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[Overall survival, organ preservation, function preservation: the role of surgery in the treatment of laryngeal cancer]. [总体生存、器官保存、功能保存：手术在喉癌治疗中的作用]。
Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2025-07-11 Epub Date: 2025-05-04
Kornél Dános, László Tamás
{"title":"[Overall survival, organ preservation, function preservation: the role of surgery in the treatment of laryngeal cancer].","authors":"Kornél Dános, László Tamás","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prognosis of early stage laryngeal carcinoma treated with radiation therapy or surgery (preferably transoral resection) is favorable. In these cases, the choice of the therapy is mainly driven by functional outcomes (speech, swallowing and respiratory function). However, there has not been any substantial improvement in the treatment of locoregionally advanced larynx cancer. The selection of the most ideal therapy is difficult, as upfront total laryngectomy is rather radical, and has a dramatic effect on quality of life, whereas reliable predictors of radiosensitivity are lacking. Moreover, current data undermines the oncologic effectiveness of salvage laryngectomy. In this review, we summarize the current anatomical and functional facts and concepts with respect to the previous clinical trials and studies that might influence the decision making during the treatment of a laryngeal cancer patient in 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"69 2","pages":"129-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) during the treatment of cancer patients]. [癌症患者治疗期间药物相关性颌骨坏死（MRONJ）]。
Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2025-07-11 Epub Date: 2025-06-20
Zsolt Németh, Sándor Bogdán, Árpád Joób-Fancsaly, Mihály Vaszilkó, Anna Tóth, Szófia Szentpéteri
{"title":"[Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) during the treatment of cancer patients].","authors":"Zsolt Németh, Sándor Bogdán, Árpád Joób-Fancsaly, Mihály Vaszilkó, Anna Tóth, Szófia Szentpéteri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), associated with antiresorptive and antiangiogenic/immunomodulatory therapies, is a severe condition affecting the jawbones. It most commonly occurs as a side effect of treatments for malignant tumors, osteological, and rheumatological diseases. Spontaneous healing is uncommon, and no definitive causal therapy exists. Surgical interventions, such as sequestrectomy or segmental resection, provide only temporary solutions, as the unpredictable involvement of the entire jawbone complicates the progression of the disease. The development of MRONJ is primarily linked to impaired bone remodeling, especially following trauma, such as tooth extractions. Patients over 65 years of age, those with weakened conditions, diabetes, ongoing steroid therapy, or poor oral hygiene are particularly affected, with the mandibular molar region being especially at risk. This study reviews the causative medications, risk factors, and the importance of early diagnosis and prevention. It also explores research directions aimed at achieving more effective treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"69 2","pages":"118-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[New developments in the radiotherapy for head and neck cancer]. [头颈癌放疗的新进展]。
Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2025-07-11 Epub Date: 2025-03-20
Zoltán Takácsi-Nagy
{"title":"[New developments in the radiotherapy for head and neck cancer].","authors":"Zoltán Takácsi-Nagy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of head and neck tumours is rising significantly worldwide. Radiotherapy has a significant role in their treatment, not only after surgery, but also as a definitive treatment, as an organ-preserving modality. Nowadays, the incidence of oropharyngeal tumours caused by the human papillomavirus is increasing sharply. They are characterised by a very good therapeutic response, including radiosensitivity, which has led to a number of deintensification trials being carried out or ongoing. Over the past decade, irradiation methods and techniques have improved considerably and changes in therapy have been made to improve the effectiveness of treatment and reduce side effects. Newer treatment options include adaptive irradiation, better definition of the target volume, the use of hadrons, stereotactic irradiation and the rise of artificial intelligence. In the following review, the results of the major publications on the above topics will provide an overview of modern and new therapeutic techniques in the field of radiotherapy of head and neck tumours.</p>","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"69 2","pages":"135-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The effect of PSMA PET/CT performed in primary staging on the clinical decision]. [初级分期PSMA PET/CT对临床决策的影响]。
Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2025-07-11 Epub Date: 2024-11-18
Zsófia Küronya, Péter Ágoston, Kliton Jorgo, László Gesztesi, Bence Kapuvári, Péter Dombovári, Stelios Mavrogenis, Lajos Géczi, Enikő Lénárt, Tamás Dienes, Sándor Manninger, Szabolcs Szakáll, Tamás Martin, Krisztina Biró
{"title":"[The effect of PSMA PET/CT performed in primary staging on the clinical decision].","authors":"Zsófia Küronya, Péter Ágoston, Kliton Jorgo, László Gesztesi, Bence Kapuvári, Péter Dombovári, Stelios Mavrogenis, Lajos Géczi, Enikő Lénárt, Tamás Dienes, Sándor Manninger, Szabolcs Szakáll, Tamás Martin, Krisztina Biró","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Our study aimed to conduct a retrospective statistical analysis of 18F-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT results in high-risk prostate cancer patients as part of primary staging, to assess how these results influenced the original treatment plan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included high-risk prostate adenocarcinoma patients, localized by conventional imaging, who underwent PSMA PET/CT as part of primary staging between 03/01/2020 and 03/01/2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PSMA PET/CT confirmed distant metastasis in 20 out of 74 patients. Among them, 7 received local treatment due to oligometastatic disease. The remaining 13 patients had distant lymph node metastasis (1 patient), bone metastasis only (2 patients), or both (10 patients). Based on PSMA PET/CT results, these 13 patients received systemic treatment instead of local therapy. No significant statistical correlation was found between PSA levels, ISUP score, and distant metastasis verification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Broader use of PSMA PET/CT in primary staging of high-risk prostate cancer patients could allow for more precise, personalized therapy in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"69 2","pages":"203-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Complex therapy for non-melanotic skin cancers in the head and neck region]. [头颈部非黑色素皮肤癌的综合疗法]。
Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2025-07-11 Epub Date: 2025-06-25
Adrienn Herczeg, István Fodor, Attila Füzes, Ferenc Oberna
{"title":"[Complex therapy for non-melanotic skin cancers in the head and neck region].","authors":"Adrienn Herczeg, István Fodor, Attila Füzes, Ferenc Oberna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although most malignant non-melanoma skin cancers are low-risk and curable with surgical intervention, the management of locally advanced and metastasizing tumors is very challenging. Previous systemic treatment options for advanced skin cancer were limited to cytotoxic chemotherapy and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy, with significant morbidity and poor durable response rates, but the newly emerged therapies such as Hedgehog pathway inhibitors and immunotherapies have improved not only the survival, but the patients' quality of life too. The clinical trials of neoadjuvant immunotherapies are still ongoing, but in the case of borderline resection margins or surgical removal with high morbidity or severe functional impairment, immunotherapy can be a good option for aesthetical and functional preservation and provides a long term survival with combination of oncological therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"69 2","pages":"173-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Histological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinomas of oral cavity and pharynx origin - prognostic and predictive factors]. [口腔及咽源鳞状细胞癌的组织学诊断-预后及预测因素]。
Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2025-07-11 Epub Date: 2025-06-20
András Slezák, Erika Tóth
{"title":"[Histological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinomas of oral cavity and pharynx origin - prognostic and predictive factors].","authors":"András Slezák, Erika Tóth","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent tumor type among the malignancies of the mucosal lined surfaces in the head and neck region. Most frequently the diagnosis is based on the tissue taken from the primary tumor and in some cases an involved lymph node serves as a source of samples. The pathology report plays a crucial role in the decision making which is guided by the different factors included in the report. In this article we aimed to summarize the prognostic and predictive factors regarding squamous cell carcinoma of oral and pharyngeal origin while taking into account the international standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"69 2","pages":"97-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New Perspectives and State of the Art in Interventional Radiotherapy (Brachytherapy) for Head and Neck Tumors. 头颈部肿瘤介入放疗（近距离放疗）的新进展。
Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2025-07-11 Epub Date: 2025-02-10
Maria Concetta La Milia, Enrico Rosa, Pierpaolo Dragonetti, Bruno Fionda, Elisa Placidi, Valentina Lancellotta, Martina De Angeli, Francesco Pastore, Mariangela Massaccesi, Francesco Miccichè, Leonardo Bannoni, Jacopo Galli, Marco De Spirito, Maria Antonietta Gambacorta, Francesco Bussu, Luca Tagliaferri
{"title":"New Perspectives and State of the Art in Interventional Radiotherapy (Brachytherapy) for Head and Neck Tumors.","authors":"Maria Concetta La Milia, Enrico Rosa, Pierpaolo Dragonetti, Bruno Fionda, Elisa Placidi, Valentina Lancellotta, Martina De Angeli, Francesco Pastore, Mariangela Massaccesi, Francesco Miccichè, Leonardo Bannoni, Jacopo Galli, Marco De Spirito, Maria Antonietta Gambacorta, Francesco Bussu, Luca Tagliaferri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This review aims to evaluate the role of interventional radiotherapy (IRT - brachytherapy) in the clinical management of head and neck (H&N) cancers, focusing on recent technological advancements and their impact on clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature review of clinical applications of IRT in H&N cancers was conducted, emphasizing the role of advanced imaging intensity-modulated IRT and custom applicators. The role of artificial intelligence and several dose calculation algorithms in treatment planning was also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IRT demonstrated efficacy across primary treatment, postoperative settings, and reirradiation, offering precise dose delivery while sparing adjacent healthy tissues. Innovations such as image-guided techniques and personalized 3D-printed applicators improved dosimetric accuracy and reduced toxicity. Functional outcomes were particularly favorable in sensitive anatomical regions like the nasal vestibule and oral cavity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IRT remains a cornerstone of precision oncology for head and neck cancers, achieving high efficacy, reduced toxicity, and improved patient quality of life. These advancements highlight its crucial role in modern oncologic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"69 2","pages":"143-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[MP-MRI in the evaluation of non-operative treatment response, for residual and recurrent tumor detection in head and neck cancer]. [MP-MRI在评价非手术治疗疗效，用于头颈部肿瘤残留和复发的检测]。
Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2025-07-11 Epub Date: 2025-02-23
Mária Gődény
{"title":"[MP-MRI in the evaluation of non-operative treatment response, for residual and recurrent tumor detection in head and neck cancer].","authors":"Mária Gődény","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As non-surgical therapies gain acceptance in head and neck tumors, the importance of imaging has increased. New therapeutic methods (in radiation therapy, targeted biological therapy, immunotherapy) need better tumor characterization and prognostic information along with the accurate anatomy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the gold standard in head and neck cancer evaluation not only for staging but also for assessing tumor response, posttreatment status and complications, as well as for finding residual or recurrent tumor. Multiparametric anatomical and functional MRI (MP-MRI) is a true cancer imaging biomarker providing, in addition to high resolution tumor anatomy, more molecular and functional, qualitative and quantitative data using diffusion- weighted MRI (DW-MRI) and perfusion-dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (P-DCE-MRI), can improve the assessment of biological target volume and determine treatment response. DW-MRI provides information at the cellular level about the cell density and the integrity of the plasma membrane, based on water movement. P-DCE-MRI provides useful hemodynamic information about tissue vascularity and vascular permeability. Recent studies have shown promising results using radiomics features, MP-MRI has opened new perspectives in oncologic imaging with better realization of the latest technological advances with the help of artificial intelligence.</p>","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"69 2","pages":"105-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Non-surgical rehabilitation of patients with head and neck cancer]. [头颈癌患者的非手术康复]。
Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2025-07-11 Epub Date: 2025-06-18
Adrienn Herczeg, Krisztina Mészáros, Ferenc Oberna
{"title":"[Non-surgical rehabilitation of patients with head and neck cancer].","authors":"Adrienn Herczeg, Krisztina Mészáros, Ferenc Oberna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oncological treatment of head and neck tumors, and especially, advanced or metastatic tumor stages, often causes significant impairment in the vital (swallow) and communicative (articulation, phonation) functions. Recently, the quality of life has become such as important as overall survival. Dysphagia has life-threatening consequences, as dehydration, malnutrition and aspiration with choking or pneumonia. The phoniatric rehabilitation with swallow and voice therapy, significantly improves these functions and contributes to the preferred quality of life. Voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy is one of the most challenging tasks in this rehabilitation field.</p>","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"69 2","pages":"165-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Recent advances in the systemic treatment of head and neck cancers]. 头颈癌全身治疗的最新进展。
Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2025-07-11 Epub Date: 2025-07-06
Tamás Pintér
{"title":"[Recent advances in the systemic treatment of head and neck cancers].","authors":"Tamás Pintér","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a malignancy with high global morbidity and mortality. Over the past decade, systemic treatment paradigms for recurrent/ metastatic (R/M) HNSCC have evolved significantly with the introduction of immuno- and targeted therapies. The phase III KEYNOTE-048 trial established pembrolizumab, alone or in combination with chemotherapy, as a new firstline standard in PD-L1 positive cases. In the second-line setting, the CheckMate 141 and KEYNOTE-040 trials confirmed the survival benefit and favorable safety profile of PD-1 inhibitors. The recent KEYNOTE-689 and NIVOPOSTOP studies highlight the potential role of perioperative and adjuvant immunotherapy in resectable, locally advanced HNSCC. However, multiple negative studies underscore the limitations of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the definitive treatment of locally advanced disease. Defining the optimal sequencing of systemic therapies remains a key clinical challenge in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"69 2","pages":"149-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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