Metabolism open最新文献

{"title":"An updated review of popular dietary patterns during pregnancy and lactation: Trends, benefits, and challenges","authors":"Maria Chouli ,&nbsp;Anastasia Bothou ,&nbsp;Giannoula Kyrkou ,&nbsp;Sofia Kaliarnta ,&nbsp;Aikaterini Dimitrakopoulou ,&nbsp;Athina Diamanti","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review examines nutritional needs during pregnancy and lactation, focusing on the critical nutrients required for both maternal and fetal health. Essential nutrients such as folic acid, vitamin D, iron, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids play a significant role in supporting fetal development and minimizing the risk of complications like gestational diabetes, hypertension, and preterm birth. Various dietary patterns, including the Mediterranean, vegetarian/vegan, and gluten-free diets, were evaluated for their adequacy and potential benefits. The Mediterranean diet was highlighted for its protective effects against pregnancy-related health issues. In contrast, the review identified vegetarian and vegan diets as requiring careful planning to ensure sufficient intake of key nutrients. Additionally, the review explored the implications of gestational diabetes and dietary strategies for managing blood sugar levels. The effects of intermittent fasting during pregnancy were also discussed, with mixed evidence regarding its safety and impact on pregnancy outcomes. Overall, the review stresses the importance of tailored nutritional guidance to ensure optimal health for both the mother and the developing fetus during pregnancy and lactation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal relationship of familial hypercholesterolemia with risk of intestinal vascular disorders: A mendelian randomization study","authors":"Gang Wei ,&nbsp;Cheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng-Jie Shen ,&nbsp;Hua-Qi Guo ,&nbsp;Lin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The causal relationship between the familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and intestinal vascular diseases was unnoticed. This study aims to investigate the cause-and-effect relationship of FH with risk of intestinal vascular diseases in human.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed by extracting summary-level datasets for FH or FH concurrently with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and intestinal vascular diseases from the FinnGen study including 329,115, 316,290 and 350,505 individuals. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method and the weighted median method were applied to analyze the causal relationships between FH or FH concurrently with IHD and the risk of intestinal vascular diseases. Cochran's Q statistic method and MR-Egger regression were used to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The IVW method demonstrated that FH was significantly associated with higher odds of intestinal vascular diseases [OR (95%CI): 1.22 (1.03, 1.45)] (<em>P</em> = 0.02) without significant heterogeneity (<em>P</em> = 0.54) and horizontal pleiotropy (<em>P</em> = 0.43). Rs7575840 in 6.5kda upstream of <em>ApoB</em> gene, rs11591147 in <em>PCSK9</em> gene and rs9644862 in the <em>CDKN2B-AS1</em> (or named <em>ANRIL; p15AS</em>; <em>PCAT12</em>; <em>CDKN2BAS</em>; <em>CDKN2B-AS</em>; <em>NCRNA00089</em>) gene were illustrated to mostly influence the risk of intestinal vascular diseases. However, no significant causal relationship between FH concurrently with IHD and intestinal vascular diseases was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, FH was causally positive-associated with the increased risk of intestinal vascular diseases, revealing a potential unfortunate outcome for FH. Therefore, patients with FH should pay closely attention to the risk of intestinal vascular diseases. Our study may provide evidence for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in clinical practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143294267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of vitamin D deficiency in placental dysfunction: A systematic review","authors":"Eleni Gerovasili,&nbsp;Antigoni Sarantaki,&nbsp;Anastasia Bothou,&nbsp;Anna Deltsidou,&nbsp;Aikaterini Dimitrakopoulou,&nbsp;Athina Diamanti","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Vitamin D plays a critical role in pregnancy, supporting placental function via angiogenesis, immune regulation, and nutrient transport. Deficiency in vitamin D during gestation is associated with complications such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and preterm birth. However, the mechanisms linking vitamin D deficiency to placental dysfunction remain inadequately understood, highlighting the need for systematic evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review was conducted in adherence to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, with searches in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published within the last 20 years. Inclusion criteria targeted human studies examining the association between vitamin D and placental function, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies. A total of 10 studies were included following rigorous screening and quality assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings from human studies indicate that maternal vitamin D deficiency significantly impairs placental function by reducing vascular integrity, downregulating nutrient transporters, and promoting inflammation. Mechanistic evidence highlights decreased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and increased inflammatory cytokines in vitamin D-deficient pregnancies. Supplementation with active vitamin D [1α,25(OH)2D3] mitigated these adverse effects, restoring placental growth, improving nutrient transport, and reducing inflammation. Notably, population-specific differences and sex-specific responses to vitamin D sufficiency were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Vitamin D is essential for optimal placental function and pregnancy outcomes. This review underscores the need for standardized supplementation protocols and further research into long-term and population-specific effects of vitamin D. Addressing these gaps can inform targeted interventions to reduce pregnancy complications and improve maternal-fetal health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of a food-group, tree classification method and its use in exploring dietary associations with metabolic dysfunction-associated Steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and other health-related outcomes in a UK population","authors":"Amina A. Alawadi ,&nbsp;Amrita Vijay ,&nbsp;Jane I. Grove ,&nbsp;Moira A. Taylor ,&nbsp;Guruprasad P. Aithal","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) affects up to one in five people in the UK, with persistent overeating and a sedentary lifestyle being significant risk factors. Exploring dietary patterns at a food level is a novel approach to understand associations between diet and disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional case-control study included 168 MASLD patients and 34 healthy controls from Nottingham (UK). Dietary data were collected using the EPIC-food frequency questionnaire. A food-group, tree classification method was developed which categorized 923 ingredients into three levels (main food group, sub-types, and cooking methods) and intakes were associated with clinical outcomes using logistic regression and degree of liver fibrosis using linear regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant associations were found for red meat intake with MASLD (OR [CI]: 1.013 [1.001–1.025]) and fibrosis (Beta [SE]: +0.048 [0.013]); intakes of nuts (OR [CI]: 0.951 [0.905–0.999]); and fish (OR [CI]: 0.985 [0.971–0.999]) with MASLD; “Cereals and cereals products”, “salt and gravy” and baked foods with fibrosis (Beta [SE]: +0.018 to +0.057 [0.005–0.23]); white and organ meat (Beta [SE]: −0.04 to −0.61 [0.015–0.249]); diet soda (OR [CI]: +0.01 [1–1.003]) and red meat intakes (OR [CI]:+0.002 [1.002–1.016]) with T2DM; wholegrain wheat, red meat, and semi-skimmed dairy intakes with hypercholesterolemia (ORs [CI]: −0.003 to −0.023 [1–1.043]); “herbs and spices” and wholegrain rice with hypercholesterolaemia (ORs [CI]: −0.08 to −0.98 [0.159–0.989); fresh herbs and boiled foods intakes with hypertension (ORs [CI]: −0.001 to −2.21 [0.013–1]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study introduces a new food-group, tree classification method to characterise UK diet data and identify risk factors for MASLD, potentially informing the development of culturally applicable dietary guidelines designed to improve public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143228501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender based difference in glycemic control and diabetes related chronic complications among type 2 diabetic patients in Debre Berhan city public hospitals","authors":"Enguday Demeke Gebeyaw ,&nbsp;Girma Deshimo Lema","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Ethiopia. There is limited data on gender differences in glycemic control and diabetes related chronic complications in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess gender-based difference in glycemic control and diabetes related chronic complications among T2DM patients in Debre Berhan public hospitals, Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out at public hospitals in Debre Berhan. Data were gathered from 258 T2DM patients (129 men and 129 women). Using Hemoglobin A1c (HgA1c), level of glycemic control was assessed. To compare gender differences in diabetes related chronic complications and glycemic control, the chi-square test and Independent sample <em>t</em>-test were employed. However logistic regression was employed to identify gender-specific factors of poor glycemic control.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Women had poorer glycemic control, with a mean difference of 0.51 (95 % CI: 0.04–0.97) as compared with men. Alcohol consumption <em>(</em>AOR = 3.2; 95 % CI: 1.25–7.98), drug non-adherence <em>(</em>AOR = 4.1; 95 % CI: 1.01–17.54) and diabetic complications <em>(</em>AOR = 0.3; 95 % CI: 0.10–0.88) were significant factors for poor glycemic control in men. For women, rural residence <em>(</em>AOR = 0.2; 95 % CI: 0.03–0.58), duration of diabetes &gt;5 years <em>(</em>AOR = 4.3; 95 % CI: 1.15–16.17)<em>,</em> and drug non-adherence <em>(</em>AOR = 4.7; 95 % CI: 1.14–19.42) were significant factors for poor glycemic control. There were no significant gender differences in diabetes related chronic complications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study revealed significant gender differences in glycemic control among T2DM patients. Female patients experienced worse glycemic control. There were no gender differences in the prevalence of diabetes related chronic complications. This study highlights the importance of considering both general and specific factors when assessing and improving glycemic control in T2DM. Future studies should involve large sample sizes and gender focused studies to gain a deeper understanding of the relevant factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the anti-inflammatory potential of vitamin D in cardiometabolic diseases","authors":"Kabelo Mokgalaboni","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases is rising, and this is fuelled by inflammation, which tends to be worse in individuals with vitamin D (VD) deficiency. While non-steroidal anti-inflammatory interventions are available, they present with coagulation events. Hence, alternative therapy in the form of VD supplements is gaining research interest. This study reviewed the effect of VD supplementation on inflammation, focusing on nuclear factor kappa-beta (NF-κβ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) across different cardiometabolic disease. Thirty-seven studies, 16 rodent models and 21 clinical studies were evaluated. The study considered evidence from rodent models to understand the effect of VD on these markers of inflammation and its translatability to clinical studies. While the potential benefits of VD were notable in rodents, these effects were less consistent in clinical studies. Notably, rodent models showed a more pronounced impact of VD in reducing NF-κβ and TNF-α; however, clinical trials reported conflicting findings. Furthermore, the VD was important in reducing MCP-1 across different rodent models; this was partially demonstrated in clinical trials. Based on these findings, VD modulates inflammation in cardiometabolic disease by inhibiting the activation of NF-κβ and suppressing the production of TNF-α and MCP-1. Although VD has some possible benefits in rodent models, the translatability of these findings in clinical trials is limited. Hence, the presented evidence in this study calls for further randomised controlled trials to assess the effect of VD on inflammation in patients living with different conditions as a therapy to curb the inflammation and the risk thereof. Future trials should also focus on exploring the VD dose-response, optimal dose, and duration of VD intervention among these patients that may offer optimal benefits on inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the link between chronic inflammation and cancer","authors":"Siddhant Tripathi ,&nbsp;Yashika Sharma ,&nbsp;Dileep Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The highly nuanced transition from an inflammatory process to tumorigenesis is of great scientific interest. While it is well known that environmental stimuli can cause inflammation, less is known about the oncogenic modifications that chronic inflammation in the tissue microenvironment can bring about, as well as how these modifications can set off pro-tumorigenic processes. It is clear that no matter where the environmental factors come from, maintaining an inflammatory microenvironment encourages carcinogenesis. In addition to encouraging angiogenesis and metastatic processes, sustaining the survival and proliferation of malignant transformed cells, and possibly altering the efficacy of therapeutic agents, inflammation can negatively regulate the antitumoral adaptive and innate immune responses. Because chronic inflammation has multiple pathways involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis, it has gained recognition as a marker of cancer and a desirable target for cancer therapy. Recent advances in our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that drive cancer's progression demonstrate that inflammation promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis while suppressing anti-tumor immunity. In many solid tumor types, including breast, lung, and liver cancer, inflammation stimulates the activation of oncogenes and impairs the body's defenses against the tumor. Additionally, it alters the microenvironment of the tumor. As a tactical approach to cancer treatment, these findings have underscored the importance of targeting inflammatory pathways. This review highlights the role of inflammation in cancer development and metastasis, focusing on its impact on tumor progression, immune suppression, and therapy resistance. It examines current anti-inflammatory strategies, including NSAIDs, cytokine modulators, and STAT3 inhibitors, while addressing their potential and limitations. The review emphasizes the need for further research to unravel the complex mechanisms linking inflammation to cancer progression and identify molecular targets for specific cancer subtypes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of intermittent fasting on fertility: A focus on polycystic ovary syndrome and reproductive outcomes in Women-A systematic review","authors":"Maria Velissariou ,&nbsp;Chrysoula Rozalia Athanasiadou ,&nbsp;Athina Diamanti ,&nbsp;Aikaterini Lykeridou ,&nbsp;Antigoni Sarantaki","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and menstrual irregularities, leading to infertility in many women. Emerging evidence suggests intermittent fasting (IF), particularly time-restricted feeding (TRF), may improve reproductive and metabolic outcomes in women with PCOS by addressing core pathophysiological mechanisms. This systematic review examines the impact of IF on fertility and reproductive hormones in women with PCOS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library using predefined search terms related to intermittent fasting, fertility, and PCOS. Eligible studies published between 2014 and 2024 were identified following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Inclusion criteria targeted primary research evaluating the effects of IF on reproductive outcomes, menstrual irregularities, and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using the Caldwell framework.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three studies were included in the review. TRF interventions led to significant improvements in menstrual regularity, with 33–40 % of participants reporting normalized cycles. Reductions in total testosterone, free androgen index, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were observed, alongside increased sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). TRF also improved insulin sensitivity, reduced body weight, and decreased inflammatory markers, all of which contribute to enhanced reproductive outcomes. Key outcomes included a 9 % reduction in testosterone levels, 26 % reduction in the free androgen index (FAI), and significant improvements in menstrual regularity (33–40 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Intermittent fasting, particularly TRF, shows potential as a non-pharmacological intervention to improve reproductive health and fertility in women with PCOS. By targeting hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and menstrual irregularities, TRF offers a promising lifestyle approach. However, larger randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up are needed to confirm these findings and establish IF as a standard therapeutic option for PCOS management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia in diabetes mellitus: Pathogenetic aspects and the value of early erythropoietin therapy","authors":"Christina Antoniadou ,&nbsp;Efstratios Gavriilidis ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Ritis ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Tsilingiris","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anemia is a frequent, yet increasingly recognized, comorbidity in diabetes mellitus (DM), with prevalence often driven by multifactorial mechanisms. Hematinic deficiencies, common in this population, may arise from associated comorbidities or medications, such as metformin, as well as other drugs commonly employed for DM-related conditions. Among contributing factors, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) plays a pivotal role, with anemia developing more frequently and being more pronounced in earlier stages, than in CKD of other causes. This enhanced susceptibility stems primarily from the combined impact of impaired renal oxygen sensing and deficient erythropoietin (EPO) production linked to tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Additional mechanisms comprise glomerular dysfunction, shortened erythrocyte lifespan, uremia-induced bone marrow suppression, and increased bleeding risk. DM is also recognized as a chronic low-grade inflammatory condition, with its inflammatory burden driving iron maldistribution, suppression of erythropoiesis, and resistance to EPO. The diagnostic approach of anemia in DM mirrors that in the general population. Addressing modifiable causes such as hematinic deficiencies, and other chronic conditions, such as DKD and bone marrow disorders, is paramount. In total, the underlying pathophysiology of anemia in DM primarily reflects a state of absolute or relative EPO deficiency and/or diminished bone marrow responsiveness, effectively corresponding to 'anemia of chronic disease. Early initiation of EPO therapy, even in DM patients without overt DKD, may mitigate disease progression and improve outcomes. Future research should focus on diabetes-specific strategies integrating optimal EPO use, potentially implementing targeted management of renal and inflammatory contributors to anemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of blenderized watermelon consumption on satiety and postprandial glucose in overweight and obese adolescents","authors":"Caitlin Rasmussen,&nbsp;Martin Rosas Jr.,&nbsp;Isabella Gallardo,&nbsp;Anna J. Kwon,&nbsp;Hoa Luu,&nbsp;Changqi Liu,&nbsp;Shirin Hooshmand,&nbsp;Mark Kern,&nbsp;Mee Young Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Watermelon and its rind are rich in fiber, vitamins, minerals, and L-citrulline. Despite these nutritional benefits, research on the effects of blenderized watermelon (WM), especially in adolescents, remains limited. This study aimed to address this gap by examining the impact of blenderized WM (<em>Citrullus lanatus</em>, including both flesh and rind) on satiety, postprandial glucose responses, and overall acceptability among overweight and obese adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a randomized crossover design, 20 participants consumed 240 mL of either blenderized watermelon (WM) or an isocaloric sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) on separate days. A triangle sensory test assessed participants' ability to distinguish between WM with and without rind, while acceptability assessments rated flavor, sweetness, and overall satisfaction using a seven-point hedonic scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Blenderized WM consumption resulted in significantly lower postprandial glucose levels at 20 and 40 min (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) compared to SSB. Satiety responses showed delayed increases in hunger and desire to eat with WM. Feelings of fullness increased at 20 min for WM (<em>P</em> = 0.033), while SSB resulted in lower fullness than baseline at 120 min (<em>P</em> = 0.006). Participants reported increased appetite after 120 min with WM, compared to 60 min with SSB (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In the triangle sensory test, 70 % of participants correctly identified WM with and without rind, with acceptability assessments favoring WM without rind.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Blenderized WM shows potential for stabilizing postprandial glucose levels and enhancing satiety in overweight and obese adolescents. However, improving the sensory qualities of WM with rind is crucial to increase its appeal as a healthier alternative to sugary snacks. While these findings highlight its promise for managing glucose and promoting satiety, further efforts to enhance its palatability are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11764071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}