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Improved NASM Framework for the Land Application of Food Processing Wash-water and Solid Residuals 食品加工洗涤水和固体残留物土地利用的改进NASM框架
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0138
Connor Dunlop, B. Abbassi, R. Zytner
{"title":"Improved NASM Framework for the Land Application of Food Processing Wash-water and Solid Residuals","authors":"Connor Dunlop, B. Abbassi, R. Zytner","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0138","url":null,"abstract":"The land application of food-processing wash-waters provides valuable nutrients and soil organic matter to agriculture lands if properly applied. Many jurisdictions have processes in place to ensure that land application provides positive benefits while protecting the environment. However, Ontario food processors have indicated that the land application regulations for wastes are overly burdensome and hindering economic opportunities. Therefore, research was completed to identify potential improvements to Ontario’s land application framework. The research revealed that Ontario has one of the best regulatory frameworks for land application compared to other North American jurisdictions. Ontario’s documents are easy to find and navigate, but the standards are overly burdensome for lower risk sources of waste. For example, high-risk sources for pathogens and heavy metals such as sewage wastewater are grouped with lower risk sources such as food-processing wash-waters. Potential improvements are presented, including decreased sampling frequencies.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84206224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatiotemporal Trends in Temperature and Precipitation for Prince Edward Island over 1971-2020 1971-2020年爱德华王子岛气温和降水的时空变化趋势
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0186
Rana Ali Nawaz, Xiuquan Wang, S. Basheer, Katie Sonier, Tianze Pang, T. Adekanmbi
{"title":"Spatiotemporal Trends in Temperature and Precipitation for Prince Edward Island over 1971-2020","authors":"Rana Ali Nawaz, Xiuquan Wang, S. Basheer, Katie Sonier, Tianze Pang, T. Adekanmbi","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0186","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change has been attracting significant attention in Canada lately. This study investigates spatiotemporal air temperature and precipitation changes by developing high-resolution (i.e., 1km x 1km grid) climate maps from 1971 to 2020. The climate monitoring data are collected and synthesized from various sources and then used to develop high-resolution climate maps with state-of-the-art spatial interpolation methods. The error metrics results show that the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method performs the best for air temperature and precipitation and thus is used in this study. Significant temporal trends show that the annual mean temperature increased by 0.03 °C/year in western and eastern PEI, covering 62.75% of PEI area. Similarly, the annual precipitation has decreased by around 4.8 mm/year in Prince County and eastern parts of Queens and Kings counties, covering 62.81% of PEI area. In Growing season, temperature has increased by 0.05 °C/year, and precipitation is decreased by 2.1 mm/year in Prince County. This information illustrates the dynamics of temperature and precipitation toward the changing climate.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82240976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nano-modified Cementitious Binders Reinforced with Basalt Fiber/Polymer Pellets as a Stabilizer for Weak Soils 玄武岩纤维/聚合物微球增强纳米改性胶凝粘结剂对弱土的稳定作用
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0099
Abdalla Eissa, A. Yasien, M. Bassuoni, M. Alfaro
{"title":"Nano-modified Cementitious Binders Reinforced with Basalt Fiber/Polymer Pellets as a Stabilizer for Weak Soils","authors":"Abdalla Eissa, A. Yasien, M. Bassuoni, M. Alfaro","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0099","url":null,"abstract":"Constructing on soft clay entails engineering challenges, such as significant volumetric changes; hence, stabilizing such problematic soil is essential. Since using lime in stabilizing soil is not recommended in some regions (e.g., Manitoba, Canada) due to some environmental concerns, there is a pressing need to explore suitable alternatives. This study investigates the efficiency of stabilizing soft clay using nano-modified cementitious binders (cement, slag, nano-silica), reinforced with a new class of fibers (basalt fiber pellets). The mechanical and durability properties of the mixtures have been tested in terms of California Bearing Ratio, compressive strength, unconsolidated-undrained triaxial stresses, and freezing-thawing resistance. Thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscope analyses were performed to interpret the bulk trends. The results showed significant improvement of soft clay specimens stabilized with the nano-modified cementitious binders and reinforced with the pellets. This demonstrates the potential of the proposed reinforced binders for field applications involving stabilization of soft soils.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"216 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86159732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Location-Allocation Strategies for Traffic Counters – A Citywide Deployment 交通计数器的位置分配策略-全市部署
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2022-0463
Mingjian Wu, T. Kwon
{"title":"Location-Allocation Strategies for Traffic Counters – A Citywide Deployment","authors":"Mingjian Wu, T. Kwon","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2022-0463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2022-0463","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an innovative geostatistical approach; namely network regression kriging (NRK), for optimizing location-allocation of traffic counters within a road network. Long-term traffic observations for different road types are utilized by combining several semivariograms to better represent traffic behaviors. This location optimization problem minimizes the NRK estimation variance of traffic volumes via the simulated annealing algorithm. A real-world case study in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, was used to illustrate the distinct features of our proposed approach. The results suggest the generated traffic counters’ configurations can significantly improve the estimation accuracies. An effort was also made to reduce the number of traffic counters while maintaining the same estimation accuracies, and the result indicated potential equipment savings for up to 46.13%. The findings of this study imply the proposed approach could be used as a decision-support and performance evaluation tool for transportation authorities to deploy traffic counters and assess alternative deployment strategies.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"433 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75786781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aseismic effect of old single-layer masonry agricultural house structure strengthened with embedded steel frame and steel strip 预埋钢框架钢带加固单层砖石农房旧结构的抗震效果
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2022-0253
Bo Song, Chen Lu, Mansheng Wang, Heng Zhou
{"title":"Aseismic effect of old single-layer masonry agricultural house structure strengthened with embedded steel frame and steel strip","authors":"Bo Song, Chen Lu, Mansheng Wang, Heng Zhou","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2022-0253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2022-0253","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the old rural houses in Beijing are single-layer buildings with double-sloping roofs. Under an earthquake, the gable is prone to an outward tilt, and the structure is prone to collapse as a whole. In view of the structural characteristics of the existing rural houses in Beijing, a reinforcement technology is proposed, in which the embedded steel frame reinforcement is mainly used, supplemented by a steel plate strip reinforcement. A 1/4 masonry structure model is designed for a shaking table test. A full-scale model is established in a finite element simulation analysis. The results show that the longitudinal wall is seriously damaged, and the gable has a considerable outward inclination under earthquakes. However, owing to the reinforcement effect of the steel frame, the overall collapse of the structure is avoided. The steel strip can effectively restrain the outward inclination of the gable and ensure safety of personnel.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78163497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Uniformity Inspection of Tack Coats Through Measurement Conducted on Drone-Collected Images 基于无人机采集图像的粘性涂层均匀性检测
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0106
Aida da Silva, Linjun Lu, Zhenhua Zhu, Linbing Wang, Fei Dai
{"title":"Uniformity Inspection of Tack Coats Through Measurement Conducted on Drone-Collected Images","authors":"Aida da Silva, Linjun Lu, Zhenhua Zhu, Linbing Wang, Fei Dai","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0106","url":null,"abstract":"Tack coat is a thin asphalt applied between the existing surface and asphalt overlay during road rehabilitation. Its coverage uniformity is vital in providing adhesive bonding between the two layers in the structure. This paper proposes a novel method for automatic uniformity inspection of tack coat coverage using images collected by drones. In this method, color thresholding is first performed to extract coarse region of the tack coat. Then, the boundaries of the tack coat are detected to refine the tack coat region by masking outliers. Next, the region of interest is processed to extract texture features using gray level co-occurrence (GLCM). Finally, the texture features are leveraged to grade the tack coat uniformity level using LightGBM. Experiments were conducted to examine the performance of the method. The resulting accuracy signifies the potential of this method in developing high-efficient and cost-effective solutions to enhance the current tack coat inspection practice.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77690981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Considerations in the Planning and Design of Bridges in Ice-Affected Rivers: A Review 受冰影响的河流中桥梁规划设计的考虑:综述
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0039
B. Burrell, G. Comfort, S. Beltaos
{"title":"Considerations in the Planning and Design of Bridges in Ice-Affected Rivers: A Review","authors":"B. Burrell, G. Comfort, S. Beltaos","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0039","url":null,"abstract":"Bridge infrastructure assets should be planned, designed, constructed, and operated to account for the physical processes that may occur over their service lives. In ice-affected rivers, this includes the interaction of bridge infrastructure with river ice. Advancements in river-ice science and modelling of ice processes in ice-covered rivers has enhanced the abilities of civil / hydrotechnical engineers to plan, design, and construct bridges in and along rivers with seasonal ice covers. In this paper, an overview is presented of ice-related considerations with respect to bridges. The bottom-chord elevation of the bridge superstructure with respect to water and ice levels, pier design to withstand ice forces, the waterway opening for ice passage, ice-induced scour, and research needs are discussed. However, as outlined in the paper, research on ice loads and passage at bridge sites, and on hydroclimatic and ice conditions that led to bridge damage and failure remains needed.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"10 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86434913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ice accumulation at a water intake: a case study on the Mille-Iles River, Québec 取水口积冰:以曲海省Mille-Iles河为例
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0076
Tadros R. Ghobrial, Amandine Pierre, S. Boyd, Mark R. Loewen
{"title":"Ice accumulation at a water intake: a case study on the Mille-Iles River, Québec","authors":"Tadros R. Ghobrial, Amandine Pierre, S. Boyd, Mark R. Loewen","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0076","url":null,"abstract":"The blockage of water intakes by ice is recurrent in northern rivers during winter. Previous field studies have monitored field conditions leading to ice blockage and provided a review of mitigations methods. However, to improve the efficacy of these measures, the mechanisms that create the blockage need to be locally measured. For this purpose, a field campaign was implemented to monitor a water intake on the Mille-Iles River at Terrebonne, Quebec, during the winter of 2020-2021. Results from this study showed that ice accumulation on the trash rack had an average growth rate of 1.35 cm/hr and reached a maximum thickness of 24 cm. The release rate of these trash rack accumulation events was on average 1.8 cm/hr, which is 30% faster than the deposition rate. A minimum cumulative degree minutes of supercooling of 4.5 °C.min was required for the start of a trash rack ice accumulation event.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81557171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ice processes in culverts with two fish passage designs: a case study in southern Quebec 两个鱼通道设计的涵洞中的冰过程:魁北克南部的一个案例研究
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0088
Jean Ladouceur, Tadros R. Ghobrial
{"title":"Ice processes in culverts with two fish passage designs: a case study in southern Quebec","authors":"Jean Ladouceur, Tadros R. Ghobrial","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0088","url":null,"abstract":"According to Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, culverts and other stream crossings must be designed to ensure fish passage. The effects of ice processes on these fish passage designs have never been assessed. This study is the first to document ice processes on two different types of fish passage designs (streambed simulation and baffle). The results of a two-year field monitoring campaign showed that the culvert simulating the streambed retains a natural ice regime, i.e., both freeze-up and break-up occurred concurrently with the rest of the stream, while multiple supercooling events were recorded under a thin ice cover. As for the culvert with baffles, it was observed that the ice cover formed earlier and stayed longer in the culvert which can create a barrier for fish transiting through them.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74992399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Numerical Model Study on Grasse River Ice Control Structures 格拉斯河控冰结构的数值模型研究
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2023-0047
T. Kolerski, H. T. Shen
{"title":"A Numerical Model Study on Grasse River Ice Control Structures","authors":"T. Kolerski, H. T. Shen","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0047","url":null,"abstract":"Ice jams in the Grasse River have caused the erosion of capping material designed to prevent the resurfacing of the bed sediment in the PCB-contaminated area. Two in-stream ice-control structures are proposed to avoid the jam-induced erosion of the capping material. These two ice-control options are a pier-type ice-control structure and a reconstruction of a small hydropower dam upstream of the capping site. A numerical model study using the DynaRICE model is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed design. Flow and ice conditions corresponding to the 100-year return period of ice jam events obtained from analyzing historical breakup ice jam data are used in the evaluation. The results showed that these ice-control structures could reduce the ice discharge downstream and the size of the ice jam at the capping site to prevent the erosion and scour of the PCB-contaminated bed.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90259749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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