits of various different micronutrient supplementation interventions such as zinc, calcium/phosphorous, and vitamin D, outweigh the risks since our review demonstrates little to no adverse effects deriving from their supplementation, particularly for a breastfed preterm and/or LBW infant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Early adequate nutritional support of preterm or LBW infant is paramount to averse adverse health outcomes, contribute to normal growth, resistance to infection, and optimal development. Breast milk feeding and micronutrient supplementation are crucial to reduce diarrhea incidence and mortality respectively while feed fortification or nutrient-enriched formula, when breast milk is not available, to enhance better growth especially in LMICs where there is higher population of growth restriction and stunting. This review also highlights need for randomized trials in LMICs at large scale to further strengthen the evidence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants are at an increased risk of morbidity and mortality compared with their term counterparts, with more than 20 million LBW infants born each year, the majority in lower middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the increased vulnerability and higher nutritional needs of these infants, optimizing feeding strategies may play a crucial role in improving their health outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We updated evidence of Every Newborn Series published in The Lancet 2014 by ident","PeriodicalId":94152,"journal":{"name":"Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":"209-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11875417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Utility of Preserved Dried Umbilical Cord Polymerase Chain Reaction in Intrauterine Herpes Simplex Virus Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Yasumasa Tsuda, Takeshi Matsushige, Hirofumi Inoue, Madoka Hoshide, Hiroki Hamano, Keiko Hasegawa, Masako Moriuchi, Hiroyuki Moriuchi, Shunji Hasegawa","doi":"10.1159/000540506","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intrauterine herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is uncommon and challenging to diagnose, requiring detection of HSV in skin lesions within 48 h post-birth.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A preterm female infant presented with the typical triad of blisters, microcephaly, and chorioretinitis, but the initial diagnostic approach was elusive due to negative results for TORCH pathogens from vesicles/serum. Referred at 7 months for developmental delay and epilepsy, her brain imaging showed calcification and cortical dysplasia. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of her preserved dried umbilical cord detected HSV-2 DNA, diagnosing intrauterine HSV infection. HSV-2 was later found in relapsed blisters at 8 months but not in cerebrospinal fluid or brain tissue. A literature review identified 104 congenital/intrauterine HSV cases; 28.8% presented the typical triad, and 50% were diagnosed using specimens collected 48 h post-birth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case marks the first retrospective diagnosis of intrauterine HSV infection via PCR on preserved umbilical cord, underscoring its diagnostic value.</p>","PeriodicalId":94152,"journal":{"name":"Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":"27-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Time Ultrasound Tip Location Reduces Malposition and Radiation Exposure during Umbilical Venous Catheter Placement in Neonates: A Retrospective, Observational Study.","authors":"Vito D'Andrea, Giorgia Prontera, Francesco Cota, Alessandro Perri, Rosellina Russo, Giovanni Barone, Giovanni Vento","doi":"10.1159/000538905","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The umbilical venous catheter is a vital access device in neonatal intensive care units for preterm and critically ill infants. Correct positioning is crucial, as malpositioning can lead to severe complications. According to international guidelines, the position of the umbilical venous catheter tip must be assessed in real time; traditionally, the catheter is visualized with a thoracoabdominal X-ray, but one of the most effective and safest methods is therefore real-time ultrasound.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study compares real-time ultrasound and traditional X-ray methods for assessing umbilical venous catheter tip location in 461 cases. The rate of tip malposition was analyzed retrospectively. The secondary aim was to assess indwelling time of umbilical venous catheters and reasons of removal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Real-time ultrasound tip location, found to be more reliable and efficient, demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of primary malpositioning compared to X-ray assessments (9.6 vs. 75.9%). The study also highlighted the association of real-time ultrasound with reduced catheter manipulation, fewer radiographs, and higher indwelling times of umbilical venous catheter. The multiple logistic regression showed a high probability of the central safe position of the umbilical venous catheter tip using real-time ultrasound tip location (odds ratio 29.5, 95% confidence interval: 17.4-49.4).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings support the adoption of real-time ultrasound in clinical settings to enhance umbilical venous catheter placement accuracy and minimize associated risks. A minimal training investment is needed to attain the proficiency to visualize the umbilical venous catheters, offering a substantial advantage in terms of both cost-effectiveness for the procedure and enhanced patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":94152,"journal":{"name":"Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":"32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cerebral Oximetry-Guided Treatment on Brain Injury in Preterm Infants as Assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging at Term Equivalent Age: An Ancillary SafeBoosC-III Study.","authors":"Miguel Alsina-Casanova, Mathias Lühr-Hansen, Victoria Aldecoa-Bilbao, Ruth Del Rio, Pierre Maton, Kosmas Sarafidis, Pamela Zafra-Rodriguez, Zachary Andrew Vesoulis, Emmanuele Mastretta, Ilia Bresesti, Marta Gomez-Chiari, Mónica Rebollo, Jamil Khamis, Angelos Baltatzidis, Isabel Benavente-Fernandez, Joshua Shimony, Giovanni Morana, Massimo Agosti, Nuria Carreras, Adriana Cuaresma, Ambre Gau, Athanasia Anastasiou, Simón Pedro Lubian-López, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Paola Sciortino, Francesca Dessimone, Markus Harboe Olsen, Thais Agut, Gorm Greisen","doi":"10.1159/000539175","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The SafeBoosC-III trial investigated the effect of cerebral oximetry-guided treatment in the first 72 h after birth on mortality and severe brain injury diagnosed by cranial ultrasound in extremely preterm infants (EPIs). This ancillary study evaluated the effect of cerebral oximetry on global brain injury as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term equivalent age (TEA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MRI scans were obtained between 36 and 44.9 weeks PMA. The Kidokoro score was independently evaluated by two blinded assessors. The intervention effect was assessed using the nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum test for median difference and 95% Hodges-Lehmann (HL) confidence intervals (CIs). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the agreement between the assessors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 210 patients from 8 centers were included, of whom 121 underwent MRI at TEA (75.6% of alive patients): 57 in the cerebral oximetry group and 64 in the usual care group. There was an excellent correlation between the assessors for the Kidokoro score (ICC agreement: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.91-0.95). The results showed no significant differences between the cerebral oximetry group (median 2, interquartile range [IQR]: 1-4) and the usual care group (median 3, IQR: 1-4; median difference -1 to 0, 95% HLCI: -1 to 0; p value 0.1196).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In EPI, the use of cerebral oximetry-guided treatment did not lead to significant alterations in brain injury, as determined by MRI at TEA. The strong correlation between the assessors highlights the potential of the Kidokoro score in multicenter trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":94152,"journal":{"name":"Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":"38-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal Outcomes following 2 Cases of Maternal CAR-T Therapy for High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma.","authors":"Daniel O'Reilly, Charlotte Jones, Aisling Smith, David Mackin, Laura Mc Donald, John Quinn, Maeve O'Reilly, Aisling M Flinn, Ronan Leahy, David Williams, Jennifer Donnelly, David Corcoran","doi":"10.1159/000542016","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-Ts) targeting CD19 represent a significant advance in treatment for patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies. Although a significant minority of recipients are women during their reproductive years, there is a paucity of data regarding pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women previously treated with CAR-T. This is important as maternal T cells are known to cross the placenta and into breastmilk during pregnancy and breastfeeding, respectively.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Here we present two successful pregnancies following CAR-T therapy where both neonates were initially breastfed. These represent the first cases of neonates born following CAR-T therapy comprehensively described in medical literature.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pregnancy following CAR-T therapy does not appear to be associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Further work is required to delineate the outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":94152,"journal":{"name":"Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":"146-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}