Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS最新文献

{"title":"Repeated Administration of Pharmaceutical-Grade Medium-Chain Triglycerides, a Common Pharmacologic Excipient, Confers Dose-Dependent Toxicity by the Intraperitoneal but Not Oral Route in Mice.","authors":"Mitzi Adler-Wachter, Julia Y Tsai, Brendan N Schweitzer, Ashley McDonough, Melissa Barker-Haliski, Jessica M Snyder, Jonathan R Weinstein","doi":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-032","DOIUrl":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmaceutical-grade medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) are common excipients for in vivo pharmacological studies in laboratory animals and as an experimental therapeutic in certain metabolic and neurologic disorders. In this study, we examined the tolerability of repeated administration of a pharmaceutical-grade formulation of 3 MCTs-caprylic, capric, and lauric acid-in mice via the oral and intraperitoneal routes. We administered either 8 or 4 µL of 100% MCTs or saline/gram of body weight (∼7.56 or 3.78 g/kg, respectively) twice daily for 7 d. During administration, and for 7 d after, we monitored weight change and clinical presentation. On day 14, or upon meeting euthanasia criteria, animals were sacrificed for gross necropsy, histology, and CBC. We observed significant weight loss, clinical decline, and 100% mortality in animals receiving 8 µL/g MCTs via the intraperitoneal route of administration. Gross necropsy revealed serosanguinous fluid in the thoracic cavity, dark red mottled lungs, and adhesions in the abdominal cavity. Histology confirmed inflammation of the lungs, mediastinum, and peritoneum. Mild pathology and initial weight loss (through day 3) were also present in mice receiving 4 µL/g MCTs IP. However, these animals regained weight by day 7 and exhibited no clinical decline or mortality. These adverse effects were not seen in animals receiving either 8 µL/g MCTs PO or 8 µL/g saline IP. These findings suggest that repeated intraperitoneal administration of MCTs may cause dose-dependent toxicity and mortality at high doses, but it confers no adverse effects when administered via the oral route.</p>","PeriodicalId":94111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Sentinel-Free Soiled Bedding as a Replacement for Direct Sampling in PCR Detection of Rodent Pathogens during Quarantine.","authors":"Allie Feinberg, Kourtney P Nickerson, Cheryl L Woods, David Reimer, Kenneth S Henderson, Robert P Andersen, Bhupinder Singh","doi":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Establishing a screening method for rodent pathogens is an integral component of an institution's rodent health surveillance program. Most rodent quarantine programs use direct colony sampling (DCS) from live animals for pathogen PCR testing. DCS may elicit undue stress to the animal and be time consuming, contingent on the number of quarantined animals. Sentinel-free soiled bedding (SFSB) sampling has previously been used to monitor the pathogen status of research rodents. A pilot study was conducted to determine the feasibility of an SFSB-based quarantine by comparing it to DCS for the evaluation of pet shop mice of different age ranges. Enhanced detection by SFSB for the 6- to 10-wk age range supported further investigation. The subsequent main study evaluated whether SFSB sampling is as effective as traditional DCS for detecting rodent pathogens. We hypothesized that SFSB contact media sampling is either equivalent to or more effective than DCS for detecting pathogens in quarantined mice. The study included mice imported from various institutions between October 2023 and August 2024. The DCS and exposed contact media were tested using PCR analyses. The total number of positive agent assay detections by DCS was 157, compared with 173 with the SFSB method. These results suggest that contact media sampling provides equivalent or superior detection of rodent pathogens compared with the DCS method. Although not statistically significant, it was observed that delaying sample submission decreased detection rates for 2 RNA viruses: 80% for murine astrovirus-1 (MuAstV1; 4 out of 5 samples) and 67% for genogroup V norovirus (MNV; 4 out of 6 samples). Immediate submission restored the detection rate to 100% for MuAstV1 and 91% for MNV. To conclude, SFSB rapid submission during quarantine provides a reliable and effective alternative to the traditional DCS method for the detection of rodent pathogens. This nonintrusive methodology mitigates stress during sampling while enhancing the effectiveness and sensitivity of pathogen detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":94111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Ketamine/Xylazine Anesthesia in Geriatric Mice.","authors":"Sidney Beecy, Desiree Meuse, Nicole Kizielewicz, Corinna Beale, Denise Molk","doi":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aged mice are becoming increasingly important models for human senescence. Many studies require anesthesia. Standard rodent ketamine/xylazine injectable regimens have been associated with increased incidences of death, unreliable surgical planes, and prolonged recoveries in geriatric mice. We hypothesized that the addition of atipamezole reversal and higher doses of ketamine or xylazine would result in a more reliable surgical plane of anesthesia and quicker recovery in geriatric mice without increasing mortality. Mice (n = 6 per group) were subjected to one of 3 anesthetic regimens: 100 mg/kg ketamine and 10 mg/kg xylazine without reversal (Standard); 150 mg/kg ketamine and 10 mg/kg xylazine with 1 mg/kg atipamezole reversal (High Ketamine); or 100 mg/kg ketamine and 15 mg/kg xylazine with 1 mg/kg atipamezole reversal (High Xylazine). While anesthetized, righting reflex, pedal withdrawal reflex, heart rate, respiratory rate, arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), and temperature were recorded. While both experimental groups provided a more consistent surgical plane of anesthesia, the High Ketamine group had both the longest anesthetic period and the highest mortality (33.3%). The High Xylazine group had moderate mortality (16.6%) and a comparable anesthetic period to the Standard regimen, along with a superior SpO2 to both groups. Atipamezole reversal led to a faster return of righting reflex and an increase in SpO2 but did not affect the total length of recovery compared with the Standard group that did not include a reversal agent. Overall, the High Xylazine group provided a more reliable surgical plane to the Standard group in geriatric mice but increased mortality (16.6%), and the addition of atipamezole as a reversal agent did not significantly change the length of recovery. The information gained from this study can help guide decisions regarding the use of ketamine and xylazine in geriatric mice for surgical procedures or lengthy procedures for which redosing might be necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":94111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Intrarenal and Intravenous Injections of Sodium Pentobarbital for Euthanasia in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).","authors":"Jessica L LeGrand, Sarah M Ozawa, Marnie G Silverstein-Metzler, Jenny M Estes, Nina A Moiseiwitsch, Jazz Q Stephens, Hannah M Atkins, Olivia A Petritz","doi":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-012","DOIUrl":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral venous access in rabbits can be difficult to obtain. When failure occurs, there is a dire need for alternative vascular access routes to be available. The AVMA categorizes intrarenal injection of pentobarbital as acceptable with conditions for euthanasia. Animals must be in an unconscious state, and only minimal studies using intrarenal administration have been reported. A total of 53 rabbits were used to conduct 3 separate analyses to assess and measure the efficacy, efficiency, and validity of the intrarenal route for euthanasia in New Zealand White rabbits by assessing the time to cardiopulmonary arrest (TCPA). Animals were sedated with 40 mg/kg ketamine and 50 μg/kg dexmedetomidine intramuscularly into the lumbar muscles, and timing started at the beginning of the injection and ended when cardiac and respiratory arrest were observed. Cardiac and respiratory arrest following intravenous injection of pentobarbital was significantly quicker (cardiac, 6 to 24 s, median 9 s; respiratory, 6 to 19 s, median 9 s; P < 0.001) than for the intrarenal route (cardiac, 40 to 900 s, median 411 s; respiratory, 23 to 900 s, median 120 s; P < 0.001), with no negative animal reactions observed during euthanasia injection performance. Four animals did not achieve TCPA within 15 min after administration. Although TCPA was longer with intrarenal compared with intravenous euthanasia (P < 0.001), this study demonstrates that the intrarenal approach under anesthesia is a feasible alternative to the intravenous approach, as it can be reliably performed without observed animal distress or alterations in organ pathology. The overall information from this study can help guide both laboratory and practicing clinicians considering this technique. Still, factors such as variable times to cardiopulmonary arrest and technical skill should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":94111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Mouse (Mus musculus) Sex and C57BL/6 Substrain on Sensitivity to Isoflurane and Ketamine-Xylazine-Acepromazine Anesthesia.","authors":"Katharine P Tuohy, Anila R Tynan, Jovannah N Gerisma, James O Marx","doi":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anesthesia is commonly performed with mice in the research setting. Standard doses of anesthetic drugs are typically recommended, without customization to strain, substrain, or sex. The purpose of this study was to evaluate C57BL/6 substrain and sex differences in response to isoflurane and ketamine/xylazine/acepromazine (KXA) injectable anesthesia. Female and male C57BL/6NTac, C57BL/6J, C57BL6/6NHsd, and C57BL/6NCrl mice were sourced from 4 different vendors. Isoflurane anesthesia trials were performed with a subset of the mice (n = 24) to determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC). Loss of righting reflex, total loss of righting time, time to loss of pedal withdrawal reflex, and total time at surgical plane were evaluated for mice (n = 64) administered 100 mg/kg ketamine, 10 mg/kg xylazine, and 1 mg/kg acepromazine by intraperitoneal injection. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) were monitored throughout each anesthetic event. Isoflurane MAC was not affected by sex or substrain. In the KXA trials, male mice exhibited a longer duration of loss of righting reflex and remained at a surgical plane of anesthesia significantly longer than the female mice. No significant differences in substrain were detected in the depth or duration of anesthesia. Evaluation of physiologic parameters revealed differences in heart rate between substrains, with C57BL/6NHsd mice exhibiting significantly lower heart rates than the other 3 substrains during both isoflurane and KXA anesthesia. C57BL/6J mice had the highest heart rates during KXA anesthesia. These heart rate differences can impact clinical monitoring practices and are important to consider when selecting strains for study models, especially for cardiovascular studies. In conclusion, the male C57BL/6 mice exhibited a longer duration of anesthesia in response to KXA, while no substrain differences were detected for anesthetic depth or duration of either isoflurane or KXA anesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":94111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Dexmedetomidine/Morphine and Xylazine/Morphine as Premedication in Isoflurane-Anesthetized Sheep.","authors":"Ekkapol Akaraphutiporn, Patmanachatr Bunnag, Vudhiporn Limprasutr, Kasem Rattanapinyopituk, Sumit Durongphongtorn, Luisito S Pablo, Patrick Sharp, Cholawat Pacharinsak, Chalika Wangdee","doi":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-048","DOIUrl":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study we investigated the sedative, anesthetic, and pulmonary histopathologic effects of dexmedetomidine/morphine (DM) and xylazine/morphine (XM) in sheep. We hypothesized that DM would provide profound sedation and better maintain physiologic parameters under anesthesia than XM in sheep undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Nineteen male sheep were premedicated with either DM (dexmedetomidine [0.006 mg/kg] and morphine [0.3 mg/kg]) or XM (xylazine [0.1 mg/kg] and morphine [0.3 mg/kg]). After DM or XM administration, 3 blinded veterinarians evaluated sedation scores (0 [no sedation], 1 [mild], 2 [moderate], 3 [severe]). Sheep were induced with intravenous tiletamine/zolazepam, intubated, and maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Anesthetic parameters were monitored for 60 min, including heart rate, respiratory rate, indirect blood pressure, oxygen saturation, end-tidal carbon dioxide, body temperature, arterial blood gas analysis, and isoflurane requirement. At the end of the procedure, the sheep were euthanized, and lung pathology (pulmonary edema) was assessed. The results showed that the sedation scores did not differ between DM (0.8 [0.4 to 1.0]) and XM (1.0 [1.0 to 1.0]). In addition, the anesthetic parameters were comparable between the groups, but the DM group exhibited a higher heart rate than the XM group. Finally, marked pulmonary changes, consistent with pulmonary edema, were observed in the XM group. In conclusion, DM and XM provided similar sedation and physiologic stability under isoflurane anesthesia, but DM may help minimize bradycardia and was associated with less evidence of pulmonary edema.</p>","PeriodicalId":94111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Serum L-FABP as a Biomarker and Hepatoprotective Effect of L-FABP Using Wild-Type and Human L-FABP Chromosome Transgenic Mice.","authors":"Keiichi Ohata, Kanjiro Ryu, Kinuko Uno, Soon Hui Teoh, Takeshi Sugaya, Atsuko Kamijo-Ikemori, Noriko Suzuki-Kemuriyama, Katsuhiro Miyajima","doi":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are the major prevalent liver diseases and growing public health problems worldwide. Because MASLD/MASH is known as a risk for progression to cirrhosis and development of hepatocellular carcinoma, therapeutic approaches and biomarkers that reflect the presence and progression of the disease are needed. In recent years, the usefulness of serum L-FABP levels has been reported for monitoring of hepatocellular damage in various liver diseases including MASLD/MASH in humans. Furthermore, it is reported that hepatic L-FABP is a potential therapeutic target. The purpose of this study was to validate the usefulness of serum L-FABP as a liver damage biomarker in the mouse model of MASLD/MASH and to evaluate the function of L-FABP in the pathogenesis of MASLD/MASH. First, we evaluated the changes in serum L-FABP as a liver damage biomarker using a mouse model of MASLD/MASH fed a choline-deficient, methionine-lowered, amino acid-defined, high-fat diet. The results demonstrated that serum L-FABP levels in the MASLD/MASH model continuously increased with the progression of steatosis and correlated with histopathologic changes. Serum L-FABP may be a useful biomarker for liver disease with respect to translational research bridging between animal models and human clinical research. Further, we showed that in human L-FABP chromosomal transgenic mice L-FABP had a suppressive effect on the gene expression associated with oxidative stress, fibrosis, and inflammation in the MASLD/MASH model. L-FABP is not only a biomarker in the blood but also has the functional aspect of hepatoprotection against MASLD/MASH.</p>","PeriodicalId":94111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Safety and Efficacy of Extended-Release Buprenorphine Formulations for Mouse Reproductive Surgeries under Tribromoethanol.","authors":"Sarah R Gillis-Smith, Elmer Umana, Tony E Chavarria, Niora J Fabian, Susan E Erdman","doi":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-161","DOIUrl":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extended-release buprenorphine formulations are commonly used to control postoperative pain in rodents with minimal handling-related stress. An FDA-indexed formulation is now available that has been demonstrated safe and effective with ketamine-xylazine and isoflurane anesthesia; however, safe use in combination with tribromoethanol, a nonpharmaceutical-grade anesthetic sometimes favored for short, high-volume procedures, has not been reported. Effects on pregnancy and offspring have also not been examined. In this study we compared the safety and efficacy of the FDA-indexed formulation at the labeled dose (3.25 mg/kg) to the compounded extended-release buprenorphine formulation used by the centralized Transgenic Core at our institution at the manufacturer-recommended dosage (1 mg/kg) in CD-1 mice under tribromoethanol anesthesia. A pilot (n = 5 females per drug) was initially conducted with anesthetic and analgesic in the absence of surgical manipulation, after which the formulations were compared in embryo transfer and vasectomy surgeries (n = 10 males or females per drug). Relative efficacy was assessed at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after surgery using a cageside ethogram, frequency of rearing behavior compared with baseline, and weight change. No differences were seen between analgesic treatment groups. Safety was evaluated by intraoperative respiratory rate, recovery time, incidence of analgesic injection site lesions, and gross necropsy. Ulceration was only observed at the injection site of mice receiving compounded drug; no other differences between treatments were observed. Effects on pregnancy were evaluated by comparing pregnancy success, litter size, and pup weight at weaning between treatment groups in the initial experiment and embryo transfers subsequently performed by the Transgenic Core (n = 19 sets). No significant differences were identified. These results indicate that both formulations can be safely used in vasectomy and embryo transfer surgeries under tribromoethanol anesthesia; however, the FDA-indexed product may improve welfare by decreasing injection site ulceration compared with the compounded formulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the Archives, in Recognition of the 75th Anniversary of AALAS: Advances in Animal Care Technology at the National Center for Toxicological Research (1976).","authors":"Glen Otto","doi":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-065","DOIUrl":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Treatment of a Storage Mite Infestation in Rats (Rattus norvegicus).","authors":"Julia Lazo, Wai H Hanson","doi":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-041","DOIUrl":"10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-25-041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Storage mites are environmental pests that commonly invade hay, grain, or stored food. While generally regarded as harmless, they have been reported to elicit allergic reactions in both humans and animals. Although storage mites are considered environmental contaminants, this case report describes an infestation of storage mites on rats (Rattus norvegicus) in a laboratory animal facility. Despite traditional diagnostic methods initially revealing negative results, mites were consistently observed under repeated direct microscopic examinations of the animals. Eventual positive pelage tapes confirmed the presence of the ectoparasites and identified them as mold or cheese mites (Tyrophagus brevicrinatus or Tyrophagus putrescentiae) via Sanger sequencing. To our knowledge, this report is the first to implement permethrin-soaked cotton balls for the successful treatment of mold mites in an entire rat colony. Furthermore, considering the initial negative diagnostic results, this report emphasizes the pelage tape method as highly susceptible to false negatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":94111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}