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The Performance of Flexible Fluid-Structure Interaction Module for Saltmarsh Vegetation Under Flow and Wave Action 盐沼植被在水流和波浪作用下的柔性流体-结构相互作用模块性能
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0193
Ross Henteleff, Jacob Stolle, Acacia Markov, Ion Nistor, V. Sriram
{"title":"The Performance of Flexible Fluid-Structure Interaction Module for Saltmarsh Vegetation Under Flow and Wave Action","authors":"Ross Henteleff, Jacob Stolle, Acacia Markov, Ion Nistor, V. Sriram","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0193","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the performance of a new flexible fluid-structure interaction (FSI) module in an open-source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software - REEF3D - for use in modelling saltmarsh vegetation. Unlike previous studies, which focussed on hydrodynamic response to plants (for example, wave attenuation) to check the accuracy of their numerical modelling efforts, this work attempts to replicate the plants’ drag force and motion behavior, based on results from several physical modelling studies. The flexible FSI module was found to consistently overestimate both the drag and motion of the numerical plants when compared to their physical counterparts. It is hypothesized that this is due to the module’s use of linearly elastic material theory for the flexible structures. This is arguably inadequate for the relatively flexible materials of saltmarsh vegetation.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139809485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of bonding condition of different interfaces on the mechanical responses and failure mode of asphalt pavement 不同界面的粘结条件对沥青路面力学响应和破坏模式的影响
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0249
Kang Yao, Q. Dong, Xueqin Chen, Xiang Wang, Sheng-hua Xie, Zhiqiang Cheng
{"title":"Influence of bonding condition of different interfaces on the mechanical responses and failure mode of asphalt pavement","authors":"Kang Yao, Q. Dong, Xueqin Chen, Xiang Wang, Sheng-hua Xie, Zhiqiang Cheng","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0249","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a finite element model was established to compute the responses of asphalt pavement with various bonding conditions between the asphalt concrete layers (AC-AC interface) and between the asphalt concrete layer and base (AC-Base interface). The influence of bonding conditions of different interfaces on failure mode of asphalt pavement was discussed. The results indicated that poor bonding condition would increase longitudinal tensile strain at the bottom of the AC layers and vertical compressive strain at the top of subgrade, and the negative effects of two interfaces on pavement would enhance each other. It was observed that insufficient bonding strength would reduce the predicted life of pavement and, more importantly, debonding of AC-AC interface or two interfaces simultaneously would change pavement failure mode. Additionally, it should be noted that the fully-unbonded condition of AC-AC interface would affect the critical location for crack initiation in AC layers.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Investigation on the Deicing Potential of Road Salt and Alternative Deicers 关于路面盐和替代除冰剂除冰潜力的调查
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0404
Mitchell Lawlor, Kamal Hossain
{"title":"An Investigation on the Deicing Potential of Road Salt and Alternative Deicers","authors":"Mitchell Lawlor, Kamal Hossain","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0404","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents results of a research project completed to compare the ice melting capabilities of environmentally friendly alternative deicers with average road salt. Tests were conducted in an environmental chamber where temperatures could be controlled to a certain degree to ensure that the test specimens were in the ideal condition for the most accurate results. There were 168 samples tested and their results were recorded and interpreted throughout this paper. The outcome of this research is based off the amount of brine solution produced during the melting tests, and the depth of ice penetrated for the penetration test. The data showed that all alternative deicers competed evenly or in some cases slightly outperformed rock salt. The results show that there is no clear preference that can be given to the materials, the preference could only be given based off factors not related to the ice melting and penetration.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139597614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental Study on the Drag force on Bridge Abutments 桥墩阻力实验研究
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0248
Hamid Reza Azarmidokht, A. Zarrati
{"title":"Experimental Study on the Drag force on Bridge Abutments","authors":"Hamid Reza Azarmidokht, A. Zarrati","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0248","url":null,"abstract":"The drag force exerted on a bridge abutment, representative of wall-attached structures, is studied with different geometries in various flow conditions. The drag force was quantified by two methods here: 1) direct method by using strain gauges and 2) employing the conservation of momentum equation which takes advantage of the flow characteristics. . The momentum equation results differed considerably from the direct method, mainly related to even the smallest inaccuracy in depth measurements. We suggest a modified momentum equation to enhance accuracy because of its independence on downstream flow depth measurement. The experimental results also revealed that the constriction ratio at the bridge abutment section and the abutments geometric shape are the most influential parameters on the drag coefficient. On the other hand, the effect of flow characteristics is negligible. Finally, we proposed an empirical relationship to estimate the drag coefficient.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139604746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Implications of the 2020 National Building Code of Canada Updates on the Design Demands for Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall Buildings 2020 年加拿大国家建筑规范》更新对钢筋混凝土剪力墙建筑设计要求的影响
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0111
Saeed Dehghani, L. Tobber
{"title":"Implications of the 2020 National Building Code of Canada Updates on the Design Demands for Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall Buildings","authors":"Saeed Dehghani, L. Tobber","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0111","url":null,"abstract":"The seismic demands of the Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls (RCSWs) system are determined based on Canada's National Building Code (NBC). NBC 2020 features the revised Canadian Seismic Hazard Model (CSHM) and presents the possibility of enhancing demand's accuracy by determining design spectra based on the specific average shear wave velocity, instead of specified site classes. This paper investigates the changes in design demands for RCSWs compared to the previous edition. To do so, fifty-five RCSW prototypes were modelled using distributed mass and stiffness procedure, and their dynamic response was assessed through Modal Response Spectrum Analysis (MRSA) at five locations across Canada. The results highlight significant changes in deformation and force demands, where the majority of cases experienced an increase in 2020 compared to 2015 when demands were determined based on specified site classes. This study also evaluates the log-log interpolation method recommended by NBC 2020 for the design spectral acceleration.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139609265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Behaviour of glued-laminated timber beams under impact loading 胶合层压木梁在冲击荷载下的行为
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0298
Nicole Wight, C. Viau, Patrick P.J. Heffernan
{"title":"Behaviour of glued-laminated timber beams under impact loading","authors":"Nicole Wight, C. Viau, Patrick P.J. Heffernan","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0298","url":null,"abstract":"Short duration loads, such as impact loading, have the potential to generate catastrophic effects on infrastructure and loss of life. Although design provisions for engineered wood products are included in Canada’s blast design standard, CSA S850, how these structural materials respond to blast and impact loads across a wide range of high strain rates has not been well documented. An experimental program was carried out using a newly established Drop Weight Impact Testing Facility to investigate the flexural behaviour of glued-laminated timber beams subjected to impact loading. High-strain rates were generated, whereby the dynamic specimens were found to differ quantitatively and qualitatively from their quasi-static counterparts. Dynamic increase factors of 1.13 and 1.20 were observed on the peak resistance and initial stiffness, respectively. A single-degree-of-freedom model was developed and validated against the experimental test results, where it was found to accurately predict the displacement-time histories of the specimens until failure.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139612459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental and Numerical Performance analysis of Alccofine-based crumb rubber concrete under Quasi-Static cyclic Load 准静态循环载荷下铝氯芬基碎屑橡胶混凝土的实验和数值性能分析
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0122
P. Haldar, Somnath Karmakar
{"title":"Experimental and Numerical Performance analysis of Alccofine-based crumb rubber concrete under Quasi-Static cyclic Load","authors":"P. Haldar, Somnath Karmakar","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0122","url":null,"abstract":"Structure, during its design period, may face unpredictable dynamic loading: wind, earthquake, and blast. Unavoidably, loading rates impact the dynamic behaviours of structures. Besides, the infrastructure system is more susceptible to dynamic loading. Therefore, a study on the dynamic behaviour of concrete under Quasi-Static cyclic load is inevitable. Fortunately, the researchers explored that innovative materials could respond better to extreme dynamic loading. One of the serious issues is the demolition of rubber tyres, which may be solved by converting the same into crumb form as an innovative construction material. In the present study, experimental and Finite Element Method based numerical analysis shows a substantial improvement in fatigue, flexural, ductility, inelastic performance and energy dissipation capacity of the Alcofine-based crumb rubber concrete beam. These performances are observed experimentally under monotonic and Quasi-Static cyclic loads. The load-carrying capacity has also been predicted analytically; the results agree with the experimental and numerical ones.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139616905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Human-Induced Vibration in Floors of Modular Hospitals 模块化医院地板的人体振动评估
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0091
Rahul Saini, Vahid Sadeghian, Jeffrey Erochko, David Lau
{"title":"Evaluation of Human-Induced Vibration in Floors of Modular Hospitals","authors":"Rahul Saini, Vahid Sadeghian, Jeffrey Erochko, David Lau","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0091","url":null,"abstract":"Construction of modular hospitals has gained significant attention since the global pandemic. One important design requirement for hospitals that is critical for their safe operation is to control floor vibration. Floors in modular buildings are often more prone to vibration because they are lightweight and less restrained. This study first presents a standardized design layout for modular hospitals developed based on Canadian code requirements. Then, the human-induced vibration of various floor systems designed for this sample modular hospital is investigated using different analysis methods including a new method developed by the authors. It is found that conventional floor designs may not be suitable for modular hospitals considering the strict vibration limits for hospitals and the need for lightweight construction. Using detailed FE analysis, it is shown that the proposed method can accurately predict the vibration response of various floors including those that have frequencies well beyond the application range of existing design methods.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139617926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing winter road maintenance with explainable AI: SHAP analysis for interpreting machine learning models in road friction estimation 用可解释的人工智能加强冬季道路养护：用 SHAP 分析法解释道路摩擦力估算中的机器学习模型
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0410
Xueru Ding, Tae J. Kwon
{"title":"Enhancing winter road maintenance with explainable AI: SHAP analysis for interpreting machine learning models in road friction estimation","authors":"Xueru Ding, Tae J. Kwon","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0410","url":null,"abstract":"Effective winter road maintenance relies on precise road friction estimation. Machine learning (ML) models have shown significant promise in this; however, their inherent complexity makes understanding their inner workings challenging. This paper addresses this issue by conducting a comparative analysis of road friction estimation models using four ML methods, including regression tree, random forest, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and support vector regression (SVR). We then employ the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) explainable artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance model interpretability. Our analysis on an Alberta dataset reveals that the XGBoost model performs best with an accuracy of 91.39%. The SHAP analysis illustrates the logical relationships between predictor features and friction within all three tree-based models, but it also uncovers inconsistencies within the SVR model, potentially attributed to insufficient feature interactions. Thus, this paper not only showcase the role of explainable AI in improving the ML interpretability of models for road friction estimation, but also provides practical insights that could improve winter road maintenance decisions.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139438257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of hemispherical roughness spacing on Double-averaged turbulence characteristics for different flow submergence 半球形粗糙度间距对不同水流淹没度下双平均湍流特性的影响
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0360
Jayanta Shounda, K. Barman, K. Debnath
{"title":"Effect of hemispherical roughness spacing on Double-averaged turbulence characteristics for different flow submergence","authors":"Jayanta Shounda, K. Barman, K. Debnath","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0360","url":null,"abstract":"The double-averaged (DA) turbulence characteristics over rough bed comprising of hemispherical elements with different spacing (p/r = 2, 4, 6, and 8; p = pitch distance; r = height of hemisphere) is quantified for three flow-submergences [h/r = 7.14, 5.35, 3.57; mean flow-depth (h)= 20 cm, 15 cm, and 10 cm]. The production and dissipation rates of turbulent kinetic energy are maximum at and below the crest level. Within interfacial sublayer, the degree of anisotropy is observed to be maximum for p/r = 4 and the tendency for the return to isotropy is strongest for p/r = 8 in the outer layer. The turbulence generated in the bottom region is still present in the outer region for low flow-submergences. The turbulence strength is maintained in the roughness order (descending) as p/r = 4 >2> 6 > 8 > plane bed; wherein the change in flow-submergence does not change this order.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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