Metabolism open最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects Dovyalis Abyssinica (A. Rich)","authors":"Temesgen Baylie ,&nbsp;Wuhabie Tsega ,&nbsp;Mamaru Getinet ,&nbsp;Desalegn Abebaw ,&nbsp;Gashaw Azanaw ,&nbsp;Adane Adugna ,&nbsp;Mohammed Jemal","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The leaves of <em>Dovyalis Abyssinica</em> have been used traditionally for the management of diabetes mellitus. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Effects of <em>Dovyalis Abyssinica</em> leaves crude extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To Evaluate the Antihyperglycemic, and Antioxidant Effects of Dovyalis Abyssinica Leaves Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice. Male Swiss albino mice were induced into diabetes using 100 mg/kg of streptozotocin. Mice were allocated randomly into six groups, six mice per group. The body weight and FBG measurements were done on days 0, 7th, 14th and 21st of treatment. Additionally, in vitro Antioxidant Activity of the Extract was determined using a DPPH assay. The data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6, exported to SPSS version 26.0, and analysed by using a one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey post hoc test, and P &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Dovyalis Abyssinica leaves crude extract showed significant (P &lt; 0.05-P&lt; 0.001) blood-glucose-lowering activity. Moreover, the crude extract of <em>D. abyssinica</em> reduced the fasting blood glucose level by 45.13 %, 52.51 %, 54.85 %, and 56.38 %, respectively, for DA 100, DA 200, DA 400, and GLC 5 mg/kg on the 21st day of treatment. After diabetic mice were treated with Dovyalis Abyssinica (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) for 21 days, there was a significant increase in body weight as compared to diabetic control. Antioxidant activities of the leaf extract was found to be comparable to ascorbic acid with an IC50 of 140.04 μg/ml.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The present findings revealed that <em>D. abyssinica</em> leaves could be useful for the management of diabetes mellitus and other abnormalities related to this metabolic disorder. Thus, the present study may support the traditional use of <em>D. abyssinica</em> for diabetes mellitus treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000185/pdfft?md5=61ca06ffe8ac39dad3c85abde5ee4243&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000185-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141095905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the complex interplay of risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A comprehensive review","authors":"Samradhi Singh ,&nbsp;Mona Kriti ,&nbsp;Anamika K.S. ,&nbsp;Devojit Kumar Sarma ,&nbsp;Vinod Verma ,&nbsp;Ravinder Nagpal ,&nbsp;Dheeraj Mohania ,&nbsp;Rajnarayan Tiwari ,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The complex and multidimensional landscape of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a major global concern. Despite several years of extensive research, the precise underlying causes of T2D remain elusive, but evidence suggests that it is influenced by a myriad of interconnected risk factors such as epigenetics, genetics, gut microbiome, environmental factors, organelle stress, and dietary habits. The number of factors influencing the pathogenesis is increasing day by day which worsens the scenario; meanwhile, the interconnections shoot up the frame. By gaining deeper insights into the contributing factors, we may pave the way for the development of personalized medicine, which could unlock more precise and impactful treatment pathways for individuals with T2D. This review summarizes the state of knowledge about T2D pathogenesis, focusing on the interplay between various risk factors and their implications for future therapeutic strategies. Understanding these factors could lead to tailored treatments targeting specific risk factors and inform prevention efforts on a population level, ultimately improving outcomes for individuals with T2D and reducing its burden globally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000197/pdfft?md5=e5d645d78333644167b81b312309e521&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000197-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of weekly dulaglutide versus weekly insulin in type 2 diabetes: A network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","authors":"Hazem Ayesh ,&nbsp;Sajida Suhail ,&nbsp;Suhail Ayesh ,&nbsp;Kevin Niswender","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Advancements in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy, notably with weekly agents like glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-RAs) such as dulaglutide, offer promising outcomes in clinical practice. The emergence of once-weekly insulin adds to this therapeutic arsenal. This research aims to explore and compare the efficacy and safety profiles of these agents in diabetes management, facilitating informed decision-making for optimizing their utilization in clinical practice.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases was conducted. The research protocol was registered at OSF registries (<span>https://osf.io/gd67x</span><svg><path></path></svg>). The primary outcome of interest was the change in hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), with secondary outcomes including the change in fasting plasma glucose, body weight, prevalence of hypoglycemia, and treatment discontinuation due to adverse events. The evaluation of bias risk was conducted utilizing the RoB2 tool developed by the Cochrane Collaboration. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio version 4.3.2 with the meta package version 7.0–0 and the netmeta package version 2.9–0. Confidence in network meta-analysis estimates was evaluated using the CINeMA (Confidence In Network Meta-Analysis). Heterogeneity was assessed by comparing the magnitude of the common between-study variance (τ2) for each outcome with empirical distributions of heterogeneity variances.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Dulaglutide 1.5 mg (mg) weekly demonstrated superior reduction in hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) compared to insulin, with a mean difference (MD) of −0.35 (95 % CI: −0.51 to −0.19). Additionally, Dulaglutide 1.5 mg exhibited greater weight loss, with an MD of −3.12 (95 % CI: −3.55 to −2.68). However, it also showed a higher rate of adverse events, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.40 (95 % CI: 1.12 to 1.75) compared to insulin. Both doses of Dulaglutide (1.5 mg and 0.75 mg) had lower prevalence of hypoglycemia compared to insulin, with ORs of 0.60 (95 % CI: 0.41 to 0.87) and 0.59 (95 % CI: 0.41 to 0.86), respectively. There was no significant difference in treatment discontinuation among the treatment groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Dulaglutide, particularly at higher doses, demonstrates superior efficacy in lowering hemoglobin A1C and reducing hypoglycemia risk compared to Icodec insulin in type 2 diabetes management. However, its use is also associated with a higher incidence of adverse events. Clinicians should carefully consider these factors when selecting optimal treatment strategies for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000161/pdfft?md5=15a7b5bbc46e7d4fd4fb792fda47e7a5&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000161-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140646401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a hybrid approach in integrating GLP-1 agonists and lifestyle guidance for obesity and pre-diabetes management: RWE retrospective study","authors":"Hala Zakaria,&nbsp;Sheikha Alshehhi,&nbsp;Milena Caccelli,&nbsp;Cigdem Ozkan,&nbsp;Judy Kattan,&nbsp;Zeinab Jafaar,&nbsp;Remie Laborte,&nbsp;Sofia Aleabova,&nbsp;Noah Almarzooqi,&nbsp;Ali Hashemi,&nbsp;Ihsan Almarzooqi","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>Emerging anti-obesity pharmacotherapy provides an option to correct maladaptive physiological and hormonal changes associated with obesity. One of the widely used medications in this context is glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists. However, the misuse of these medications without any guidance and monitoring of lifestyle modifications can lead to unfavorable outcomes. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a hybrid care model, incorporating GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP agonist therapies, in managing obese patients with/without pre-diabetes. This study showcases the midway results of a 6-month program, which includes a multidisciplinary care team and digital technology for continuous engagement and monitoring of patients, both in-clinic and remotely.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a retrospective observational study, 115 participants were treated with GLP-1s (semaglutide, tirzepatide, and liraglutide). Physicians, dietitians, and coaches worked together to support behavioral changes using a dedicated app provided to patients. At the care team end, an integrated portal enabled continuous data flow allowing for the care team to provide personalized care via chat at regular intervals. Data collected included food logs, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and digital biomarkers such as sleep and activity.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At the midpoint of the program, participants exhibited statistically significant improvements in various metabolic parameters. Mean weight reduction was 8 %, with significant reductions in BMI, fat mass, and cholesterol levels. 24 (20.9 %) of patients lost ≥5 % of body weight, 55 (47.8 %) patients lost ≥10 % weight, and 36 (31.3 %) patients lost ≥15 % weight. Sub-analysis of pre-diabetic patients (n=36) demonstrated substantial improvements, including control of pre-diabetes in 80.6 % of cases and reduced HbA1c levels back to normoglycemia (5.39 ± 0.27).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The Zone.Health's program, which combines pharmacotherapy with continuous engagement and monitoring to enable sustainable lifestyle modifications, demonstrated significant improvements in weight, body composition, and metabolic markers. Pre-diabetes was also effectively addressed. It is necessary to conduct further research to assess the long-term sustainability and optimal adoption of such care models into clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258993682400015X/pdfft?md5=e450e26085fa4537a1557ae336a702d9&pid=1-s2.0-S258993682400015X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140646422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in glucose readings between the continuous glucose monitoring calibration free interstitial sensors versus capillary blood glucose monitoring by glucometer: An analysis of two cases","authors":"Phaik Ling Quah ,&nbsp;Sally Mun Hua Chai ,&nbsp;Kok Hian Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To assess the differences in glucose readings between the continuous glucose monitoring calibration-free interstitial sensors versus capillary blood glucose monitoring by glucometer.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Two healthy non-pregnant volunteers participated in the study, and wore simultaneously both the calibration-free Freestyle Libre and the Dexcom G6 sensor. Glucose values were recorded before and after meals during breakfast, lunch, and dinner on three separate days by either scanning the Freestyle Libre CGM sensor with a smartphone, or obtaining glucose readings real-time through the Dexcom G6 CLARITY mobile application. Blood glucose values were recorded using the Accu-Chek Active glucose meter. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for paired non-parametric data to compare glucose readings between groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average glucose values obtained from the Dexcom G6 CGM consistently registered higher (6.54 ± 0.80 mmol/L) and those from the Freestyle Libre (5.49 ± 0.65 mmol/L) consistently lower, from the glucometer (6.17 ± 0.55 mmol/L), with p-value &lt;0.05 between groups. In the three-way comparison, the Dexcom G6 CGM sensor yielded the highest values, followed by the glucose meter, and finally the Freestyle Libre CGM sensor</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Both CGM systems exhibited discrepancies from blood glucose (BG) measurements, and variations were observed among the different CGM systems themselves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000148/pdfft?md5=10c1867844bdfaed4060c53c705bdd91&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000148-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140633334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific differences in the association between APOE genotype and metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older rural Indians","authors":"Shilna Azhuvalappil ,&nbsp;Raghav Prasad ,&nbsp;Pravin Sahadevan ,&nbsp;Hitesh Pradhan ,&nbsp;Pooja Rai ,&nbsp;Jonas S. Sundarakumar","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by elevated blood pressure, high blood glucose, excess abdominal fat, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels, significantly increases the risk of various non-communicable diseases. This study focuses on understanding the sex-specific association between Apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism and MetS among middle-aged and older adults in rural southern India.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Centre for Brain Research-Srinivaspura Aging, Neuro Senescence, and COGnition (CBR-SANSCOG) study. Participants (n = 3741) underwent comprehensive clinical assessments and blood investigations, including APOE genotyping. MetS was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program – Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the Consensus criteria. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests, ANCOVA, and logistic regression, were conducted to explore the association of APOE genotype with MetS and its components, stratified by sex.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Females carrying the APOE E4 allele had 1.31-fold increased odds of MetS (95 % CI: 1.02,1.69, p = 0.035) according to the NCEP ATP III criteria but not when the Consensus criteria were applied. The study also noted sex-specific differences in the association of APOE with various MetS components, including lipid levels and waist circumference.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Our findings reveal a sex-specific association between the APOE E4 allele and MetS, with only females having an increased risk. This study contributes to the understanding of the genetic underpinnings of MetS and highlights the importance of considering sex-specific differences in MetS research and its prevention strategies. This study underscores the complexity of MetS etiology and emphasizes the need for further research to elucidate the role of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors in its progression, particularly in sex-specific contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000136/pdfft?md5=8050e46bec5a44c2dbb105c5e875656c&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000136-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140552253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dawn-to-dusk dry fasting decreases circulating inflammatory cytokines in subjects with increased body mass index","authors":"Zahraa Al lami ,&nbsp;Miray Kurtca ,&nbsp;Moin Uddin Atique ,&nbsp;Antone R. Opekun ,&nbsp;Mohamad S. Siam ,&nbsp;Prasun K. Jalal ,&nbsp;Bijan Najafi ,&nbsp;Sridevi Devaraj ,&nbsp;Ayse L. Mindikoglu","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The circadian rhythm involves numerous metabolic processes, including sleep/awakening, body temperature regulation, hormone secretion, hepatic function, cellular plasticity, and cytokine release (inflammation), that appear to have a dynamic relationship with all the processes above. Studies have linked various cytokines to the chronic state of low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress in obesity. Dawn-to-dusk dry fasting (DDDF) could alleviate the adverse effects of obesity by decreasing inflammation. This study examined the effects of DDDF on circulating inflammatory cytokines in subjects with increased body mass index (BMI).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The current observational prospective study included adult subjects with a BMI equal to or greater than 25 kg/m² who practiced the annual religious 30-day DDDF. Individuals with significant underlying medical conditions were excluded to limit confounding factors. All subjects were evaluated within two weeks before 30-day DDDF, within the fourth week of 30-day DDDF, and within two weeks after 30-day DDDF. Multiple cytokines and clinical health indicators were measured at each evaluation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirteen subjects (10 men and three women) with a mean age of 32.9 years (SD = 9.7 years) and a mean BMI of 32 kg/m2 (SD = 4.6 kg/m²) were included. An overall associated decrease in the levels of multiple cytokines with DDDF was observed. A significant decrease in the mean interleukin 1 beta level was observed within the fourth week of 30-day DDDF (P = 0.045), which persisted even after the fasting period (P = 0.024). There was also a significant decrease in the mean levels of interleukin 15 (IL-15) (P = 0.014), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (P = 0.041), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) (P = 0.013), and monokine induced by interferon gamma/chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (P = 0.027) within the fourth week of 30-day DDDF and in the mean levels of fibroblast growth factor 2 (P = 0.010), interleukin 12 p40 subunit (P = 0.038), interleukin 22 (P = 0.025) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (P = 0.046) within two weeks after 30-DDDF. In terms of anthropometric parameters, there was a decrease in mean body weight (P = 0.032), BMI (P = 0.028), and hip circumference (P = 0.007) within the fourth week of 30-day DDDF and a decrease in mean weight (P = 0.026), BMI (P = 0.033) and hip circumference (P = 0.016) within two weeks after 30-day DDDF compared with the levels measured within two weeks before 30-day DDDF. Although there was no significant correlation between changes in weight and changes in circulating inflammatory cytokines, there was a significant positive correlation between changes in waist circumference and changes in specific inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-15, MDC, platelet-derived growth factor, soluble CD40L, vascular endothelial growth factor A) within the fourth week of 30-day DDDF and/or two weeks after 30-day DD","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000069/pdfft?md5=6772c973bbd773ac5a70691895cc910e&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000069-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139828019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of peripheral tissue substrate metabolism by the gut-derived hormone ghrelin","authors":"Nicole M. Notaro,&nbsp;David J. Dyck","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ghrelin increases in the circulation prior to entrained mealtimes, with the acylated (AG) form functioning to stimulate food intake and growth hormone release. Acutely, AG induces whole-body insulin resistance, potentially to maintain glycemia between meals. Alternatively, chronic administration of both AG and the unacylated isoform of ghrelin (unAG) is associated with improved skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity as well as reduced intramuscular lipids and inflammation. This may be due to effects on lipid metabolism, with ghrelin promoting storage of fat in adipose and liver while stimulating oxidation in skeletal muscle, preventing ectopic lipid accumulation. This is of specific relevance in the handling of meal-derived lipids, as ghrelin rises preprandially with effects persisting for 2–3 h following exposure in skeletal muscle, coinciding with elevated plasma FFAs. We hypothesize that ghrelin acts as a preparatory signal for incoming lipids, as well as a regulatory hormone for their use and storage. The effects of ghrelin on skeletal muscle are lost with high fat diet feeding and physical inactivity, potentially being implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease. This review summarizes the metabolic effects of both ghrelin isoforms on peripheral tissues including the pancreas, adipose, liver, and skeletal muscle. Additionally, we speculate on the physiological relevance of these effects in vivo and suggest that ghrelin may be a key regulatory hormone for nutrient handling in the postprandial state.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000112/pdfft?md5=a723f446a8a283cb449b7d1f27effaf6&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000112-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Boswellia dalzielii and Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic rats","authors":"Adjia Hamadjida ,&nbsp;Rigobert Espoir Ayissi Mbomo ,&nbsp;Stéphane Essono Minko ,&nbsp;Fidèle Ntchapda ,&nbsp;Jean Pierre Kilekoung Mingoas ,&nbsp;Nga Nnanga","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the leading worldwide public health problems. It is characterized by hyperglycemia which induces oxidative stress and inflammation, both involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. We previously showed that <em>Boswellia dalzielii</em> (BD) and <em>Hibiscus sabdariffa</em> (HS) extracts reduced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In the present study, we evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of both plants in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Two sets of experiments were conducted in male Wistar rats subjected to a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg, b. w.). Then, diabetic rats were daily administered with either BD (1st set of experiments) or HS (2nd set of experiments) at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg orally for 21 consecutive days. Glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) was also administered as a reference drug. At the end of the study, the animals were anesthetized, and blood samples were collected from each animal. Then, oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in the serum were determined. We found that treatment with BD and HS significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and enhanced the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). These extracts also significantly decreased the inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). From the results obtained, it can therefore be concluded that BD and HS have the potential to being developed as natural sources of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents that can be used for the prevention or treatment of DM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000100/pdfft?md5=9c2f6cf7c02dfac46e4a99beb1d61d50&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000100-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139985747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of herbal medicine use among patients living with chronic disease in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Worku Chekol Tassew ,&nbsp;Getaw Wubie Assefa ,&nbsp;Agerie Mengistie Zeleke ,&nbsp;Yeshiwas Ayal Ferede","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Complementary use of medicinal plants with prescribed drugs is becoming more widespread concern among people with chronic disease like cancer, HIV/AIDS, diabetes and hypertension. Consequently, the purpose of this review was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of herbal medicine use among patients suffering from chronic disease.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by searching articles from Cochrane library, Google scholar, PubMed and African journal online. Data was extracted using Microsoft excel format and imported in to Stata software version 11 (Stata Corp LLC, TX, USA) for analysis. Statistical heterogeneity across the studies was investigated using Cochran's Q chi-square test at the significance level of &lt;0.05 and the I² index. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of herbal medicine use.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our systematic search yielded a total of 17,665 records from four databases (Google scholar (12,800), PubMed (3835), Cochrane library (30) and African journal online (12). The pooled estimate of herbal medicine use among patients with chronic disease in Ethiopia is found to be 56.94% (95% CI: 49.75, 64.12, P &lt; 0.001). Being female (POR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.55, 2.75, I² = 10.0%), rural residence (POR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.42, 5.52, I² = 89.1%), duration of the disease greater than 5 years (POR = 6.42, 95% CI = 4.188, 9.84, I² = 48.3%) and having complication (POR = 4.65, 95% CI = 3.75, 5.77, I² = 0.0%) were factors associated with herbal medicine use among patients living with chronic disease.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study found a high prevalence of herbal medicine use among patients living with chronic disease. Being female, rural residence, duration of disease greater than 5 years and having complication were factors that are significantly associated with herbal medicine use. The prevalence of herbal medicine use among persons with chronic disease in Ethiopia presents significant implications for healthcare practice. Healthcare professionals need to adopt a patient-centered strategy that promotes open, judgment-free discussions about herbal medicine usage.</p></div><div><h3><strong>Prospero registration</strong></h3><p>CRD42024498817.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000124/pdfft?md5=60b2b58fc03ca384a456f7332cb1f0f8&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000124-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139985748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}