Magyar onkologia最新文献

[Molecular pathology of gastrointestinal neoplasms]. [胃肠道肿瘤的分子病理学]。

Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-20

Tamás Strausz, László Báthory-Fülöp, Eszter Papp, Erika Tóth

{"title":"[Molecular pathology of gastrointestinal neoplasms].","authors":"Tamás Strausz, László Báthory-Fülöp, Eszter Papp, Erika Tóth","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The molecular pathological examination of solid tumors is essential not only for supporting histological diagnosis but also for detecting hereditary variations and predictive biomarkers. Analyzing predictive markers is fundamental to personalized cancer therapy, directly affecting patient care through pathological testing. These analyses employ both traditional immunohistochemical staining methods and molecular genetic techniques. In both approaches, preanalytics is of critical importance, necessitating the adoption of standardized and reproducible processes. Molecular diagnostics in colorectal cancer focuses on detecting activating mutations in the MAPK pathway (KRAS, NRAS, BRAF), as well as evaluating microsatellite instability and HER2 amplification. Immunohistochemical methods can effectively identify biomarkers for gastric cancers, including the novel claudin18.2. The responsiveness of gastrointestinal stromal tumors to imatinib requires validation via molecular testing. Patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer may see enhanced survival rates by targeted therapy addressing microsatellite instability and BRCA mutations. In bile duct malignancies, especially intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma of the small duct variant, the analysis of IDH1 mutations and FGFR2 fusions presents new treatment prospects.","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"68 4","pages":"325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Molecular pathology of lung adenocarcinomas, EGFR T790M resistance mutation study]. [肺腺癌分子病理学，表皮生长因子受体 T790M 抗性突变研究]。

Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-20

Andrea Kohánka, László Báthory-Fülöp, Eszter Tanács-Bencze, Helga Engi, Krisztina Bogos, Judit Moldvay, Zsolt Székely Pápai, Zsuzsanna Szalai, János Szőke, Erika Tóth

{"title":"[Molecular pathology of lung adenocarcinomas, EGFR T790M resistance mutation study].","authors":"Andrea Kohánka, László Báthory-Fülöp, Eszter Tanács-Bencze, Helga Engi, Krisztina Bogos, Judit Moldvay, Zsolt Székely Pápai, Zsuzsanna Szalai, János Szőke, Erika Tóth","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: In our institute, we have been testing EGFR T790M resistance mutations since 2019, which is the most common resistance mutation that develops during first-line, second- line EGFR TKI treatment of EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinomas. The importance of this study is that the identification of this mutation will allow the use of an effective third-generation TKI. In this article, we report on studies from January 2022 to August 2024, compared with our results from the 2019-2021 period.Methods: 380, predominantly blood samples from 222 patients were tested during the present period using Super- ARMS EGFR Mutation Detection Kit (AmoyDx).Results: EGFR mutations were identified in 57% of all samples in the primary tumours, with a 38.3% frequency of T790M mutation.Conclusions: Our results were similar to the previous period. The number of rebiopsies was essentially unchanged compared to the 2019-2021 period, which may be the main reason why we were able to identify the mutation in a lower percentage compared to the T790M hit rate described in the literature.","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"68 4","pages":"334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[The role of clonal hematopoiesis in the molecular diagnostics of solid tumors]. [克隆造血在实体瘤分子诊断中的作用]。

Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-25

Zoltán Őrfi, Attila Kállai, Dóra Csabán, Nóra Meggyesi, Mariann Nagy-Schwendtner, József Harasztdombi, Béla Kajtár, Andrea Ceglédi, Árpád Bátai, Attila Tordai, Péter Reményi, Gábor Mikala, Zoltán Ungvári, Hajnalka Andrikovics

{"title":"[The role of clonal hematopoiesis in the molecular diagnostics of solid tumors].","authors":"Zoltán Őrfi, Attila Kállai, Dóra Csabán, Nóra Meggyesi, Mariann Nagy-Schwendtner, József Harasztdombi, Béla Kajtár, Andrea Ceglédi, Árpád Bátai, Attila Tordai, Péter Reményi, Gábor Mikala, Zoltán Ungvári, Hajnalka Andrikovics","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This review presents the latest molecular genetic diagnostic and clinical aspects related to clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). CHIP belongs to the continuously expanding group of pre-cancerous conditions, increasingly recognized in routine patient care due to the development of molecular diagnostic tools and the increase in life expectancy. The incidence of CHIP mutations increases with age (1-2% in individuals aged 50 years, 15-45% in those aged 80 years). According to international studies, 5-8% of examinations performed on solid tumors may contain erroneous results due to the presence of leukocytes. This rate increases to 10-15% in case of liquid biopsy samples. To avoid misleading diagnostic results, it is recommended to perform comparative analysis of samples from different tissue origins, blood/tumor sample pairs. The authors illustrate CHIP-related alterations affecting targeted therapies for solid tumors (e.g. KRAS, ATM, IDH1, TP53). The impact of CHIP on the detection of germline genetic alterations is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"68 4","pages":"351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Predictive markers in gynaecological, prostate, and breast cancers]. [妇科癌症、前列腺癌和乳腺癌的预测指标]。

Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-22

András Rókusz, Zsombor Melegh, Ildikó Vereczkey, Eszter Papp, Lilla Madaras, Erika Tóth

引用次数: 0

[Diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives in RASopathies]. [RAS病的诊断和治疗前景]。

Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-19

Barnabás Péter Botos, Júlia Erhardt, Sámuel Jenei, Kamilla Luca Li, Dávid Sándor Kovács, Bálint Egyed, Jusztina Nikolett Beniczky, Dániel Erdélyi, Judit Müller, Edit Brückner, Monika Csóka, Andrea Szabó, László Környei, Rita Bertalan, Gábor Kovács, Csaba Vilmányi, Miklós Garami, Csaba Bödör, Ferenc Árpád Kovács

{"title":"[Diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives in RASopathies].","authors":"Barnabás Péter Botos, Júlia Erhardt, Sámuel Jenei, Kamilla Luca Li, Dávid Sándor Kovács, Bálint Egyed, Jusztina Nikolett Beniczky, Dániel Erdélyi, Judit Müller, Edit Brückner, Monika Csóka, Andrea Szabó, László Környei, Rita Bertalan, Gábor Kovács, Csaba Vilmányi, Miklós Garami, Csaba Bödör, Ferenc Árpád Kovács","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"RASopathies are congenital diseases that manifest in childhood with symptoms and potential complications, typically associated with an elevated tumour predisposition risk. The heterogeneous symptoms involve mostly central nervous, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal systems and skin, and modified growth pattern. From molecular perspective, the function of a key protein involved in Ras signalling is impaired, leading to disrupted regulation of cell growth and division. It is crucial to uncover genetic history, analyse tumour and cardiac involvement pattern along four generation pedigree and depict minor anomaly pattern. Upon clinical suspicion a stepwise approach to molecular testing is recommended to confirm or rule out the specific RASopathy. Post-test genetic counselling should address potential complications, developmental and follow-up strategies in line with current guidelines. Cascade pedigree segregation analysis according to the inheritance pattern should be offered to family planning parents and potentially affected family members. In case of certain specific organ involvement or complications, targeted therapeutics are available, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"68 4","pages":"313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[The clinical potential of measurable residual disease in hematological malignancies]. [血液恶性肿瘤中可测量残留疾病的临床潜力]。

Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-10-11

Tamás László, Anna Lili Kenéz, Gabriella Szepesi, Marcell Matúz, Gábor Barna, Csaba Bödör

引用次数: 0

[The role of cytogenetic tests in the diagnosis of malignant hematologic diseases]. [细胞遗传学检测在恶性血液病诊断中的作用]。

Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-11-06

Anikó Ujfalusi

引用次数: 0

[Diagnostic challenges of pediatric gliomas; the role of molecular profiling in everyday diagnostics]. [小儿胶质瘤的诊断挑战；分子图谱分析在日常诊断中的作用]。

Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-10-17

Livia Vida, László Kereskai, Kitti Laura Kovács, Béla Kajtár

引用次数: 0

[Advances in immunotherapy of colorectal cancer]. [结直肠癌免疫疗法的进展]。

Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Epub Date: 2024-06-28

Zsuzsanna Németh, Gábor Rubovszky

引用次数: 0

[Uro-oncological robotic procedures performed in our department]. [本部门开展的泌尿肿瘤机器人手术]。

Magyar onkologia Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Epub Date: 2024-07-26

Boldizsár Vokó, Tamás Mayer, Ákos Szegedi, Péter Tenke

{"title":"[Uro-oncological robotic procedures performed in our department].","authors":"Boldizsár Vokó, Tamás Mayer, Ákos Szegedi, Péter Tenke","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Our objective was to present the perioperative and oncological results of robot-assisted surgery performed in our department. In our publication, we retrospectively reviewed the data of 658 robot-assisted procedures performed between 01/02/2022 and 31/03/2024. The average operative time for radical prostatectomy with bilateral lymph node block dissection was 229 minutes, mean blood loss was 305 ml. Without lymphadenectomy, mean blood loss was 233 ml, operative time was 185 minutes. Biochemical relapse- free rate was 81.6% one year after the procedures. 165 patients underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy, and 48 patients underwent radical nephrectomy. We performed the first robot-assisted cystectomy with intracorporeal \"neobladder\" technique in Hungary. In terms of urinary diversion, we performed orthotopic bladder formation in 10 cases, Bricker bladder formation in 20 cases, and uretherocutaneostomia in 4 cases. We also performed the first robot- assisted retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in the country. As a conclusion, using robot-assisted technology, the full spectrum of radical uro-oncological surgical procedures can be safely performed in a minimally invasive manner. Our experience and results are encouraging so far, validating the increasing domestic distribution of robotic surgery.","PeriodicalId":94127,"journal":{"name":"Magyar onkologia","volume":"68 3","pages":"263-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0